European Journal of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"The effect of the 'Every Mind Matters' campaign on mental health literacy: the moderating roles of socioeconomic status and ethnicity.","authors":"Amy Ronaldson, Kia-Chong Chua, Jane Hahn, Claire Henderson","doi":"10.1093/eurpub/ckaf020","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurpub/ckaf020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We previously reported short-lived improvements in mental health literacy following the Every Mind Matters campaign, followed by a return to baseline levels. In this study, we aimed to examine whether either socioeconomic status or ethnicity moderated these improvements. We conducted regression analyses on a nationally representative, repeated cross-sectional dataset of nine survey waves from September 2019 to March 2022. Interaction terms (ethnicity*wave, socioeconomic status*wave) were entered into regression models to assess the moderating effect of these variables. Where significant interactions emerged, we obtained marginal estimates and plotted them for ease of interpretation. We found no evidence that improvements seen in mental health literacy following the launch of Every Mind Matters were moderated by ethnicity or socioeconomic status. Over time, there was some evidence of lower scores relating to symptoms recognition, knowledge of actions to improve mental health, and desire for social distance (stigma) among adults of lower socioeconomic status, which converged again for symptom recognition. These findings suggest that while a web resource can empower people and improve mental health literacy, in relation to ethnicity and socioeconomic status, it may be that while this can avoid a widening of inequalities it is insufficient to lead to a narrowing of them.</p>","PeriodicalId":12059,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"366-372"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143500009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of reminders on representativeness and survey estimates among web-mode invited in the Danish National Health Survey.","authors":"Andrea Huber Jezek, Ola Ekholm, Lau Caspar Thygesen, Anne Illemann Christensen","doi":"10.1093/eurpub/ckae176","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurpub/ckae176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Declining response proportions in health surveys may lead to increased non-response bias. Multiple reminders are often used to increase response proportions, and, thus, we aimed to determine if the use of reminders decreased the magnitude of non-response bias among web-mode invited in the Danish National Health Survey 2023. In the Danish National Health Survey 2023, a national random sample of 23 467 individuals (aged ≥16 years) with residence in Denmark were invited by a secure electronic mail service. Invited individuals received up to five inquiries: (i) web invitation, (ii) web reminder, (iii) paper invitation including a questionnaire and a prepaid return envelope, (iv) paper reminder, and (v) paper reminder including a questionnaire and a prepaid return envelope. The cumulative response proportions after first-, second-, third-, fourth-, and fifth inquiries were 19.1%, 28.9%, 37.2%, 39.3%, and 42.0%, respectively. In general, third, fourth, and fifth mailing respondents were more often men, at younger ages, with non-Western backgrounds, and unmarried compared to first mailing respondents. Furthermore, third, fourth, and fifth mailing respondents were in general found to have less favorable health behavior than first mailing respondents, but also a lower prevalence of fair or poor self-rated health and long-standing health problems. In conlusion, reminders are an effective way to increase the response proportion. Furthermore, the use of reminders was found to decrease the magnitude of non-response bias; however, the decrease was small due to the low number of individuals responding after fourth and fifth inquiries.</p>","PeriodicalId":12059,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"256-262"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142617533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Community Acute Respiratory Infection surveillance programme: an evaluation of a newly established surveillance programme in Scotland.","authors":"Tonje S Laird, Mark Hamilton, Catriona Oliver, Fatima Sadiq, Yomna Moawad, Josie Evans","doi":"10.1093/eurpub/ckae200","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurpub/ckae200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Community Acute Respiratory Infection (CARI) surveillance programme, established by Public Health Scotland (PHS) in November 2021, aims to monitor respiratory infections in communities, replacing prior schemes to ensure early detection of outbreaks and inform public health interventions. Positioned as a cornerstone of PHS's national infectious respiratory diseases plan, CARI is pivotal for safeguarding public health. This study presents key findings from the 2022/23 CARI season and evaluates the programme's performance during this period. CARI uses a network of sentinel general practitioner (GP) practices across Scotland to monitor patients with acute respiratory infection symptoms, employing multiplex polymerase chain reaction testing for 10 common pathogens. Results are linked to enhanced surveillance data, providing insights into infection trends during the season. The evaluation comprised an online GP survey and a quantitative assessment of programme performance. In the 2022/23 season, 180 GP practices participated in CARI, testing 15,823 samples. Swab positivity peaked in December 2022, driven by a large spike in influenza A activity. The evaluation showed that CARI is highly useful, with positive feedback on simplicity, flexibility, and acceptability. Representativeness varied across health boards and age groups. Despite occasional laboratory processing delays, data quality remained good, with timely reporting and stable participation. CARI reflected patterns in infections observed in secondary care in Scotland and Europe, providing valuable insights into disease patterns and impact. It also provided timely intelligence to key decision-makers, enabling prompt public health response. Changes for the 2023/24 season aim to further optimize the programme.</p>","PeriodicalId":12059,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"282-289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing personalized medicine: key priorities for clinical studies and funding systems based on a Europe-China collaborative Delphi survey.","authors":"Tommaso Osti, Cosimo Savoia, Sara Farina, Flavia Beccia, Francesco Andrea Causio, Lily Wang, Wenya Wang, Carmen Fotino, Chiara Cadeddu, Walter Ricciardi, Stefania Boccia","doi":"10.1093/eurpub/ckaf004","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurpub/ckaf004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Personalized medicine (PM) has the potential to revolutionize healthcare by delivering treatments tailored to individual patients based on their unique characteristics. However, ensuring its effective implementation presents complex challenges, particularly in terms of long-term sustainability. To address these challenges, the IC2PerMed project fosters collaboration between the European Union and China. This study, building on insights from the project, aims to identify key priorities for advancing PM, focusing on Clinical Studies and Funding Systems, with special attention to optimizing resource management, distribution, and protection to support sustainable development. A two-round Delphi survey was conducted to achieve consensus on common priorities among China and Europe related to Clinical Studies and Funding Systems. Consensus was measured using the Content Validity Index, requiring an agreement level of 80% or higher for item inclusion. The survey identified 20 key priorities in PM research, split evenly between research initiatives and funding mechanisms. Notable priorities include developing technology for deep phenotyping, standardizing methodological approaches, and fostering public-private collaborations. In funding, the emphasis was placed on involving patient voices in research design and establishing synergies among funders to support larger projects. The findings underscore the importance of structured collaboration between Europe and China in advancing personalised medicine. By addressing identified priorities in research and funding, this initiative can significantly enhance the efficacy of PM, ultimately improving healthcare outcomes globally. The study sets a precedent for future international partnerships aimed at fostering innovation in health sciences.</p>","PeriodicalId":12059,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"209-215"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stillbirth rate trends across 25 European countries between 2010 and 2021: the contribution of maternal age and multiplicity.","authors":"Maxi S Kniffka, Jonas Schöley, Susie Lee, Loes C M Bertens, Jasper V Been, Jóhanna Gunnarsdóttir","doi":"10.1093/eurpub/ckae214","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurpub/ckae214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stillbirth rates have stalled or increased in some European countries during the last decade. We investigate to what extent time-trends and between-country differences in stillbirth rates are explained by the changing prevalence of advanced maternal age and teenage pregnancies or multiple births. We analysed data on stillbirths and live births by maternal age and multiplicity from 2010 to 2021 in 25 European countries using Kitagawa decomposition to separate rate differences into compositional and rate components. Rates significantly decreased in six countries, but increased in two. Changes in maternal age structure reduced national stillbirth rates by a maximum of 0.04 per 1000 in the Netherlands and increased rates by up to 0.85 in Cyprus. Changes in the prevalence of multiple births decreased rates by up to 0.19 in the Netherlands and increased rates by up to 0.01 across multiple countries. Maternal age differences explained between 0.11 of the below-European average stillbirth rate in Belgium and 0.13 of the above-average rate in Ireland. Excluding Cyprus, differences in multiple births explained between 0.05 of the below-average rate in Malta and 0.03 of the above-average rate in Ireland. For most countries, the increase in advanced-age pregnancies contributed to rising stillbirth rates over time, while reductions in multiples led to decreases in rates. However, large parts of the trends remain unexplained by those factors. By 2021, neither factor explained the differences between countries, due to increased compositional uniformity and declining stillbirth risk for advanced maternal age.</p>","PeriodicalId":12059,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"319-327"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect on attendance of the requirement to confirm a pre-scheduled appointment in a population-based mammography screening programme.","authors":"Mathijs Goossens, Thuy Ngan Tran","doi":"10.1093/eurpub/ckaf028","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurpub/ckaf028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The European Commission Initiative on Breast Cancer recommends pre-scheduled appointments to enhance attendance in population-based mammography screening programmes (PMSP). Pre-scheduled appointments often lead to no-shows, resulting in inefficient use of time and staff in screening units. Requiring women to confirm their appointments can reduce no-shows but might negatively impact attendance. We conducted a non-interventional study to assess the impact of requiring confirmation on attendance rates. The study involved 291 127 women aged 50-69 invited to PMSP between 1 June 2022 and 31 May 2023. Propensity scores were used to match women who were required to confirm their pre-scheduled appointments (exposure) 1:1 with those who were not required to confirm (comparator). This was done separately in four strata based on screening history: first-time invitees, regular attendees, irregular attendees, and non-attendees. Logistic regression with generalized estimating equations was used to analyse the effect of the exposure on attendance within 60 days, separately for each stratum. If first-time invitees were obliged to confirm their pre-scheduled appointment, their attendance was 19% lower [odds ratio (OR) 0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76-0.86]. The impact on regular attendees (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92-0.99), irregular attendees (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89-0.99), and non-attendees (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.90-1.01) was minimal or non-significant. Requiring confirmation poses a barrier for first-time invitees but has little effect on those with previous screening history. Limiting confirmation requirements to women with prior invitations could optimize resource use in screening units without a notable decrease in attendance rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":12059,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"353-358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the AZD1222 vaccine against COVID-19 hospitalization in Europe: final results from the COVIDRIVE test-negative case-control study.","authors":"Leonie de Munter, Wilhelmine Meeraus, Akshat Dwivedi, Marianna Mitratza, Chloé Wyndham-Thomas, Lucy Carty, Mario Ouwens, Wendy Hartig-Merkel, Laura Drikite, Griet Rebry, Irma Casas, Ainara Mira-Iglesias, Giancarlo Icardi, Susana Otero-Romero, Sebastian Baumgartner, Charlotte Martin, Xavier Holemans, Gerrit Luit Ten Kate, Kaatje Bollaerts, Sylvia Taylor","doi":"10.1093/eurpub/ckae219","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurpub/ckae219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Marketing authorization holders of vaccines typically need to report brand-specific vaccine effectiveness (VE) to the regulatory authorities as part of their regulatory obligations. COVIDRIVE (now id. DRIVE) is a European public-private partnership for respiratory pathogen surveillance and studies of brand-specific VE with long-term follow-up. We report the final VE results from a two-dose primary series AZD1222 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) vaccine schedule in ≥18-year-old individuals not receiving boosters. Patients (N = 1,333) hospitalized with severe acute respiratory infection at 14 hospitals in Austria, Belgium, Italy, and Spain were included in the test-negative case-control study in 2021-2023. Absolute VE was calculated using generalized additive model (GAM), generalized estimating equation (GEE), and spline-based area under the curve (AUC, measuring VE up to 6 months after the last dose of AZD1222). Overall VE (against coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19] hospitalization) of an AZD1222 primary series was estimated as 65% using GEE (95% confidence interval [CI]: 52.9-74.5), and 69% using GAM (95% CI: 50.1-80.9) over the 22-month study period (comparator group: unvaccinated patients). The AUC of the spline-based VE estimate was 74.1% (95% CI: 60.0-88.3). VE against hospitalization in study participants who received their second AZD1222 dose 2 months or less before hospitalization was 86% using GEE (95% CI: 77.8-91.4), 93% using GAM (95% CI: 67.2-98.6). During this study period, where mainly the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Omicron variant was circulating, a two-dose primary series AZD1222 vaccination conferred protection against COVID-19 hospitalization up to at least 6 months after the last dose.</p>","PeriodicalId":12059,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"373-378"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social inequalities in the effects of school-based well-being interventions: a systematic review.","authors":"Eetu Haataja, Heidi Leppä, Mikko Huhtiniemi, Rozenn Nedelec, Tiina Soini, Timo Jaakkola, Mika Niemelä, Tuija Tammelin, Marko Kantomaa","doi":"10.1093/eurpub/ckaf005","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurpub/ckaf005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rising public concern about comprehensive child and adolescent well-being has led to the development of school-based interventions with the potential for high-reaching and effective support. While some interventions have shown effectiveness, limited understanding exists regarding how social inequalities are considered and evidenced in such interventions. This study examines how social inequalities are considered in universal school-based interventions and their potential to affect inequalities through differential effects. A systematic review following the PRISMA protocol was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, ProQuest and APA PsycArticles. Studies published between 2014 and 2023 were included. Screening and data extraction were conducted independently by two researchers. Of 10 028 initial articles, 44 were included in the final analysis. These studies primarily involved physical activity and mindfulness interventions in schools. Despite many studies including information regarding students' social backgrounds, such as socioeconomic position and immigrant background, the analysis of differential intervention effects among demographic groups was limited and mostly based on sex. Most differential effect analyses showed no significant differences based on social background, and no clear differences were found based on intervention type. While some universal school-based interventions show promise in reducing social inequalities in students' well-being, more empirical research is needed to explicitly target these questions. This review highlights the critical need for comprehensive intervention studies to consider and report relevant dimensions of social background and their interactions with intervention effects.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>PROSPERO; registration no. CRD42023423448.</p>","PeriodicalId":12059,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"302-311"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalent findings on low-dose CT scan lung cancer screening: a French prospective pilot study.","authors":"Philippe A Grenier, Maxence Arutkin, Anne Laure Brun, Anne-Cécile Métivier, Edouard Sage, Franck Haziza, Félix Ackermann, François Mellot, Alexandre Vallée","doi":"10.1093/eurpub/ckae183","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurpub/ckae183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite significant therapeutic advances, lung cancer remains the biggest killer among cancers. In France, there is no national screening program against lung cancer. Thus, in this perspective, the Foch Hospital decided to implement a pilot and clinical low-dose CT screening program to evaluate the efficiency of such screening. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalent findings of this low-dose CT screening program. Participants were recruited in the screening program through general practitioners (GPs), pharmacists, and specialists from June 2023 to June 2024. The inclusion criteria included male or female participants aged 50 to 80 years, current smokers or former smokers who had quit less than 15 years prior, with a smoking history of over 20 pack-years. Chest CT scans were conducted at Foch Hospital using a low-dose CT protocol based on volume mode with a multi-slice scanner (≥60 slices) without contrast injection. In total, 477 participants were recruited in the CT scan screening, 235 (49%) were males with a median age of 60 years [56-67] and 35 smoke pack-years [29-44] and 242 females (51%) with a median age of 60 years [55-60] and 30 smoke pack-years [25-40]. Eight participants showed positive nodules on CT scan, as a 1.7% rate. 66.7% of diagnosed cancers were in early stages (0-I). It is feasible to implement structured lung cancer screening using low-dose CT in a real-world setting among the general population. This approach successfully identifies most early-stage cancers that could be treated curatively.</p>","PeriodicalId":12059,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"342-346"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142681294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why the European Journal of Public Health and EUPHA are opposing President Trump's attack on the language of diversity.","authors":"Peter Allebeck, Tit Albreht, Charlotte Marchandise, Martin McKee","doi":"10.1093/eurpub/ckaf018","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurpub/ckaf018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12059,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"195-196"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}