European Journal of Medical Research最新文献

{"title":"Safety and efficacy of rivaroxaban vs. vitamin K antagonists in patients with atrial fibrillation: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Muhammad Shaheer Bin Faheem, Shamikha Cheema, Ahmed Ali Khan, Syed Tawassul Hassan, Syeda Takreem Fatima, Sumaya Samadi","doi":"10.1186/s40001-026-04139-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-026-04139-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is a condition that is five times more likely to cause a stroke and necessitates anticoagulation medication. In this regard, rivaroxaban, which is a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC), has emerged as an alternative to vitamin K agonists (VKAs). Nevertheless, its relative safety and effectiveness compared to VKAs were not well-studied. Thus, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to identify the safety and effectiveness of rivaroxaban among patients with AF. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251059453), and large databases, such as PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, were searched since their inception till March 2025. Outcomes of interest were risk of stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), bleeding, and mortality. The pooled risk ratios (RR) of each outcome were computed using the RevMan random effect model with 95% confidence intervals (CI). In total, four RCTs (n = 17,634) were included, out of which 56.4% of participants were taking rivaroxaban and 43.6% were taking VKAs. Rivaroxaban had a significant effect in reducing the risk of hemorrhagic stroke [RR: 0.59 (95% CI 0.37, 0.94), p = 0.03], systemic embolism [RR: 0.36 (95% CI 0.18, 0.71), p = 0.003], fatal [RR: 0.43 (95% CI 0.29, 0.65), p = 0.0] and intracranial bleeding [RR: 0.63 (95% CI 0.46, 0.86), p = 0.004] while also increasing the risk of death from cardiac causes. There were no significant differences between the cohorts as far as ischemic stroke, MI, Heart Failure hospitalization, mortality, and major and minor bleeding outcomes are concerned. Large-scale trials ought to be carried out to test its importance in enhancing major clinical results such as ischemic stroke, death, and major and minor hemorrhage in AF patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147354326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological trends and risk attribution of early-onset liver cancer: insights from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.","authors":"Xiaofei Fan, Xin Huang, Qianqian Wu, Yajun Miao","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-03790-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-03790-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early-onset liver cancer is emerging as a critical global health challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the burden of early-onset liver cancer from various perspectives, as well as the contributions of associated risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized data associated with early-onset liver cancer from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021 to assess the incidence and disability-adjusted life year (DALYs) burden. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was also calculated to evaluate temporal trends.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On a global scale, the disease burden of early-onset liver cancer decreased significantly, whereas only early-onset liver cancer due to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) showed an increasing incidence burden. Males had a substantially higher early-onset liver cancer burden compared to females. Regionally, Australasia exhibited the most rapid growth in the age-standardized incidence rate of early-onset liver cancer (EAPC = 3.09). By countries, the highest age-standardized incidence rate was observed in Mongolia (12.93 per 100,000). According to sociodemographic index (SDI), early-onset liver cancer burden demonstrated a significant negative association with SDI. Among risk factors, alcohol use played a leading role in the DALYs, and high body-mass index showed the largest increase over the past 32 years. Additionally, high-income North America accounted for the highest attributable proportions of high body-mass index in 2021.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Less developed countries bear a heavy burden of early-onset liver cancer, necessitating more effective interventions. Meanwhile, the escalating NASH-related early-onset liver cancer burden highlights the preventive potential of weight control, especially in high-income regions where a high body-mass index predominates.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147354270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet is inversely associated with the triglyceride-glucose index: evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.","authors":"Wenya Zhu, Qianqian Chen, Dawei Li, Yi Li","doi":"10.1186/s40001-026-04126-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-026-04126-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association of the triglyceride-glucose index, a validated marker of insulin resistance, with specific dietary patterns is unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 1999-2018 included 19,016 adults. Logistic regression, restricted cubic splines, and interaction analyses were used to evaluate associations between macronutrient intake and the triglyceride-glucose index. This analysis was designed a priori to evaluate whether a low-carbohydrate, high-fat macronutrient distribution (captured by PEC, PEF, and carbohydrate-to-fat energy ratio) is associated with the TyG index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher quartiles of percentage energy from carbohydrates and carbohydrate-to-fat energy ratio were associated with higher odds of an elevated TyG index, whereas higher quartiles of percentage energy from fat were associated with lower odds. Restricted cubic splines showed a positive linear association for carbohydrate energy and an inverse linear association for fat energy with TyG. Interaction analyses supported that a low-carbohydrate, high-fat pattern correlated with lower fasting triglyceride levels, and mediation analysis indicated that fasting triglycerides explained ~ 49% of the association between carbohydrate-to-fat energy ratio and TyG.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet was significantly associated with a lower triglyceride-glucose index; this association was primarily mediated by reductions in fasting triglyceride levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147354356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caffeine as a cardiovascular protective agent: a comprehensive review of mechanisms and outcomes.","authors":"Ameer Awashra, Mohammed AbuBaha, Bayan Mahafdah, Asmaa Sarama, Dana Alattar, Bara AbuBaha, Omar Abu-Khazneh, Ahmed Emara, Aya Milhem, Mohamed S Elgendy, Abdalhakim Shubietah","doi":"10.1186/s40001-026-04089-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-026-04089-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Caffeine, predominantly consumed through coffee and tea, has received growing attention for its potential cardioprotective actions. Evidence suggests a non-linear association between habitual intake and cardiovascular risk, with moderate consumption offering the most favorable profile. Given that caffeine is often ingested within complex beverage matrices, distinguishing the effects of pure caffeine from those of coffee components and preparation methods is essential for accurate interpretation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study synthesizes findings from epidemiological research, Mendelian randomization analyses, mechanistic experiments, and clinical trials to evaluate caffeine's cardiovascular impact. We assess key outcomes such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, stroke, hypertension, and arrhythmias. Mechanistic pathways are explored, including adenosine receptor antagonism, modulation of autonomic tone, influences on endothelial function and arterial stiffness, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, and indirect metabolic actions on glucose and lipid regulation. Additional analyses examine how genetics, comorbid conditions, and concomitant medications may modify individual responses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Integrated evidence from observational studies demonstrates a non-linear, J-shaped association between coffee and caffeine intake and cardiovascular outcomes, with moderate consumption associated with the lowest observed risk; however, Mendelian randomization analyses generally do not support a clear causal protective effect of caffeine. Pure caffeine and coffee-derived effects diverge in several respects: unfiltered coffee may elevate lipid levels due to diterpenes, whereas filtered coffee generally has neutral lipid effects. Habitual use is shown to attenuate the acute pressor response through tolerance development. Variability in cardiovascular responses is influenced by genetic polymorphisms, baseline blood pressure phenotype, concurrent illnesses, and interacting medications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, moderate caffeine intake generally appears safe for cardiovascular health. The cardioprotective links seen in epidemiological studies may be affected by coffee components, how it is prepared, and residual behavioral confounding, while solid evidence for a direct protective effect of caffeine is still limited. Remaining uncertainties highlight the need for future trials that isolate caffeine's dose-response from coffee matrices, incorporate genotype-based stratification, evaluate baseline hemodynamic phenotypes, and use standardized clinical endpoints. Such work is essential to clarify causal pathways and optimize the clinical relevance of caffeine-related recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147354223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a risk prediction model integrating WWI and lipocalin-2 for cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Kunyu Liu, Tong Niu, Junru Zhou, Ruoyu Sun, Shaohua Wang, Yang Yuan","doi":"10.1186/s40001-026-04164-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-026-04164-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the associations of the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) and plasma lipocalin-2 (LCN2) with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) -defined mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to develop a risk prediction model in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 410 patients were included. Anthropometric parameters, metabolic indices, plasma LCN2 levels, and neuropsychological test data were collected. Participants were randomly divided into a training cohort (70%) and a validation cohort (30%). Cognitive function was assessed using neuropsychological tests. MCI was defined based on MoCA scores (< 26). Predictors selected using LASSO regression were subsequently entered into multivariable logistic models. Model performance-including discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility-was evaluated in both cohorts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>WWI and plasma LCN2 levels were significantly higher in participants with MCI than in those with normal cognition (both P < 0.01). After adjustment for demographic and metabolic factors, WWI (OR = 1.753, 95% CI 1.337-2.299) and plasma LCN2 (per SD increase; OR = 1.680, 95% CI 1.255-2.248) remained independently associated with MCI. A multivariable model incorporating age, gender, education, WWI, and LCN2 demonstrated satisfactory discrimination [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.745 (95% CI 0.688-0.802) in the training cohort and 0.774 (95% CI 0.693-0.854) in the validation cohort], with acceptable calibration in both cohorts. The model showed higher discrimination than models based on individual predictors alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>WWI and LCN2 are independently and jointly associated with MCI in T2DM, and their integration may improve risk stratification for cognitive impairment. These obesity- and inflammation-related markers may serve as complementary indicators to support cognitive risk assessment in diabetes care.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147354253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the efficacy and safety of a 730-nm picosecond laser with a 532-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser for facial pigmented disorders: a retrospective comparative study.","authors":"Guanting Lin, Ruxin Zhao, Chunyan Guo","doi":"10.1186/s40001-026-04099-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-026-04099-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Laser therapies are commonly employed for their effectiveness in reducing pigmentation, yet the comparative efficacy and safety profile of novel picosecond lasers against established gold-standard treatments warrant further investigation. This study aimed to directly compare 730-nm picosecond laser therapy with 532-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser therapy, the traditional mainstay for managing facial pigmented disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective comparative study at a tertiary hospital in China enrolled 131 adults (18-70 years) with facial pigmentation disorders. The participants were categorized into two groups: 85 received a 730-nm picosecond laser and 46 received a 532-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. Treatment outcomes were compared via appropriate statistical analyses, including Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and multivariate regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 730-nm picosecond laser group demonstrated significantly superior outcomes compared to the 532-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG group, with a greater reduction in posttreatment pigmentation scores (2.55 ± 1.11 vs. 3.82 ± 1.45, p < 0.001) and a greater improvement rate (56% ± 10% vs. 38% ± 9%, p < 0.001). The picosecond group also reported fewer side effects (0.99 ± 0.59 vs. 2.25 ± 0.78, p < 0.001), greater patient satisfaction (7.96 ± 0.95 vs. 7.15 ± 1.52, p < 0.001), and superior dermatological outcomes, including lower erythema indices and higher elasticity scores. Multivariate analysis confirmed that picosecond laser treatment was the strongest independent predictor of treatment success (Adjusted OR = 4.85, 95% CI 2.51-9.38, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with 532-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser, 730-nm picosecond laser therapy is more effective and safer for treating facial pigmentation disorders. It achieves greater clinical improvement, enhanced patient satisfaction, and superior skin quality outcomes with fewer adverse effects, supporting its preferential use in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147354280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison between bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension and ropivacaine as local anesthetics for transversus abdominis plane block in postoperative pain management after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Yipeng He, Dandan Yin, Zhouquan Wu","doi":"10.1186/s40001-026-04153-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-026-04153-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postoperative pain management is critical for optimizing enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), where transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) is a standard analgesic technique. Ropivacaine, the most commonly used local anesthetic for TAPB in LSG, has a short duration of action (4-6 h), which may be insufficient to control pain for up to 72 h and increase opioid dependence. Bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension (BLIS) provides extended analgesia (24-72 h) but has not been rigorously compared to ropivacaine in LSG-specific TAPB regarding 72-h analgesic efficacy, opioid-sparing effects, or ERAS-related outcomes. This randomized controlled trial was designed to fill this evidence gap.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a single-center randomized controlled trial, 60 patients undergoing LSG were randomized to receive TAPB with either bupivacaine liposomal suspension (n = 30) or ropivacaine (n = 30). The primary outcome was the VAS score from 4- to 72-h postsurgery. Secondary outcomes included analgesic drug use, motor function, sleep quality, and adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with Group R, patients in Group B exhibited lower VAS scores from 4 to 72 h postoperatively, significantly reduced patient-controlled analgesia use, and markedly less need for rescue NSAIDs-approximately 75% lower than Group R (6.7% vs. 30%, P = 0.02). Although both groups ambulated within 24 h, no significant differences were observed in deep sleep proportion (24.3% vs. 23.9%, P = 0.90) or incidence of adverse events (20% vs. 16.7%, P = 0.50).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BLIS offers prolonged analgesic effects, extending up to 72 h, and significantly reduces the reliance on additional analgesics, making it a valuable option in multimodal pain management for LSG. However, its impact on enhancing ERAS-related outcomes requires further investigation. Trial registration registration number ChiCTR2500104979, registration date 2025-06-26 00:00:00 (retrospectively registered).</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147354299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of neck circumference and US-guided attenuation parameter for screening of obstructive sleep apnoea in adult overweight and obese patients: a retrospective cross-sectional study.","authors":"Jia Zheng, Zhewen Chen, Yin Chen, Yushan Wang, Sa Ye","doi":"10.1186/s40001-026-04143-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-026-04143-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>One of the most common sleep disorders affecting daily life is obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Polysomnography is the gold standard, but it is time-consuming, labour-intensive, expensive, requires high technical expertise and has long waiting times for tests.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From August 2023 to August 2024, a total of 147 participants met the requirements for inclusion in the study. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to screen for independent risk factors for the development of OSA. This study aimed to construct the ROC curves of subjects used for the diagnosis of different degrees of OSA in different genders and to assess the AUC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 89 (60.5%) participants were diagnosed with OSA. The AUCs of neck circumference (NC), US-guided attenuation parameter (UGAP), and NC + UGAP for diagnosing all OSA were 0.742 (95% CI 0.653-0.818), 0.666 (95% CI 0.573-0.750), and 0.765 (95% CI 0.678-0.838), respectively. The joint diagnosis of NC and UGAP has the highest value, especially for severe OSA in females.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combined application of NC (response to anatomical features) and UGAP (response to metabolic features) is an effective screening tool for OSA in adult overweight/obese patients, especially for women with severe OSA. Future studies should focus on the application of this combined index for screening for early diagnosis and intervention of OSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147354377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression partially mediates the association between frailty and lower urinary tract symptoms in men: cross-sectional analyses of two large population-based studies.","authors":"Yaohui Jiang, Xiaoshuai Gao, Chao Cheng, Lede Lin, Banghua Liao, Liang Zhou, Kunjie Wang","doi":"10.1186/s40001-026-04021-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-026-04021-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clinical observations indicate a correlation between frailty and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men. We further investigated this relationship via data from two extensive population-based studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a cross-sectional study via the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Participants lacking exposure variables, outcome variables, and important covariates were not included. The frailty index (FI) was used to evaluate frailty. In CHARLS, LUTS is defined as a previous diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia. In NHANES, the presence of LUTS was defined as 2 or more symptoms, including hesitancy, incomplete emptying and/or nocturia. After taking into account the covariates (demography, chronic diseases, and unhealthy lifestyles), multivariable logistic regression was employed to examine the association between frailty and LUTS. Furthermore, subgroup analysis was conducted to investigate the influence of covariables on the association between frailty and LUTS. The mediating role of depression was ultimately examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Finally, our study included 1735 participants from NHANES and 5008 participants from CHARLS. The NHANES findings indicated a positive connection between frailty and LUTS [OR 1.97, 95% CI (1.53, 2.55)] after controlling for all the variables. The link persisted when FI was set as a categorical variable [Q3, 1.78 (1.05, 3.02); Q4, 2.95 (1.76, 4.93)]. The CHARLS findings indicated a positive connection between frailty and LUTS [1.64 (1.21, 2.23)] after controlling for all variables. The connection persisted when FI was designated as a categorical variable [Q2, 1.73 (1.31, 2.28); Q3, 2.15 (1.64, 2.83); Q4, 3.11 (2.36, 4.09)]. Depression partly mediated the relationship between frailty and LUTS (18.20% in NHANES; 19.63% in CHARLS).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A high FI was correlated with a greater risk of LUTS in both the US and Chinese men. The relationship between frailty and LUTS was partly explained by depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147347903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics association investigation of the relationship between gut microbiota and the development of colorectal cancer.","authors":"Shunying Yu, Fang Zhong, Yuqi Wei, Xinyu Shao, Yuqing Zhou, Yibin Sun, Chunli Zhou, Xiaoyi Kuai","doi":"10.1186/s40001-026-04102-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-026-04102-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The human gut mucosal microbiota is crucially involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. However, a comprehensive analysis of host-microbiota interactions remains limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Intestinal mucosal samples were collected from patients admitted to the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from September 2020 to May 2021. Participants were diagnosed with colorectal cancer (n = 30), tubular adenoma with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (n = 25), or tubular adenoma with low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (n = 25), or hyperplastic polyp (n = 30). Using microbiomics and metabolomics analyses, we investigated associations among intestinal mucosal microorganisms, bile acids, and short-chain fatty acids during CRC development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings revealed gut microbial richness and diversity, as well as the relative abundances of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Lachnospiraceae, Faecalibacterium, and Blautia), decreased with increasing malignancy of mucosal lesions. During the progression from benign hyperplasia to neoplastic lesions, changes in glycocholic acid, taurocholic acid, glycoursodeoxycholic acid, and taurodeoxycholic acid, acetate, butyrate, isobutyrate, and isovalerate are correlated with alterations in the intestinal mucosal microbiota. Random forest modeling and ROC analysis in this preliminary, single-center study suggested that intestinal mucosal microorganisms and bile acids hold promise as potential combined biomarkers for CRC diagnosis. However, further validation in larger, multi-center cohorts is required to confirm their robustness and clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study initially suggests a potential association between intestinal mucosal bacteria and bile acids as well as short-chain fatty acids in the progression from benign hyperplasia to neoplastic lesions in the colon, providing new clues for understanding the role of gut microbiota in the process of colorectal cancer development.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147347960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}