European Journal of Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Satiety responsiveness following dietary exposure to ultra-processed foods differing in texture-derived eating rate: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled crossover diet intervention.","authors":"Marieke van Bruinessen, Zhen Liu, Lise A J Heuven, Markus Stieger, Marlou P Lasschuijt, Ciarán G Forde","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-04111-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-026-04111-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Disrupted satiety signalling has been proposed as a possible mechanism driving high energy intakes associated with the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs). We examined whether transitioning from a diet low in UPFs to a high-UPF diet affects satiety responsiveness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a randomized crossover trial, participants (n = 32; mean ± SD: age 27 ± 2 y; BMI 23.6 ± 2.3 kg/m²) with habitual low-UPF intakes completed two 14-day UPF diets (~ 95%EN from UPFs), separated by a 14-day washout period. Acute satiety responsiveness was assessed using a mixed-meal tolerance test with a fixed-calorie load at baseline and following each 14-day diet. Subjective appetite ratings and plasma concentrations of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), ghrelin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), and peptide YY (PYY) were measured from 10 min prior to 180 min following the fixed-calorie load. Satiety responsiveness was also assessed over-time within each UPF diet-arm, through daily fasting-state appetite ratings prior to breakfast.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A small but significant difference was observed in acute subjective satiety ratings for total area under the curves (AUCs), with higher hunger and lower fullness AUCs following the high-UPF diets compared with baseline-measurements, though no significant differences were observed at individual timepoints (all, p > 0.05). Satiety hormone responses to the fixed-calorie load did not differ between baseline and following 14-day high-UPF exposure (all, p > 0.05). Within each diet period, fasting-state appetite ratings remained stable across days on both UPF diets.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results do not support the hypothesis that satiety responsiveness is disrupted following two 14-day periods of high-UPF diet exposure. The study was pre-registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT06113146).</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13612719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary fibre blend improves gut health in patients with irritable bowel syndrome following a low FODMAP diet: a randomised, double-blind control trial.","authors":"Ran Yan, Amanda Devine, Johnny Lo, Evania Marlow, Ian C Dunican, Kanita Kunaratnam, Lesley Andrew, Claus T Christophersen","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-04113-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-026-04113-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>A diet low in FODMAP may negatively affect the gut microbiota of some Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) patients, despite alleviating symptoms. This pilot study comprehensively explores the effects of a 3-week ur gut^® supplementation on gut microbiota, gut health, dietary intake, sleep, mental health and quality of life (QOL) in individuals with IBS following a low FODMAP diet.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult participants (n = 26, 3 males) completed a randomised, double-blind controlled study. Participants were provided with either ur gut^® (n = 13) or placebo (n = 13) for 3 weeks after a 1-week baseline. At baseline and end of intervention, blood, 24-h faecal samples and 3-day weighed-food diaries were collected. Validated questionnaires were used to evaluate mental health, sleep, QOL and gut symptoms. Participants reported daily IBS symptoms and wore a wrist-based actigraphy to capture daily sleep.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the intervention, both groups maintained baseline stable gut symptoms and sleep patterns. After the intervention, the ur gut^® group had lower energy (P < 0.05) and protein (P < 0.01) intake compared to the placebo group, and increased resistant starch intake (P < 0.001) compared to baseline. Changes in overall genus-level gut microbiota composition (P < 0.01), including Ruminococcus E (5.5-fold increase, P < 0.01), were observed. ur gut^® improved GI-specific anxiety (P = 0.01) and sexual subscale of QOL (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with placebo, ur gut^® increased dietary fibre intake, improved gut microbiota and gastrointestinal-specific anxiety without negatively impacting sleep, despite no changes observed in faecal and blood biomarkers. This provides a dietary strategy to support gut health without compromising symptom control in IBS. Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry http://www.anzctr.org.au/ , ACTRN12620000032954.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13612624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary vitamin C intake and the risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) Study.","authors":"Markus Mattila, Lazarus K Mramba, Sari Niinistö, Iris Erlund, Xiang Liu, Ulla Uusitalo, Carin Andrén Aronsson, Sandra Hummel, Brigitte I Frohnert, Hemang M Parikh, Stephen S Rich, William Hagopian, Jorma Toppari, Åke Lernmark, Anette G Ziegler, Marian Rewers, Jeffrey P Krischer, Leena Hakola, Jill M Norris, Suvi M Virtanen","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-04116-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-026-04116-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We explored the associations between vitamin C intake and the risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and/or type 1 diabetes in genetically at-risk children. Furthermore, we explored associations between vitamin C metabolism-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and type 1 diabetes outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The current study within Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) cohort included 8478 children followed up every 3-6 months for relevant autoantibodies and diet. Dietary vitamin C intake was assessed longitudinally throughout childhood using age-specific dietary assessment methods and analysed using repeated measurements. Cox regression was used for the primary analyses and Bayesian joint longitudinal-survival models as sensitivity analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 777 (9.2%) children developed IA, including 292 (3.4%) with IAA-first and 337 (4.0%) with GADA-first autoimmunity; 319 (41.0%) progressed to type 1 diabetes. Mean (SD) vitamin C intake was 60.7 (38.8) mg/1000 kcal. Higher vitamin C intake was associated with an increased risk of IAA-first autoimmunity (adjusted hazard ratio 1.04; 95% confidence interval 1.00-1.07, per 10 mg/1000 kcal increase) while lowest and highest tertiles of intake were associated with increased risk of GADA-first autoimmunity as compared to mid-tertile [(1.65; 1.20-2.27) and (1.42; 1.02-1.98), respectively]. Sensitivity analyses using Bayesian joint longitudinal-survival models supported the primary findings and suggested nonlinear associations between vitamin C intake and the risks of IA and multiple IA. Associations between vitamin C-related SNPs and study outcomes did not withstand correction for multiple testing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vitamin C intake was not consistently associated with IA or progression to type 1 diabetes. However, the observed nonlinear association, with lowest risk for moderate intakes, merits further investigation.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>NCT00279318, 06/09/2004.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13612646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to four plant-based dietary patterns and associated factors during pregnancy: the INfancia and Medio Ambiente cohort study.","authors":"Alejandro Oncina-Cánovas, Laura María Compañ-Gabucio, Laura Torres-Collado, Ana García-Novoa, Mònica Guxens, Jordi Julvez, Mario Murcia, Ferran Ballester, Ane Arregi, Miren Begoña Zubero-Oleagoitia, Guillermo Fernandez-Tardon, Marta M Rodríguez-Suárez, Antonio J Signes-Pastor, Jesús Vioque, Sandra González-Palacios","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-04104-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-026-04104-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Propose: </strong>This study examined adherence to four plant-based dietary patterns (PBDP) and identified sociodemographic and lifestyle predictors among pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed data from 2,404 participants of the INMA birth cohort study. Dietary intake was assessed using validated food-frequency questionnaires administered in the first and third trimesters. General pro-vegetarian (gPVG), healthful (hPVG), unhealthful (uPVG) dietary patterns and the relative Mediterranean Diet score (rMED) were categorized into tertiles. First tertile was the reference category. Multinomial logistic regression models estimated relative risk ratios (RRR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) to assess predictors of adherence to each PBDP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among participants, 61.2% aged ≥30 years, 34.3% had a university degree, and 31.6% reported smoking at the start of pregnancy. Older age (≥ 30 years) was positively associated with hPVG [RRR=2.04 (95%CI: 1.63-2.55)] and rMED [RRR=1.55 (95%CI: 1.25-1.92)], and inversely associated with uPVG [RRR=0.48 (95%CI: 0.39-0.60)]. Higher educational level was inversely associated with gPVG [RRR_university=0.69 (95%CI: 0.50-0.96)] and uPVG [RRR_university=0.54 (95%CI: 0.38-0.77)], whereas higher social class showed positive associations with gPVG [RRR_high=1.45 (95%CI: 1.07-1.97)] and rMED [RRR_high=1.43 (95%CI: 1.04-1.98)]. Latin American origin was positively associated with gPVG and uPVG. Smoking at pregnancy onset was inversely associated with hPVG and rMED, but positively associated with uPVG. Higher physical activity in the first trimester was positively associated with healthier patterns (gPVG, hPVG, rMED) and inversely associated with uPVG.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adherence to healthier PBDP was more common among older, more active and non-smoking women, whereas the uPVG pattern clustered among younger, less educated, less physically active, Latin American and smoking women. These findings may help identify population subgroups for targeted nutritional interventions aimed at improving diet quality during this sensitive life stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mediterranean pyramid: 30 years later, still relevant.","authors":"Francesco Visioli, Diego Martínez-Urbistondo, Miguel Angel Martínez-González","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-04114-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-026-04114-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The Mediterranean diet, which has its roots in the traditional eating habits of olive-growing regions, is widely recognized for its health benefits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Originally described by Ancel Keys and formalized in the 1990s by the Mediterranean Diet Pyramid, this plant-based diet has consistently shown protective effects against cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, various cancers, and cognitive decline. In recent decades, a growing body of evidence - including large randomized controlled trials such as PREDIMED and CORDIOPREV - has further demonstrated the effects on chronic disease prevention and longevity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In addition to these classic findings, there is growing evidence that the Mediterranean diet is also beneficial in areas such as liver health, particularly steatotic liver disease associated with metabolic disorders, chronic kidney disease, and mental health. Mechanistic studies highlight the role of (poly)phenols, other micronutrients, and fiber in regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, metabolic pathways, and the microbiota. The cultural appeal and palatability of the Mediterranean diet also encourage long-term adherence to the diet.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, this review examines whether the health effects of the Mediterranean diet go beyond the established areas and may represent a holistic strategy for the prevention of a wider range of chronic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13612718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge of lactose intolerance in Italian adults: a cross‑sectional assessment.","authors":"Giulia Carioni, Simona Dominici, Monica Guglielmetti, Angela Zinnai, Filippo Fassio, Michele Di Stefano, Patrick Maisonneuve, Maria Sole Facioni, Patrizia Gnagnarella","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-04106-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-026-04106-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess knowledge of lactose intolerance (LI) in Italian adults, identifying major knowledge gaps and factors associated with awareness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2024 and March 2025 among Italian adults (≥ 18 years). A newly developed 39-item online survey assessed knowledge of LI across four modules (definition, symptoms, diagnosis, and management). The knowledge score (range: - 39; +39) was calculated and participants were classified into three knowledge levels based on the tertile distribution of scores: \"low knowledge\", \"intermediate knowledge\", and \"high knowledge\"'. Univariable and multivariable ordinal logistic regression were carried out to investigate the association between respondents' characteristics and LI knowledge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2025 respondents (85.4% female) were included in the analysis. The mean knowledge score was 15.4 ± 7.6. Overall, 36.6% of respondents showed low, 32.2% intermediate, and 31.2% high knowledge. Common misconceptions concern the belief that trace amounts of lactose (e.g., in lactose-free products or medications) can trigger symptoms and that a lactose-free diet does not pose a risk for nutritional deficiencies. Questions on unvalidated diagnostic methods elicited many \"I don't know\" responses, reflecting uncertainty about their reliability. Female gender, confirmed LI diagnosis, higher education and nutrition training were associated with higher knowledge, with the latter showing the strongest association (Odds Ratio 10.8, 95% CI: 8.30-14.2).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight persistent misconceptions about LI and underscore the need for targeted educational strategies to improve public understanding and reduce inappropriate diagnostic and dietary practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13612621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between temporal meal patterns, cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular disease in Swedish adults: cross-sectional and nested case-control analyses.","authors":"Jenny Schultz, Lotta Moraeus, Sophie Hellstrand, Anna Karin Lindroos, Eva Warensjö Lemming","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-04118-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-026-04118-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Temporal meal patterns are suggested to influence cardiometabolic health, but existing evidence is limited, inconclusive, and largely cross-sectional. This study aimed to examine associations between temporal meal patterns and cardiovascular risk factors, and whether meal timing is associated with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 3812 participants (18-75 years) in the Malmö Offspring Study who completed 4-day web-based dietary records and provided fasting blood samples. Cross-sectional analyses assessed associations between temporal meal patterns and risk factors, while a nested case-control study evaluated associations with incident CVD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Meal frequency was nonlinearly associated with HDL-cholesterol, with the highest HDL levels observed at 4.7 meals/day. Each additional eating occasion was associated with 15% lower odds of metabolic syndrome (MS). Breakfast skipping was associated with higher total cholesterol (0.12 mmol/L 95% CI: 0.04, 0.21) and, among men, higher LDL-cholesterol (0.15 mmol/L 95% CI: 0.03, 0.26) but not with MS. Each additional hour of the eating window was associated with lower total and LDL-cholesterol (- 0.03 mmol/L 95% CI: - 0.05, - 0.01, and - 0.04, - 0.01) and a 7% (95% CI: 0.88, 0.98) reduction in odds of MS. A later first meal of the day, was associated with higher odds of MS (9% per hour, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.16). Prospectively, a later energy midpoint was associated with 31% higher odds of CVD (95% CI: 1.00, 1.74).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Starting to eat early in the day, regular breakfast consumption, an earlier energy midpoint, higher meal frequency, and a longer eating window may be associated with favourable cardiometabolic health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13612618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum lipidomic profiles associated with Mediterranean diet in overweight and obese breast cancer survivors: an exploratory study.","authors":"Jae Hwa Lee, Ji Seo Park, Jin Ju Park, Ji-Won Lee, Sang Hui Chu, Hae Won Lee, Young-Ran Yoon, Sook Jin Seong, Mi-Ri Gwon","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-04108-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-026-04108-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Among breast cancer (BC) survivors, overweight and obesity increase the risk of recurrence, underscoring the importance of dietary strategies for weight management. The Mediterranean diet (MD) can promote weight loss and reduce lipid levels. Analyzing alterations at the lipid species level can provide more detailed insights into the metabolic benefits associated with the MD. This study aimed to explore lipid remodeling associated with MD adherence in BC survivors through comprehensive lipidomic analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This exploratory ancillary study was conducted as non-randomized, non-controlled pre-post intervention analysis of serum samples collected before and after an 8-week MD intervention from 12 overweight or obese BC survivors. Fasting paired serum samples (n = 24) were used to profile lipid species using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in both positive and negative ionization modes. Multivariate and correlation analyses were used to assess overall lipidomic alterations. Participants were further classified into maintainer or improver subgroups based on changes in their Mediterranean diet score (MDS), and subgroup-specific lipidomic responses to the MD intervention were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants showed significant reductions in body weight, waist circumference, and clinical triglyceride levels, along with increased quantitative insulin sensitivity check index and MDS following the MD intervention. Forty-three putative lipid species were identified, predominantly characterized by reductions in triacylglycerols (TGs) enriched with saturated fatty acids. TG 16:0_18:0_18:0 and TG 16:0_18:1_24:0 exhibited strong negative correlations with MDS and positive correlations with insulin resistance markers. Significant lipid remodeling was observed only in the maintainer group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this exploratory study, adherence to an 8-week MD was associated with changes in body composition, metabolic markers, and the serum lipidomic profile in overweight and obese BC survivors. These findings provide preliminary evidence that MD adherence may be associated with lipidomic and metabolic changes in BC survivors, warranting confirmation in larger, controlled studies.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registry: </strong>http://clinicaltrials.gov , NCT03581630.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149007905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring an energy-density adjustment to the Nutri-Score algorithm for general foods.","authors":"Anna Amberntsson, Mari Mohn Paulsen, Marta Angela Bianchi, Bryndis Eva Birgisdottir, Anja Pia Biltoft-Jensen, Dina Moxness Konglevoll, Anne Lise Brantsaeter, Lene Frost Andersen, Marianne Hope Abel","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-04105-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-026-04105-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The Nutri-Score categorizes foods by nutritional value per 100 g or 100 ml, which may lead to poor discriminatory ability for products with low energy density and large portion sizes, like ready-to-eat meals. We hypothesized that adapting the Nutri-Score algorithm to account for variation in energy density could better capture nutritional quality, particularly in lower energy-dense foods like ready meals, without substantially affecting other food scores. The aim of this study was to perform a proof‑of‑concept evaluation of adapting the Nutri-Score algorithm for general foods to different levels of energy density.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized the Norwegian food databases Tradesolution and Unil (N = 25,813) to compare the energy-adjusted algorithm with the Nutri-Score 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The energy-adjusted Nutri-Score shifted food categorizations for 22% of products. Foods with low energy density, such as ready meals, showed increased scoring variation, indicating a more nuanced nutritional quality assessment, as intended. In these foods, we also saw a decline in favourable scores and an increase in unfavourable ones. However, high-energy-density food categories, like cakes and pastries, more often received more favourable scores. Also, the discriminatory ability between low-fat and full-fat products was reduced.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While the energy-adjusted Nutri-Score improved scoring differentiation for certain low-energy-density foods, it showed unfavourable side-effects, indicating that overall, it is not superior to the Nutri-Score 2023. Nonetheless, adapting the algorithm to energy density offers potential for improved nutrient profiling methodologies in specific contexts. Further refinement of the weighting system could address observed weaknesses, optimizing this approach for broader application.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149007929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health co-benefits of sustainable dietary transitions to reduced red and processed meat intake in the United Kingdom: a modelling study.","authors":"Patricia Eustachio Colombo, Olivia Auclair, James Milner, Angela Fontan, Silvia Pastorino, Sara Monteiro Pires, André Hesselink, Marie Löf, Rosemary Green","doi":"10.1007/s00394-026-04093-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00394-026-04093-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Reducing meat intake and increasing plant-based food consumption are priorities for chronic disease prevention and environmental sustainability across Europe. Previous modelling has outlined how policy interventions could shift dietary patterns to align with meat reduction targets, but the resulting health impacts remain unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We quantified the projected health impacts of the UK Climate Change Committee's (CCC) dietary targets-a 35% or 50% reduction in meat consumption-focusing on red and processed meat and substitution with vegetables and legumes, on incidence and mortality of key diet-related chronic diseases over 30 years. Dietary inputs were derived from an agent-based opinion dynamics model parameterised using the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey data, and health impacts were estimated using the IOMLIFET life-table model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Achieving the red and processed meat reduction components of the CCC's targets was associated with a projected increase in life expectancy of 7.2 (1.1-12.9) and 9.4 (1.3-15.4) months and years of life gained of 8.4 (1.3-14.9) and 10.9 (1.5-17.9) million, in the 35% and 50% scenarios, respectively. An estimated 3.4 (0.5-6.6) and 4.5 (0.6-8.1) million chronic disease cases could be averted. Up to 95% of health gains were attributable to cardiovascular outcomes, with three quarters linked to increased vegetable and legume consumption.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These exploratory estimates suggest policy-driven reductions in red and processed meat aligned with climate goals could deliver substantial public health benefits. While conditional on modelled behavioural trajectories, findings offer relevant insights for European strategies to reduce cardiovascular disease burden and promote sustainable dietary transitions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":"65 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148988640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}