European Journal of Soil Science最新文献

{"title":"A New Method to Investigate Denitrification Dynamics During Simulated Floods in Soils","authors":"Rana Kanaan,&nbsp;Romain Darnajoux,&nbsp;Laura Escarmena,&nbsp;Sabine Sauvage,&nbsp;Thierry Camboulive,&nbsp;Jean-Louis Druilhe,&nbsp;José Miguel Sánchez-Pérez","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.70098","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Riparian ecosystems, through their anoxic properties driven by floods, play a crucial role in favouring denitrification. The absence of nitrous oxide (N₂O) reductase activity in the denitrification process provokes the emission of a potent greenhouse gas (GHG), N₂O, into the atmosphere. Our understanding of the contribution of denitrification to N₂O emissions is limited by the difficulties in capturing peak N₂O events and measuring dinitrogen gas (N₂), the final product of the process under soil flooding. In this study, we describe the GHG-Aquacosme, a new laboratory-based and ecosystem-relevant approach to simulate flood conditions and investigate GHG flux dynamics in intact riparian soil cores, focusing on N₂O. The system capabilities were tested on two different riparian soils with simultaneous monitoring of N₂O, carbon dioxide and porewater chemistry. We also used a simple mass balance approach to estimate the N₂ emissions. The GHG-Aquacosme proved efficient in the incubation of soil samples under atmospheric conditions, preserving the initial soil structure and heterogeneity and providing a high temporal resolution of N₂O emission dynamics upon flooding. This translated into heterogeneous outputs in terms of N₂O dynamics and denitrification-related parameters such as N₂O yield and nitrate removal efficiency. Finally, accounting for nitrogen (N) species diffusion within the system is recommended, and the setup can easily accommodate isotopic N tracer methodologies to investigate other N cycle pathways. Further research is encouraged to determine how the results from the GHG-Aquacosme application can be utilised in predictive models of N₂O emissions, particularly in relation to future scenarios and projections of riparian flooding.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.70098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterisation of Acid Sulfate Soils Along a Temperate Coastal Vegetation Gradient","authors":"M. Wang,&nbsp;I. Cartwright,&nbsp;V. N. L. Wong","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.70100","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Acid sulfate soils (ASS) pose a significant environmental risk, yet their systematic characterisation is often overlooked in conservation areas, leaving an important gap in understanding their distribution and management. This study characterises ASS in three temperate coastal wetland vegetation communities—mangroves, saltmarshes and paperbark forests—located in southern Australia. Soil samples were collected from two sites, Rhyll and Corner Inlet, representing typical low-energy embayment environments. The study aimed to assess the acidification risk by analysing key soil properties, including pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, nitrogen content and the presence of sulfidic materials. Results indicate that mangrove soils exhibited the highest concentrations of chromium reducible sulfur (CRS), while saltmarsh and paperbark forest soils displayed varying levels of acid neutralising capacity (ANC), largely influenced by seawater intrusion and organic matter decomposition. Net acidity was highest in mangrove and deeper saltmarsh layers, indicating a significant potential acidification risk if disturbed. This study highlights the spatial variability in ASS characteristics and acidification risks across different vegetation zones in temperate coastal environments. The findings underscore the need to consider management strategies in conservation areas to mitigate acidification hazards, particularly in light of ongoing sea-level rise and climate change, which may alter the distribution of coastal vegetation and the formation of ASS. These insights provide critical baseline data for the conservation and management of temperate coastal ecosystems in southern Australia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.70100","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Accuracy and Calibration Importance of Tipping Bucket Measurement Boxes for Monitoring Soil Erosion","authors":"Elmar M. Schmaltz,&nbsp;Günther Schmid,&nbsp;Matthias Karner,&nbsp;Lisbeth L. Johannsen,&nbsp;Peter Strauss","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.70094","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In situ soil erosion monitoring is essential to investigate the effects of soil erosion control measures and to provide effective management strategies to maintain soil health and for future climate change adaptation. However, reliable soil erosion monitoring in the field depends on the accuracy of the installed measurement equipment under a range of environmental conditions. This study evaluated how slot position in a multislot divisor, runoff intensity and soil type affect runoff and sediment measurements of tipping bucket measurement boxes for soil erosion monitoring. A controlled experimental setup simulated runoff events using two different soil types to analyse potential differences in collected runoff, sediment and its textural composition among slot positions. Based on the results, we present a calibration strategy for tipping bucket measurement boxes to adjust for deviations in collected runoff and sediment. The results reveal that tipping stability declines at frequencies over 40 tips per minute, with the central slot collecting up to 4% of water volume, exceeding other slots. Water and sediment collection at the central slot maintained a consistent pattern under 40 tips per minute, while deviations in sand content between collected and parent soils were observed but did not impact overall sediment mass significantly. Calibration functions applied to a measurement plot during a period of natural runoff events under field conditions exhibited underrepresentation of runoff and sediment levels in uncalibrated records. Runoff calibration results in more accurate total erosion estimates, especially crucial for high-frequency runoff events where uncalibrated results overestimated soil loss by up to 13%.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.70094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forage vs. Grain Legumes: Contrasting Effects on Soil Organic Carbon Stocks–Evidence From 30 European Field Experiments","authors":"Ioanna S. Panagea,&nbsp;Paul Quataert,&nbsp;María Alonso-Ayuso,&nbsp;Teresa G. Bárcena,&nbsp;Maarten De Boever,&nbsp;Mariangela Diacono,&nbsp;Anna Jacobs,&nbsp;Johannes L. Jensen,&nbsp;Felix Seidel,&nbsp;Daria Seitz,&nbsp;Heide Spiegel,&nbsp;Thijs Vanden Nest,&nbsp;Axel Don,&nbsp;Greet Ruysschaert","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sustainable land management can play an important role in climate change mitigation by reducing soil organic carbon (SOC) losses or even by sequestering C in soils. This can be achieved through practices that increase C inputs to the soil and/or improve the quality of these inputs, thereby facilitating the removal of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) and storing it in the soil as SOC. In this study, we investigated the potential of an increased share of legumes in crop rotations to enhance SOC accrual—defined as the increase in SOC stocks at a given land unit compared to the baseline scenario—using data from 30 mid-term (MTEs, 5–20 years) and long-term (LTEs, 20+ years) field experiments across Europe. Our findings indicate that increasing the proportion of forage legumes in rotations (based on 21 experiments and 39 paired comparisons) led to SOC accrual of up to 13.25 Mg ha⁻¹ (0.44 Mg ha⁻¹ year⁻¹), while grain legumes (based on nine experiments and 28 paired comparisons) resulted in a decrease in SOC stocks of up to 14.37 Mg ha⁻¹ (−0.48 Mg ha⁻¹ year⁻¹) compared to the reference treatment. For forage legumes, the largest SOC gains were achieved at sites with the smallest reference SOC stocks and greater share of forage legumes in the rotation. Our observations suggested that the duration of crop growth of the forage legumes (annual vs. perennial) did not exert a significant impact on SOC stock increase, while pedoclimatic zone did. Positive effects on SOC stocks were more pronounced in the Atlantic climatic zone in contrast to the Mediterranean climatic zone. For grain legumes, larger SOC losses were observed with a greater share of grain legumes in the rotation. Overall, integrating forage legumes in cropping systems can enhance their sustainability and present a viable option for climate change mitigation. Finally, we present a regression equation to derive emission factors (EFs) for estimating SOC changes due to the increase of the share of forage legumes in a rotation, and another due to the increase of the share of grain legumes in the rotation. The first can be used to support the assessment of management impacts for the purpose of rewarding carbon farming and the estimation of a national-scale SOC accrual potential, while the second can be used for estimating national-scale SOC losses.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.70086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydraulic Properties and Ripening in Cultivated Acid Sulfate Soil Fields in Northern Europe","authors":"S. Virtanen,&nbsp;H. Laine-Kaulio,&nbsp;H. Salo,&nbsp;J. Nurminen","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.70092","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acid sulfate (AS) soils cause severe environmental hazards in their recipient watercourses worldwide. Different soil water management practices can help prevent the hazards. Because long-lasting field experiments are expensive and site specific, sophisticated water flow simulation models can be used, for example, to estimate the effects of different management practices on the soil and runoff water quality. In AS soils, postglacial land uplift and the reclamation of soil for agricultural use have caused ripening of the soil. This study examined soil ripening and its effect on soil hydraulic properties, such as saturated hydraulic conductivity (<i>K</i>_sat), the water retention curve (WRC), macroporosity and air entry values, in different soil horizons of Nordic AS soils. The properties were determined from soil core samples in the laboratory, and single and dual-porosity models were fitted to the measured WRC data. The differences in WRCs at different depths were the result of the different ripening status of the soil horizons. The proportion of macroporosity was found to decrease with depth in the soil, and air entry values were higher in deep horizons than in the upper ripe horizons. According to the determined WRCs, the required soil water potential for the ripening of hypersulfidic parent sediments can be produced by plants only. The dual-porosity van Genuchten model provided a good fit to the measured data; the sensitivity of the model to its parameters varied between study sites due to the differences in underlying WRC measurements. In the long-term simulation of the development of water quality in AS soil areas, the effect of ripening on the evolution of soil hydraulic properties should be taken into account.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single Superphosphate-P Fractions Influence Bacterial Communities in Wheat Rhizosphere Soil Under Microcosm Conditions","authors":"M. Gutiérrez-Martín,&nbsp;R. Baigorri,&nbsp;S. Rubio-Gracia,&nbsp;R. García,&nbsp;S. San Francisco,&nbsp;M. Caballero,&nbsp;S. Atarés","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.70096","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The water-insoluble phases of phosphate fertilisers have traditionally been considered an agronomic concern because of their phosphorus bioavailability. However, this chemical behaviour with respect to its solubility in soil could be an advantage from the point of view of environmental sustainability, since these phosphates are more stable in soil and less susceptible to blockage by adsorption. Hence, plants could have a long-term bioavailable form of phosphate for their nutrition, which may increase the agronomic performance of the crop. However, these phosphate-based chemical molecules need to be solubilised either by the action of organic compounds exuded by plants or by microorganisms with the capacity to solubilise phosphates. Through the application of phosphorus fractions of different solubilities from single superphosphate (SSP) in soils planted with wheat plants, here we studied plant growth and nutritional content as agronomic response, as well as the influence on the bacterial communities present in the rhizosphere and their potential functionality with 16S rRNA metabarcoding and predictive functional metagenomics (PICRUSt), respectively. Results indicate a direct effect on rhizosphere bacterial communities depending on the nature and solubility of the phosphorus fractions applied. The increase in the amount of bioavailable phosphorus in soil (+1.57 to 2.21 mg·kg⁻¹), together with the increase in bacterial genes related to phosphate solubilisation after the application of slightly soluble or non-soluble forms of phosphate, suggests that the presence of these forms of phosphate may stimulate the activity of phosphate-solubilising microorganisms. However, by comparing rhizosphere soil samples with bulk soil, we observed that plant roots may have a higher impact on edaphic bacterial biodiversity and functionality than the application of different forms of phosphates. Therefore, future studies are needed to elucidate direct actions of phosphate forms on rhizosphere microorganisms, indirect effects caused by plant root exudates and the combined effect of both.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil Organic Matter and Biochar Effects on Soil Water: Measurements, Pedotransfer Functions and APSIM Simulations","authors":"Deborah Aller,&nbsp;Sotirios Archontoulis,&nbsp;David Laird","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The ability of soils to store and regulate water release to plants is critical for crop production; hence, the ability to estimate soil water parameters is critical. This study aimed to (1) determine biochar effects on the relationship between soil organic matter (SOM) and soil water/physical parameters including field capacity (FC), wilting point (WP), saturation (SAT), water holding capacity (WHC) and bulk density (BD); and (2) evaluate four pedotransfer functions (PTFs) and the APSIM-biochar model for their ability to estimate soil water/physical parameters. Forty-eight deep soil cores were collected from fields with and without biochar applications in Iowa, USA, sectioned into five increments (0–5, 5–15, 15–30, 30–50 and 50–90 cm, <i>n</i> = 226 replicated samples), and analysed for texture, SOM, FC, WP, SAT and BD. For every 1% increase in SOM, the 0–30 cm WHC increased by 5 mm (or 12%). The rate of increase was similar (<i>p</i> = 0.427) for soils with and without biochar, indicating that biochar and biogenic SOM have a similar influence on WHC. Across all data sets, the tested PTFs captured observed data variability, with the Saxton and Rawls PTF having the lowest relative root mean square error (RRMSE). The APSIM-biochar model dynamically simulated changes in soil water parameters and BD response to biochar application with an average RRMSE of 8.3% (uncalibrated) to 6.1% (calibrated). We concluded that the Saxton and Rawls PTF is effective for predicting WHC of soils with and without biochar amendments and that the accuracy of WHC predictions can be improved with location/biochar type-specific calibrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.70083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency of Sequential Extraction Schemes in Partitioning Toxic Elements in Acid Sulfate Soils With a Thionic Horizon","authors":"Francis Henrique Tenório Firmino,&nbsp;João Carlos Ker,&nbsp;Maurício Paulo Ferreira Fontes,&nbsp;Jaime Wilson Vargas de Mello,&nbsp;Hidelblandi Farias de Melo,&nbsp;Luiz Felipe Mesquita","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The use of sequential extraction methods is a common practice for analysing the availability of potentially toxic elements in soils and sediments. However, the simultaneous presence of oxidisable and reducible minerals in acid sulfate soils with a thionic horizon raises questions about the accuracy of these methods. This study focused on the comparative evaluation of two sequential extraction schemes—the modified BCR method (four steps) and the modified Tessier method (six steps) - in acid sulfate soils with a thionic horizon in the Delta of the Doce River region, Espírito Santo, Brazil. With particular attention to the presence of jarosite, a mineral associated with the sulfurization process, specific tests were conducted to better understand the performance of reducible extractors on its synthetic phase. The results highlight the complex dynamics of acid sulfate soils with a thionic horizon concerning the distribution of iron and potentially toxic elements. A significant divergence was observed between the two sequential extraction methods in identifying the main reservoir of potentially toxic elements. In the modified BCR method, metals were primarily associated with oxidizable iron fractions, including organic matter. In contrast, the modified Tessier method indicated metals in the reducible iron fractions, suggesting a different interpretation of the mobility and bioavailability of the elements. The comparative analysis revealed that the modified Tessier procedure is more effective in characterising acid sulfate soils with a thionic horizon for the following reasons: (1) it provides greater precision in evaluating the soil's exchangeable fraction; (2) it avoids underestimating the reducible fraction, capturing the dissolution of sulfide oxidation products; (3) it more accurately identifies elements associated with sulfide minerals; and (4) it offers a more precise quantification of the residual fraction. However, a limitation of the modified Tessier method is the omission of the influence of organic matter, an important component in the dynamics of elements in hydromorphic environments, emphasising the need for complementary approaches for a comprehensive understanding of the availability of potentially toxic elements (trace metal) in such soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.70090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pedotransfer Functions Versus Model Structure: What Drives Variance in Agro-Hydrological Model Results?","authors":"Maria Eliza Turek,&nbsp;Johannes Wilhelmus Maria Pullens,&nbsp;Katharina Hildegard Elisabeth Meurer,&nbsp;Edberto Moura Lima,&nbsp;Bano Mehdi-Schulz,&nbsp;Annelie Holzkämper","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.70088","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pedotransfer functions (PTFs) are widely used empirical relationships to estimate soil hydraulic parameters. PTFs are usually derived from point soil samples analysed in the field or laboratory; thus, they contain uncertainties at different levels (i.e., from sampling and measuring techniques, as well as empirical approaches chosen to quantify relationships). When PTFs are used to parametrize agro-hydrological models, both the choice of PTF and the choice of the model may influence the simulation results. Both sources of variance (PTF choice and model structural differences) were found to be relevant in previous studies, but how they relate to each other has rarely been investigated. In this study, we addressed this research gap by conducting a systematic analysis of the variance in selected agro-hydrological model outputs (i.e., seepage water, soil water content, actual evapotranspiration, transpiration, biomass production) based on an ensemble of 18 PTFs applied to four agro-hydrological models, namely: APEX, CANDY, DAISY and SWAP. The models were calibrated for aboveground biomass and phenology of silage maize and evaluated using data of actual evapotranspiration, seepage water and soil water content obtained from a lysimeter facility in Switzerland. ANOVA-based variance partitioning was applied to attribute variance in model outputs to two uncertainty sources (PTF choice, model choice). Overall, we found that agro-hydrological model structural differences had a larger influence on the variance in model outputs than PTF differences. Further analyses undertaken per model showed that the sensitivity of the simulated outputs to the choice of PTF differed between the models; our results showed that the models integrating the Richards equation (SWAP, DAISY) were more sensitive to the choice of PTF than those using a reservoir cascade approach (APEX, CANDY). Our results also showed that simulated outputs using the mean of a PTF ensemble performed better than when using a single PTF, irrespective of the model and output variable. We therefore recommend using PTF ensembles in agro-hydrological modelling studies. The benefit of using large PTF ensembles is, however, likely to be reduced in larger ensembles of agro-hydrological models, as structural model uncertainties will dominate over PTF uncertainties, according to the four-member model ensemble investigated here.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.70088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mineralogical Changes in Acid Sulfate Soils With Thionic Horizons: Insights From the Delta Doce River, Brazil","authors":"Francis Henrique Tenório Firmino,&nbsp;João Carlos Ker,&nbsp;Maurício Paulo Ferreira Fontes,&nbsp;Luiz Felipe Mesquita","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.70089","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Acid sulfate soils (ASS) with sulfide minerals (i.e., contain sulfidic materials) are widely distributed in both coastal and inland regions, and if exposed to air, the oxidation of sulfide minerals results in the production of sulfuric acid with the formation of thionic horizons (pH &lt; 4) along with profound mineralogical changes. This study, conducted in the Delta of the Doce River, Espírito Santo, Brazil, investigated the mineralogical transformations of ASS with thionic horizons, focusing on the crystallinity of kaolinites under sulfurization conditions. Soil samples from six profiles with thionic horizons were analysed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), selective extractions and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Mineralogical analysis revealed the predominance of quartz, kaolinite, illite and gibbsite, along with secondary Fe(III) minerals such as jarosite, goethite and hematite, accompanied by a reduction in sulfide content, indicating the advanced stages of sulfide oxidation. In strongly sulfurized soils, an increase in kaolinite crystallinity was observed, suggesting that sulfurization intensifies the destruction of less crystalline phases in the soil. The formation of magnetic minerals was associated with burning processes, highlighting the role of anthropogenic interventions in the mineral transformation of these soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.70089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}