European Journal of Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Longitudinal associations between vitamin D status and biomarkers of inflammation in a pan-European cohort of children and adolescents.","authors":"Maike Wolters, Ronja Foraita, Luis A Moreno, Dénes Molnár, Paola Russo, Michael Tornaritis, Stefaan De Henauw, Lauren Lissner, Toomas Veidebaum, Theresa Winter, Manuela Marron, Rajini Nagrani","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03488-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-024-03488-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate longitudinal associations between the vitamin D status and inflammatory markers in children and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children from eight European countries from the IDEFICS/I.Family cohort with repeated measurements were included in this study. A linear mixed-effect model was used to model the association of serum 25(OH)D as independent variable and z-scores of inflammatory markers [CRP, cytokines, adipokines, combined inflammation score] as dependent variables, where one level accounts for differences between individuals and the other for changes over age within individuals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,582 children were included in the study. In the adjusted model, 25(OH)D levels were positively associated with adiponectin (β = 0.11 [95% CI 0.07; 0.16]) and negatively with the inflammation score (β = - 0.24 [95% CI - 0.40; - 0.08]) indicating that the adiponectin z-score increased by 0.11 units and the inflammation score decreased by 0.24 units per 12.5 nmol/l increase in 25(OH)D. In children with overweight or obesity, only a positive association between 25(OH)D and IP-10 was observed while in children with normal weight adiponectin was positively and the inflammation score was negatively associated. Associations of vitamin D with adiponectin and the inflammation score were stronger in girls than in boys and a positive association with TNF-α was observed only in girls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that an increase in vitamin D concentrations may help to regulate inflammatory biomarkers. However, it seems to be no benefit of a better vitamin D status in children with overweight/obesity unless their weight is managed to achieve an improved inflammatory marker status.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"3047-3060"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11519216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between vitamin A supplementation and stunting and anemia in socially vulnerable Brazilian children.","authors":"Luiz Gonzaga Ribeiro Silva-Neto, João Eudes Dos Santos Neto, Telma Maria de Menezes Toledo Florêncio","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03480-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-024-03480-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Vitamin A is related to concentrations of insulin-like growth factor type 1, a protein produced in response to growth hormone, and to increased mobilization of body iron stores. Thus, vitamin A aids in increased hematopoiesis and may be useful in preventing stunting and anemia. This study aimed to identify the association between vitamin A supplementation from the National Vitamin A Supplementation Program instituted in Brazil and stunting and anemia in socially vulnerable Brazilian children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a Cross-sectional population-based study. Children aged 6-59 months old, living in favelas of a capital city in the Northeast of Brazil, were included. Sociodemographic variables were collected. Vitamin A supplementation was also evaluated using the child's vaccination card information. Anthropometric and capillary hemoglobin evaluations were performed to identify the presence of stunting and anemia, respectively. The association analysis was performed using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>598 children participated in this study; 11.3% and 55.6% had stunting and anemia, respectively. As for vitamin A supplementation, 59.5% had taken at least one dose of the supplement,and 3.5% were on the complete supplementation scheme. In the adjusted association analysis, vitamin A supplementation decreased the likelihood of children having stunting and anemia by 8% (RP:0.86; 95% IC 0.86-0.98; p = 0.014) and 31% (RP:0.69; 95% IC 0.53-0.89; p = 0.004), respectively. Children who were fully supplemented were 58% (RP:0.42; 95% IC 0.24-0.77; p = 0.008) less likely to have anemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thus, vitamin A supplementation is a protective tool against stunting and anemia in children living in a situation of social vulnerability.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"3281-3288"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to EAT-Lancet reference diet and risk of premature coronary artery diseases: a multi-center case-control study.","authors":"Amirhossein Ataei Kachouei, Noushin Mohammadifard, Fahimeh Haghighatdoost, Parisa Hajihashemi, Ehsan Zarepur, Fereydoon Nouhi, Tooba Kazemi, Nahid Salehi, Kamal Solati, Samad Ghaffari, Mahboobeh Gholipour, Habib Heybar, Hassan Alikhasi, Nizal Sarrafzadegan","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03475-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-024-03475-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2019, a globally sustainable dietary pattern that primarily emphasizes the consumption of plant-based foods was proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commission. However, there is limited evidence regarding the association of this diet with coronary events.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the association between the EAT-Lancet Reference Diet (ELD) and premature coronary artery disease (PCAD) risk and its severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multi-center, case-control study was conducted within the framework of the Iran premature coronary artery disease (I-PAD). A total of 3185 participants aged under 70 years in women and 60 years in men were included. Cases were those whose coronary angiography showed stenosis ≥ 75% in at least one vessel or ≥ 50% in the left main artery (n = 2033), while the controls had normal angiography results (n = 1152). Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression was utilized to examine the association between ELD and presence of PCAD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with individuals in the first quartile, those in the highest quartile of ELD (OR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.39; P for trend < 0.001) and ELD calculated with minimum intake (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.29, 0.52; P < 0.001) had lower risk of PCAD. Individuals in the highest quartile of adherence to the ELD and ELD with minimum intake had 78% and 72% lower risk of having severe PCAD compared with those in the lowest quartile, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An inverse association was observed between adherence to the ELD and PCAD risk and its severity. Large-scale prospective cohort studies are required to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"2933-2942"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary inflammatory index is not associated with bone mineral density in functionally able community-dwelling older adults.","authors":"Corey Linton, Mia A Schaumberg, Hattie H Wright","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03500-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-024-03500-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteoporosis poses a significant health and quality-of-life burden on older adults, particularly with associated fractures after a fall. A notable increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines associated with aging contributes to a decline in bone mineral density (BMD). Certain food components have been shown to influence an individual's inflammatory state and may contribute to optimal bone health as a modifiable risk factor, particularly later in life. This study aims to explore the relationship between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and dietary intake with BMD in community-dwelling older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Heathy community-dwelling older adults aged 65-85 years. DII scores were calculated using 24-h dietary recalls, and lumbar spine (L1-L4) and femoral neck (ward's triangle) BMD was assessed via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 94 participants were recruited (72.9 ± 4.9 years, 76.6% female) with 61.7% identified having an anti-inflammatory diet (average DII = - 0.50 ± 1.6), 88.3% were physically active, 47.8% were osteopenic and 27.7% osteoporotic. There was no significant difference between DII scores, nutrient or food group intake in groups stratified by BMD T-Score except for lean meats and alternatives food group (p = 0.027). Multiple regression analysis found no associations between DII and lumbar spine (unadjusted model β = 0.020, p = 0.155) or femoral neck BMD (unadjusted model β = - 0.001, p = 0.866).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most of this cohort of functionally able community-dwelling older adults followed an anti-inflammatory diet. DII and dietary intake were not associated with BMD. This research underlines the complex interplay between modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors on the BMD of older, physically active adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"3195-3205"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11519128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet quality indices are associated with breast cancer by molecular subtypes in Mexican women.","authors":"Brianda Ioanna Armenta-Guirado, Ángel Mérida-Ortega, Lizbeth López-Carrillo, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03502-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-024-03502-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inconclusive epidemiological evidence suggests that diet quality indices may influence breast cancer (BC) risk; however, the evidence does not consider the molecular expression of this cancer.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We aimed to evaluate if diet quality is related to molecular subtypes of BC, in women residing in Northern Mexico.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a secondary analysis of 1,045 incident cases and 1,030 population controls from a previous case-control study, conducted between 2007 and 2011 in Northern Mexico. Information about the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) was obtained from medical records to classify BC as luminal (ER + and/or PR+/HER2-), HER2+ (ER+/-and/or PR+/-/HER2+), or triple-negative (TN) (ER- and PR-/HER2-) cases. Food consumption was assessed with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Diet quality was evaluated using the Mexican Diet Quality Index (MxDQI) and the Mexican Alternative Healthy Eating Index (MxAHEI). We used unconditional logistic regression models to estimate the association between Mexican diet quality indices and BC molecular subtypes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MxDQI was related to lower odds of BC (OR_T3vsT1=0.24; 95%CI: 0.18, 0.31). Similarly, MxAHEI was negatively associated with BC (OR_T3vsT1=0.43; 95%CI: 0.34, 0.54). The associations of both indices remained significant in the ER + and ER- tumors, and in the BC luminal and HER2 + molecular subtypes, except in the TN molecular subtype for MxAHEI, which was not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings showed that MxDQI and MxAHEI were negatively associated with BC risk regardless of its molecular subtype.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"3223-3233"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EGCG suppressed activation of hepatic stellate cells by regulating the PLCE1/IP₃/Ca²⁺ pathway.","authors":"Ying Lin, Yan Zhang, Yang Li, Qihan Xu, Yijie Zhang, Tingting Chen, Jun Wang, Jierui Li, Jiacheng Gong, Zhuoer Chen, Qiaomu Yang, Xu Li","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03504-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-024-03504-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG), one of the green tea catechins, exhibits significant antioxidant properties that play an essential role in various diseases. However, the functional role and underlying mechanism of EGCG in stimulating of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) remain unexplored in transcriptomics sequencing studies. The present study suggests that oral administration of EGCG at a dosage of 200 mg/kg/day for a duration of four weeks exhibits significant therapeutic potential in a murine model of liver fibrosis induced by CCl₄. The activation of HSCs in vitro was dose-dependently inhibited by EGCG. The sequencing analysis data reveled that EGCG exerted a regulatory effect on the calcium signal in mouse HSCs, resulting in a decrease in calcium ion concentration. Further analysis revealed that EGCG inhibited the expression of phospholipase C epsilon-1 (PLCE1) and inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate (IP₃) in activated mouse HSCs. Additionally, EGCG contributes to the reduction the concentration of calcium ions by regulating PLCE1. After the knockdown of PLCE1, free calcium ion concentrations decreased, resulting in the inhibition of both cell proliferation and migration. Interestingly, the expression of PLCE1 and cytosolic calcium levels were regulated by reactive oxygen species(ROS). Furthermore, our findings suggest that ROS might inhibit the expression of PLCE1 by inhibiting TFEB, a transcription activator involved in the nuclear translocation process. Our study provided novel evidence regarding the regulatory effects of EGCG on activated HSCs (aHSCs) in mice by the calcium signaling pathway, emphasizing the crucial role of PLCE1 within the calcium signaling network of HSCs. The proposition was also made that PLCE1 holds promise as a novel therapeutic target for murine liver fibrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"3255-3268"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal preconception glucose intolerance and fatty acid intake from conception to weaning: impact on offspring energy homeostasis in both male and female.","authors":"Esther Alves de Souza, Laís Vales Mennitti, Aline Boveto Santamarina, Tatiana Palotta Minari, Andrea Jucá, Marcela Nascimento Sertorio, Luciana Pellegrini Pisani","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03485-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-024-03485-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Environmental factors in the early life stages can lead the descendant to adaptations in gene expression, permanently impacting several structures and organs. The amount and quality of fatty acids in the maternal diet in pregnancy and lactation were found to impact offspring metabolism. So, maternal diet and insulin resistance can affect the male and female descendants through distinct pathways and at different time points. We hypothesized that maternal high-fat diet (HFD) intake before conception and an adequate amount of different fatty acids intake during pregnancy and lactation could influence the energy homeostasis system of 21-day-old offspring. Female rats received control diet (C) or HFD (HF) for 8 weeks before pregnancy. During pregnancy and lactation C group remained with same diet (C-C), HF group were distributed into 4 groups and received C diet (HF-C), normolipidic diet based on saturated fatty acids (HF-S) or based on polyunsaturated fatty acids n-3 (HF-P) or remained in same diet (HF-HF). Maternal HFD in preconception, pregnancy, and lactation (HF-HF) led to lower glucagon-like peptide-1 levels in male (HF-HF21) compared to other groups (C-C21, HF-C21, and HF-P21) and compared to HF-HF21 females. Neuropeptide YY levels were higher in the HF-HF21, HF-C21, and HF-S21 male offspring compared to HF-P21. HF-P21 was similar to C-C21. Positive correlations were found among the energy homeostasis markers genes expressed in the offspring hypothalamus. Maternal diet changes to adequate quantities of fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation showed less impaired results but was not entirely avoided. A maternal diet based on PUFA n-3 during pregnancy and lactation seems to reverse the damage of an HFD in preconception. These results of homeostasis energy system disturbance in the offspring at weaning give us clues about changes that precede the onset of the disease in adult life - adding notes to the knowledge for future investigations of prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"3013-3024"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequent intake of high fiber and probiotic diets lowers risks associated with atopic dermatitis and house dust mite allergy: a cross-sequential study of young Chinese adults from Singapore and Malaysia.","authors":"Jun Jie Lim, Kavita Reginald, Yee-How Say, Mei Hui Liu, Fook Tim Chew","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03524-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-024-03524-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Dietary fiber intake may influence the risk and severity of atopic dermatitis (AD), a common chronic allergic skin condition. This cross-sequential study investigated the association between dietary fiber intake and various characteristics of AD, including house dust mites (HDM) allergy and dry skin, in 13,561 young Chinese adults (mean years = 22.51, SD ± 5.90) from Singapore and Malaysia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dietary habits were assessed using a validated semi-quantitative, investigator-administered food frequency questionnaire from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. We derived an amount-based dietary index to estimate fiber intake while studying its correlation with probiotic drinks intake. AD status was determined by skin prick tests for HDM and symptomatic histories of eczema. Multivariable logistic regression analysis, adjusting for demographic, genetic predisposition, body mass index and lifestyle factors, and synergy factor analysis were used to explore the association and interaction of dietary factors on disease outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High fiber intake (approximately 98.25 g/serving/week) significantly lowered the associated risks for HDM allergy (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]: 0.895; 95% Confidence Intervals [CI]: 0.810-0.989; adjusted p-value < 0.05) and AD (AOR: 0.831; 95% CI: 0.717-0.963; adjusted p-value < 0.05), but not dry skin. While probiotic intake was not associated with AD, it was significantly correlated with fiber intake (R² = 0.324, p-value < 0.0001). Among those frequently consuming probiotics, moderate fiber intake sufficiently lowered the AD risk (AOR: 0.717; 95% CI: 0.584-0.881; adjusted p-value < 0.01). Moreover, a fibre-rich diet independently mitigated risks associated with high intake of fats, saturated fats, and protein.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A high-fiber diet is associated with AD and HDM allergy. Moderate-to-high fiber intake, particularly in conjunction with probiotics, may further mitigate AD risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 1","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11608386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between hypertension, diabetes, depression, and serum calcium with the risk of all-cause and vascular dementia: findings from the UK biobank.","authors":"Xiaoxue Li, Jie Liang, Fanfan Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03556-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-024-03556-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The associations between serum calcium levels and the risk of all-cause dementia and vascular dementia (VaD) are not well understood. Additionally, the potential roles of hypertension, diabetes, and depression in this association need to be explored. This study aimed to investigate the links between serum calcium and all-cause dementia and VaD and to assess the role of hypertension, diabetes, and depression in that association.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this cohort study, data were extracted from the UK Biobank, a population-based longitudinal survey with baseline assessments from 2006 to 2010 in England, Wales, and Scotland. A total of 363 182 participants without dementia at baseline were included. Cases of all-cause dementia and VaD were identified through database linkage until December 31, 2022. The hazards of all-cause dementia and VaD were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Mediation analyses were performed to evaluate the mediation effect of hypertension, diabetes, and depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 13.8 years, 5 836 cases of all-cause dementia and 1 301 cases of VaD were identified. Participants with higher levels of serum calcium (in the third and fourth quartile, > 2.37 to ≤ 2.43 mmol/L and > 2.43 mmol/L) had a lower risk of all-cause dementia compared to those in the first quartile (≤ 2.32 mmol/L) (Hazard Ratio [HR] [95% Confidence Interval (CI)] in Q3: 0.87 (0.81-0.93), HR [95% CI] in Q4: 0.90 [0.84-0.97]). For VaD, HRs (95% CIs) in the second, third, and fourth quartiles were 0.80 (0.69-0.93), 0.76 (0.65-0.89), and 0.80 (0.69-0.93), respectively. Hypertension, diabetes, and depression significantly explained 18.67%, 2.57%, and 18.91% of the mediation effects on serum calcium-related dementia, respectively. Diabetes and depression contributed 1.85% and 15.34% of mediation effects on the association between serum calcium and the risk of VaD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study found that individuals with higher serum calcium levels (> 2.37 mmol/L) had a reduced risk of developing dementia. Hypertension, diabetes, and depression significantly mediated the association. These findings highlight the significance of considering serum calcium levels as a potential indicator for the development of dementia. Further, optimizing the treatment of associated diseases and managing risk factors, particularly for individuals with lower serum calcium levels, is important.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal association of serum vitamin D levels with urolithiasis: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Qi-Feng Zhang, He-Zhen Zhang, Sheng Wang, Li-Yuan Zeng","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03553-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-024-03553-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In light of inconsistent evidence from previous observational studies regarding the correlation between serum vitamin D levels and urolithiasis, this study aimed to investigate the genome-wide causal association between genetically predicted serum 25(OH)D levels and urolithiasis using the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we utilized genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics from the UK Biobank and SUNLIGHT consortium for serum vitamin D levels, as well as urolithiasis data from FinnGen. We employed bidirectional two-sample MR analysis to evaluate potential causal relationships. The primary MR analysis relied on the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, supplemented by MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode approaches. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to ensure result robustness, including Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, leave-one-out tests, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MR analysis indicated no significant causal effects of serum 25(OH)D levels on urolithiasis [IVW method: (kidney and ureteral stones: OR = 1.134;95% CI, 0.953 to 1.350, p = 0.155; lower urinary tract stones: OR = 1.158; 95% CI, 0.806 to 1.666, p = 0.428)]. However, according to the IVW results, genetically predicted kidney and ureteral stones were associated with decreased serum 25(OH)D levels (beta = -0.025; 95% CI, -0.048 to -0.003; p = 0.028), while they did not indicate a causal effect of lower urinary tract stones on serum 25(OH)D levels (beta = -0.002; 95% CI, -0.013 to -0.008; p = 0.662). A sensitivity analysis suggested the robustness of these causal associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our MR study did not provide evidence supporting a causal association between serum 25(OH)D levels and urolithiasis among individuals of European descent. However, there might exist a negative causal association between kidney and ureteral stones and serum 25(OH)D levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 1","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}