European Journal of Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Legume consumption among Israeli adults: results from a national health and nutrition survey.","authors":"Orit Ofir, Chen Dor, Aliza H Stark, Rita Dichtiar, Tal Shimony, Yael Bar-Zeev, Tali Sinai","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-03984-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-026-03984-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Substantial health and environmental benefits of legume consumption are reflected in dietary recommendations worldwide. However, data regarding legume intake are limited, particularly in Mediterranean countries. This study aimed to estimate and characterize legume consumption in the Israeli population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study used data from the Israeli Health and Nutrition Survey (2014-2016), a nationally representative sample of the population aged 18-64 years. A personal, face-to-face interview was conducted in the interviewee's home using a structured comprehensive questionnaire. Single 24 h dietary recalls (n = 2808) were evaluated to identify legume consumers, including quantity and type of legumes consumed. Consumers were defined as respondents who reported intake of any amount of legumes (beans, lentils, peas and soy) or legume-containing products. Demographics, health conditions, and lifestyle habits were compared between legume consumers and non-consumers. Multivariable logistic regression identified factors associated with being a legume consumer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Legumes were consumed by 31.1% of respondents. Median (interquartile range) daily legume intake among consumers was 40.8g (20.4-74.0), equivalent to ~ 0.25 cup per day. Chickpeas were most commonly consumed (67.0%), followed by lentils (14.5%) and dry beans (12.2%). Legume consumers were less likely to have chronic comorbidities [OR 0.54 (95% CI 0.37-0.78)], and more likely to be male [OR 1.41 (95% CI 1.2-1.65)] and born in Israel [OR 1.24 (95% CI 1.01-1.51)].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Legume consumption among Israeli adults was substantially below current guidelines. Further studies evaluating legume consumption worldwide and specifically in Mediterranean countries are needed, alongside public health strategies promoting legume consumption as part of healthy, sustainable dietary patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic modulation of gut microbiota with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis XLTG11 and Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8661 mitigates recurrent respiratory infections in children: a randomised-controlled trial.","authors":"Ke Chen, Weiwei Ma, Jiayi Zhong, Ping Yang, Nianyang He, Wei Jiang, Changqi Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-03989-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-026-03989-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTIs) in children are associated with substantial morbidity and healthcare burden. Modulation of the gut microbiota via probiotics represents a potential adjunctive strategy to prevent recurrent infections. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis XLTG11 and Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8661 in children with RRTIs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 120 children with RRTIs received either daily probiotic supplementation (1 × 10¹⁰ CFU/day; n = 60) or placebo (n = 60) for 3 months, with a 6-month follow-up. Primary outcome was clinical efficacy; secondary outcomes included gut microbiota composition (16 S rRNA sequencing) and plasma immune biomarkers (IgA, IgG, IgM, C3, C4).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Probiotics significantly improved clinical efficacy compared with placebo in both per-protocol [82.1% vs. 64.2%, p = 0.033] and intention-to-treat analyses [76.7% vs. 56.7%, p = 0.020]. Children in the probiotic group experienced fewer and shorter respiratory episodes, including fever, cough, and pharyngeal congestion (all p < 0.05). Probiotic supplementation increased beneficial taxa (B. breve, L. plantarum, S. salivarius, W. cetiin) and reduced potentially pathogenic taxa (Anaerostipes, Vibrio). IgG and IgM levels remained stable or decreased in the probiotic group, contrasting with increases in the placebo group, indicating a balanced humoral response. No adverse events were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Daily administration of XLTG11 and CCFM8661 for three months is safe and improves clinical outcomes in children with RRTIs, reducing new respiratory episodes and modulating gut microbiota and immune function. These findings support strain-specific probiotics as a viable adjunctive therapy in pediatric respiratory infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macronutrient intake in infancy and cardiometabolic health in preschool children from the EDEN mother-child cohort.","authors":"Ana Rita Marinho, Daniela Correia, Muriel Tafflet, Barbara Heude, Carla Lopes, Wen Lun Yuan, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-03979-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-026-03979-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Evidence indicates that early-life nutrition may influence later cardiometabolic health, but most studies examine individual outcomes rather than multiple markers. This study assessed the relationship between macronutrient intake at 12 months and cardiometabolic health at ages 5-6 years in preschool children from the EDEN mother-child cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Macronutrient intake was derived from 3-day food records, standardized as SD. Body mass index z-scores (z-BMI) were calculated using International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) references. Four sex-specific cardiometabolic phenotypes, based on anthropometric and biological data, were previously identified: \"Higher adiposity, blood pressure (BP) and insulin resistance (IR)\", \"Higher IR and lower adiposity\", \"Higher triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c)\", and \"Higher BP and lower adiposity\". Multivariable linear regressions examined associations between macronutrients and z-BMI (for 426 boys, 387 girls) and cardiometabolic phenotypes (256 boys, 221 girls).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In girls, higher fat intake at 12 months was linked to higher z-BMI at 5-6 years (β = 0.07 [95%CI 0.00; 0.15]). In boys, greater mono- and disaccharide intake was associated with a higher score on the \"Higher triglycerides, LDL-c, and lower HDL-c\" pattern (β = 0.22 [0.04; 0.41]), while in girls, it was associated with the \"Higher BP and lower adiposity\" pattern (β = 0.18 [0.01; 0.35]). Other macronutrients showed no significant associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In infancy, higher fat intake may contribute to a higher z-BMI in girls in early childhood, and higher sugar intake to less favourable cardiometabolic health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a pro-inflammatory diet on upper gastrointestinal cancer risk: evidence from a population-based cohort in high-risk areas of China.","authors":"Shanrui Ma, Yueying Zhang, Zhiyuan Fan, Feifan He, Xinqing Li, Ru Chen, Shaoming Wang, Wenqiang Wei","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-03970-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-026-03970-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Chronic inflammation plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis, particularly in upper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancers. However, the contribution of dietary inflammation to UGI cancer risk in the Chinese population remains insufficiently explored. This study investigated the association between energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) and UGI cancer incidence in high-risk regions of China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study included 43,153 participants enrolled between 2017 and 2019 in the National Cohort of Esophageal Cancer. The E-DII score, based on 22 dietary parameters, quantified dietary inflammation. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the relationship between E-DII scores and incident UGI cancer, with adjustments for age, sex, residence, lifestyle factors, medical history, and pathological diagnoses. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to address potential confounding effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a median follow-up of 55 months, 527 participants developed UGI cancer. Higher E-DII scores were associated with increased UGI cancer risk (hazard ratio [HR] for highest vs. lowest quartile: 1.75; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28-2.40; P for trend = 0.001). Significant associations were observed for esophageal cancer (HR = 1.81; 95% CI 1.03-3.18; P for trend = 0.050) and gastric cancer (HR = 1.69; 95% CI 1.16-2.47; P for trend = 0.009). Subgroup analyses and sensitivity tests confirmed the robustness of these findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the role of dietary inflammation in increasing UGI cancer risk and suggests that promoting anti-inflammatory dietary patterns may serve as an effective preventive measure in high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediating role of lipid metabolism on the association between egg consumption and frailty: results from a large-scale population study.","authors":"Jia Qiu, Yinghao Yuchi, Jian Zhang, Xiuli Tang, Xinlai Wang, Huanxiang Zhang, Zhenzhen Tian, Parastou Abbasian, Xiaotian Liu, Jian Hou, Fengling Wang, Chongjian Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-03969-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-026-03969-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human milk and total milk intakes of mixed fed infants: a cross-sectional study of infants aged 7-10 months.","authors":"Lisa Daniels, Anne-Louise M Heath, Rachael W Taylor, Bailey Bruckner, Aly Diana, Isabella Zinzan-Dickie, Neve H McLean, Alice M Cox, Emily A Jones, Ioanna Katiforis, Kimberley J Brown, Madeleine Rowan, Maria Casale, Rosario Jupiterwala, Michelle Harper, Cathryn A Conlon, Kathryn L Beck, Lisa Te Morenga, Pamela R von Hurst, Jillian J Haszard","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-03973-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-026-03973-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13124827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review of diet quality scores including diet diversity in relation to major chronic diseases, obesity and mortality in healthy adults.","authors":"Daniela V Nickel, Franziska Jannasch, Matthias B Schulze","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-03907-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-026-03907-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13124849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic and gut microbiota effects of ketogenic diet and exogenous ketone salts in a rat model of metabolic syndrome.","authors":"Alexandre Pereira-Rodrigues, Alexandre Gonçalves, Inês N Alves, Cláudia Sousa Mendes, Carolina Silva, Joana Campos, Benedita Sampaio-Maia, Inês Falcão-Pires, Ricardo Araujo","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-03967-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-026-03967-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13124902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of micronutrients on the risk of upper gastrointestinal diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Xu Zhang, Yu Cheng, Ru Ding, Juanjuan Gu","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-03966-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-026-03966-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigates the causal relationship between 12 micronutrients and 6 upper gastrointestinal diseases using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary data for upper gastrointestinal diseases were obtained from FinnGen, and micronutrient data were sourced from the IEU OpenGWAS database. The primary analysis method was inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, supplemented by MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode methods. Radial MR and iterative leave-one-out analyses were performed to identify and remove outlier single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the stability and reliability of the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MR analysis of IVW results revealed significant causal associations between genetically predicted selenium (OR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.01-1.15, P = 0.02) and vitamin B12 (OR = 0.60, 95% CI 0.43-0.83, P = 0.003) with chronic gastritis. After outlier removal, several previously non-significant associations became statistically significant: potassium with gastric ulcer (OR = 0.64, P = 0.030), zinc with gastric ulcer (OR = 1.12, P = 0.009), selenium with gastroesophageal reflux disease (OR = 1.05, P = 0.038), and vitamin B6 with gastric cancer (OR = 0.36, P = 0.018). All significant findings remained robust across sensitivity analyses, with no evidence of heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy after outlier removal.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This MR study suggests that genetically predicted selenium levels may increase chronic gastritis risk, while vitamin B12 may be protective. Novel associations were identified for potassium, zinc, selenium, and vitamin B6 after outlier removal, providing new insights into the roles of micronutrients in upper gastrointestinal diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13124885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol consumption and colorectal carcinogenesis: an exploration of the gut microbial pathway as a potential mediator.","authors":"Ane Sørlie Kværner, Einar Birkeland, Ekaterina Avershina, Edoardo Botteri, Cecilie Bucher-Johannessen, Markus Dines Knudsen, Anette Hjartåker, Christian M Page, Johannes R Hov, Mingyang Song, Kristin Ranheim Randel, Geir Hoff, Trine B Rounge, Paula Berstad","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-03960-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-026-03960-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13099788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}