European journal of preventive cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Improvements in walking speed reduce mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease during exercise-based secondary prevention: findings from the ITER registry.","authors":"Andrea Raisi, Valentina Zerbini, Jonathan Myers, Tommaso Piva, Erica Menegatti, Giovanni Grazzi, Gianni Mazzoni, Simona Mandini","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate associations between walking speed (WS) and mortality among patients with stable cardiovascular disease (CVD). Additionally, it sought to analyse the impact of a long-term exercise intervention on physical function by analysing the relationship between changes in WS and mortality over a decade of observation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Of the 3,328 patients included in the ITER registry (NCT05817305) between 1997 and 2023, 2,858 (aged 65±11 years) were analysed. Walking speed was measured using the 1-km treadmill walking test (1k-TWT). Patients were initially categorized into tertiles based on baseline WS and subsequently divided into six categories by associating baseline WS with changes over time. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine associations between WS, all-cause and disease-specific mortality, adjusting for demographic and clinical confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,031 patients died over a median follow-up of 11 years. Higher baseline WS was inversely associated with mortality with magnitudes ranging from 23% (95% CI: 0.56,1.06) lower risk for cancer to 58% (95% CI: 0.32,0.54) lower risk for CVD. A similar trend resulted in WS improvements over time, particularly among the LowWS-improved group, with a 38% (95% CI: 0.52, 0.74) lower risk for all-cause mortality, which was comparable to the HighWS-decreased patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The 1k-TWT is an effective predictor of mortality among CVD patients and a valuable educational tool for exercise-based interventions in secondary prevention. These findings highlight the efficacy of exercise-based programs to improve physical function and reduce mortality, underscoring the importance of promoting exercise as part of long-term CVD management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remnant cholesterol lowering in cardiovascular disease risk reduction in statin, ezetimibe, and PCSK9 inhibitor trials: meta-regression analyses.","authors":"Ask Tybjærg Nordestgaard, Børge Grønne Nordestgaard","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>We tested the hypothesis that remnant cholesterol reduction is associated with part of the cardiovascular risk reduction in statin, ezetimibe, and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor trials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included statin, ezetimibe, and PCSK9 inhibitor trials of 1,000 participants or more and lipid level data. Baseline and follow-up low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and remnant cholesterol levels were extracted. LDL and remnant cholesterol reductions were differences between intervention and reference groups at year one. We calculated risk ratios for major adverse cardiovascular events per 1 mmol/L (39 mg/dL) and 1 standard deviation reductions in LDL and remnant cholesterol using meta-regressions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 43 trials of 327,264 participants with 42,016 major adverse cardiovascular events where included. Remnant cholesterol was reduced 0.19 mmol/L per 1 mmol/L LDL cholesterol reduction, and 11% per 20% LDL cholesterol reduction. Fixed/random effects risk ratios (95% confidence intervals) for major adverse cardiovascular events per 1 mmol/L reductions were 0.84 (0.82-0.85)/0.82 (0.78-0.85) for LDL and 0.36 (0.33-0.40)/0.27 (0.20-0.36) for remnant cholesterol. Corresponding, estimates per 1 standard deviation reductions were 0.93 (0.92-0.93)/0.91 (0.90-0.93) and 0.92 (0.92-0.93)/0.90 (0.88-0.92), respectively. Fixed/random effects risk ratios per 1 mmol/L reductions were 0.88 (0.85-0.91)/0.82 (0.74-0.91) for LDL cholesterol adjusted for remnant cholesterol reductions and 0.74 (0.60-0.92)/0.92 (0.45-1.187) for remnant cholesterol adjusted for LDL cholesterol reductions. Corresponding estimates per 1 standard deviation reductions were 0.94 (0.93-0.96)/0.92 (0.88-0.96) and 0.98 (0.96-0.99)/0.99 (0.94-1.05), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Remnant cholesterol lowering is associated with part of the cardiovascular risk reduction in statin, ezetimibe, and PCSK9 inhibitor trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause death in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","authors":"Mickael Guglieri, Jean Baptiste De Freminville, Fabrice Ivanes, Arnaud Bisson, Laurent Fauchier","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf338","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Medication Adherence and Medication-Associated Mortality After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.","authors":"Jouko Nurkkala, Aleksi Winstén, Jenni Toivonen, Teemu Niiranen","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Higher mortality rates after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) have been reported in women than in men. We examined whether adherence to secondary prevention medications could explain these sex differences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from 9,857 participants (18% women) who underwent CABG between 1998 and 2021. Medication adherence for statins, beta blockers, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors was assessed using nationwide drug purchase registers. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models with a sex interaction term were used to analyze the association between adherence and all-cause mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Use of statins (90%), RAAS inhibitors (62%), and beta blockers (93%) was similar in men and women immediately after CABG (P≥0.57 for all). After 10 years, adherence remained high for statins (84%), beta blockers (85%), and RAAS inhibitors (66%), with a non-significant trend towards greater adherence in women. Use of medications was associated with lower mortality in men and women, and particularly for statins (HR, 0.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41-0.59 for women; HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.50-0.59 for men; p for interaction 0.08). Beta blocker adherence was associated with a greater mortality benefit in women compared to men (HR, 0.66; 95% CI 0.55-0.78 versus HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.75-0.90; p for interaction 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>No major sex differences in medication adherence were observed during 10 years of follow-up. Use of beta blockers was associated with lower risk of mortality in women compared with men. Future interventional trials should focus on the potential sex differences in efficacy of secondary prevention medication in CABG patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From bed-rest to personalized exercise prescription: The role of high-intensity interval training in historical perspective.","authors":"Stephan Gielen","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf341","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Quality of life in heart failure. The heart of the matter. A scientific statement of the Heart Failure Association and the European Association of Preventive Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf322","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reassessing Colchicine Efficacy in Women: The Need for Sex-Stratified Cardiovascular Evidence.","authors":"Laiba Khan, Maham Khan, Nijat Rzayev","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf328","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The presence or absence of standard modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in patients with myocardial infarction impacts long-term but not 30-day mortality: a UK Biobank prospective cohort study.","authors":"Wen Kai Wong, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Li Lian Kuan, Stephen J Nicholls, Karlheinz Peter, Derek P Chew","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Prior studies reported higher early mortality after acute myocardial infarction (MI) in patients without standard modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (SMuRFs), warranting further validation. We aimed to evaluate whether SMuRF-absence is associated with increased 30-day cardiovascular mortality following MI.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>We conducted a population-based cohort study using UK Biobank data (n = 487 177). Incident MI cases occurring between 2006 and 2022 were identified through linkage to hospital and death registries. Standard modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, current smoker) were defined at baseline and continuously assessed until MI onset. Thirty-day mortality following MI was estimated using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for sociodemographic, clinical, and cardiogenomic variables, were used to estimate 30-day mortality risks. Logistic regression model was used to estimate mortality risk at 10 years post-MI. Among 15 463 patients experiencing an MI (1034 without SMuRFs), SMuRF-absence was not significantly associated with 30-day mortality (HR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.65-1.04, P = 0.103). Propensity score-matched analyses supported these findings (HR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.69-1.29, P = 0.729). Further analyses stratified by distinct time intervals (2006-2022) revealed no significant modification of this association by advancements in acute MI management. Interaction analyses indicated no significant effect modification by sex, age, socioeconomic status, or period of MI occurrence. However, extended analysis to 10 years revealed that SMuRF absence was significantly associated with lower long-term mortality (OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.49-0.75, P < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this population-based cohort, SMuRF status significantly impacted long-term but not short-term mortality following MI, indicating early survival is predominantly driven by acute-phase factors rather than baseline cardiovascular risk profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stratification by CVD risk equations does not inform the use of aspirin for primary prevention in older adults.","authors":"Enayet K Chowdhury, Michael E Ernst, Mark R Nelson, Lawrence J Beilin, Johannes T Neumann, Andrew Tonkin, Robyn L Woods, Nigel Stocks, Paul Lacaze, Suzanne G Orchard, Zhen Zhou, Brenda Kirpach, Anne M Murray, Raj C Shah, Walter Abhayaratna, Joanne Ryan, John J McNeil, Rory Wolfe, Christopher M Reid","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We aimed to determine whether commonly recommended CVD risk equations would inform a risk-benefit discussion on the role for aspirin as a primary prevention strategy for CVD in older persons. We assessed aspirin's effect on CVD and major haemorrhage on the basis of baseline levels of CVD risk using risk scores pertaining to the older age groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a) the Framingham (FRS), b) the Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD), and c) the European SCORE2-OP equations to calculate 10-year predicted CVD risk. Participants were classified into predicted risk tertiles (T): lower (T1), intermediate (T2) and higher (T3) risk. We identified CVD and major haemorrhagic events utilising each risk equation's definition of CVD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CVD event rate increased from T1 to T3 using all risk equations. For participants with greatest CVD risk (T3) according to FRS and ASCVD, aspirin versus placebo was associated with a proportional 28% (95% CI: 54 to 95%) and 25% (95% CI: 57 to 97%) reduction in CVD risk respectively. However, there was no significant effect of aspirin for individuals with low (T1) or moderate (T2) risk, nor according to the SCORE2-OP tertiles.Rates of major haemorrhagic events were highest in all T3 groups. Aspirin was associated with a significant increase in bleeding events versus placebo in all T1 groups and FRS and SCORE2-OP T2 groups. The reduction in CVD events in FRS and ASCVD T3 groups was offset by a 32% and 15% increased risk of bleeding respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In older persons with no prior cardiovascular events, current CVD risk scores do not identify any subgroups with overall net clinical benefit from low dose aspirin.</p>","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age at Menarche and Cardiovascular Risk: A Moving Target of Risk Assessment in Women.","authors":"Lily N Dastmalchi, Martha Gulati","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf318","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144224838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}