European Journal of Soil Science最新文献

{"title":"Role of cover crop roots in soil organic carbon accrual—A review","authors":"M. Pisarčik,&nbsp;J. Hakl,&nbsp;M. Toleikiene,&nbsp;P. Fuksa,&nbsp;J. Rasmussen,&nbsp;R. Hood-Nowotny","doi":"10.1111/ejss.13532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.13532","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Appropriate cover crop (CC) management is an important tool for the improvement of soil carbon stock; however, the relationships between carbon accumulation and CC root traits remain unclear. A literature review was performed to identify the extent and focus of recent research and to answer questions about the role of root traits of CCs in soil C accumulation with regard to species selection, mixture composition and agronomic management. The findings based on the analysis of 69 publications show that a range of root traits such as root biomass, architecture, depth of rooting, root chemical composition, as well as quantity and quality of rhizodeposition, can contribute to soil structure formation and C accumulation. These traits are usually species specific, and it seems that appropriate species combinations in the mixtures can offer the highest potential for optimization of C stock across various environments. However, there has been twice as much recent research on roots of CC monocultures than on mixtures, with little attention paid to agronomic aspects such as plant spatial arrangement or soil tillage in relation to CC root development. Considerations of real management under field conditions could be beneficial in providing greater accuracy of estimation of the contribution of CCs in increasing the SOC stock in croplands.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.13532","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial utilisation of maize rhizodeposits applied to agricultural soil at a range of concentrations","authors":"Daniela Niedeggen,&nbsp;Lioba Rüger,&nbsp;Eva Oburger,&nbsp;Michael Santangeli,&nbsp;Ahmed Mutez,&nbsp;Doris Vetterlein,&nbsp;Sergey Blagodatsky,&nbsp;Michael Bonkowski","doi":"10.1111/ejss.13530","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ejss.13530","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rhizodeposition fuels carbon (C) and nutrient cycling in soil. However, changes in the dynamics of microbial growth on rhizodeposits with increasing distance from the root is not well studied. This study investigates microbial growth on individual organic components of rhizodeposits and maize root-derived exudates and mucilage from agricultural soil. By creating a gradient of substrate concentrations, we simulated reduced microbial access to rhizosphere C with increasing distance to the root surface. We identified distinct C-thresholds for the activation of microbial growth, and these were significantly higher for rhizodeposits than singular, simple sugars. In addition, testing for stoichiometric constraints of microbial growth by supplementing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) showed accelerated and increased microbial growth by activating a larger proportion of the microbial biomass. Early and late season exudates triggered significantly different microbial growth responses. The mineralization of early-season exudates was induced at a high C-threshold. In contrast, the mineralization of late-season exudates showed ‘sugar-like’ properties, with a low C-threshold, high substrate affinity, and a reduced maximum respiration rate of microorganisms growing on the added substrate. Mucilage exhibited the highest C-threshold for the activation of microbial growth, although with a short lag-period and with an efficient mucilage degradation comparable to that of sugars. By determining kinetic parameters and turnover times for different root-derived substrates, our data enable the upscaling of micro-scale processes to the whole root system, allowing more accurate predictions of how rhizodeposition drives microbial C and nutrient dynamics in the soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.13530","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141521723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A transdisciplinary approach for assessing connections between soil, food, and people in Aotearoa New Zealand","authors":"Julie Gillespie,&nbsp;Jo-Anne Cavanagh,&nbsp;Sarah Edwards,&nbsp;Dyanna Jolly,&nbsp;Dione Payne,&nbsp;Carol Smith","doi":"10.1111/ejss.13521","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ejss.13521","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With increasing urbanisation, there is a growing disconnect between soil, food, and people, centred around those relying on Western food production models. This ‘wicked’ problem is challenging sustainable soil use and food insecurity. Knowledge of soils through scientific studies alone are unable to address this problem, and we need to extend the boundaries of soil science for real progress to be made. We present a conceptual framework for understanding the reciprocal connections between soil, food, and people in local food production systems in Aotearoa New Zealand, applying principles and practices from a transdisciplinary research methodology. The resultant Food-Landscape Networks framework consists of seven factors that support understanding the inherent connections between soil, food, and people. The factors are: soil health, land suitability, climate, productivity, food quality, well-being, and engagement. These factors have been identified from weaving together mātauraka (the Kāi Tahu mita [dialect] is used in this text, where the ‘ng’ diagraph is replaced with ‘k’, e.g., mātaura<b>ng</b>a = mātaura<b>k</b>a) Māori (Māori knowledge, culture, worldview, and values) and soil science using the He Awa Whiria, Braided Rivers, epistemological framework. Mātauraka Māori guides the traditionally reductionist discipline of soil science into a more holistic space, in an Aotearoa New Zealand context.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Sustainable soil management: Soil knowledge use and gaps in Europe","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ejss.13520","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ejss.13520","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thorsøe, M. H., Keesstra, S., De Boever, M., Buchová, K., Bøe, F., Castanheira, N. L., Chenu, C., Cornu, S., Don, A., Fohrafellner, J., Farina, R., Fornara, D., da Conceição Gonçalves, M., Graversgaard, M., Heller, O., Inselsbacher, E., Jacobs, A., Mavsar, S., Meurer, K. H. E. … &amp; Munkholm, L. J. (2023). Sustainable soil management: Soil knowledge use and gaps in Europe. European Journal of Soil Science, 74(6), e13439.</p><p>In Table 4, there is unfortunately an error in the legend. The legend in the original version of the article depicts a scale which is incorrect where the categories are shown in reverse.</p><p>In the published version of the paper the legend in Table 4 appears as:\u0000 </p><p>However, the correct legend for Table 4 is:\u0000 </p><p>In summary, Table 4 with the corrected legend is:</p><p>\u0000 </p><p>We sincerely apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.13520","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peatland carbon chemistry, amino acids and protein preservation in biogeochemically distinct ecohydrologic layers","authors":"Anne Yalien Yusuf,&nbsp;Ewen Silvester,&nbsp;Robert Brkljaca,&nbsp;Christina Birnbaum,&nbsp;James Chapman,&nbsp;Samantha Grover","doi":"10.1111/ejss.13518","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ejss.13518","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Peatlands play a significant role in global carbon and nitrogen cycles due to their carbon storage capabilities. However, there are key knowledge gaps in our understanding of how peatland hydrology influences the biogeochemical properties that drive peatland functioning and health. This study examines peatland hydrology and biogeochemical dynamics by exploring the variations in carbon chemistry, total amino acid (‘protein’) content and amino acid composition in the ecohydrologic layers: acrotelm, mesotelm and catotelm. The dynamic movement of the water table recorded half-hourly over 4 years was used to assist in identifying the boundaries between these layers. Peat amino acids were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Carbon chemistry was analysed by solid state Cross Polarization Magic Angle Spinning (CPMAS) ¹³C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, with the alkyl:O-alkyl ratio used to quantify the extent of decomposition. Our result revealed a strong positive correlation between the extent of decomposition and total protein content, indicating selective preservation of proteinaceous materials during peat decomposition. Each ecohydrologic layer displayed a distinct amino acid composition and carbon functional group composition. The acrotelm was relatively enriched in seven amino acids and two carbon functional groups. The mesotelm was relatively enriched in four amino acids, while the catotelm was relatively enriched in three amino acids and four carbon functional groups. The variations in amino acid composition reflect differences in microbial function and efficiency, while variations in carbon functional groups provide insights into long-term carbon sequestration in peatland. Collectively, these results provide more insights into nutrient cycling and changes in organic matter composition during peat decomposition. These findings demonstrate that peatland biogeochemistry is closely linked to ecohydrology and suggest that changes to water table dynamics could affect the ability of peatlands to sequester and store carbon in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.13518","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dry-wet alternation and microplastics particle size effects on and contributions to soil water and soil pore properties","authors":"Xuguang Xing,&nbsp;Xiaoyuan Jing,&nbsp;Fengyue Zhao,&nbsp;Sihan Jiao,&nbsp;Liuchang Su,&nbsp;Miao Yu,&nbsp;Long Zhao","doi":"10.1111/ejss.13522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.13522","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Agricultural soils always contain microplastics (MPs) residues and farmlands often undergo continuous drying-wetting alternations. However, little is known about how the existing MPs and MPs particle size affect soil physical properties under drying-wetting cycles; also their combined influences are not well understood. Hence, we completed measurements of hydraulic parameters and calculations of water characteristics and pore distributions in soil-MPs mixtures subjecting to five drying-wetting cycles and four MPs particle sizes. Quantitative findings indicated that both MPs and drying-wetting cycles reduced saturated conductivity, which firstly decreased and then increased with the increase of MPs particle size and the progress of drying-wetting cycles. The drying-wetting cycles increased field capacity (FC) and permanent wilting coefficient (PWC), but reduced gravity water (GW) and available water content (AWC). Oppositely, the MPs reduced FC and PWC but increased GW and AWC; furthermore, the average FC and PWC overall firstly decreased and then increased with the increase in MPs particle size; however, the average GW and AWC firstly increased and then stabilized. The MPs reduced total porosity and the drying-wetting cycle also reduced it in soil-MPs mixtures, which whereas increased as the drying-wetting cycles proceeded. Factors contribution analyses indicated that the drying-wetting cycle made greater contributions than MPs particle size to the variation of soil physical properties, and their combined effects mainly made great contributions to the variation of soil hydraulic parameters. Our findings provide evidence for MPs influence on soil physical properties, which deserves attention with regard to the developments of sustainable agricultural practical managements in plastic-polluted soil-crop systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141441346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greenhouse gas fluxes of microbial-induced calcite precipitation at varying urea-to-calcium concentrations","authors":"Carla Comadran-Casas,&nbsp;Nicolas Brüggemann,&nbsp;M. Ehsan Jorat","doi":"10.1111/ejss.13516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.13516","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) is regarded as environmentally friendly, partly due to the storage of carbon as carbonates. Although CO₂ emissions during MICP have been reported, quantification of its environmental impact regarding total greenhouse gas fluxes has not yet been thoroughly investigated. In particular, N₂O fluxes could occur in addition to CO₂ since MICP involves the microbially mediated nitrogen cycle. This study investigated the greenhouse gas fluxes during biostimulation of MICP in quartz sand in incubation experiments. Soil samples were treated with MICP cementation solution containing calcium concentrations of 0, 20, 100 and 200 mM at a fixed urea concentration of 100 mM to offer a range of carbonation potential and/or mitigation of CO₂ emissions. Greenhouse gas (CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O) measurements were determined by gas chromatography during incubations. Soil total inorganic carbon and the isotopic composition of precipitated and emitted CO₂ were determined by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. CO₂ emissions (0.52 to 4.08 μg of CO₂–C h⁻¹ g⁻¹ soil) resulted from MICP, while N₂O and CH₄ fluxes were not detected. Increasing Ca²⁺ with respect to urea resulted in lower CO₂ emissions, lower solution pH, similar carbonate precipitation and urea hydrolysis inhibition. The highest urea-to-calcium ratio (1:0.2) emitted roughly two times the amount of CO₂ (112 μg of CO₂–C g⁻¹ soil) compared to the 1:1 and 1:2 ratios (47 to 58 μg of CO₂–C g⁻¹ soil) and five to six times more than samples that did not receive Ca²⁺ (1:0) (~18 μg of CO₂–C g⁻¹ soil). Precipitated CaCO₃–C was tenfold higher than cumulative emitted CO₂–C, and isotopic analysis indicated both emitted and precipitated carbon were of urea origin. Both emitted and precipitated carbon accounted for a very low percentage of total carbon applied in the system (&lt;0.35 and &lt;4.5%, respectively), presumably due to limited urea hydrolysis which was negatively affected by increasing the Ca²⁺ concentration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.13516","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141430249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lichen biocrusts contribute to soil microbial biomass carbon in the northern temperate zone: A meta-analysis","authors":"Chang Tian,&nbsp;Chongfeng Bu,&nbsp;Shufang Wu,&nbsp;Kadambot H. M. Siddique","doi":"10.1111/ejss.13517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.13517","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) have crucial ecological functions in dryland ecosystems, yet understanding the variations in soil microbial biomass within biocrusts across diverse ecosystems, climates and soil conditions remains limited. This knowledge gap constrains our understanding of how microbial communities within biocrusts regulate terrestrial carbon and nitrogen cycling. Hence, we conducted a meta-analysis using 255 paired observations from 42 study sites across the northern temperate ecosystem. The analysis revealed that biocrusts harbour significantly higher soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (SMBC and SMBN, respectively) levels than bare (non-biocrust) soil across all habitat types. Notably, deeper soil layers (5–10 and &gt;10 cm) accumulated less SMBC and SMBN than biocrust and biocrust–5-cm soil, revealing that biocrusts influence shallow soil environments. Ecosystem type, soil texture, depth and season emerged as key factors influencing the distribution of SMBC within biocrusts. Of particular interest, lichen biocrusts accumulated the most SMBC compared with other biocrust types. Furthermore, the difference in SMBC between biocrust and non-biocrust soils was more pronounced in oligotrophic habitats (e.g., desert, grassland, sand and sandy loam soils) than in eutrophic habitats (e.g., forest and loam soils). Random forest analysis confirmed that soil variables affected SMBC accumulation in biocrusts more than climatic factors. Soil organic carbon (SOC), as the primary source of SMBC, could be the most important determinant. Moreover, the disparity between non-biocrust SMBC and biocrust SMBC increased with increasing mean annual temperature (MAT) or decreasing altitude. These insights underscore the substantial contribution of lichen biocrusts to SMBC and emphasize the need to incorporate this knowledge into regional models for predicting the effects of climate change on soil carbon budgets within biocrust microbiomes in temperate ecosystems of the Northern Hemisphere.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141329417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trade-offs and synergies of soil carbon sequestration: Addressing knowledge gaps related to soil management strategies","authors":"Peter Maenhout,&nbsp;Claudia Di Bene,&nbsp;Maria Luz Cayuela,&nbsp;Eugenio Diaz-Pines,&nbsp;Anton Govednik,&nbsp;Frida Keuper,&nbsp;Sara Mavsar,&nbsp;Rok Mihelic,&nbsp;Adam O'Toole,&nbsp;Ana Schwarzmann,&nbsp;Marjetka Suhadolc,&nbsp;Alina Syp,&nbsp;Elena Valkama","doi":"10.1111/ejss.13515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.13515","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration in agricultural soils is an important tool for climate change mitigation within the EU soil strategy for 2030 and can be achieved via the adoption of soil management strategies (SMS). These strategies may induce synergistic effects by simultaneously reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and/or nitrogen (N) leaching. In contrast, other SMS may stimulate emissions of GHG such as nitrous oxide (N₂O) or methane (CH₄), offsetting the climate change mitigation gained via SOC sequestration. Despite the importance of understanding trade-offs and synergies for selecting sustainable SMS for European agriculture, knowledge on these effects remains limited. This review synthesizes existing knowledge, identifies knowledge gaps and provides research recommendations on trade-offs and synergies between SOC sequestration or SOC accrual, non-CO₂ GHG emissions and N leaching related to selected SMS. We investigated 87 peer-reviewed articles that address SMS and categorized them under tillage management, cropping systems, water management and fertilization and organic matter (OM) inputs. SMS, such as conservation tillage, adapted crop rotations, adapted water management, OM inputs by cover crops (CC), organic amendments (OA) and biochar, contribute to increase SOC stocks and reduce N leaching. Adoption of leguminous CC or specific cropping systems and adapted water management tend to create trade-offs by stimulating N₂O emissions, while specific cropping systems or application of biochar can mitigate N₂O emissions. The effect of crop residues on N₂O emissions depends strongly on their C/N ratio. Organic agriculture and agroforestry clearly mitigate CH₄ emissions but the impact of other SMS requires additional study. More experimental research is needed to study the impact of both the pedoclimatic conditions and the long-term dynamics of trade-offs and synergies. Researchers should simultaneously assess the impact of (multiple) agricultural SMS on SOC stocks, GHG emissions and N leaching. This review provides guidance to policymakers as well as a framework to design field experiments and model simulations, which can address knowledge gaps and non-intentional effects of applying agricultural SMS meant to increase SOC sequestration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.13515","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141286928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of biochar versus film mulching on soil hydrothermal properties and wheat crop performance in semi-arid loess","authors":"Huan Wang,&nbsp;Jun Fan,&nbsp;Ming'an Shao,&nbsp;Xi Wang,&nbsp;Jia Wang,&nbsp;Mingde Hao","doi":"10.1111/ejss.13497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.13497","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Film mulching and biochar have been applied as effective measures for increasing crop yields in arid and semi-arid areas for many years. However, the effects of the temporal and spatial distributions of soil hydrothermal properties on crop yields are still unclear under film mulching and biochar addition. Thus, we conducted a field experiment with winter wheat on the Loess Plateau of China for two years (2020–2022) with three treatments: control, film mulching, and biochar. The results demonstrated that film mulching and biochar addition increased the average soil temperature in the 0–50 cm soil depth throughout the whole growth period and the influence depth exceeded 50 cm. Biochar addition only significantly increased soil temperature in the overwintering stage (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Film mulching increased the maximum and minimum temperatures in the 0–50 cm soil depth at seedling stage. Film mulching and biochar increased average ≥10°C accumulated soil temperature by increasing the ≥10°C accumulated soil temperature in the daytime and nighttime, and the number of days with a daily soil temperature ≥10°C during the whole growth period. Film mulching improved soil water storage in the 0–300 cm soil depth in each growth stage during both years, and also increased the wheat grain yield, aboveground biomass, and water use efficiency. Biochar addition increased the wheat grain yield and aboveground biomass of two years compared with control, but the increases were not significant (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). In addition, correlation analysis showed that adequate temperatures in the 0–50 cm soil depth during the seedling and overwintering stages, and suitable soil moisture conditions in the 0–300 cm soil depth before sowing, jointing, and filling stages were important factors for increasing wheat grain yields under film mulching. In summary, film mulching mainly regulated the soil temperature in the 0–50 cm soil depth and moisture conditions in the 0–300 cm soil depth during different growth stages to increase grain yields. Film mulching has more obvious effects on moisture regulation, temperature regulation, and yield increases than biochar addition. Some environmentally friendly measures (such as conservation agriculture) with the same yield improving effect as mulching are also recommended to explore and promote in theLoess Plateau region.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141182267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}