European Radiology最新文献

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Correlation between computational fluid dynamics-derived low wall shear stress and vessel wall enhancement on high-resolution MR vessel wall imaging in intracranial aneurysms.","authors":"Wenqing Yuan, Zihang Wang, Ying Yin, Ting Chen","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-12686-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-026-12686-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"8499-8500"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148316483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Breast cancer risk prediction with artificial intelligence-statistical improvement versus clinical impact.","authors":"Emre Utkan Büyükceran","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-12694-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-026-12694-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"8507-8508"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148276546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serial prenatal MRI evaluation of valacyclovir-treated vs untreated fetuses with congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection.","authors":"Mario Tortora, Elisa Fabbri, Alessia Arossa, Milena Furione, Luisa Chiapparini, Guglielmo Conti, Giana Izzo, Cecilia Parazzini, Filippo Arrigoni, Stefania Criscuolo, Fabio Tortora, Mariano Lanna, Andrea Righini, Chiara Doneda","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-12698-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-026-12698-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare serial prenatal MRI findings in valacyclovir-treated vs untreated fetuses with confirmed congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection, focusing on the occurrence and timing of minor brain lesions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this retrospective single-center cohort study, fetuses with confirmed cCMV infection and at least two prenatal brain MRI examinations were included. Fetuses with major brain malformations at baseline were excluded. Treated fetuses received oral valacyclovir (8 g/day) from diagnosis to delivery. Two senior neuroradiologists assessed MRI examinations in consensus, focusing on minor lesions (temporal pole T2 hyperintensity, focal temporal horn dilation, small cysts). Lesion timing was categorized as absent, late-onset, or early-onset. Statistical analyses included Fisher's exact test, χ²-test, and odds ratios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-seven fetuses were included (62 untreated, 15 treated). Persistently negative MRI findings were observed in 73.3% of treated fetuses vs 37.1% of untreated fetuses (p = 0.018; OR 4.67, 95% CI: 1.29-16.9). Early-onset minor lesions were observed only in untreated fetuses (11.3%). A significant difference between groups was confirmed when analysis was restricted to temporal pole lesions (p = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Maternal valacyclovir therapy was associated with a significantly higher likelihood of persistently normal prenatal MRI findings and absence of early minor brain lesions, suggesting a protective effect on fetal brain involvement in cCMV.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Question Minor temporal pole lesions are common early MRI findings in cCMV. Findings Valacyclovir-treated fetuses showed fewer and later-onset minor lesions. Clinical relevance Serial fetal MRI may serve as an imaging surrogate marker of treatment response.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"8140-8148"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148294043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Location of AI risk markers and associated mammographic features in screening mammograms obtained years before screen-detected breast cancer.","authors":"Marit A Martiniussen, Marie B Bergan, Merete U Kristiansen, Solveig Roth Hoff, Henrik Wethe Koch, Fredrik A Dahl, Solveig Hofvind","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-12689-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-026-12689-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine screening mammograms assigned high-risk scores by two artificial intelligence (AI) models, 2 and 4 years prior to screen-detected cancers.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study was based on data from 130,031 screening examinations performed in BreastScreen Norway (2008-2018), processed by two AI models: a commercial model (A) and an in-house model (B). The study sample included women with screen-detected cancer, and two prior consecutive screening examinations assigned the highest 10% of AI risk scores. Two radiologists conducted an informed review of three consecutive screening mammograms per woman, 4 and 2 years prior to, and at diagnosis. Descriptive statistics assessed the location of AI markings, mammographic features, histopathological tumor characteristics, and visibility of malignancy preceding diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Model A and B assigned high-risk scores at both prior mammograms for 43 and 47 cases, respectively, with 29 cases selected by both, yielding 61 sets of three consecutive examinations. AI markings corresponded to the cancer location in at least one view in 61% and 57% of cases 4 years prior to diagnosis for models A and B, respectively, while radiologists classified 89% as true negative or minimal sign non-specific. At diagnosis, spiculated mass (28%) and density with calcifications (20%) were the most frequent mammographic features but were absent 2 and 4 years prior.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The AI models identified breast cancer in a substantial part of screening mammograms 2 and 4 years preceding diagnosis, but only a few demonstrated suspicious findings according to radiologists.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Question Understanding the correspondence between AI markings, cancer location, and mammographic features is important to evaluate AI models' potential to enhance early breast cancer detection. Findings AI markings corresponded to the cancer location 4 and 2 years prior to diagnosis, with evolving mammographic features, yet radiologists classified most examinations as negative. Clinical relevance The discrepancy between AI-identified breast cancers years before diagnosis and radiologists classifying the same cases as negative highlights both AI's potential and the challenges of how best to implement it to enhance early detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"8380-8390"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148270941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of MRI-derived imaging biomarkers and machine learning-based classification in distal and myofibrillar myopathies.","authors":"Sara Bortolani, Mauro Monforte, Jose Verdu-Diaz, Silvia Bonanno, Marco Moscatelli, Pietro Riguzzi, Amalia Lupi, Eleonora Torchia, Giulio Gadaleta, Gaetano Vattemi, Sabrina Ravaglia, Maria Lucia Valentino, Yuri Falzone, Guido Primiano, Diego Lopergolo, Matteo Lucchini, Antonio Petrucci, Francesca Torri, Matteo Garibaldi, Beatrice Ravera, Gabriele Siciliano, Massimiliano Mirabella, Nicola De Stefano, Serenella Servidei, Carmelo Rodolico, Simonetta Gerevini, Stefano C Previtali, Rocco Liguori, Paola Tonin, Tiziana E Mongini, Elena Pegoraro, Jordi Diaz-Manera, Marco Savarese, Lorenzo Maggi, Enzo Ricci, Giorgio Tasca","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-13014-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-026-13014-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To characterise and validate disease-specific muscle imaging patterns in distal and myofibrillar myopathies, quantify their diagnostic performance, and develop an imaging-based classification framework incorporating machine learning.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Muscle MRI and CT scans from a multicentre national cohort of patients with genetically defined distal and myofibrillar myopathies were retrospectively analysed. The pattern of muscle involvement for each disease entity was described, and its sensitivity and specificity calculated. Supervised machine learning algorithms were trained using muscle scores and imaging-derived features, and their diagnostic performance was compared using balanced accuracy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 165 patients (mean age 48 ± 16 years; 87 men), including 138 molecularly confirmed cases spanning 19 disease genes, were analysed. Overall, 6350 muscles were systematically evaluated. Key findings included early biceps femoris short head involvement in GNE myopathy, \"fat pockets\" in myotilinopathy, and early flexor hallucis longus involvement in desminopathy. All imaging patterns showed high sensitivity and specificity (from 75 to 100%). Among the tested machine learning models, XGBoost achieved the highest performance, correctly distinguishing among 11 genetic disease entities with a balanced accuracy of 69%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Distal and myofibrillar myopathies demonstrate reproducible disease-specific imaging signatures with high diagnostic accuracy. Integration of these imaging biomarkers into a machine learning framework enables systematic prioritisation of likely genetic diagnoses and may facilitate diagnostic work-up in these heterogeneous inherited muscle disorders.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Question How accurately do muscle MRI patterns distinguish distal and myofibrillar myopathies, and how do imaging features perform in an updated MRI-based diagnostic algorithm? Findings Disease-specific muscle MRI patterns showed high diagnostic accuracy, while XGBoost achieved the highest balanced accuracy among machine learning models for imaging-based disease classification. Clinical relevance Refined muscle MRI patterns provide diagnostically useful imaging biomarkers in distal and myofibrillar myopathies. Their integration into machine learning-based classification models may facilitate precision diagnostics and guide targeted genetic testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149295702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ESR Essentials: trauma whole-body CT imaging-practice recommendations by the European Society of Emergency Radiology.","authors":"Neil Limaye, Hannah Masraf, Sammy Rostampour, Francesco Macri, Francesca Iacobellis, Katharina Mueller-Peltzer, Marcela de la Hoz Polo, Elizabeth Dick","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-12974-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-026-12974-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Major trauma is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly among children and young adults, and rapid identification of life- or limb-threatening injuries through imaging is crucial. Whole-body CT (WBCT) is central in modern major trauma pathways, enabling early detection of critical findings to guide multidisciplinary decision-making. Our study suggests three evidence-based recommendations for WBCT in major trauma care. First, WBCT protocol selection should be tailored to haemodynamic status and injury mechanism rather than applied as a single universal protocol; incorporating split-bolus, dual-phase and triple-phase techniques, each offering different diagnostic strengths and trade-offs. Special considerations can apply in pregnancy, paediatric patients, and those with contrast allergy, who may require modified imaging strategies. Second, radiologists should play an active role in trauma multidisciplinary team (MDT) care, assisting in protocol adaptation and directly directing the trauma team to life-threatening injuries. Third, systematic, checklist-driven radiological reporting with defined communication pathways improves trauma diagnostics, increases reporting reproducibility and strengthens trauma decision-making. These recommendations are best implemented through locally agreed, mechanism and physiology-based WBCT protocols, supported by trauma-trained radiologists embedded in scanning processes and multidisciplinary trauma care. KEY POINTS: Whole-body CT enables rapid and comprehensive assessment of patients with major trauma and suspected multisystem injury. Radiologists play an active role in trauma team care through real-time CT assessment and early identification of life-threatening injuries. Modern trauma imaging should incorporate standardised, protocol-driven acquisition and structured image interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149295740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI for the detection of hip abductor tendon tears in symptomatic patients with total hip arthroplasty following a lateral surgical approach.","authors":"Adrian A Marth, Matthew Allen, Yuan Liu, Gabby B Joseph, Stefano A Bini, Thomas M Link, Georg C Feuerriegel","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-12856-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-026-12856-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of MRI for detecting clinically suspected hip abductor tendon tears in symptomatic patients after total hip arthroplasty and to evaluate the association between specific MRI features and surgically confirmed tears.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 36 patients with total hip arthroplasty who underwent revision surgery for a suspected abductor tendon tear and had preoperative MRI available. Intraoperative findings served as the reference standard for the presence of partial or full-thickness tears of the gluteus medius (Gmed) and gluteus minimus (Gmin) tendons. Two readers evaluated MRI for tendon integrity (intact, partial-thickness, or full-thickness tear). Associations between tendon defects, peritrochanteric fluid, tendon signal abnormalities, and Gmed/Gmin Goutallier grades with surgical findings were analyzed using regression models to calculate odds ratios (ORs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For detection of abductor tendon tears, Reader 1 achieved sensitivities of 0.86-1.00, specificities of 0.93-1.00, and accuracies of 0.92-0.97, while Reader 2 achieved sensitivities of 0.86-1.00, specificities of 0.90-1.00, and accuracies of 0.89-1.00. Imaging findings associated with partial- or full-thickness tears included tendon defects (Gmed: OR = 35.5, p = 0.007; Gmin: OR = 30.0, p < 0.001), peritrochanteric fluid (Gmed: OR = 64.2, p = 0.01; Gmin: OR = 74.9, p = 0.01), and higher Goutallier grade (Gmed: OR = 2.34, p = 0.03; Gmin: OR = 4.75, p = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MRI demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for detecting surgically confirmed hip abductor tendon tears in this selected symptomatic surgical cohort following total hip arthroplasty. Tendon defects and peritrochanteric fluid were significantly associated with partial- or full-thickness tendon tears.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Question There is limited data on the diagnostic accuracy of MRI for hip abductor tendon tear detection following total hip arthroplasty. Findings MRI demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for detecting surgically confirmed abductor tendon tears in symptomatic patients with total hip arthroplasty. Clinical relevance In symptomatic patients with clinical suspicion of an abductor tendon tear undergoing evaluation for revision surgery, MRI can be used to noninvasively assess the integrity of the abductor tendons after total hip arthroplasty.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149295714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new bone lesion or an aging marrow phenotype? Rethinking bilateral distal femoral sclerosis.","authors":"Atilla Hikmet Cilengir, Berna Dirim Mete","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-13042-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-026-13042-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149295586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shear-wave elastography in rotator cuff tears: a systematic review of measurement properties, tissue-stiffness findings, and clinical interpretability.","authors":"Robert Trybulski, Tomasz Sozański, Adrian Kużdżał, Hsing-Kuo Wang, Gracjan Olaniszyn, Adam Kawczynski","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-13009-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-026-13009-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Shear-wave elastography (SWE) may quantify rotator cuff mechanical properties, but its measurement performance and clinical interpretability remain incompletely established. This work sought to synthesize evidence on the feasibility, measurement properties, and interpretability of rotator cuff SWE in adults with rotator cuff tears (RCTs).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched. Eligible studies were in vivo primary studies in adults (≥ 18 years) with suspected or symptomatic rotator cuff disease in whom partial- or full-thickness RCT was confirmed by an imaging or surgical reference standard, including conventional ultrasound, MRI, CT, or arthroscopy, and/or studies including clinically relevant comparator shoulders or asymptomatic controls. Studies had to use ultrasound SWE with quantitative outputs, including shear-wave speed/velocity or modulus, in the supraspinatus tendon and/or rotator cuff muscles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen SWE studies were retained from 6273 records. Two primarily assessed reliability/repeatability. Intra-rater reproducibility was high in the primary reliability studies, including ICCs > 0.87 and 0.96, whereas inter-rater reproducibility was lower and variable, ranging from ICCs > 0.73 to 0.45. Eleven studies contributed construct-validity or known-groups evidence, one provided strict criterion-validity evidence against intraoperative passive stiffness, and two provided longitudinal postoperative evidence. SWE findings varied across tissue targets, devices, regions of interest, arm positions, comparators, and reference standards. Only one study explicitly defined chronicity, and direct postoperative/prognostic evidence was limited.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SWE appears useful as a complementary quantitative imaging tool for selected rotator cuff tissue-characterization and measurement-property applications. However, inter-rater reproducibility, measurement error, chronicity assessment, and prognostic validity remain insufficiently established.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Question Can shear-wave elastography (SWE) address the unmet need for reliable quantitative rotator cuff tissue assessment beyond conventional imaging in adults with tears? Findings Thirteen studies showed high intra-rater reproducibility but variable inter-rater reproducibility. Evidence for chronicity assessment and prognosis remained sparse and heterogeneous. Clinical relevance SWE may complement ultrasound or MRI by quantifying selected rotator cuff mechanical properties, but current evidence does not justify using it alone to determine tear chronicity, reparability, or prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149295689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Revisiting the clinical significance of lesion conspicuity on contrast-enhanced mammography-a call for discrimination metrics and multicenter validation.","authors":"Shuli Liao, Lanqin Gao","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-12994-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-026-12994-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149295659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}