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{"title":"Comparison of Dextran Perfusion and GSI-B4 Isolectin Staining in a Mouse Model of Oxygen-induced Retinopathy.","authors":"Shaofen Huang, Jiajian Liang, G. Yam, Zhihao Lu, C. Pang, H. Chen","doi":"10.3969/J.ISSN.1000-4432.2015.02.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3969/J.ISSN.1000-4432.2015.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE Oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) is a robust and widely used animal model for the study of retinal neovascularization (NV). Dextran perfusion and Griffonia simplicifolia isolectin B4 (GSI-B4) staining are two common methods for examining the occurrence and extent of OIR. This study provides a quantitative comparison of the two for OIR detection. METHODS At postnatal day 7 (PN7), fifteen C57BL/6J mice were exposed to a 75% hyperoxic condition for 5 days and then returned to room air conditions. At PN17, the mice received intravitreal injection of GSI-B4 Alexa Fluor 568 conjugate. After 10 hours, they were infused with FITC-dextran conjugate via the left ventricle. Retinal flat mounts were photographed by confocal microscopy. Areas with fluorescent signals and the total retinal areas were quantified by Image J software. RESULTS Both GSI-B4 and dextran detected the peripheral neovascular area. The mean hyper fluorescence area was 0.33 ± 0.14% of whole retinal area determined by GSI-B4 staining and 0.25 ± 0.28% determined by dextran perfusion. The difference between the two measures was 0.08% (95% CI:-0.59%, 0.43%). The Pearson correlation coefficient between the two methods was 0.386,P =0.035. The mean coincidence rates were 14.3 ± 13.4% and 24.9 ± 18.5% for GSI-B4 and dextran staining, respectively. CONCLUSION Both methods can complement each other in demonstrating and quantitatively evaluating retinal NV. A poor agreement was found between the two methods; GSI-B4 isolectin was more effective than FITC-dextran perfusion in evaluating the extent of retinal NV in a mouse model of OIR.","PeriodicalId":12096,"journal":{"name":"Eye science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89356936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Coaxial Micro-incision Phacoemulsification in Nanophthalmic Eyes: Report of Retrospective Case Series.","authors":"Z. Ye, Zhaohui Li, Shou-zhi He, Bing Chen, X. Xing, Chunyan Ren","doi":"10.3969/j.issn.1000-4432.2015.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-4432.2015.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE\u0000The surgical risk and complication rate after cataract surgery are extremely high in patients with nanophthalmos. This study is designed to compare the visual and refractive outcomes before and after coaxial micro-incision phacoemulsification and evaluate postoperative complications.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Fifty nine patients (89 eyes) with axial length (AL) < 21 mm diagnosed with nanophthalmos were enrolled in this retrospective study. All patients underwent coaxial micro-incision phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. The main outcome measures included anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV), anterior chamber angle (A CA), intraocular pressure (IOP) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Wilcoxon signed rank test or Mann-Whitney test, and Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed for statistical tests as appropriate.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The median AL was 19.63 mm. Sixty-six eyes (74.16%) had a history of surgical intervention. Postoperative ACD, ACV and ACA were increased significantly (all P < 0.001), whereas postoperative IOP was decreased significantly (P < 0.001) after surgery. Previous surgical intervention was related to a reduction in the postoperative ACD and ACA (P < 0.01), and both preoperative and postoperative IOP (P < 0.001). Postoperative BCVA was improved in 94.38% of the cases. Intraoperative complications mainly included iridoschisis (6 eyes, 6.74%). Early postoperative complications included temporary corneal edema (TCE) (23 eyes, 25.84%), anterior inflammatory response (AIR) (19 eyes, 21.35%), cystoid macular edema (CME) (14 eyes, 15.73%), and uveal effusion (4 eyes, 4.49%). Late postoperative complications included CME (8 eyes, 8.99%), uveal effusion (8 eyes, 8.99%), malignant glaucoma (2 eyes, 2.25%) and posterior capsular opacification (PCO) (10 eyes, 11.24%). The majority of complications (80%) were successfully resolved by pharmacotherapy or operation. The risk of surgical complications was greater in patients with lower AL, ACD, ACV or ACA and higher nuclear hardness or mean keratometry (Km).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000With reasonable preoperative management, prudent selection of the lens, rigorous surgical technique and unerring cognition of potential complications, coaxial microincision phacoemulsification lens surgery can be performed in patients with nanophthalmos and yield favorable outcomes and a low incidence of complications.","PeriodicalId":12096,"journal":{"name":"Eye science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86757265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of a Quality Control Circle to Reduce the Wait Times between Continuous Surgeries.","authors":"Hairong Zhang, Li Wang, Yueye Cai, Ronghua Ye, Jingyi Lin, Dongdong Jiang","doi":"10.3969/J.ISSN.1000-4432.2015.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3969/J.ISSN.1000-4432.2015.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE\u0000To investigate how to shorten patient wait times between continuous ocular operations and to evaluate the influence of a quality control circle (QCC) on operating room management.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000QCC management was established to conduct activities. Clinical data were collected to analyze the causes of long wait times between continuous surgeries. Effective measures were undertaken correspondingly.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The staff from QCC actively undertook measures that would significantly shorten patient wait times between continuous ocular surgeries (P < 0.05).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Multiple measures, such as setting up a QCC, enhancing the arrangement of surgical procedures, establishing effective communication channels, optimizing human resources, and integrating the use of instruments, can effectively shorten patient wait times between continuous vitreous or retinal surgeries.","PeriodicalId":12096,"journal":{"name":"Eye science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86174492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Prevalence and Situation of Myopia in Adolescents from South China.","authors":"Shuiming Yu, Hongxing Diao, J. Zeng","doi":"10.3969/J.ISSN.1000-4432.2015.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3969/J.ISSN.1000-4432.2015.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE\u0000To conduct dynamic detection of refraction changes in adolescents with myopia and analyze the correlation between different reexamination times and factors that included age of onset, initial refractive power, and rate of myopia progression.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000A total of 900 adolescents (aged 6-15 years) with myopia admitted to Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center between 2009 and 2013 were randomly selected in this investigation. All participants underwent objective refraction measurement with an autorefractometer (Topcon 8900) or streak retinoscopy and subjective refraction detection with an autorefractor (Nidek) or minus-lens procedures at different time intervals (6 months, 1, and 2 years). Accurate refractive power was obtained. All data were analyzed with SPSS 18.0 statistical software.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The mean refractive power was increased by 0.56 ± 0.37 diopters(D) after 6 months, by 0.83 ± 0.45 D after 1 year, and by 1.50 ± 0.70 D after 2 years. Among the 900 adolescents, the most rapid increase in refractive power was observed at the age of 8 years at the 6-month reexamination, at the age of 8 and 9 years at the 1-year reexamination, and at the age of 7-9 years at the 2-year reexamination. The increase in index of refraction tended to diminish with aging. The different cycles of reexamination revealed a slowing of the rate of myopia progression along with the increase in the initial index of refraction. The highest rate of myopia progression was noted in low-myopic adolescents with initial refractive power ranging from -0.25 to 2.75 D.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000No positive correlation was documented between different cycles of reexamination and the refractive power. The increase in refractive power was associated with factors that included the reexamination cycle, age of onset, and initial refractive power.","PeriodicalId":12096,"journal":{"name":"Eye science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76071330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Preoperative Visits during the Perioperative Period of Ophthalmic Surgery.","authors":"Dan-yun Wu, Yingjun Chen, Ya-wen Wu, Hai-hui Li, Miaoyu Fu, Yanchan Liu","doi":"10.3969/J.ISSN.1000-4432.2015.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3969/J.ISSN.1000-4432.2015.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE\u0000To evaluate the effect of preoperative visits on patients' psychology, physiology, and behavior during the perioperative period of eye surgery under local anesthesia, with the aim of enhancing patients' cooperation with the surgery and improving their degree of satisfaction.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000A total of 240 patients scheduled to undergo eye surgery between August and October 2013 were randomly divided into an observation (n = 120) and a control (n = 120) group. Patients in the observation group attended preoperative visits with nurses and received conventional nursing care. The control group received only conventional nursing.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The Zung self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) scores were significantly lower in patients from the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). Surgeons operating on the observation group were more satisfied with their patients' cooperation with the surgery than were surgeons operating on the controls (P < 0.01). Patients in the observation group had a significantly higher degree of satisfaction in terms of work efficiency in the operating room (P < 0.01).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Preoperative visits by patients scheduled to undergo eye surgery can effectively mitigate preoperative anxiety in those patients, build up a positive attitude toward the upcoming surgery, instruct the patients to coordinate with the surgery, enhance surgical safety, and improve the patients' degree of satisfaction regarding the nursing care in the operating room.","PeriodicalId":12096,"journal":{"name":"Eye science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75514795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Diplopia on Daily Life and Evaluation of Nursing Measures Following Strabismus Surgery.","authors":"Jing Lin, Qingdong He, Huiming Xiao","doi":"10.3969/J.ISSN.1000-4432.2015.02.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3969/J.ISSN.1000-4432.2015.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE\u0000To investigate the effect of diplopia on the daily life of patients after strabismus surgery and to explore appropriate nursing care measures.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000A total of 200 patients who developed postoperative diplopia underwent telephone follow-up to evaluate the influence of diplopia on their daily lives. SPSS 19.0 statistical software was utilized for data analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Postoperative diplopia affected patients' physical activity (49%), attention (39.2%), work and study (24.5%), emotions (19.5% ), and housework performance (17% ), whereas it did not influence the quality of sleep. Potential risk factors associated with diplopia, such as duration of diplopia, gender, and age, were analyzed by uni- and multivariate regression analysis. Quality of life was significantly and negatively correlated with the duration of diplopia, but not correlated with gender or age.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Postoperative diplopia affects the quality of life in partial patients. The nursing staff should provide nursing care, health education, and explicit instructions to the patients after discharge. In addition, nursing care should be sustained by subsequent telephone follow-up.","PeriodicalId":12096,"journal":{"name":"Eye science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89605864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Diagnosis for Multiple Sclerosis-related Optic Neuritis.","authors":"Yan Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaolei Liang,&nbsp;Shihui Wei,&nbsp;Hongyang Li","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To analyze clinical features and main causes of multiple sclerosis-related optic neuritis (MS-ON), providing evidence for the differential diagnosis of MS-ON.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical data were collected from 527 patients, 123 males and 404 females, diagnosed with MS-ON between June 2008 and June 2013. Visual acuity, optometry, visual field, slit-lamp microscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy (20D), optical coherence tomography (OCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed. Venous blood was sampled for detection of autoimmune antibodies and Aquaporin (AQP- 4).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty nine cases were diagnosed with neuromyelitis optica-related optic neuritis (NMO-ON), 27 Sjogren's syndrome-related optic neuropathy, 22 tumors, 21 anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, 15 radiation-induced optic neuropathy, 14 optic neuropathy-related infection, 17 genetic eye diseases and 10 open angle glaucoma. Among 168 MS-ON patients undergoing optic nerve MRI,90 cases (53.57%) had a lesion < 15 mm in size, 15-30 mm in 76 (45.24%) and > 30 mm in two (1.19%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MS-ON is more commonly misdiagnosed with NMO-ON and Sjogren's syndrome, when compared to optic neuropathy, tumors and ischemic optic neuropathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12096,"journal":{"name":"Eye science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34089387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Progress on Ocular Surface Changes after Fem- tosecond Laser Small Incision Lenticule Extraction.","authors":"Xiangfei Chen,&nbsp;Yan Lu,&nbsp;Chunhong Wang,&nbsp;Zhenping Huang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The femtosecond laser has a number of advantages, such as short pulse time, high instantaneous power, high repetition rate, low monopulse energy, and small thermal effect. Femtosecond laser-assisted small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) is becoming the new direction in refractive surgery, and the ocular surface changes after SMILE are attracting increasingly more attention. This article reviews adverse effects, including dry eye, injury of corneal nerves, and ocular surface inflammation, occurring after SMILE.</p>","PeriodicalId":12096,"journal":{"name":"Eye science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34022126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness and Optic Disk Measurement by OCT on Early Diagnosis of Glaucoma.","authors":"Zanmei Hua,&nbsp;Qiuyun Fang,&nbsp;Xiangyin Sha,&nbsp;Ruiming Yang,&nbsp;Zuopeng Hong","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Glaucoma is an eye disease that can lead to irreversible optic nerve damage and cause blindness. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) allows an early diagnosis of glaucoma by the measurements of the retinal nerve fiber and optic disc parameters. A retrospective study was designed to analyze the effects of the measurement of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and the optic disc tomography by spectral-domain OCT on the early diagnosis of suspected glaucoma and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a clinical case-control study. The RNFL thickness around the optic disc and optic disk tomographic parameters of the control (n = 51, 98 eyes), suspected glaucoma (n = 81, 146 eyes), and POAG groups (n = 55, 106 eyes) were measured by OCT. The parameters included superior, inferior, nasal and temporal mean RNFL thickness, disc area (DA), cup area (CA), rim area (RA), disc volume (DV), cup volume (CV), rim volume (RV), cup/disc area ratio (CA/DA), rim/disc area ratio (RA/DA), cup/disc volume ratio (CV/DV) and rim/disc volume ratio (RV/DV).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Superior, nasal, and mean RNFL parameters, DA, CA,RA, DV, CV, CA/DA, RA/DA, CV/DV and RV/DV significantly differed among three groups by single-factorial ANOVA. Inferior and temporal RNFL thickness significantly differed between the control and POAG groups. No significant difference was observed in RV among three groups. In the POAG group, the maximum area under the ROC curve (AROC) of mean RNFL thickness was 0.845. The maximum AROC of optic disk parameters was RA/DA (0.998), followed by CA/DA (0.997). The AROC of CA, RA, CV, and DV were all > 0.900.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OCT may serve as a useful diagnostic modality in distinguishing suspected glaucoma from POAG.</p>","PeriodicalId":12096,"journal":{"name":"Eye science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34089384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nursing Care after Surgical Treatment of Fungal Endophthalmitis in Children.","authors":"Liqin Xu,&nbsp;Junlian Tan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore the nursing care following surgical treatment of fungal endophthalmitis in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty two children (32 eyes) with fungal endophthalmitis were enrolled in this study. After receiving antifungal medication, the children underwent either intravitreal injection, intravitreal injection of medicine combined with vitrectomy, or intravitreal injection in combination with vitrectomy and intraocular C3F8 tamponade. Prior to surgery, psychological and quarantine nursing, and medication use was properly prepared. After the surgery, the changes in the severity of diseases were strictly observed. A suitable body posture was selected and the eyes were protected from infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 32 patients with fungal endophthalmitis, 8 (25% ) cases presented with alleviated inflammation and no changes in visual acuity. The visual acuity of 18 cases (56.25%) was improved to different extents postoperatively. The inflammation in 6 children (18.75%) was properly controlled and the visual acuity declined. No cross-infection was noted in any patient.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prior to surgery, quarantine nursing and drug administration should be properly prepared. Postoperatively, the changes in the severity of diseases should be tightly monitored. The patients should be treated with effective therapies in a proper position, aiming to enhance the surgical efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12096,"journal":{"name":"Eye science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34022124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}