European Journal of Soil Science最新文献

{"title":"The Language of Soil: Learning the Lessons From Climate Change","authors":"Karolina Trdlicova,&nbsp;Roy Neilson","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70188","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ejss.70188","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The issues of both soil health and climate change can be characterised as a so called ‘wicked problem’. We adopt this shared characteristic as a rationale for applying lessons from climate change communications to suggest an appropriate ‘language of soil’ that should be deployed to effectively communicate the pertinent issue(s) of soil health. Using six recognised examples of climate change communication pitfalls, we illustrate why inciting a sense of dread around soil and why setting ‘soil health’ deadlines are not helpful strategies to promote positive action on soils. We also discuss the value-action gap and the way in which it applies to soil communication and why it is important to avoid the ‘trap’ of the knowledge deficit model. Finally, we stress the importance of communicating actions rather than knowledge as well as the importance of ‘credible’ soil health communicators.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bsssjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.70188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145012573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Digital Soil Mapping to Create Spatial Off-Road Driving Guidelines and Optimal Road Networks in the Phinda Reserve","authors":"G. M. van Zijl,&nbsp;G. P. Nortjé,&nbsp;P. J. Fourie","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70182","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ejss.70182","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Protected areas are often thought of as pristine natural environments. Practically however, protected areas are often degraded. In Africa, protected areas are mostly funded through game viewing tourism, where development of the road network to enable game viewing often leads to land degradation. Furthermore, off-road driving is common in such game parks, leading to soil compaction and crusting. Guidelines for sustainable road network development and off-road driving exist but are impossible to apply without a soil map of the game reserve. This paper shows how a digital soil map can be used to create spatial off-road driving guidelines for the Phinda Game Reserve in South Africa. Phinda has a very high road density and therefore an additional aim was to designate roads for closure and rehabilitation, without decreasing the opportunity to view predators. A soil class map with a Kappa value of 0.8 was created using the multinomial logistic regression algorithm and 133 soil observations. A soil sensitivity rating was assigned to each soil class based on the soil properties of the class. The off-driving guideline map showed that off-road driving should be prohibited on 6.7% of the area and can only be practised on 41% of the area when not bare or overgrazed. Using the soil sensitivity map and the locations of accommodation camps and predator sighting hotspots, roads were designated for closure and rehabilitation. In total, 207 km of 17% of roads were designated for closure. These roads were outside of predator hotspot areas and would therefore not negatively affect the touristic experience. This paper gives a blueprint to develop spatial off-road driving guidelines and sustainable road network design in game reserves using digital soil mapping and could be applied to similar game parks throughout Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bsssjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.70182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144935130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Acid Sulfate Soil Transformation Models to Manage Disturbed Freshwater Wetlands on Norfolk Island","authors":"R. W. Fitzpatrick,&nbsp;B. P. Thomas,&nbsp;S. R. Philip","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70181","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ejss.70181","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper describes models used to explain Acid Sulfate Soil (ASS) transformation processes on Norfolk Island wetlands. Prolonged drying (1970–2020) and a range of human disturbances (from cattle pugging to excavated drains) have led to lower groundwater tables and the formation of Sulfuric organic soils (pH &lt; 4). It builds on a companion paper, which provides the methodological framework by establishing five descriptive soil-landscape models of 14 ASS wetlands affected by anthropogenic disturbances over three drying-wetting cycles (drying until 2020, wetting in 2021, and flooding in 2022). The study aims to enhance land management and improve communication about ASS by applying four simplified soil-landscape models: (1) A descriptive model: Describes processes leading to transformations in the properties of ASS during drying–wetting cycles. It is based on the descriptive models of a range of scenarios presented in the companion paper. (2) An explanatory model: Shows ASS transformation processes, including wetting, drying, and disturbances from excavation and cattle pugging, highlighting reversible and irreversible changes. (3) A predictive (4D) model: Illustrates ASS transformation across diverse environmental conditions, considering three drying–wetting cycles and five disturbance categories. (4) Two predictive evolutionary models: Depicts long-term ASS changes under different conditions, identifying factors that stabilise or accelerate soil changes over recent geological time. These models help non-specialists (such as land holders and community groups) recognise ASS types, monitor changes, and implement either nature-based solutions or remediation management options. They could also be applied to other islands in the south Pacific region.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bsssjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.70181","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144929917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Properties and Distribution of Acid Sulfate Soils in Freshwater Wetlands During Drying-Wetting Cycles on Norfolk Island","authors":"R. W. Fitzpatrick,&nbsp;B. P. Thomas,&nbsp;S. R. Philip","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70180","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ejss.70180","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Freshwater inland wetland systems around the world have been significantly affected by human activities, particularly disturbances (excavation) as well as drying (drought) and wetting (flooding) scenarios. These impacts often result in lowered water table levels, which can have severe environmental impacts, particularly if acid sulfate soils (ASS) are present. If such soils are acidified, it can cause degradation of ecosystems and damage to infrastructure and the leaching of acidity and metals into receiving waters. This situation was identified on Norfolk Island following an extended run of dry years from 1970 to 2020. In the wetter years that followed the properties of the ASS changed depending on the severity of disturbance. The transformations that took place were investigated through description and sampling to 2 m deep on three occasions from 2020 (dry), 2021 (wet) to 2020 (flooding). These organic-rich wetlands with ASS span a range in severity of disturbance from cattle pugging (moderate), soil erosion, drainage, infill and cultivation (high), dam construction (very high), sheetflood erosion (severe) and deep excavation of drains (extreme). The study aimed to determine and evaluate the temporal and spatial variability of ASS in wetlands impacted by changes in the five anthropogenic disturbance categories across this drying-wetting cycle. Soil properties measured included pH, reduced inorganic sulfur (S&lt;sub&gt;Cr&lt;/sub&gt;), titratable actual acidity (TAA), retained acidity (RA), acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) and mineralogy using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Using this information, five descriptive soil-landscape models were constructed and supported by colour photographs. The aim was to enable ready understanding of ASS changes taking place. The models describe the variety of ASS materials, water movement and soil properties that can represent both reversible and irreversible changes. More specifically, the descriptive soil-landscape models illustrate how prolonged drying of hypersulfidic organic soils leads to the formation of sulfuric organic soils. These models also show how successive wetting and flooding in moderate to very highly disturbed wetlands transforms Sulfuric organic soils to Hypersulfidic and Monohypersulfidic organic soils under anoxic conditions (reversible changes). In contrast, these models also depict how wetting and flooding of in severe and extremely disturbed wetlands do not change Sulfuric organic soils (irreversible change) due to their being permanent disconnection from the water table. The descriptive soil-landscape models also illustrate how occurrences and formation of the iron-rich precipitates are significantly affected by drying-wetting cycles and anthropogenic disturbance. The following precipitates were prominent: (i) schwertmannite and ferrihydrite in ponded water and coating vegetation, (ii) iridescent floating films of schwertmannite and ferrihydrite on water, and (iii) ammoniojarosite coating veg","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bsssjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.70180","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144929522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tree Diversity Increases the Diversity of Soil Nematodes and the Density of Persisters in a Temperate Forest Experiment","authors":"Huimin Yi,&nbsp;Olga Ferlian,&nbsp;Simone Cesarz,&nbsp;Marcel Ciobanu,&nbsp;Nico Eisenhauer","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70183","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ejss.70183","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While tree diversity declines worldwide, the consequences for soil invertebrate communities remain unclear. Nematodes span all trophic levels and are valuable indicators for soil biodiversity, food web structure, and soil health. Here, we examined the effects of tree diversity on soil nematode diversity, community composition, and nematode-based indices in a tree-mycorrhiza diversity experiment with temperate, deciduous trees. Experimental treatments included tree communities with only arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) species, only ectomycorrhizal (EcM) species (one, two, or four tree species), or a mixture of both (AM + EcM; two or four species). We found that total nematode density, taxonomic richness, and Shannon–Wiener diversity increased significantly with tree species richness. The positive effects were primarily driven by increases in plant- and fungal-feeding nematodes, particularly, persister taxa. Moreover, AM tree communities hosted significantly more plant-feeding nematodes than EcM tree communities, while fungal- and bacterial-feeding nematode densities did not differ between the two mycorrhizal types. The increasing trend of plant-feeding nematodes with tree species richness was reversed in AM + EcM tree communities. Our results suggest that greater tree species richness can increase soil nematode diversity and, particularly, the contribution of persister taxa, but may also enhance plant-feeding nematodes. Mixing tree species with different mycorrhizal types may help suppress plant-feeding nematodes, which could be especially important in AM-dominated stands. These findings provide empirical support for increasing tree diversity, while accounting for mycorrhizal types, in the restoration and management practices of temperate forests.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bsssjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.70183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144929459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil Quality Variation and Its Driving Factors in Rubber Plantations of Tropical China","authors":"Rui Sun,&nbsp;Chuan Yang,&nbsp;Zhixiang Wu,&nbsp;Linlin Zhao,&nbsp;Guoyu Lan,&nbsp;Klaus Fraedrich","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70179","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ejss.70179","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding the key factors that determine soil quality is essential for the recent and rapid expansion of rubber plantations in the tropics. Tropical China is an ideal experimental area because its rubber plantations are geographically dispersed and belong to different climatic zones. Soil quality in this study was comprehensively evaluated using a soil quality index (SQI) based on 28 soil physical, chemical, and biological properties. The factors driving variation in the SQI of rubber plantations were analysed utilising redundancy analysis and a structural equation model. The results indicated that no age effect of the plantation on soil quality was observed in the same rotation period, whereas the SQI of rubber plantations was found to be relatively low after long-term cultivation. There was an apparent discrepancy in the spatial distribution of the SQI of rubber plantations. The SQI demonstrated a declining trend with increasing soil depth, with the SQI of the surface soil layer (0–10 cm) exhibiting a significantly higher value than that of deeper soils. Soil condition was found to be predominant in the SQI variation of rubber plantations, particularly the seven soil properties including saturated water capacity, easily oxidisable organic carbon, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus, total potassium, manganese, and zinc. The direct effects of geographical location, vegetation cover, and climatic variables on rubber plantation SQI variation were relatively weak, while they indirectly affected the SQI variations by influencing soil condition. The SQI results are expected to provide a quantitative foundation for enhancing soil quality in rubber plantations in the tropics.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144929460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Decomposition of Cellulose in Soil: Insights Into the Roles of Resource Stoichiometry and Water Content","authors":"Fatemeh Dehghani,&nbsp;Robin Christian Wagner,&nbsp;Evgenia Blagodatskaya,&nbsp;Steffen Schlüter,&nbsp;Thomas Reitz","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70184","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ejss.70184","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Decomposition kinetics of carbon (C) substrates in soil vary linearly with changing soil conditions until specific thresholds are reached, where metabolic pathways change completely. These thresholds challenge process-based modeling, e.g., by determining whether nitrogen (N) addition promotes or suppresses microbial respiration. Here, we aimed to identify such thresholds in cellulose decomposition imposed by C, N, and oxygen limitation by manipulating resource stoichiometry and water content in controlled experiments. Agricultural soils were incubated for 35 days under different cellulose amendments, at different water contents with or without nutrient addition. Resource stoichiometry coinciding with microbial biomass C/N ratios imposed a clear threshold behaviour on growth dynamics. Under C limitation (resource C/N &lt; 8), cumulative C release scaled with input; whereas under N limitation (C/N &gt;&gt; 8), this relationship broke down. When N-limited, N shortened the exponential growth phase by determining the onset of growth retardation, while N excess (C/N &lt; 8) delayed microbial growth across all stages. In both cases, the onset of growth retardation scaled linearly with resource C/N ratio, but at different rates for C and N limitation. Further, a distinct threshold behaviour was observed for water contents beyond field capacity. In soil with low microbial activity, wetter conditions accelerated growth by reducing resource limitation without changing cumulative C release. The same wetting reduced cumulative C release in soil with higher microbial activity, potentially due to oxygen limitation. These findings underscore the importance of identifying soil condition thresholds, beyond which microbial respiration shifts unpredictably, invalidating linear assumptions in process-based models.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bsssjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.70184","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144923373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Riparian Soils Inform Dissolved Organic Matter Delivery in a Norwegian Subarctic River","authors":"Marc Stutter,&nbsp;Leah Jackson-Blake,&nbsp;Maeve McGovern,&nbsp;Juliana D'Andrilli,&nbsp;James R. Junker,&nbsp;Peter Dörsch,&nbsp;Helen Watson,&nbsp;Stein Rune Karlsen,&nbsp;Benoît O. L. Demars","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70185","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ejss.70185","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Critical factors in dissolved organic matter (DOM) cycling are changing in subarctic to arctic systems, with less knowledge than boreal and temperate systems on soils, flowpaths, and biogeochemistry to inform process understanding and catchment modelling. We test the hypothesis that riparian soils accumulate appreciable concentrations of total and labile carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) and contribute strongly to subarctic macronutrient cycling across the terrestrial-to-aquatic interface. Such subarctic soils are rarely described, especially in terms of combining C, N, and P data together. We sampled hillslope to riparian transitions at four subcatchments (31–61 km²) of the 16,000 km² Norwegian River Tana (69° N) to: (i) assess soil C, N, and P concentrations, stocks, soil reactive chemistry, and water soluble macronutrient forms; (ii) understand spatial variability; (iii) consider the role of near-channel soils in DOM fate across scales in large subarctic rivers, including experimentation on subsoil DOM sorption and soil flowpath conceptualisation. Horizon-based differences in total C, N, P concentrations and water-extracted macronutrients showed wetter riparian and stream-side positions had enhanced total C, N concentrations and DOC concentrations (up to ~200 mgC/L). Stocks of C (2–28 kg/m²), N (0.1–1.2 kg/m²), and P (&lt; 0.1–0.9 kgP/m²) were highly variable, greatest in riparian positions in the plateau tundra sites. Similar P stocks to that of N suggest moderate P and low N supply to ecosystems. Organo-mineral soil transitions studied show lateral flows through high DOM source layers near-channel and important hillslope interactions between surface and subsoil pathways capable of retaining (30% DOC removal in column experiments) and altering DOM quality. Our data inform frameworks for DOM cycling in large arctic riverscapes, by: (i) showing strong DOM sources in near-channel soils highly connected to headwaters, (ii) understanding amounts and quality (absorbance properties and stoichiometry) of potentially transported DOM, and (iii) reactivity and flow routing controlling DOM mobility, sorption and alteration of DOM forms. There is a clear role for combining soil biogeochemistry and hydrology to look inside the catchment ‘box’ to better understand DOM cycling in changing ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bsssjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.70185","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144918844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on ‘First Signs That National Cropland Organic Carbon Loss Is Reversing in British Topsoils’ by Bentley et al.","authors":"Guy J. D. Kirk,&nbsp;David S. Powlson,&nbsp;Stephan M. Haefele,&nbsp;Achim Dobermann","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70187","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ejss.70187","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochar Reduces CO2 Emissions Compared to Sugarcane Straw but Induces Short-Term Priming in Tropical Soil","authors":"Fernanda Palmeira Gabetto,&nbsp;Bernardo Melo Montes Nogueira Borges,&nbsp;João Luís Nunes Carvalho","doi":"10.1111/ejss.70186","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ejss.70186","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biochar is recognised as a feasible carbon dioxide (CO₂) removal technology for achieving net-zero carbon (C) targets to address climate change; however, once applied to the soil, biochar may behave differently compared to fresh biomass. Our study aimed to evaluate the effects of biochar and sugarcane straw on soil CO₂ emission dynamics in a weathered tropical soil. A 56-day incubation experiment was conducted following a completely randomised design, with four replicates and three treatments: soil, soil + straw, and soil + biochar. Gas samples were collected weekly until day 28 to assess the isotope signature of the CO₂ emitted, and until day 56 to determine the total CO₂ emission. Our results demonstrated that biochar was more effective in reducing CO₂ losses as it increased mineralisation rates by 19%, whereas sugarcane straw increased by 126%. Both organic amendments initially induced a positive priming effect; however, for biochar, this response was short-lived. Cumulative, priming effect, and amendment-derived CO₂ emissions had a positive correlation with labile C, oxygen, nitrogen, and C<span></span>O, which were mainly seen in sugarcane straw. We conclude that, while biochar may be considered an effective tool for reducing CO₂ losses due to its chemical stability, its initial positive priming effect should be taken into account in future studies assessing its C sequestration potential in tropical environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12043,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Science","volume":"76 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bsssjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejss.70186","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144910224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}