European Journal of Neuroscience最新文献_第2页

Bassoon, Presynaptic Scaffolding Protein: Narrative Review in Health and Disease

IF 2.7 4区医学

European Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.70066

Ahamed P. Kaladiyil, Prashanth Lingappa Kukkle

{"title":"Bassoon, Presynaptic Scaffolding Protein: Narrative Review in Health and Disease","authors":"Ahamed P. Kaladiyil, Prashanth Lingappa Kukkle","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 The release of synaptic vesicles (SVs) at the synaptic junction is a complex process involving various specialized proteins that work in unison. Among these, Bassoon has emerged as a significant protein, particularly noted for its association with various neurological and aging-related diseases. Due to its structural and functional roles, Bassoon has become a focus of recent research, especially in understanding its implications in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.\u0000 In this narrative review, we explore Bassoon's structure, function, and its role across a spectrum of neurological disorders. Neurotransmission is a tightly regulated process that relies on specialized structures within the presynaptic terminal, such as the presynaptic active zone (AZ), to precisely control SV release in response to incoming signals. The AZ comprises a complex network of large, multidomain proteins, with Bassoon playing a crucial role in this arrangement. Bassoon facilitates the tethering and reloading of SVs, ensuring responsiveness to high-frequency signals, while also maintaining proteostasis at the presynapse. This involves orchestrating the localization of proteins essential for neuronal development and plasticity.\u0000 Bassoon's large size and unique structural features enable it to interact with and regulate the function of multiple proteins, making it integral to presynaptic functioning. Variants in the Bassoon gene have been linked to a variety of neurodegenerative and psychiatric conditions, including Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, multiple system atrophy (MSA), epilepsy, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and Parkinson's disease. This review delves into Bassoon's pivotal role in preserving presynaptic integrity and how disruptions in its functions may contribute to these disorders.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"61 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond Mechanism—Extending Our Concepts of Causation in Neuroscience

IF 2.7 4区医学

European Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.70064

Henry D. Potter, Kevin J. Mitchell

{"title":"Beyond Mechanism—Extending Our Concepts of Causation in Neuroscience","authors":"Henry D. Potter, Kevin J. Mitchell","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70064","url":null,"abstract":"In neuroscience, the search for the causes of behaviour is often just taken to be the search for neural mechanisms. This view typically involves three forms of causal reduction: first, from the ontological level of cognitive processes to that of neural mechanisms; second, from the activity of the whole brain to that of isolated parts; and third, from a consideration of temporally extended, historical processes to a focus on synchronic states. While modern neuroscience has made impressive progress in identifying synchronic neural mechanisms, providing unprecedented real-time control of behaviour, we contend that this does not amount to a full causal explanation. In particular, there is an attendant danger of eliminating the cognitive from our explanatory framework, and even eliminating the organism itself. To fully understand the causes of behaviour, we need to understand not just what happens when different neurons are activated, but why those things happen. In this paper, we introduce a range of well-developed, non-reductive, and temporally extended notions of causality from philosophy, which neuroscientists may be able to draw on in order to build more complete causal explanations of behaviour. These include concepts of criterial causation, triggering versus structuring causes, constraints, macroscopic causation, historicity, and semantic causation—all of which, we argue, can be used to undergird a naturalistic understanding of mental causation and agent causation. These concepts can, collectively, help bring cognition and the organism itself back into the picture, as a causal agent unto itself, while still grounding causation in respectable scientific terms.","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"61 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejn.70064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Test–Retest Reliability of Mismatch Negativity and Late Discriminative Negativity Response in Children With Listening Difficulties

IF 2.7 4区医学

European Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.70065

Mridula Sharma, Varghese Peter, Danielle Dennis, Gitanjali Raman, Suzanne C. Purdy

{"title":"Test–Retest Reliability of Mismatch Negativity and Late Discriminative Negativity Response in Children With Listening Difficulties","authors":"Mridula Sharma, Varghese Peter, Danielle Dennis, Gitanjali Raman, Suzanne C. Purdy","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70065","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to determine the test–retest reliability of MMN and LDN recorded to simple speech contrasts in children with listening difficulties. MMN and LDN responses were recorded from Fz and Cz electrodes for a /da/-/ga/ contrast twice within a 10-day period. To extract MMN and LDN, auditory-evoked responses to /ga/ stimuli presented alone were subtracted from the responses to /ga/ presented within an oddball sequence. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to determine test–retest reliability of MMN and LDN. Eighty-five children aged 7.0–12.8 years were grouped into four clusters; Cluster 1 included children with global difficulties (n = 34); Cluster 2 had children with poor auditory processing but relatively good word reading (n = 19); Cluster 3 had poor auditory processing, memory and attention skills but relatively good nonverbal intelligence and language skills (n = 14); and Cluster 4 had poor auditory processing and attention but relatively good memory skills (n = 18). At Visit 1, MMN and LDN were detectable at Cz in only 42% and 21% of participants, respectively. The ICC for the four clusters for MMN ranged from 0.36 to 0.76; LDN ICCs were 0.21–0.54. MMN was most replicable (71%) for children with listening difficulties in Cluster 3 with good nonverbal intelligence and language. The results do not support the clinical utility of MMN or LDN for objective assessment of auditory discrimination. Although MMN had better test–retest reliability, overall detectability was poor. Better detectability is required for any clinical utility in children.","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"61 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejn.70065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Early Alterations of Motor Learning and Corticostriatal Network Activity in a Huntington's Disease Mouse Model

IF 2.7 4区医学

European Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.70056

N. Badreddine, F. Appaix, G. Becq, S. Achard, F. Saudou, E. Fino

{"title":"Early Alterations of Motor Learning and Corticostriatal Network Activity in a Huntington's Disease Mouse Model","authors":"N. Badreddine, F. Appaix, G. Becq, S. Achard, F. Saudou, E. Fino","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that presents motor, cognitive, and psychiatric symptoms as it progresses. Prior to motor symptoms onset, alterations, and dysfunctions in the corticostriatal projections have been described along with cognitive deficits, but the sequence of early alterations of brain circuits is largely unknown. There is thus a crucial need to identify early alterations that precede symptoms and that could be used as potential early disease markers. Using an HD knock-in mouse model (HdhCAG140/+) that recapitulates the human genetic alterations and that shows a late and progressive appearance of anatomical and behavioral deficits, we identified early alterations in the motor learning abilities of young mice, long before any motor coordination dysfunctions. In parallel, ex vivo two-photon calcium recordings revealed that young HD mice have altered basal activity patterns in both the dorsomedial and dorsolateral parts of the striatum. In addition, although wild-type mice display specific reorganization of the activity upon motor training, network alterations present in the basal state of non-trained mice are not affected by motor training of HD mice. Our results thus identify early behavioral deficits and network alterations that could serve as early markers of the disease.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"61 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Possibility Space Concept in Neuroscience: Possibilities, Constraints, and Explanations

IF 2.7 4区医学

European Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.70038

Lauren N. Ross, Viktor Jirsa, Anthony R. McIntosh

{"title":"The Possibility Space Concept in Neuroscience: Possibilities, Constraints, and Explanations","authors":"Lauren N. Ross, Viktor Jirsa, Anthony R. McIntosh","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70038","url":null,"abstract":"Although the brain is often characterized as a complex system, theoretical and philosophical frameworks often struggle to capture this. For example, mainstream mechanistic accounts model neural systems as fixed and static in ways that fail to capture their dynamic nature and large set of possible behaviors. In this paper, we provide a framework for capturing a common type of complex system in neuroscience, which involves two main aspects: (i) constraints on the system and (ii) the system's possibility space of available outcomes. Our analysis merges neuroscience examples with recent work in the philosophy of science to suggest that the possibility space concept involves two essential types of constraints, which we call hard and soft constraints. Our analysis focuses on a domain-general notion of possibility space that is present in manifold frameworks and representations, phase space diagrams in dynamical systems theory, and paradigmatic cases, such as Waddington's epigenetic landscape model. After building the framework with such cases, we apply it to three main examples in neuroscience: adaptability, resilience, and phenomenology. We explore how this framework supports a philosophical toolkit for neuroscience and how it helps advance recent work in the philosophy of science on constraints, scientific explanations, and impossibility explanations. We show how fruitful connections between neuroscience and philosophy can support conceptual clarity, theoretical advances, and the identification of similar systems across different domains in neuroscience.","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"61 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejn.70038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Implicit Motor Learning Under Anodal or Cathodal tDCS During fMRI Induces Partially Distinct Network Responses

IF 2.7 4区医学

European Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.70053

Farsin Hamzei, Alexander Ritter, Daniel Güllmar

{"title":"Implicit Motor Learning Under Anodal or Cathodal tDCS During fMRI Induces Partially Distinct Network Responses","authors":"Farsin Hamzei, Alexander Ritter, Daniel Güllmar","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70053","url":null,"abstract":"How anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (atDCS) and cathodal tDCS (ctDCS) affect brain networks is still unclear. Previous fMRI studies have yielded controversial results regarding the effects of atDCS and ctDCS on fMRI activation. The present study hypothesizes that the choice of fMRI paradigm may be a contributing factor to this divergence. Therefore, the present study employed two distinct fMRI paradigms, characterized by varying degrees of complexity: finger tapping as a simple fMRI paradigm and an implicit serial reaction time task (SRTT) as a more challenging paradigm. Seventy-five healthy subjects were randomized to receive either atDCS, ctDCS, or sham stimulation during fMRI. The main effects of the blood oxygenation level–dependent (BOLD) signal were contrasted between groups. SRTT, but not FT, was capable of eliciting differences in modulatory effects on the network between groups. Analysis of functional connectivity between ROIs showed that atDCS and ctDCS shared common and distinct SRTT networks. Correlations between BOLD signal (in ROIs) and the reaction time (RT) recorded during fMRI showed that in the atDCS group, faster RT was associated with higher BOLD signal in the most ROIs, while in the ctDCS group, faster RT was mostly associated with lower BOLD signal activity. The sham group exhibited a combination of these associations. We suggest that atDCS accelerates RT by “pushing” the network, while the network response under ctDCS was a “compensatory” response. The polarity of tDCS differentially modulated the adaptive plasticity of remotely connected regions, based on the concept of functional organization of distributed segregated networks.","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"61 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejn.70053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forestwalk: A Machine Learning Workflow Brings New Insights Into Posture and Balance in Rodent Beam Walking

IF 2.7 4区医学

European Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.70033

Francesca Tozzi, Yan-Ping Zhang, Ramanathan Narayanan, Damian Roqueiro, Eoin C. O'Connor

{"title":"Forestwalk: A Machine Learning Workflow Brings New Insights Into Posture and Balance in Rodent Beam Walking","authors":"Francesca Tozzi, Yan-Ping Zhang, Ramanathan Narayanan, Damian Roqueiro, Eoin C. O'Connor","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70033","url":null,"abstract":"The beam walk is widely used to study coordination and balance in rodents. While the task has ethological validity, the main endpoints of “foot slip counts” and “time to cross” are prone to human-rater variability and offer limited sensitivity and specificity. We asked if machine learning–based methods could reveal previously hidden, but biologically relevant, insights from the task. Marker-less pose estimation, using DeepLabCut, was deployed to label 13 anatomical key points on mice traversing the beam. Next, we automated classical endpoint detection, including foot slips, with high recall (> 90%) and precision (> 80%). Using data derived from key point tracking, a total of 395 features were engineered and a random forest classifier deployed that, together with skeletal visualizations, could test for group differences and identify determinant features. This workflow, named Forestwalk, uncovered pharmacological treatment effects in C57BL/6J mice, revealed phenotypes in transgenic mice used to study Angelman syndrome and SLC6A1-related neurodevelopmental disorder, and will facilitate a deeper understanding of how the brain controls balance in health and disease.","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"61 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejn.70033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of the Impact of Motor, Nonmotor, Cognitive, and Psychometric Features on Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease

IF 2.7 4区医学

European Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.70044

Halil Onder, Ali Aydogan, Aycan Cemil Ulker, Selcuk Comoglu

{"title":"Investigation of the Impact of Motor, Nonmotor, Cognitive, and Psychometric Features on Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease","authors":"Halil Onder, Ali Aydogan, Aycan Cemil Ulker, Selcuk Comoglu","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 There are still debates regarding the pathophysiology of freezing of gait (FOG) in Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aims to investigate the potential contribution of the nonmotor symptoms in the pathophysiology of FOG. This was a cross-sectional observational cohort study where we enrolled all consecutive PD patients who applied to our movement disorders outpatient clinics at Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey, between January 2024 and August 2024. We performed comprehensive assessments including scales to evaluate both motor and nonmotor features, psychometric properties, and cognitive characteristics. In the hierarchical regression analyses, we sought to examine the contributory role of the motor, nonmotor, neuropsychological, and cognitive symptom load on FOG one by one. We included 45 PD patients with a mean age of 61.9 ± 8.6. The median disease duration was 5 years (range: 20), the median MDS-UPDRS-3-off score was 33 (range: 20.5). The comparative analyses between patients with (n = 21) and without FOG (n = 24) revealed that the scores regarding the MDS-UPDRS-1 (p = 0.04), MDS-UPDRS-3 (p = 0.00), MDS-UPDRS-3-axial subscore (p = 0.00), NMSS (p = 0.017), SMMSE (p = 0.02), forward counting (p = 0.044), backward counting (p = 0.015), JLO (p = 0.033), HAM-A (p = 0.006), and HDRS (p = 0.006) were all higher in the FOG (+) group. In the hierarchical regression analyses, the MDS-UPDRS-3-off score was the only predictive factor of FOG severity in the model evaluating the motor factors (B = 0.251, p = 0.000) and also the other models which we included the other nonmotor features one by one. Our findings showed that nonmotor symptoms, cognitive functions, and psychometric properties do not provide a contributory effect to the motor severity on the FOG severity.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"61 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GABA and Glycine Synaptic Release on Axotomized Motoneuron Cell Bodies Promotes Motor Axon Regeneration

IF 2.7 4区医学

European Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.70045

Ryan L. Wood, Paula M. Calvo, William M. McCallum, Arthur W. English, Francisco J. Alvarez

{"title":"GABA and Glycine Synaptic Release on Axotomized Motoneuron Cell Bodies Promotes Motor Axon Regeneration","authors":"Ryan L. Wood, Paula M. Calvo, William M. McCallum, Arthur W. English, Francisco J. Alvarez","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Motor axon regeneration after traumatic nerve injuries is a slow process that adversely influences patient outcomes because muscle reinnervation delays result in irreversible muscle atrophy and suboptimal axon regeneration. This advocates for investigating methods to accelerate motor axon growth. Electrical nerve stimulation and exercise both enhance motor axon regeneration in rodents and patients, but these interventions cannot always be easily implemented. A roadblock to uncover novel therapeutic approaches based on the effects of activity is the lack of understanding of the synaptic drives responsible for activity-mediated facilitation of axon regeneration. We hypothesized that the relevant excitatory inputs facilitating axon regrowth originate in GABA/glycine synapses, which become depolarizing after downregulation of the potassium chloride cotransporter 2 in motoneurons following axotomy. To test this, we injected tetanus toxin (TeTx) into the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of mice to block the release of GABA/glycine specifically onto TA motoneurons. Thereafter, we axotomized all sciatic motoneurons by nerve crush and analyzed the time courses of muscle reinnervation in TeTx-treated (TA) and untreated (lateral gastrocnemius [LG]) motoneurons. Muscle reinnervation was slower in TA motoneurons with blocked GABA/glycine synapses, as measured by recovery of M responses and anatomical reinnervation of neuromuscular junctions. Post hoc immunohistochemistry confirmed the removal of the vesicle-associated membrane proteins 1 and 2 by TeTx activity, specifically from inhibitory synapses. These proteins are necessary for the exocytotic release of neurotransmitters. Therefore, we conclude that GABA/glycine neurotransmission on regenerating motoneurons facilitates axon growth and muscle reinnervation, and we discuss possible interventions to modulate these inputs on regenerating motoneurons.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"61 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Olfactory Receptor Responses to Pure Odorants in Drosophila melanogaster

IF 2.7 4区医学

European Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.70036

Alja Lüdke, Ajayrama Kumaraswamy, C. Giovanni Galizia

{"title":"Olfactory Receptor Responses to Pure Odorants in Drosophila melanogaster","authors":"Alja Lüdke, Ajayrama Kumaraswamy, C. Giovanni Galizia","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70036","url":null,"abstract":"Olfactory coding relies on primary information from olfactory receptor cells that respond to volatile airborne substances. Despite extensive efforts, our understanding of odor-response profiles across receptors is still poor, because of the vast number of possible ligands (odorants), the high sensitivity even to trace compounds (creating false positive responses), and the diversity of olfactory receptors. Here, we linked chemical purification with a gas chromatograph to single-receptor type recording with transgenic flies using calcium imaging to record olfactory responses to a large panel of chemicals in seven Drosophila ORs: Or10a, Or13a, Or22a, Or42b, Or47a, Or56a, and Or92a. We analyze the data using linear–nonlinear modeling and reveal that most receptors have “simple” response types (mostly positive: Or10a, Or13a, Or22a, Or47a, and Or56a). However, two receptors (Or42b and Or92a) have, in addition to “simple” responses, “complex” response types to some ligands, either positive with a negative second phase or negative with a positive second phase, suggesting the presence of multiple binding sites and/or transduction cascades. We show that some ligands reported in the literature are false positives, because of contaminations in the stimulus. We recorded all stimuli across concentrations, showing that at different concentrations, different substances appear as best ligands. Our data show that studying combinatorial olfactory coding must consider temporal response properties and odorant concentration and, in addition, is strongly influenced by the presence of trace amounts of ligands (contaminations) in the samples. These observations have important repercussions for our thinking about how animals navigate their olfactory environment.","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"61 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejn.70036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0