European journal of preventive cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Targets for Treatment and Optimal Strategies for Non-Pharmacological and Pharmacological Management of Hypertension.","authors":"Bert-Jan H van den Born, Theodora Bejan-Angoulvant, Martino F Pengo, Felix Mahfoud, Isabella Sudano, Henner Hanssen, Gianfranco Parati","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent hypertension guidelines differ in their recommendations on managing hypertension and associated cardiovascular risk. In this review, we highlight the key similarities and discrepancies among the recently published American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA), European Society of Cardiology (ESC), and European and International Society of Hypertension (ESH/ISH) blood pressure (BP) guidelines. Despite differences in the definition of hypertension, all guidelines reflect a general trend toward earlier intervention and more stringent BP targets, particularly for individuals at high cardiovascular risk. They align on lifestyle recommendations, such as dietary modification and physical activity, and advocate for combination therapy with a target BP of <130/80 mmHg if the risk is sufficiently high and treatment well tolerated. However, notable differences exist in treatment thresholds and BP targets for elderly individuals, as well as in the classification of hypertension phenotypes in younger patients. There are few discrepancies in recommended treatment classes, with all guidelines endorsing ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, and thiazide-type diuretics as first-line therapy. Knowledge gaps remain regarding optimal BP thresholds and targets across sex, age, and ethnic groups. Additional uncertainties include the clinical utility of intermediate outcomes in cardiovascular risk assessment, the long-term impact of lifecourse approaches to prevention, and the role of novel therapeutic agents. Emerging concerns such as climate change and air pollution also warrant further investigation for their potential effects on hypertension and cardiovascular risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Patient Support Group on Middle-Aged Recreational and Competitive Athletes with Aortic Disease.","authors":"Bradley J Petek, Kristen M Steinmetz, Nathaniel Moulson, Hozaan Dhalal, J Sawalla Guseh, Eugene Chung, Kelsey Frey, Jack Crowe, Aaron L Baggish, Timothy W Churchill","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf596","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ten year costs of cardiovascular disease in genetically verified familial hypercholesterolemia compared to age and sex matched controls.","authors":"Torbjørn Wisløff, Liv J Mundal, Jannicke Igland, Karianne Svendsen, Martin Prøven Bogsrud, Ivar Sønbø Kristiansen, Kjetil Retterstøl","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Available data on economic consequences of carrying an inherited familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) genetic variant are sparse. This study aims to explore the hospital and pharmaceutical resource use, and costs associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with genetically verified FH, compared to age-and sex-matched controls during the period 2010 through 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 5585 individuals with genetically verified FH from the Norwegian Unit for Cardiac and Cardiovascular Genetics registry, and 111483 age- and sex-matched controls from the general Norwegian population. Resource use and costs associated with CVD were collected from the Norwegian Patient Registry, Cause of Death Registry and the Norwegian Prescription Database. We estimated costs in European Euros (EUR, €) based on diagnosis related group (DRG) cost weights and pharmaceutical drug prices (Norwegian Kroner 1 = EUR 0.1015).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During 2010-2019 patients with FH had CVD-related costs of €3911 per person for hospital care and €6119 for pharmaceuticals compared to €1498 and €514 among controls, respectively. The 10-year costs per person of percutaneous coronary interventions were €561 for FH and €140 for controls. The costs of CVD prescription drugs doubled in the FH population during 2010-19, largely due to the introduction of PCSK9 inhibitors. Costs for prescription drugs increased in both the FH and control populations (p=0.002 for FH and p=0.005 for controls), while costs decreased for hospital care (p=0. 0069 for FH and p=0. 0943 for controls).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FH patients had about three times higher CVD-related hospital costs, and more than ten times higher pharmaceutical costs than age and sex matched controls during a 10-year follow-up. During the ten years, costs for pharmaceuticals increased and costs for hospital decreased.</p>","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of ambient air pollutants and environmental greenness on the incidence of pre-/hypertension in children and adolescents.","authors":"Maike Wolters, Rajini Nagrani, Nour Naaouf, Stefaan De Henauw, Lauren Lissner, Luis A Moreno, Dénes Molnár, Paola Russo, Tanja Vrijkotte, Wolfgang Ahrens, Claudia Börnhorst","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf600","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study estimates long-term effects of air pollution and greenness on the incidence of pre-/hypertension in children and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Exposures to particulate matter <2.5 µm (PM2.5), black carbon (BC) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at the residential addresses of 2385 children and adolescents of the IDEFICS/I.Family cohort were estimated using land use regression models; environmental greenness was assessed using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Applying g-computation, we estimated the effects of hypothetical reductions of PM2.5, BC, NO2 and increases of NDVI on the incidence of pre-/hypertension over a 6-year period compared to no intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The observed risk of developing pre-/hypertension was 14.4%. We found a dose-dependent relationship showing higher risk reductions when imposing lower hypothetical levels or larger percental reductions for the air pollutants. The largest effects were observed for PM2.5, e.g. reducing PM2.5 to ≤10 μg/m3 lowered the risk of developing pre-/hypertension by -10.7 [-14.1, -5.7; 95% bootstrap CI] percentage points compared to no intervention. Effects of BC reductions were less strong, e.g. -5.3 [-10.2, 1.7] when reducing BC to ≤0.8x10-5/m and small (non-significant) effects were found for NO2. Hypothetically increasing NDVI to ≥0.6 lowered the pre-/hypertension risk by -1.5 [-2.9, -0.4]. Sensitivity analyses suggested effects of air pollution mainly on systolic (SBP) but not diastolic blood pressure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adherence to recommended levels of air pollutants and increased greenness can help to prevent hypertension among children and adolescents. Efforts to reduce air pollution could thus reduce the cardiovascular disease burden in later life.</p>","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Anticoagulation in Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure: Bridging Trials, Registry Data, Guidelines, and Real-World Practice.","authors":"Thibault Lenormand, Arnaud Bisson, Laurent Fauchier","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf612","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond absolute values: the association of LDL variability with cardiovascular risk.","authors":"Georg B Ehret","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf439","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf439","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"1257-1258"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144947800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visit-to-visit lipid variability, coronary artery calcification, inflammation, and mortality in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.","authors":"Jeffrey Shi Kai Chan, Danish Iltaf Satti, Raymond Ngai Chiu Chan, Parag Chevli, Adhya Mehta, Seth S Martin, Garima Sharma, Gary Tse, Salim S Virani, Michael D Shapiro","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf085","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to explore relationships between visit-to-visit lipid variability, coronary artery calcification (CAC), inflammation, and long-term mortality, which may be prognostically relevant.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>This prospective cohort study included participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis with available plasma LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides from all three initial exams who underwent computed tomography CAC quantification at the third (index) exam. Visit-to-visit variability (coefficient of variation) was calculated from all three initial exams. Outcomes included the index Agatston score, cardiovascular mortality, all-cause mortality, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Altogether, 1515 participants were analysed. Higher HDL-C variability was associated with higher index Agatston score [Quartile 4 (Q4; vs. Q1) adjusted marginal effects 0.25 0.02-0.48)], but not LDL-C, TC, and triglyceride variability. Over a 15.1-year median follow-up, higher HDL-C [Q4 vs. Q1: adjusted sub-hazard ratio 2.68 (1.61-4.48)] and TC [Q4 vs. Q1: adjusted sub-hazard ratio 2.13 (1.17-3.89)] variability, but not LDL-C and triglyceride variability, was associated with higher risk of cardiovascular mortality, which remained significant after adjusting for the index Agatston score. Additionally, higher HDL-C variability was associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality [Q4 vs. Q1: adjusted hazard ratio 1.46 (1.00-2.11)], but LDL-C, TC, and triglyceride variability were not. HDL-C [Q4 vs. Q1: adjusted β: 0.132 (0.034-0.230)] and TC [Q4 vs. Q1: adjusted β: 0.210 (0.064-0.357)] variability, but not LDL-C and triglyceride variability, may be correlated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated HDL-C variability was associated with greater CAC burden and long-term risks of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. These mortality-related associations were probably not completely explainable by atherosclerosis.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00005487.</p>","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"1235-1244"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12450528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The next step in cardiovascular risk reduction: targeting remnant cholesterol.","authors":"Klaus G Parhofer","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf315","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf315","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"1155-1156"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clarifying the cognitive mechanisms and isolated effects of plaque visualization in cardiovascular risk reduction: reply.","authors":"Kristyn Whitmore, Thomas H Marwick","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf518","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in achieving LDL cholesterol targets and novel approaches to lipid lowering.","authors":"Waqas A Malick, Daein Choi, Anne Langsted, Vera Bittner, Børge G Nordestgaard, Erik S G Stroes, Robert S Rosenson","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf123","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the pre-eminent target for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Despite the expansive evidence supporting therapeutic reductions in LDL-C with statin therapy, many high-risk patients do not achieve guideline-recommended treatment targets resulting in avoidable cardiovascular events and higher healthcare expenditures. Underutilization of effective LDL-C lowering is exacerbated by low adherence to statin therapy even among patients following an acute coronary event. Adjunctive therapies such as ezetimibe and PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies remain underutilized, and polypharmacy regimens used for the treatment of cardiovascular disease further increase challenges for patients. Although cardiovascular outcomes data are lacking, inclisiran, a small-interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting PCSK9 mRNA, is available for clinical use. Novel implementation approaches offer the opportunity for more durable or even potentially permanent solutions for lipoprotein-associated cardiovascular disease risk. As an adjunct to statins, these novel approaches may offer more durable approaches for the prevention of ASCVD events. In this review, we discuss the challenges of current LDL-C lowering therapies, achieving LDL-C targets and the necessity of novel approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"1136-1144"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}