European Journal of Psychotraumatology最新文献

{"title":"A neurocognitive account of complex PTSD: self-modelling, affective dysregulation, and implications for MDMA-assisted and targeted psychotherapies.","authors":"Philip Gerrans, Hugh Mcgovern, Jakob Hohwy, Lena K L Oestreich","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2631358","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2631358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) is a trauma-related condition characterized by pervasive disturbances in affect regulation, self-concept, and interpersonal functioning that extend beyond the symptom profile of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). While neurobiological studies have implicated limbic, salience, and prefrontal systems in C-PTSD, mechanistic accounts linking these findings to disturbances in self-organization and treatment-relevant processes remain underdeveloped.<b>Objective</b>: This narrative review develops a hypothesis-generating neurocognitive account of C-PTSD grounded in predictive processing and self-modelling frameworks, with particular emphasis on affective dysregulation and disturbances in self-organization.<b>Method</b>: We synthesize clinical, neurobiological, and theoretical evidence to conceptualize PTSD and C-PTSD along a continuum of regulatory stability, and to advance a conceptual model highlighting the role of insula-mediated self-modelling processes. Within this framework, we examine 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted psychotherapy, as one illustrative intervention that may transiently modulate affective salience, interpersonal trust, and self-referential cognition.<b>Results</b>: The proposed model integrates converging evidence linking insular function to interoception, affective experience, salience processing, and self-referential cognition, and situates disturbances in self-organization as emerging from maladaptive predictive regulation under conditions of prolonged interpersonal adversity. This framework helps reconcile overlapping neurobiological findings across PTSD and C-PTSD while accounting for differences in symptom generalization, relational threat processing, and affective stability.<b>Conclusions</b>: This review delineates a set of testable, mechanistically grounded hypotheses concerning the role of self-modelling processes in C-PTSD. These hypotheses generate specific predictions for future empirical work and inform the design and evaluation of pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions that aim to recalibrate affective regulation and self-referential processing in complex trauma presentations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2631358"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13003871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147480151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body dysmorphic disorder in Lebanese dermatology patients: prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, stress, and trauma in a multitraumatized population.","authors":"Jinane El Khoury, Elissa Bader, Marwa Hallal, Pascale Salameh, Raneem Abed El Sater, Micheline Maamari, Maya Habre, Rami Abadi, Grace Obeid, Jihane Abou Rahal, Rudy Abi-Habib","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2657143","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2657143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a psychiatric condition marked by an intense preoccupation with perceived flaws in physical appearance that are minimal or unobservable to others. Given Lebanon's prolonged exposure to cumulative traumatic stress, the country represents a uniquely vulnerable setting in which to explore the interplay between psychological distress and BDD.<b>Objectives:</b> This study aims to: (1) investigate the prevalence of BDD among patients attending dermatology clinics in Lebanon; (2) examine the association between BDD and depression, anxiety, stress, and trauma in a multitraumatized society; and (3) explore the insight of patients with BDD regarding their perceived flaws.<b>Method:</b> We screened for BDD in Lebanese dermatology clinics using the Arabic Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (ABDDQ) and examined its association with depression, anxiety, and stress using the 21-Item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Trauma exposure was assessed using Criterion A of the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5).<b>Results:</b> BDD was diagnosed in 7.6% of 472 participants in cosmetic and dermatology clinics combined. Participants with BDD were found to have significantly higher scores for anxiety (<i>p</i> < .001), depression (<i>p</i> < .001), stress (<i>p</i> < .001), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms (<i>p</i> < .001) on bivariate analysis. BDD was significantly associated with younger age, being single, student status, and trauma exposure. Higher BDD symptom severity correlated with greater psychological distress and lower insight (<i>p</i> < .001).<b>Conclusion:</b> This study reveals a 7.6% prevalence of BDD among Lebanese dermatology patients, closely linked to psychological distress, trauma, and poor insight, emphasizing the need for mental health screening and culturally appropriate diagnostic tools in dermatological care.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2657143"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13215430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148014051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase-based versus non-phase-based psychological interventions for complex PTSD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Yongjun Lee, Subin Park, Young-Eun Cho","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2644112","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2644112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Since complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) was incorporated to the International Classification of Diseases-11th revision (ICD-11), the construct has drawn increasing attention in clinical research due to its debilitating effects across multiple domains of functioning. However, whether stabilization (Phase 1) is necessary before exposure to traumatic memories (Phase 2) remains controversial.<b>Objective:</b> We examined whether phase-based interventions are more effective than non-phase-based interventions in reducing symptoms of CPTSD.<b>Methods:</b> On 17 June 2025, we searched the Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, PTSDpubs, Scopus, and Web of Science as well as South Korean databases, including the Korean Citation Index, the Research Information Sharing Service, DataBase Periodical Information Academic (DBPia), and ScienceON. Randomized controlled trials of psychological interventions for individuals with clinically significant CPTSD symptoms or PTSD with at least two of the 'disturbances in self-organization' (DSO) symptom clusters were eligible. We used Hedges' <i>g</i> to pool effect sizes and performed subgroup analyses using Cochran's <i>Q</i> test. We assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Assessment 2 tool.<b>Results:</b> Across most outcomes, we observed no significant differences between phase- and non-phase-based interventions, between multi-phase and single-phase interventions, or between exposure and non-exposure interventions. However, multi-phase interventions had superior effects on PTSD, while phase-based, multi-phase, and exposure interventions showed greater improvements in DSO - affect regulation compared to their counterparts.<b>Conclusions:</b> This study was limited by the small number of available trials, single time-point, and heterogeneity in outcome measures, which constrained both the detection of subgroup differences and the precision of effect size estimates. Our findings provide empirical evidence for the current discourse, suggesting that non-phase-based and non-exposure-based interventions can be as effective as structured approaches in many contexts, while some outcomes may still benefit from phase-, multi-modular-, or exposure-based designs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2644112"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13063326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147632808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Living on behalf of a lost only child: a unique grief coping strategy for China's <i>shidu</i> parents.","authors":"Yudi Zhang, Wenyi Zheng","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2676504","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2676504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Bereaved parents face substantial mental health risks. In addition to seeking help from mental health professionals, bereaved parents often adopt their own grief coping strategies. Among these, some Chinese parents who have lost their only child (<i>shidu</i> parents) adopt a unique, culturally shaped coping strategy known as 'living on behalf of the child.'<b>Methods:</b> A purposive sampling method was used in this study to invite <i>shidu</i> parents who were living on behalf of the child to participate in interviews. In total, 10 interviewees were included in the analysis; specifically, 8 participated by telephone, and 2 participated face-to-face. A thematic analysis was performed to code the data and extract themes.<b>Results:</b> For China's <i>shidu</i> parents, living on behalf of the child refers to doing what the child was doing when the child was still alive, doing things that the child wanted to do but had not been able to do, fulfilling the child's unmet responsibilities, maintaining relationships with the child's friends, and experiencing life from the child's perspective. This approach supports <i>shidu</i> parents by helping them regain a sense of purpose in life, improve their emotional stability, and increase their level of interpersonal support; however, it may also increase their level of life stress.<b>Conclusion:</b> As a culturally unique grief coping strategy, living on behalf of the child is practiced among <i>shidu</i> parents as they adjust part of their identity from being parents to being children. This strategy facilitates meaning reconstruction among <i>shidu</i> parents. The effects of this strategy on <i>shidu</i> parents are mainly positive. However, some negative effects can also occur, which makes finding an appropriate balance necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2676504"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13250874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148210640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and proof-of-concept of a treatment target recommendation algorithm in the context of cognitive processing therapy.","authors":"Philip Held, Dale L Smith, Sarah A Pridgen","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2623713","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2623713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) is an effective, widely supported treatment for PTSD, but patient response varies considerably. Optimally targeting maladaptive trauma-related beliefs (stuck points) may significantly enhance treatment outcomes. This study evaluated the feasibility of developing a recommendation algorithm that helps clinicians identify specific patient-endorsed stuck points, which, when effectively restructured, could lead to greater reductions in PTSD symptoms.<b>Methods:</b> Data were drawn from 898 veterans and service members participating in a two-week CPT-based accelerated PTSD treatment programme. Measures administered at pre-, mid-, and post-treatment included the Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory (PTCI), PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Patients were clustered at pre- and mid-treatment using K-means based on their PCL-5 subscores and PHQ-9 and PTCI item endorsement profiles. Within each cluster, random forest and elastic net regression models identified PTCI items most predictive of PTSD symptom reductions. The algorithm's predictive utility was illustrated through simulated patient cases.<b>Results:</b> Machine learning models identified specific PTCI items within each cluster that appeared most predictive of PTSD symptom reductions. Simulations indicated that targeting these algorithm-selected cognitions could yield an additional 5-7 points improvement on the PCL-5 by mid-treatment, with further improvements of 4-6 points thereafter. Overall, following the algorithm's personalised recommendations could theoretically result in approximately 11 additional points of symptom reduction on the PCL-5 beyond expected standard improvements.<b>Conclusions:</b> This study demonstrates the feasibility of developing a data-driven recommendation algorithm that personalises CPT by identifying the most impactful stuck points to target. Prospective clinical trials are necessary to validate the algorithm's effectiveness, establish clinical utility, and facilitate implementation into routine care.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2623713"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12927400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146226201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posttraumatic growth and depreciation among Ukrainians: a structural equation modelling approach.","authors":"Mariia Mezhenska, Craig S Neumann, Ateka A Contractor","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2682628","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2682628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> War-related stressors can disrupt core beliefs and shape trauma outcomes, yet the distinct roles of moral processes in post-traumatic outcomes remain insufficiently understood.<b>Objective:</b> To examine how war-related stressors (WRS) and core-belief disruption (CBD) relate to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, moral injury (MI), moral sensitivity (MS), posttraumatic growth (PTG), and posttraumatic depreciation (PTD) among Ukrainian adults living under ongoing war.<b>Method:</b> A national sample of adults residing in Ukraine in 2025 (<i>N</i> = 6,340) was assessed for WRS, CBD, PTSD symptoms, MI, MS, PTG, and PTD. Scalar measurement invariance across gender and combat-exposure groups was established. Structural equation modelling was applied to test direct and indirect pathways from WRS and CBD to PTG and PTD through PTSD symptoms, MI, and MS.<b>Results:</b> WRS and CBD explained substantial variance in PTSD (<i>R</i>² = .69), MI (<i>R</i>² = .37), and MS (<i>R</i>² = .33). MI and MS showed divergent predictive patterns: MI uniquely predicted PTD (<i>β</i> ≈ .36) but not PTG (<i>β</i> ≈ .06), whereas MS predicted PTG (<i>β</i> ≈ .42) but not PTD (<i>β</i> ≈ .03). Indirect pathways indicated that WRS and CBD were associated with higher PTD primarily through PTSD and MI, while their associations with PTG were mainly mediated by MS, with a smaller contribution from PTSD. The model accounted for significant variance in PTG (<i>R</i>² = .35) and PTD (<i>R</i>² = .48).<b>Conclusions:</b> Moral injury and moral sensitivity represent distinct processes associated with depreciative and growth-related posttraumatic change. Under ongoing war conditions, moral sensitivity functions as an adaptive pathway linked to PTG, whereas moral injury functions as a risk pathway linked to PTD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2682628"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13292300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148307566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cumulative trauma, neural circuits, and burnout: an integrative model of healthcare worker post-traumatic stress syndromes.","authors":"Adrienne A Taren, Martin P Paulus","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2636453","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2636453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Frontline healthcare workers (HCWs) experience unique patterns of repeated, chronic, and unpredictable traumatic event exposure, coupled with physiologic stress in the setting of shift-work circadian rhythm disruption, contributing to high rates of post-traumatic stress syndromes (PTSS) and substantial workforce and economic burden. The neurobiology underlying HCW-specific risk remains incompletely understood.<b>Objective:</b> To synthesise epidemiological, neuroimaging, physiological, and interventional evidence into a mechanistic model of HCW PTSS and to identify priorities for biomarker-guided prevention and care.<b>Method:</b> Literature for this narrative review was identified through a comprehensive search of peer-reviewed articles in PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar up to May 2025. Studies were included if they addressed (1) the epidemiology of PTSD in healthcare settings, (2) risk and protective factors specific to occupational trauma exposure, (3) neural, physiological, or molecular mechanisms associated with stress-related disorders in trauma-exposed personnel, or (4) interventions targeting PTSD/PTSS in HCWs and first responder populations.<b>Results:</b> Across studies, PTSS prevalence among HCWs is variable (≈15-74%). Repeated, chronic, and unpredictable occupational trauma, exacerbated by circadian disruption, appears to destabilise frontal-limbic circuits and systemic stress pathways, culminating in allostatic overload. Converging data suggest that multimodal biomarkers, including resting-state and task-evoked fMRI metrics, MR spectroscopy, heart rate variability, sleep architecture, cortisol and inflammatory indices can identify prodromal dysregulation and define risk stratification.<b>Conclusions:</b> Longitudinal, multimodal cohort designs are critically needed to track trajectories and evaluate neuroscientifically-informed treatment modalities for PTSS in this population. Framing HCW PTSS as an occupational neurobiological injury highlights the need to identify and prevent functional decline. A biomarker-guided strategy that links brain-circuit measures with autonomic, sleep, and molecular indices may offer a path to earlier identification, precision interventions, and improved outcomes for a critically at-need population that is essential to our workforce.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2636453"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12997488/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147480161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of functional impairment related to post-traumatic stress in children and adolescents: a systematic review.","authors":"Alexandra J Vogt, Markus A Landolt, Ingeborg Skjærvø, Rahel M Hermann, Elisa Pfeiffer, Cedric Sachser, Lasse Bartels","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2668980","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2668980","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often impairs children's and adolescents' functioning across different life domains. Significant functional impairment is a diagnostic criterion for PTSD in both the DSM-5 and the ICD-11, but the methods in terms of domains covered and scoring rules to assess functional impairments are quite inconsistent.<b>Objective:</b> This systematic review evaluates instruments specifically designed to assess post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), PTSS modules within diagnostic interviews, and generic functional impairment measures used to capture PTSS-related functional impairment in children and adolescents.<b>Method:</b> A systematic search was conducted across six databases for studies published between January 2010 and November 2025. Eligible papers included the development or psychometric evaluation of PTSS-specific measures, PTSS modules in diagnostic interview, and generic functional impairment measures validated in samples exposed to trauma or adverse childhood experiences. Data were extracted and categorized based on assessed content domains, scoring methods, and psychometric properties, with results stratified by age group (6 years and younger versus 7 years and older).<b>Results:</b> From 3519 records, 30 papers met the inclusion criteria. Thirteen PTSS-specific instruments, one diagnostic interview module, and one generic functional impairment measure were identified. Together, these instruments assessed 11 different life domains, although considerable variation existed in the domains covered across tools. Scoring methods also varied, with approximately half using dichotomous response formats and the remainder using multi-categorical scales. Psychometric properties of the functional impairment scales were reported in only 20.7% of publications.<b>Conclusion:</b> Current tools for assessing PTSS-related functional impairment in youth lack standardization. There is a critical need for well-validated instruments that comprehensively capture the presence and severity of PTSS-related functional impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2668980"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13347848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148396592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term impact of childhood exposure to interparental physical violence on cancer risk in adulthood: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Lele Chang, Yuting Shi, Yaxin Kang, Yuqin Wang, Xinyu Zhang, Jing Liu, Na Lu, Qin Xu","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2708407","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2708407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are known to contribute to increased long-term cancer risk. However, the specific association between childhood exposure to interparental physical violence and the incidence of cancer in adulthood remains poorly understood.<b>Methods:</b> This prospective cohort study utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), which included 11,825 participants aged 45 years or older enrolled from 1 June 2011, and followed until 31 December 2020. Exposure to interparental physical violence during childhood was assessed via a life history questionnaire evaluating the frequency of witnessing physical violence between parents. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. The primary outcome was physician-diagnosed cancer (excluding minor skin cancers), identified through follow-up self-reports. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models with attained age as the time scale were employed for analysis.<b>Results:</b> Among the 11,825 participants (mean age 58.4 ± 9.0 years; 52.2% female), childhood exposure to interparental violence was significantly associated with an elevated risk of cancer (HR = 2.97, 95% CI: 1.52-5.80). A significant dose-response relationship was observed (<i>p</i> for trend < 0.01). Depressive symptoms were more prevalent in the exposed group and mediated approximately 28.9% of the total association between violence exposure and cancer risk (HR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.13-5.11).<b>Conclusions</b>: In a national cohort, childhood exposure to interparental violence was associated with an elevated risk of adult cancer incidence, partly through depressive symptoms. Preventing domestic violence and early psychological intervention may reduce long-term cancer burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2708407"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13474521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148721591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information processing biases in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): cross-sectional findings and exploratory investigation of bias changes following treatment.","authors":"Charlotte E Wittekind, Maximilian Jäger, Anamaria Semm, Mina Stefanovic, Götz Berberich, Till Krauseneck, Thomas Ehring, Marcella L Woud","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2638717","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2638717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Information processing biases are ascribed an important role in the aetiology and maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). While findings on attentional biases have been mixed, there are only a few studies that have used implicit measures to assess dysfunctional appraisals and their malleability over the course of treatment in PTSD.<b>Objective:</b> The primary aim was to examine whether individuals with PTSD (1) show attentional biases towards trauma-related stimuli, (2) generate more implicitly assessed dysfunctional appraisals, and (3) more strongly associate the self as traumatized and vulnerable compared to traumatized individuals without PTSD and a healthy control group. The second and exploratory aim was to explore whether biases would be reduced after treatment.<b>Method:</b> Participants included individuals with PTSD (<i>n</i> = 50), traumatized individuals without PTSD (<i>n</i> = 54), and healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 57). Attentional biases were measured with a Visual Search Task, dysfunctional appraisals with a scenario task, and trauma-related self-appraisals with two Implicit Association Tests (self-traumatized, self-vulnerability). In exploratory analyses, changes in these measures were examined across treatment.<b>Results:</b> No significant differences were found in attention allocation to trauma-related stimuli between groups. However, participants with PTSD generated more dysfunctional appraisals and demonstrated stronger trauma-related associations than both control groups. Importantly, treatment significantly reduced dysfunctional appraisals and fostered more functional self-appraisals in the IAT.<b>Conclusions:</b> Implicitly assessed dysfunctional (self-) appraisals differentiate individuals with PTSD from controls and appear responsive to treatment. Future research should clarify whether these implicit biases function as mechanisms of change and predict long-term clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2638717"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12997474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147467177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}