European Journal of Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Bovine dairy products and flow mediated dilation (FMD): a systematic review of the published evidence.","authors":"Martina Rooney, Joyce Lambe, Aileen O'Connor, Simone Dunne, Andrea Mills, Emma L Feeney, Eileen R Gibney","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03574-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-024-03574-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Evidence suggests bovine dairy products may have neutral or beneficial effects on cardiometabolic health, despite being a source of saturated fat. The dairy matrix, the structure and combination of protein, fat, and other nutrients, and how they interact with each other, is purported to be responsible for these beneficial health effects. Whether this relationship extends to endothelial function, as assessed by flow mediated dilation (FMD), remains to be elucidated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three electronic databases (PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Central) were searched from inception until 5th September 2024. This review included randomised controlled trials (RCT) investigating any bovine dairy intervention which considered endothelial function using FMD in humans with a non-dairy or alternative dairy control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 4,220 records identified, 18 reports from 11 RCT including 508 (53.3% male) participants, examined endothelial function by FMD and were eligible for evidence synthesis. Eight papers reported an improvement, nine reported no effect and one reported a decrease in FMD. The greatest effects were found in those with impaired health at baseline, with whey protein and high dairy intakes observed to be most beneficial.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bovine dairy intake has neutral or beneficial effects on cardiometabolic health. This review demonstrates that this relationship extends to endothelial function as assessed by FMD. Whey protein and high dairy intakes may be most effective, although further high quality RCT in this area are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 2","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11761514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute effects of beetroot extract and resveratrol ingestion on cardiovascular and cardiac autonomic modulation recovery after moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in individuals with coronary artery disease: a triple-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.","authors":"Luana Almeida Gonzaga, Andrey Alves Porto, Carolina Takahashi, Rayana Loch Gomes, Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei, Vitor Engrácia Valenti","doi":"10.1007/s00394-025-03582-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-025-03582-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the acute effects of beetroot extract and resveratrol supplementation (isolated and combined) on cardiac autonomic modulation and cardiovascular parameters recovery after exercise in individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>14 males with CAD were submitted to 4 protocols consisting of 30 min (min) of rest, 30 min of aerobic exercise on a treadmill (60% of the heart rate reserve HRR), followed by 30 min of recovery. Before each protocol, the subjects consumed 500 mg of starch (placebo protocol), 500 mg of beetroot (beetroot protocol), or 500 mg of resveratrol (resveratrol protocol), or 500 mg of beetroot and 500 mg of resveratrol (combined protocol). Heart rate variability (HRV) indices and cardiorespiratory parameters were determined at different times during the protocols.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regarding HR, significantly higher values about rest in the placebo protocol at all recovery moments (1st to 30th min) were observed. Significant differences were observed in the other protocols (beetroot, resveratrol and combined) from the first to the 20th min recovery. For SBP, significantly higher values concerning rest were observed at the first minute of recovery for all protocols. No differences were found for the HRV index between time and protocols.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The single supplementation of beetroot and resveratrol (isolated and combined) did not alter HRV and cardiovascular parameter responses between protocols. The consumption of beetroot extract and resveratrol enhanced vagal modulation and heart rate recovery compared to rest.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 2","pages":"67"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association and substitution analyses of dietary sugars, starch and fiber for indices of body fat and cardiometabolic risk- a NoHoW sub-study.","authors":"Karen A Della Corte, Dennis Della Corte, David Camacho, Graham Horgan, Antonio L Palmeira, James Stubbs, Berit L Heitmann","doi":"10.1007/s00394-025-03583-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-025-03583-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine the associations and substitutions of dietary sugars [extrinsic (free) or intrinsic (non-free)] as well as dietary starch and fiber intakes for indices of body fat and cardiometabolic health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dietary intake was assessed at multiple times using multi-day 24-hour recalls over 18-months for indices of body fat (body fat %, waist circumference, BMI, and weight change) (n = 1066) and at baseline and 12 months for cardiometabolic outcomes (LDL, HDL, HbA1c) (n = 736). Bayesian modeling was applied to analyze the probabilistic impact of dietary carbohydrate components using credible intervals for association and substitution analyses with repeated measures random effects modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A higher starch intake significantly associated with higher body fat %, BMI and waist circumference (WC) (all CrI > 0). Conversely, intrinsic sugar and fiber intakes were significantly linked to lower body fat indices, while free sugar showed no association. A 20 g substitution of free sugars with intrinsic sugars significantly associated with lower body fat (CrI: -4.2; -1.0%), BMI (CrI: -1.8; -0.4) and WC (CrI: -4.2; -1.0 cm), while substituting intrinsic sugars with starch resulted in significantly higher body fat, BMI, WC and weight change. Replacing starch with fiber associated with higher HDL-C (CrI: -0.0; 0.3) and lower LDL-C (CrI: -0.6; 0.1). Replacing free sugars with starch associated with a higher HbA1c level (CrI: 0.0;0.2).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results underscore the importance of distinguishing between intrinsic versus extrinsic sugars and highlight the potential benefits of increasing intrinsic sugars and fiber while reducing starch for better body fat management and cardiometabolic health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 2","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11761471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does physical activity level and total energy expenditure relate to food intake, appetite, and body composition in healthy older adults? A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Dilara Dericioglu, Lisa Methven, Miriam E Clegg","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03571-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-024-03571-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>With ageing, older adults (≥ 65 years) may experience decreased appetite, contributing to declines in body weight and muscle mass, potentially affecting physical capabilities. Physical activity (PA) has been suggested as a potential strategy to enhance appetite in older adults, but evidence supporting this is insufficient. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between PA levels, total energy expenditure (TEE), body composition, energy intake (EI) and appetite in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and eight healthy older adults (age 70 ± 4 years; BMI 24.3 ± 2.6 kg/m²) were categorised into three groups (low, medium, high) based on accelerometer-measured PA level (AMPA) and TEE from 7-day PA diaries. Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance. Energy and nutrient intakes were assessed using 3-day weighed food diaries. Appetite was assessed using the visual analogue scales at 30-min intervals throughout 1 day.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TEE was positively correlated with EI and % muscle mass (p < 0.05), with higher % muscle mass and TEE associated with higher EI. Energy and protein intake were significantly higher in the high TEE group than the low group (p = 0.03, p = 0.01; respectively). No significant differences in energy and macronutrient intake were observed across AMPA groups, and appetite components (hunger, fullness, desire to eat, prospective consumption) did not differ significantly in either the AMPA or TEE groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher TEE is associated with higher energy and protein intake, with body composition playing a crucial role. These findings highlight the importance of considering PA, TEE, and body composition in interventions aimed at improving EI in older adults.</p><p><strong>Clinical trail registration: </strong>clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05067036. Registered 2 October 2021, https://classic.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrials: </strong>gov/ct2/show/NCT05067036.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 2","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11761991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of dietary phenolic compounds intake on mortality in the \"Seguimiento Universidad De Navarra\" (SUN) Mediterranean cohort.","authors":"Zenaida Vázquez-Ruiz, Estefanía Toledo, Facundo Vitelli-Storelli, Maira Bes-Rastrollo, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González","doi":"10.1007/s00394-025-03581-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-025-03581-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant-based dietary patterns have been demonstrated to reduce the risk of non-communicable disease (NCD), including cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes, cancer, and all-cause mortality. Phenolic compounds (PC), abundant in plant-based foods, have been considered as instrumental in this attenuation of NCD risk. We evaluated the association between dietary intake of PC and the risk of all-cause mortality in a relatively young Mediterranean cohort of 18,173 Spanish participants in the \"Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra\" (SUN) project, after a median follow-up of 12.7 years. Intake of PC was estimated at baseline and repeatedly after 10-year follow-up using a 136-item validated food frequency questionnaire and the Phenol-Explorer database. During 236,329 person-years, 544 deaths were confirmed. Cox regression models compared low intake (lowest quintile) vs. high intake (the four upper quintiles merged, as a reference category) of total energy-adjusted PC intake. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for low PC intake among those participants aged over 45 years during follow-up were 1.32; 95% CI 1.02-1.71 for all-cause mortality, HR:1.44; 95% CI 1.02-2.02 for cancer mortality; HR: 0.88; 95% CI 0.47-1.66 for CVD mortality and HR: 1.69 95% CI 1.04-2.74 for causes of death other than cancer or CVD. In conclusion, a low intake of total PC was associated with a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality, and, specifically, a higher risk for cancer in a relatively young cohort. Among PC classes a low intake of flavonoids and phenolic acids showed significant effects for non-cancer/non-CVD mortality. Cherries, chocolate, apples and pears, olives, and coffee, were the major sources of between-person variability for total PC intake in our Mediterranean cohort.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 2","pages":"70"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11761832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of magnesium intake and cognition in the Healthy Aging Longitudinal Study in Taiwan.","authors":"Meng-Hua Tao, Shu-Chun Chuang, I-Chien Wu, Huei-Ting Chan, Chiu-Wen Cheng, Hui-Ling Chen, Marion M Lee, Hsing-Yi Chang, Chao Agnes Hsiung, Chih-Cheng Hsu","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03579-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-024-03579-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 2","pages":"72"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ellagic acid alleviates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by inhibiting ROS/NLRP3 pathway activation and modulating gut microbiota in mice.","authors":"Yanling Xiong, Zhentao Cheng, Yangzi Zhang, Ting Liu, Zhiling Wan, Cuiyun Xia, Binlan Zhou, Chunlan Shan, Derong Song, Fujun Miao","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03577-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-024-03577-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ulcerative colitis (UC) can cause severe oxidative stress in the colon, which can lead to tissue damage and an imbalance in the normal gut microbiota. Ellagic acid (EA) is one of the main types of plant polyphenols with improved pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. However, currently, the studies on the impact of EA on the gut microbiota and its potential to alleviate UC in mice through the ROS/NLRP3 pathway are limited. In this study, dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) was used to construct a UC mouse model, which was then treated with EA as an intervention for UC. The results revealed that EA alleviated the trend of liver, spleen, and weight changes in UC mice and improved colon oxidative stress, inflammation, and pathological damage. Mechanistically, DSS-induced UC indicated a significant increase in ROS/NLRP3 pathway-related factors, whereas EA intervention activated the Nrf2 pathway to reduce these factors. Furthermore, the DSS group had a reduced abundance of Firmicutes (59.02%) and an increased abundance of Bacteroides and Proteobacterium by 1.8 times and 10.16%; however, EA intervention reversed these changes, thus alleviating UC. The findings of this study revealed that EA could significantly enhance the composition of gut microbiota in UC and reduce the inflammatory response, colonic damage as well as oxidative stress caused by DSS by regulating the ROS/NLRP3 pathway. These results provide novel perspectives on the prevention and treatment strategies of UC and highlight the therapeutic benefits of EA in managing colitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 1","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Floralozone attenuates atherosclerotic vascular injury by regulating AMPKα/SREBP-1c pathway and down-regulating miR-33-5p.","authors":"Ya-Qi Guo, Hong-Lin Zhao, Jin-Ming Zhao, Shan-Shan Li, Liu-Wei Meng, Jiao Li, Yi-Wen Qian, Yin-Lan Li, Bao-Yue Cui, Shuang Guo, Peng Li, Chang-Zheng Li","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03578-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-024-03578-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe disruption of lipid metabolism in vivo is one of the central mechanisms in the development of atherosclerotic vascular injury (AVI). Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) plays a pivotal role in eliminating excess cholesterol, preventing lipid deposition in the aorta, and reducing plaque formation associated with AVI. Floralozone (FL) reduces endothelial cell injury in AVI rats by regulating sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) expression. However, FL's potential to prevent AVI by modulating cholesterol metabolism remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, network pharmacology and molecular docking predicted FL's potential targets in AVI protection. AVI rats were induced with a high-sugar, high-fat diet and vitamin D3 injection. FL intervention's effects on aortic pathology and lipid levels were assessed. The expression levels of SREBP-1c, PPARγ, ABCA1, and ABCG1 were evaluated. Raw264.7 macrophages were induced to form foam cells with ox-LDL, and FL's effects on the AMPKα/SREBP-1c pathway and miR-33-5p were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FL reduced lipid levels and SREBP-1c expression, increased HDL-C, promoted ABCA1- and ABCG1-mediated cholesterol efflux, and reduced aortic cholesterol accumulation. The AMPKα inhibitor dorsomorphin blocked FL's inhibition of intracellular cholesterol accumulation and SREBP1 down-regulation in foam cells. FL decreased miR-33-5p expression but up-regulated PPARγ, promoting ABCA1- and ABCG1-mediated cholesterol efflux. However, miR-33-5p mimic reduced FL-induced cholesterol efflux, while miR-33-5p inhibitor increased it.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FL may promote foam cell cholesterol efflux by modifying the AMPKα/SREBP-1c pathway and down-regulating miR-33-5p, which targets cholesterol metabolism genes (PPARγ, ABCA1, and ABCG1). These findings provide a new insight into the protective effect of FL on AVI.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 1","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of dietary protein on physical performance and body composition in middle age and older people having type II diabetes mellitus: a randomized pilot study.","authors":"Dionysia Argyropoulou, Tzortzis Nomikos, Gerasimos Terzis, Sotiria Tataki, Nickos D Geladas, Vassilis Paschalis","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03575-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-024-03575-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Protein supplementation has been proposed as an effective dietary strategy for maintaining or increasing skeletal muscle mass and improving physical performance in middle-aged and older adults. Diabetes mellitus exacerbates muscle mass loss, leading to many older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) experiencing sarcopenia, and vice versa. Our objective was to assess the impact of increased dietary protein intake on muscle mass, strength, physical performance, and the progression of T2DM in middle-aged and older adults diagnosed with this condition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 12-week randomized, controlled, parallel pilot study was conducted with 26 patients diagnosed with T2DM and had either low muscle mass, or low muscle strength or poor physical performance (age > 55 years old), aiming to investigate the effects of a protein-rich diet in sarcopenic and metabolic markers. The control group received 0.8-1.0 g/kg/day, while the intervention group received 1.2-1.5 g/kg/day of protein respectively. Body composition, muscle mass/strength and biochemical parameters were measured before and after the intervention period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Different kinetics of skeletal muscle index (SMI), appendicular lean mass (ALM), hand grip strength (HGS), gait speed (GS) and standing balance (SB) (p < 0.05) were observed between two groups. Specifically, the intervention group showed a significant improvement in HGS (p < 0.001) and physical performance (timed-up-and-go, p < 0.001; GS, p = 0.011; SB, p = 0.022), while the control group had its ALM (p = 0.014), SMI (p = 0.011) and HGS (p = 0.011) significantly reduced. The kinetics of metabolic markers indices was similar for both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Current recommendation for protein intake (0.8-1 g/kg/day) is certainly not enough to ameliorate the muscle mass loss in middle age and older adults' individuals with T2DM. In contrast, protein intake of 1.2-1.5 g/kg/day seems to be a more appropriate recommendation to combat upcoming sarcopenia, nonetheless the progression of T2DM was not interrupted.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 1","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Method to define recommended portion sizes for consumer guidance.","authors":"Alison L Eldridge, Evangelia Kotzakioulafi, Charlotte Debras, Li-Tang Tsai, Gert W Meijer, Fanny Salesse, Eileen R Gibney","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03573-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-024-03573-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Provision of nutrition information is mandated for packaged foods, but few countries regulate serving sizes. Our objective was to develop a methodology to establish globally consistent portion size recommendations for both nutrient-dense and discretionary foods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A stepwise systematic approach incorporated portion values from serving size regulations (n = 10), food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG; n = 90, aggregated into 6 regions), and reported food intakes from Europe and Australia. Global Portion Values (GPVs) for 50 food groups were derived as the median of all data inputs. Consistency was evaluated using 25th and 75th percentiles and dispersion of input values (percent of median absolute deviations (MAD)/median).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GPVs were calculated for 50 food groups organized into nine food categories: Milk/Dairy (n = 6 food groups), Protein Foods (n = 5), Mixed Dishes (n = 4), Grains (n = 7), Fruits/Vegetables (n = 5), Snacks/Sweets (n = 12), Sauces/Condiments (n = 5), Fats/Oils/Sugars (n = 4) and Beverages (n = 2). Data inputs for each portion value ranged from 6 to 18; only 4 foods had < 10 inputs; 21 had ≥ 15. Dispersion ranged from 0 to 33%; 88% of GPVs were considered \"consistent\" (dispersion < 25%) and 9 groups had 0% variation, indicating high consistency. Example GPVs include: 240mL for milk (16 inputs, 8% dispersion); 90 g for meat/poultry/fish main dishes (16 inputs, 13% dispersion); 50 g for bread/rolls (18 inputs, 20% dispersion); 130 g for canned vegetables (10 inputs, 2% dispersion); 30 g for chocolate (15 inputs, 17% dispersion); and 250mL for soft drinks (17 inputs, 20% dispersion).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This standardized approach provides clear and consistent portion recommendations that, if adopted, could help consumers make informed choices about appropriate portions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 1","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11698800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}