European Journal of Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Longitudinal association of urinary DHPPA and DHBA with cardiometabolic risk markers in Chinese community-dwelling adults.","authors":"Yaling Shao, Zisuo Sun, Kewan Yin, Mengting Xu, Jiajia Zhao, Zhuang Zhang, Wanshui Yang","doi":"10.1007/s00394-025-03637-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-025-03637-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Epidemiological studies using dietary biomarkers to investigate the association between whole grain intake and cardiometabolic health are lacking. We evaluate the 1-year longitudinal associations between urinary alkylresorcinol (AR) metabolites including 3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-propanoic acid (DHPPA) and 3,5-dihydroxybenozoic acid (DHBA), biomarkers of whole grain wheat and rye intakes, and cardiometabolic risk markers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting blood glucose, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were repeatedly measured at baseline and after 1-year in 482 Chinese community-dwelling adults. Blood lipids and fasting glucose were assayed by electrochemical luminescence method. We assessed makers of inflammation and insulin response at baseline. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and ankle-brachial index (ABI) were measured after 1-year. We used linear models and linear mixed-effects models to analyze single measurement and repeated measurements, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Each 1 µg/g creatinine increase in urinary DHPPA concentrations was associated with a -0.72% (P = 0.027) and - 1.26% (P = 0.005) decrease in TC and LDL-C, respectively. Urinary DHPPA was also correlated inversely with interleukin 6 (β = -0.371, P = 0.018) and C-reactive protein (β = -0.487, P = 0.036) at baseline. Higher urinary DHBA levels were associated with lower levels of SBP and DBP, with the percentage differences per 1 µg/g creatinine increment of -0.65% and - 0.74%, respectively (all P < 0.05). No association was found between the urinary AR metabolites and arterial stiffness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study suggests that high intakes of whole grain wheat and rye, reflected by urinary DHPPA and DHBA, are favorably associated with cardiometabolic risk markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 3","pages":"112"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of whole blood multi-micronutrients with mild cognitive impairment in Chinese older adults: a matched case-control study.","authors":"Zehao Wang, Cheng Cheng, Huilian Duan, Xukun Chen, Wen Li, Fei Ma, Zhenshu Li, Jing Yan, Ruikun He, Zhongxia Li, Mengtong Yang, Zhenghua Huang, Yongjie Chen, Guowei Huang","doi":"10.1007/s00394-025-03629-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-025-03629-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Adequate micronutrients play a crucial role in cognitive health. Identifying relevant micronutrients and constructing risk prediction models can guide the prevention of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults. This study aimed to assess the associations of MCI with whole blood micronutrient levels and develop a nomogram for personalized MCI risk prediction in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the matched case-control study, 100 MCI patients and 100 matched controls by age, sex and education from Baodi District, Tianjin, China were recruited. MCI was determined by a modified version of the Petersen criteria. Whole blood levels of 9 vitamins and 5 minerals were measured using the dried blood spot technique. Weighted quantile sum regression was employed to identify the most significant micronutrients associated with cognitive function. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed, and a nomogram for predicting MCI risk was developed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High levels of vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin B₂, vitamin B₆, vitamin B₉) and minerals (magnesium, selenium) were significantly associated with lower MCI prevalence, in which vitamin B₂, vitamin B₉ and selenium were ranked as the most significant contributors to cognitive function. The ROC curves for vitamin B₂ and vitamin B₉ (area under the curve = 0.855) have superior diagnostic accuracy compared to individual assessments (p < 0.05). Based on these findings, a nomogram was developed using these two micronutrients to predict MCI risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The nomogram based on vitamin B₂ and vitamin B₉ can be effectively used to detect MCI early and guide preventive strategies in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 3","pages":"111"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of oxidative balance score with incident cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: findings of the UK Biobank study.","authors":"Licheng Cheng, Xuanyang Wang, Keke Dang, Jinxia Hu, Jia Zhang, Xiaoqing Xu, Sijia Pan, Xiang Qi, Ying Li","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03552-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-024-03552-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background & aims: </strong>To clarify how dietary and lifestyle factors work on diabetes-related cardiovascular disease (CVD), we investigated whether the increased risk of CVD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) could be offset by an increase in diet and/or lifestyle with antioxidant potential.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>A total of 7,658 individuals from UK Biobank (UKB) with T2DM but no diagnosed CVD were included in this study. We screened combinations of 16 nutrients and/or 4 lifestyles to calculate the Oxidative Balance Score (OBS), dietary OBS (DOBS), and lifestyle OBS (LOBS). Cox proportional hazards (CPH) regression models and mediation statistical models were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for covariates, CPH regression models showed inverse associations between both OBS and LOBS and CVD. The highest tertile of LOBS was significantly associated with a lower risk of CVD compared to the lowest tertile, with hazard ratios and 95% CIs as follows: Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) 0.81 (0.68-0.97), Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.79 (0.67-0.93), Atrial Fibrillation (AF) 0.56 (0.45-0.70) and CVD mortality 0.67(0.51-0.88). Correspondingly, the results of associations between the highest tertile of OBS and risks of CVDs above were ASCVD 0.80 (0.64-0.99), CAD 0.83(0.68-1.01), AF 0.73 (0.57-0.92) and CVD mortality 0.68 (0.50-0.92). No associations between DOBS and CVDs were observed [ASCVD 0.83 (0.66-1.05), CAD 0.86 (0.70-1.05), AF 0.77 (0.60-1.00), and CVD mortality 0.79 (0.57-1.10)]. These results were consistent in stratified analyses. Additionally, we identified a mediating role for C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell count (WBC) in the observed relations, with indirect effect and mediation estimates as follows: CRP - 0.003 6.0% (OBS and CAD), -0.008 17.2%, -0.003 11.7%, and - 0.010 14.5% (OBS/DOBS/LOBS and CVD mortality); WBC - 0.006 14.3%, -0.006 12.6%, -0.006 13.4%, -0.005 23.3% (OBS and CVDs), -0.008 11.8%, -0.008 11.9%, -0.008 11.8%, and - 0.005 5.3% (LOBS and CVDs).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sustained adherence to diets and lifestyles with high antioxidant potential may significantly reduce the risk of CVD in individuals with T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 3","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet, fruit and vegetables and One Health: benefits for health, environment, society and the consumer-proceedings of the 9th edition of EGEA conference.","authors":"Nathalie Komati, Elio Riboli, Joël Dore, Emma Boyland, Jean-Pierre Cravedi, Frans Folkvord, Jean-Michel Lecerf, Françoise Lescourret, Alain Peeters, Christian Reynolds, Benjamin Alles, Marie-Josèphe Amiot, Philippe Binard, Nathalie Delzenne, Nita Forouhi, Céline Giner, Boitshepo Giyose, Carmen Gloria Gonzalez, Marc J Gunter, Rémi Kahane, Anna Herforth, Roel Hermans, Diego S Intrigliolo, Giuseppe Montanaro, Davide Neri, Sophie Nicklaus, Pilar Santacoloma, Daniel Sauvaitre, Marc-André Selosse, Tim Smits, Saverio Stranges, David Thivel, Piedad Coscollá Toledo, Machteld Van Lieshout, W M Monique Verschuren, Kremlin Wickramasinghe, Gertrude Zeinstra, Claire Chambrier, Johanna Calvarin, Delphine Tailliez","doi":"10.1007/s00394-025-03610-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-025-03610-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To present the outcomes of the EGEA Conference on the state of knowledge regarding the contribution of diets rich in fruit and vegetables (FV) to human and planetary health, commonly included in the One Health concept.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The 9th edition of EGEA Conference (20-22 September 2023, Barcelona) provided a transversal and multidisciplinary perspective on the contribution of FV to One Health, in particular to the health of individuals, society and the planet. Nearly 150 international scientists and stakeholders discussed the current state of knowledge. These proceedings are based both on a literature review and the scientific studies presented by the speakers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Scientific evidence confirms the role of FV in preventing cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes; more evidence is needed on the effects and mechanisms of FV in cancer prevention. FV production and consumption helps ensure territorial cohesion and provides a denser, nutrient-rich diet with less environmental impact (except water use) than other food groups, but use of synthetic pesticides in FV production remains a challenge that could be addressed with agro-ecological solutions. Various factors influence consumer choice and behaviour towards FV consumption across the lifespan, with specific periods being more conducive to change. New research is emerging on the role of FV consumption in regulating gut microbiota and on both mental and brain health; the potential role of FV production and supply in tackling biodiversity loss and climate change; and better monitoring of FV consumption.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sufficient evidence confirms the contribution of diet rich in FV to One Health, with some emerging research on this topic. Concerted actions are required towards an increased consumption of FV and a more diversified and environmentally neutral FV production.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 3","pages":"108"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral intake of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. increased c-Myc and caspase-3 gene expression and altered microbial population in colon of BALB/c mice induced to preneoplastic lesions.","authors":"Andressa Ladeira Bernardes, Mariana de Fátima Albuquerque Pereira, Iasmim Xisto Campos, Larissa Ávila, Bruna Cristina Dos Santos Cruz, Marcella Duarte Villas Mishima, Manoela Maciel Dos Santos Dias, Tiago Antônio de Oliveira Mendes, Maria do Carmo Gouveia Peluzio","doi":"10.1007/s00394-025-03622-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-025-03622-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal carcinogenesis induces changes in the colon, such as the appearance of aberrant crypt foci (ACF). This process is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, such as diet. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. is a considerable source of phenolic compounds, such as anthocyanins, and dietary fibers that may exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and prebiotic properties, attenuating the appearance of ACFs.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate whether supplementation with 5% or 10% of dehydrated calyces of Hibiscus sabadariffa (DHSC) influences the composition of the intestinal microbiota and the expression of genes related to colorectal carcinogenesis in BALB/c mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The in vivo experiment lasted 12 weeks and the animals were divided into 3 experimental groups: the control group and the supplemented groups (5% or 10% DCHS) and induced pre-neoplastic lesions with the drug Dimethylhydrazine. Serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase markers, liver cytokine profile, gut microbiota composition and tumor protein 53, cellular myelocytomatosis oncogene, caspase-3 and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen gene expression were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Supplementation with 5% or 10% of DCHS altered the composition of the intestinal microbiota, increasing the abundance of the families Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Clostridiaceae and of the genus Clostridum, important producers of butyrate. Furthermore, 5% and 10% DCHS supplementation increased caspase-3 and c-Myc expression, respectively, which may suggest apoptotic events.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Therefore, the effects of DHSC, rich in anthocyanins and dietary fiber, on the composition of the intestinal microbiota and on the expression of genes associated with cell apoptosis may contribute to reducing the risk of developing preneoplastic lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 3","pages":"109"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143555399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron insight: exploring dietary patterns and iron deficiency among teenage girls in Sweden.","authors":"Anna Stubbendorff, Beata Borgström Bolmsjö, Tomas Bejersten, Eva Warensjö Lemming, Susanna Calling, Moa Wolff","doi":"10.1007/s00394-025-03630-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-025-03630-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This observational study examined the relationship between self-reported dietary patterns-omnivore, pescatarian, vegetarian, and vegan-and iron status among Swedish teenage girls. Additionally, we compared the consumption of various food groups in relation to iron status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from 475 female high school students in Malmö and Lund, Sweden, using questionnaires on dietary habits, iron supplementation, and demographic factors. Participants were classified into dietary groups: 347 omnivores, 38 pescatarians, 27 non-consumers of red meat, 60 vegetarians and 3 vegans. Blood samples were analysed for ferritin and haemoglobin levels to determine iron status. Iron deficiency was defined as ferritin < 15 µg/L, and anaemia as haemoglobin < 110 g/L if < 19 years and < 117 g/L if ≥ 19 years. ANOVA and logistic regression were used to compare biomarker levels and the prevalence of iron deficiency and anaemia across dietary groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Omnivores had the highest estimated ferritin levels (19.6 µg/L), which was significantly higher than pescatarians (14.7 µg/L, p = 0.03), and vegans/vegetarians (10.9 µg/L, p < 0.001). Overall 38.1% of participants were iron deficient. Vegetarians/vegans and pescatarians were significantly more likely to be iron deficient (69.4%, p < 0.001 and 49.4%, p-value 0.016, respectively) compared to omnivores (30.5%). Lower red meat consumption and higher intake of vegetarian patties and legumes were linked to an increased risk of iron deficiency. Anaemia prevalence (haemoglobin < 110 g/L if < 19 years and < 117 g/L if ≥ 19 years) was 3% across all dietary groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights a higher prevalence of iron deficiency among Swedish teenage girls adhering to plant-based diets. Public health strategies should promote balanced diets that ensure adequate iron intake and absorption while considering environmental sustainability. Regular screening and targeted dietary recommendations are essential for supporting the health of this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 3","pages":"107"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11880139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-study feasibility analysis on a composite biomarker of inflammatory resilience to quantify the effects of energy restriction on low-grade inflammation in overweight and obese individuals.","authors":"Mark C Dessing, Tim J van den Broek, Femke P M Hoevenaars, Willem J van den Brink, Milena Rundle, Gary Frost, Lydia Afman, Suzan Wopereis","doi":"10.1007/s00394-025-03627-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-025-03627-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Assessing the health impacts of nutritional interventions in metabolically compromised but otherwise healthy individuals is challenging, necessitating sensitive tools. Phenotypic flexibility offers an innovative way to measure homeostatic capacity during challenge tests. A composite biomarker of inflammatory resilience has proven useful in evaluating the health benefits of whole-grain wheat interventions in overweight and obese individuals. Expanding this method to other dietary interventions to combat low-grade inflammation is essential.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study investigated the feasibility of a composite biomarker of inflammatory resilience through secondary analysis of samples from two independent energy restriction (ER) trials, Bellyfat (NCT02194504) and Nutritech (NCT01684917). In these trials, fasting and postprandial inflammation was analysed using a variety of markers. Four composite biomarker models were developed on the basis of postprandial inflammatory marker responses via the 'health space' model method. These models were statistically evaluated for their sensitivity in detecting the effects of 12 weeks of ER.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The minimal composite biomarkers, consisting of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α, lacked the ability to detect postprandial intervention effects in both ER trials. However, in the Nutritech study, the extended, endothelial, and optimized composite biomarkers of inflammatory resilience displayed significant responses to the ER (all P < 0.005). In the latter 3 models, a reduction in the inflammatory score was correlated with a reduction in BMI and body fat percentage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the feasibility of employing a composite biomarker of inflammatory resilience to evaluate ER interventions. Further validation in additional nutritional intervention studies is necessary. Once validated, this composite biomarker could offer a novel approach for assessing low-grade inflammation and phenotypic flexibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 3","pages":"106"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11880040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-processed food, genetic predisposition, and the risk of kidney stone: a population-based prospective cohort study.","authors":"Song Bai, Yixiao Zhang, Yashu Liu, Honghao Yang, Jinguo Jiang, Qing Chang, Yuhong Zhao, Tingjing Zhang, Yang Xia","doi":"10.1007/s00394-025-03623-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-025-03623-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Whether ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption is associated with the risk of kidney stone is not explored. Furthermore, it remains unclear if kidney stone-related genetic predisposition could affect this association. Therefore, we aim to examine the associations of UPF consumption, genetic predisposition, and their interactions with the risk of kidney stone.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 166,427 middle-aged participants from the UK Biobank were enrolled. UPF intake was assessed according to the NOVA food classification system and based on 24-h dietary recalls. A polygenic-risk score (PRS) of 20 single-nucleotide polymorphisms was calculated for kidney stone. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to investigate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the risk of incident kidney stone.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 1,510,300 person-years of follow-up, 1369 participants developed kidney stone. UPF consumption was positively associated with the risk of kidney stone (P for trend < 0.01). Compared with participants in the first tertile of UPF intake, those in the third tertile had a 24% (HR: 1.24; 95% CI 1.07-1.43) increased risk of kidney stone. Compared to total UPF intake, the consumption of UPF excluding yogurt and cereals was associated with a greater risk of kidney stones (HR: 1.32; 95% CI 1.15-1.51). Even though no significant interaction effect between UPF and PRS was found (P for interaction = 0.09), this association was only observed in participants with low and middle PRS, but not in those with high PRS. In the joint association analysis, compared to participants with low UPF consumption and PRS, those with high UPF consumption and PRS experienced the highest risk of kidney stone (HR: 1.95, 95% CI 1.51, 2.51). This association was consistently observed in participants regardless of sex, age, and BMI.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The results demonstrated that higher consumption of UPF is associated with an increased risk of kidney stone. These insights could prove valuable for informing public health policies aimed at preventing kidney stone. Further intervention studies are needed to confirm and elaborate on our results.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 2","pages":"103"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of high lodine and fluoride intake on children's IQ in rural China.","authors":"Yuting Xia, Yunjie Ye, Mao Liu, Yang Wang, Li Shang, Peihua Wang, Hong Sun","doi":"10.1007/s00394-025-03617-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-025-03617-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Excessive intake of both fluorine and iodine can lead to various health effects. The potential influence of excessive fluorine and iodine intake on the intelligence of school-age children has become a notable concern.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the relationship between urinary fluoride (UF) levels, urinary iodine (UI) levels, and intelligence quotient (IQ).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved 711 children aged 8 to 12 from rural Jiangsu, China. Water iodine levels were measured using As³⁺-Ce⁴⁺ catalytic spectrophotometry, while UI levels were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Fluoride levels in urine and drinking water were measured using the ion-selective electrode method. Children's cognitive function, evaluated through IQ scores, was assessed using the Combined Raven's Test. The results were considered significant at the P < 0.05 level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average IQ score was 107.6, the median UF was 281 µg/L, and the median UI was 1.39 mg/L. The correlation coefficient (β) and confidence interval (95%CI) for UF and UI on IQ were - 3.34 (-4.14, -2.43) and - 3.31 (-4.19, -2.41), respectively (P < 0.001, P < 0.001). UF > 1.4 mg/L and UI ≥ 300 µg/L were negatively correlated with IQ scores in all school-age children (P < 0.001, P < 0.001), with β and 95% CIs of -3.59 (-5.45, -1.74), -4.06 (-5.91, -2.21), respectively. The interaction term (UF > 1.4 mg/L: UI ≥ 300 µg/L) was negatively correlated with IQ scores in all (P = 0.041) and female school-age children (P = 0.007), with β and 95%CIs of -4.43 (-8.66, -0.19) and - 8.87 (-15.16, -2.40), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High levels of both fluoride and iodine intake negatively affect the IQ of school-age children. Monitoring and regulating these elements in children's diets is essential to prevent cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 2","pages":"104"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of consumption of vitamin D fortified foods on serum vitamin D concentrations and vitamin D status in families living in Pune, India: an effectiveness study.","authors":"Rubina Mandlik, Swapna Deshpande, Dipali Ladkat, Vivek Patwardhan, Anuradha Khadilkar","doi":"10.1007/s00394-025-03624-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-025-03624-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Research on the effectiveness of food fortification in addressing vitamin D deficiency among Indians is scarce. Thus, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of consumption of vitamin D fortified foods among families living in Pune, India over 2 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data in this community-based, longitudinal study were collected from 104 families recruited in two arms [Fortified: 51 families (180 participants); Unfortified: 53 families (173 participants)]. Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry was used to estimate serum 25OHD₂ and 25OHD₃ concentrations. Difference in the mean change in 25OHD₂ concentrations over 2 years between the two arms was the primary endpoint. Improvement of vitamin D status at endline was the secondary endpoint.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Consumption of vitamin D rich foods was rarely reported. Participants in the fortified arm consumed an average of 42.5% of the RDA for vitamin D (255 IU vitamin D/day) throughout the study period. Endline 25OHD₂ concentrations in children and adults in the fortified arm were higher by 1.3 and 1.2 nmol/L, respectively, as compared to their unfortified arm counterparts, after adjusting for age and body fat. Neither the change in total 25OHD concentrations nor the improvement in D status were significantly different between the arms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current vitamin D fortification strategy in India, while effective in maintaining the vitamin D₂ concentrations in both children and adults, was ineffective in improving total vitamin D concentrations or status. There is a need for reassessment of the Indian food fortification policy regarding fortificant type, amount, and vehicle to achieve desired outcomes effectively.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinical Trials identifier NCT05541094 (date: 21st March 2023)-retrospectively registered.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"64 2","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}