European Journal of Public Health最新文献_第2页

Independent and combined effect of sitting time and physical activity on all-cause mortality in Spain: a population-based prospective study.

IF 3.7 3区医学

European Journal of Public Health Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaf029

Beatriz Granero-Melcón, Miguel Ángel de la Cámara, Cristina Ortiz, Alejandro Martínez-Portillo, Montserrat Neira-León, Iñaki Galán

{"title":"Independent and combined effect of sitting time and physical activity on all-cause mortality in Spain: a population-based prospective study.","authors":"Beatriz Granero-Melcón, Miguel Ángel de la Cámara, Cristina Ortiz, Alejandro Martínez-Portillo, Montserrat Neira-León, Iñaki Galán","doi":"10.1093/eurpub/ckaf029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaf029","url":null,"abstract":"The extent to which physical activity (PA) may offset the risks associated with sedentarism is not yet well understood. We evaluated the independent and the combined effects of PA and sitting time (ST) on all-cause mortality in the Spanish population. Prospective study with 31 100 participants aged 18-69 years from the 2011-2012 and 2017 National Health Surveys; data were linked to mortality records through December 2022. ST was categorized as ≤4 h/day, >4-6 h/day, and >6 h/day, and PA was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. PA was classified as (i) low, moderate, or high and (ii) adherence to World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. Relative risks (RR) were estimated using Poisson regression models. The median follow-up time was 5.7 years, recording 1128 deaths. Individuals with ST >6 h/day had an RR (95% confidence interval) of 1.60 (1.34; 1.92) compared to those with ST ≤4 h/day. In contrast, those with high vs. low PA had an RR of 0.63 (0.51; 0.79), and those meeting WHO recommendations had an RR of 0.60 (0.50; 0.73). When analyzed jointly, individuals who met recommendations and had low ST, compared to those with moderate and high ST, had estimated RRs of 1.17 (0.75; 1.85) and 1.30 (0.83; 2.05), respectively. Among those who did not meet recommendations, the RR increased to 1.51 (1.19; 1.92), 2.06 (1.59; 2.68), and 2.65 (2.06; 3.42) for low, moderate, and high ST, respectively. PA and ST are independently associated with mortality. The risk associated with sedentarism can be partially offset by being physically active.","PeriodicalId":12059,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Are ethnic inequalities in COVID-19 outcomes mediated by occupation risk? Analyses of a 2-year record linked national cohort study in Scotland.

IF 3.7 3区医学

European Journal of Public Health Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaf025

Eliud Kibuchi, Sarah Amele, Ronan McCabe, Evangelia Demou, Alastair H Leyland, Colin R Simpson, Ting Shi, Patricia Irizar, Laia Becares, Aziz Sheikh, Anna Pearce, Srinivasa V Katikireddi

{"title":"Are ethnic inequalities in COVID-19 outcomes mediated by occupation risk? Analyses of a 2-year record linked national cohort study in Scotland.","authors":"Eliud Kibuchi, Sarah Amele, Ronan McCabe, Evangelia Demou, Alastair H Leyland, Colin R Simpson, Ting Shi, Patricia Irizar, Laia Becares, Aziz Sheikh, Anna Pearce, Srinivasa V Katikireddi","doi":"10.1093/eurpub/ckaf025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaf025","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the extent to which ethnic inequalities in severe COVID-19 (i.e. hospitalization or deaths) are mediated through occupational risk differences. We used a population-based cohort study linking the 2011 Scottish Census to health records. We included all individuals aged 30-64 years and living in Scotland on 1 March 2020. The study period was from 1 March 2020 to 17 April 2022. Self-reported ethnicity was taken from the Census. We derived occupational risk of SARS-COV-2 infection using the 3-digit Standard Occupational Classification (SOC2010). We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) of total effects and controlled direct effects of ethnicity on severe COVID-19 mediated by occupational risk using marginal structural Cox models and subsequent proportional change. For aggregated ethnic groups, Non-White groups experienced a higher risk of severe COVID-19 (HR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4-1.8) compared to White group (all White ethnic groups) which increased to (1.7; 1.4-2.1) after accounting for occupational risk, representing a 6.0% change. For disaggregated ethnic groups, risks for South Asian (2.0; 1.8-2.3), African, Caribbean, or Black (1.3; 0.9-1.7) and Other ethnic groups (1.1; 0.9-1.3) were higher compared to White Scottish. After accounting for occupational risk, estimated risk of severe COVID-19 remained elevated for South Asian (1.8; 1.2-2.3), African Caribbean or Black (1.4; 0.8-2.1) and Other ethnic group (1.7; 1.1-2.3) representing a reduction of 11.8% and increases of 16.4% and 59.0%, respectively. Our findings suggest that ethnic inequalities in severe COVID-19 were impacted by differences in occupational risk.","PeriodicalId":12059,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect on attendance of the requirement to confirm a pre-scheduled appointment in a population-based mammography screening programme.

IF 3.7 3区医学

European Journal of Public Health Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaf028

Mathijs Goossens, Thuy Ngan Tran

{"title":"The effect on attendance of the requirement to confirm a pre-scheduled appointment in a population-based mammography screening programme.","authors":"Mathijs Goossens, Thuy Ngan Tran","doi":"10.1093/eurpub/ckaf028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaf028","url":null,"abstract":"The European Commission Initiative on Breast Cancer recommends pre-scheduled appointments to enhance attendance in population-based mammography screening programmes (PMSP). Pre-scheduled appointments often lead to no-shows, resulting in inefficient use of time and staff in screening units. Requiring women to confirm their appointments can reduce no-shows but might negatively impact attendance. We conducted a non-interventional study to assess the impact of requiring confirmation on attendance rates. The study involved 291 127 women aged 50-69 invited to PMSP between 1 June 2022 and 31 May 2023. Propensity scores were used to match women who were required to confirm their pre-scheduled appointments (exposure) 1:1 with those who were not required to confirm (comparator). This was done separately in four strata based on screening history: first-time invitees, regular attendees, irregular attendees, and non-attendees. Logistic regression with generalized estimating equations was used to analyse the effect of the exposure on attendance within 60 days, separately for each stratum. If first-time invitees were obliged to confirm their pre-scheduled appointment, their attendance was 19% lower [odds ratio (OR) 0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76-0.86]. The impact on regular attendees (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92-0.99), irregular attendees (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89-0.99), and non-attendees (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.90-1.01) was minimal or non-significant. Requiring confirmation poses a barrier for first-time invitees but has little effect on those with previous screening history. Limiting confirmation requirements to women with prior invitations could optimize resource use in screening units without a notable decrease in attendance rates.","PeriodicalId":12059,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Innovation leadership perspective in public health.

IF 3.7 3区医学

European Journal of Public Health Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae217

Moredreck Chibi, Gauden Galea

引用次数: 0

Developing evidence-based, values-driven skills: WHO-ISPED European public health leadership course 2023.

IF 3.7 3区医学

European Journal of Public Health Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae189

Geneviève Chêne, Mili Spahic, Joao Breda, Katarzyna Czabanowska

引用次数: 0

Public health competencies: what does the next generation of professionals deem important?

IF 3.7 3区医学

European Journal of Public Health Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae201

Monica-Georgiana Brînzac, Marieke Verschuuren, Lore Leighton, Robert Otok

{"title":"Public health competencies: what does the next generation of professionals deem important?","authors":"Monica-Georgiana Brînzac, Marieke Verschuuren, Lore Leighton, Robert Otok","doi":"10.1093/eurpub/ckae201","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurpub/ckae201","url":null,"abstract":"To adequately address many complex societal challenges, the public health workforce needs to learn new competencies. It is of particular interest to know what young people consider important in this regard, as they represent the future generation of public health professionals. Public health students and early career professionals in Europe were asked by means of an online questionnaire which of the competencies included in the 2020 WHO-ASPHER Competency Framework for the Public Health Workforce in the European Region they deemed most important for their future careers, and how well prepared they felt to execute these competencies in practice. In total, 127 respondents were included from 25 countries. They ranked Promoting health, Science and practice, and Leadership and systems thinking as the most important competency areas for their future careers. The first two were also the competencies for which the respondents felt best prepared, while they felt less prepared for Leadership and systems thinking. Other competencies that they felt less prepared for were Law, policies, and ethics; Governance and resource management; and One health and health security. This study shows a mismatch between what young professionals deem most important and what they feel best prepared for. The respondents did not feel well prepared for several competencies that are vital for a well-equipped future public health workforce. Public health in Europe would benefit from a unified public health curriculum that implies a list of mandatory competencies and a closer collaboration between academia with students and young professionals and the public health sector.","PeriodicalId":12059,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Public Health","volume":"35 Supplement_2","pages":"ii11-ii16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11933798/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Competency-based and problem-based learning methodologies: the WHO and ISS European Public Health Leadership Course.

IF 3.7 3区医学

European Journal of Public Health Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae178

Donatella Barbina, Joao Breda, Alfonso Mazzaccara, Alessandra Di Pucchio, Guglielmo Arzilli, Camilla Fasano, Christos Triantafyllou, Thanos Myloneros, Carlo Signorelli, Silvia Stacchini, Stefania Bocci, Lucia Dell' Amura, Gaetano Pierpaolo Privitera, Luigi Bertinato, Natasha Azzopardi-Muscat, Silvio Brusaferro

{"title":"Competency-based and problem-based learning methodologies: the WHO and ISS European Public Health Leadership Course.","authors":"Donatella Barbina, Joao Breda, Alfonso Mazzaccara, Alessandra Di Pucchio, Guglielmo Arzilli, Camilla Fasano, Christos Triantafyllou, Thanos Myloneros, Carlo Signorelli, Silvia Stacchini, Stefania Bocci, Lucia Dell' Amura, Gaetano Pierpaolo Privitera, Luigi Bertinato, Natasha Azzopardi-Muscat, Silvio Brusaferro","doi":"10.1093/eurpub/ckae178","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurpub/ckae178","url":null,"abstract":"The WHO European Programme of Work, 2020-2025 'United Action for Better Health in Europe', backed up by the Regional Director's vision, recognizes the need to invest in public health leadership towards addressing the multifaceted public health challenges in the WHO European Region. The WHO Regional Office for Europe in collaboration with the Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità-ISS) developed the first European Public Health Leadership Course to support Member States in building their capacity. The course was delivered in blended modality over a period of 3 weeks (7-25 November 2022). It was structured according to the Competency-Based Education model and Problem-Based Learning methodology. Data analyses were conducted on the cohort of the course's 'Completers'. The formative assessment was conducted by a pre-post training questionnaire, while the summative assessment included three evaluation tools, in which participants were required to get a minimum overall mean score of 75/100 to pass the course. Thirty-eight participants passed all the summative tests out of 39 enrolled. The analysis of the multiple-choice questions showed an increase in knowledge. Survey results showed a high level of satisfaction. The course offered a mix of both theoretical and practical approaches, allowing participants to gain in-depth knowledge and develop skills that can be applied in their daily work. The successful completion of the course is expected to promote the development of the public health workforce in the eastern and southern parts of the WHO European Region.","PeriodicalId":12059,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Public Health","volume":"35 Supplement_2","pages":"ii21-ii28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11933797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The future of public health: a vision grounded in data and values.

IF 3.7 3区医学

European Journal of Public Health Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae177

Sandro Galea

引用次数: 0

Restoring trust in public health: communications lessons from person-centered health care.

IF 3.7 3区医学

European Journal of Public Health Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae151

Robert Steiner, Seema Yasmin

引用次数: 0

Communication in the infodemic: building communication competencies for effective public health leadership.