European journal of paediatric dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Characterisation of the very young child's palatal vault growth pattern: how do its size and shape evolve?","authors":"F Remy, Y Godio-Raboutet, G Captier, P Burgart, P Bonnaure, L Thollon, L Guyot","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2023.1663","DOIUrl":"10.23804/ejpd.2023.1663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to characterise the palatal vault evolution during the first years of life, both in terms of shape and size.</p><p><strong>Materials: </strong>The study sample was composed of 168 healthy children aged less than 4 years. Twenty-one measurements of distances and 6 angles were taken from 7 fixed landmarks set on the palatal vaults 3D surfaces reconstructed from CT-scans. To analyse only the shape evolution, the \"sizefree\" log-shape ratio of those measurements were computed and the global shape of the palatal vault and their transversal curve were plotted. Statistical analyses were performed to highlight the shape and size differences separately.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The shape and size evolution of the palatal vault during the first years of life was not only correlated with deciduous dentition development. We assumed that the progressive orofacial muscles activation and tongue movements in the oral cavity may also explain these results as they induced strains on the palatal vault, warping it in various ways.</p>","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"2 24","pages":"318-326"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10544650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood obesity, sugar, and Early Childhood Caries: the sweet trap.","authors":"S Colombo, L Paglia","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2024.25.04.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23804/ejpd.2024.25.04.01","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;What drives our irresistible attraction to foods like chocolate, fries, or a warm apple pie? Sugar intake triggers the brain's dopamine system, creating a sense of reward that unconsciously conditions a preference for foods that satisfy cravings. Over time, this weakens attraction to healthier, low-fat and low-sugar foods. This response shares characteristics with addiction, sparking the concept of \"food addiction.\" For early humans, this reward-driven behaviour was advantageous, motivating them to seek high-calorie foods essential for survival when food was scarce. Today, however, it fuels a global surge in obesity and diabetes the real \"killer\" of our times. Additionally, a study on fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) found that a sugar-heavy diet reduces sensitivity to sweetness, leading to increased consumption. This phenomenon, like \"desensitisation\" in humans, suggests that high sugar intake may promote obesity by altering taste perception and reward circuits [May et al., 2019]. The link between sugar-rich diets, obesity, and public health is a critical concern for healthcare professionals, policymakers, and the sustainability of the western healthcare system. A 2024 study published in BMJ [Lara-Castor et al., 2024] revealed that from 1990 to 2018, the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in children and adolescents (aged 3-19) from 185 countries rose by 23%, paralleling a global rise in obesity rates in this age group (Fig. 1). The findings highlighted a range of consumption levels influenced by factors like age, parental education, and urban living; however, the overall increase calls for national and targeted approaches to reduce SSB intake. Exactly like the prevalence of overweight (including obesity) among children and adolescents aged 5-19 has risen dramatically from just 8% in 1990 to 20% in 2022. While just 2% of children and adolescents aged 5-19 was obese in 1990 (31 million young people), by 2022, 8% of children and adolescents were living with obesity (160 million young people) [GBD 2019 Risk Factors Collaborators 2020; Okunogbe et al., 2022] (Fig. 2) [Ritchie and Roser, 2017]. Establishing good habits early is vital, as children are highly receptive to new behaviours. Notably, paediatric prevention begins even in the womb [Paglia 2017; Paglia, 2019]: a 2021 Canadian study [Laforest-Lapointeet al, 2021] linked maternal consumption of artificial sweeteners during pregnancy to an increased risk of infant obesity. By examining the gut microbiomes of 100 infants, researchers found that artificial sweetener intake could influence infant gut health and body mass index in the first year of life. The effects of sugar thus begin before birth and extend into early childhood. In Italy, added sugars are often introduced into infants' diets before 12 months, and delayed oral hygiene practices worsen the risks. Parental obesity further correlates with a higher incidence of Early Childhood Caries (ECC), emphasizing the need ","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"25 4","pages":"254-255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of treatment outcomes with passive presurgical infant orthopaedics in patients with non-syndromic cleft lip and or palate: A systematic review conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.","authors":"N Bhatia, A K Subramanian, N Ramasamy, M Di Blasio, V Ronsivalle, M Cicciù, G Minervini","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2024.2056","DOIUrl":"10.23804/ejpd.2024.2056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The primary goal of the present comprehensive systematic review is to assess the treatment results attained through PSIO in individuals with NSCLP, as well as to explore its effectiveness. This will be accomplished by examining a range of existing published studies that focus on patient groups who have undergone PPIO.</p><p><strong>Materials: </strong>A comprehensive search strategy was devised by a single author for each database without language restrictions. The databases searched were PubMed, Cochrane library Google Scholar, Web of Science and Scopus. The search period was limited to the years 2001 to 2023. Duration and study design filter was used. Furthermore, conference proceedings, abstracts, and reference lists of relevant studies were sought to obtain additional records.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The examined protocols for passive presurgical infant orthopaedics (PPIO) in individuals with CLP typically did not reveal notable treatment outcomes when compared to a lack of treatment across a range of domains. These domains encompass feeding patterns, facial aesthetics, maxillary dentoalveolar factors, cephalometric measurements, speech and language-related aspects, dental arch alignments, economic assessments, as well as occurrences of adverse effects or complications associated with applied appliances or procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"302-309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141733767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of facial features in fetuses and newborns following natural delivery with cephalic presentation: a pilot study","authors":"N Cenzato, F Cazzaniga, F Masserini, B Baldini, L Colombo, M Fumagalli, C Maspero","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2024.2286","DOIUrl":"10.23804/ejpd.2024.2286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malocclusions are usually diagnosed around 3-4 years of age according to specific criteria. The purpose of this protocol is to validate a method to understand how the type of delivery can influence the development of malocclusions.</p><p><strong>Materials: </strong>This pilot study, conducted at the Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico of Milan, evaluated the relationship between the type of delivery, fetal presentation, and the presence of malocclusions in children. The sample included 5 healthy term newborns, all born to healthy mothers with uncomplicated pregnancies by vaginal delivery. Measurements were taken, via ultrasound, at the 37th week of gestation (T0) and on the second day of life (T1), using a craniometer, caliper and goniometer, including head circumference, lower facial angle, frontonasal angle, labial fissure length, and interpupillary distance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that further research is necessary to better understand the influence of delivery mode and fetal presentation on the development of malocclusions. This study represents an important first step, highlighting the need for larger samples and more in-depth investigation methods to obtain more conclusive results.</p>","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"284-289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142119311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The care of the patient with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets.","authors":"I Capotosti, G I Baroncelli, S Ligori, E Zampollo, M R Giuca, E Carli","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2024.25.04.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23804/ejpd.2024.25.04.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) is characterised by severe skeletal deformities and dental abnormalities. The aim of this work is to examine the prevalence of abscesses, the features of pulp chambers, and the biochemical and histological signs of the disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pulp chambers size, shape, and morphology were assessed by orthopantomography in XLH patients (n = 24, age 5.8 ± 1.6 years) and in sex and age-matched healthy controls (n = 23, age 6.2 ± 1.4 years). Histological analysis of the dentin of the primary teeth by Hematoxylin-eosin and Massontrichromic Goldner-blue aniline staining was then performed, comparing the results with those obtained in healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Enlarged pulpal chambers with altered shape and morphology affect most XLH patients, setting them up for periapical abscesses with fistulas occurred without any history of trauma or dental decay. Patients with XLH should be considered high-risk patients. It is important to treat and manage them early by a multidisciplinary approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"25 4","pages":"329-330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal bone modification compared to normal growth after rapid maxillary expansion anchored onto deciduous teeth: a CBCT retrospective study.","authors":"M Rosa, G Manti, P Lucchi, S Mutinelli","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2024.2330","DOIUrl":"10.23804/ejpd.2024.2330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The present study was designed to evaluate the enlargement of the nasal bone as side effect when a treatment with a Haas rapid maxillary expander is performed in early mixed dentition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The CBCT imaging of 36 children (mean age 8,4; SD,1,5) were retrospectively selected and then traced in order to evaluate the change in the nasal bone (primary outcome) and in the maxilla (secondary outcome). Five distances and one angle were measured: upper and lower nasal bone width (UNBw and LNBw) as well as its inclination (NBi), and the maxillary bone at the level of infraorbital foramen (IOFw), the nasolacrimal duct (NLDd), and greater palatine foramina (PFd). The sample was divided in a treatment group (26 subjects; 14 males; 12 females; mean age 8,0; SD 0,9), comprising children who underwent to a rapid maxillary expansion, and a control group (10 subjects; 7 males; 3 females; mean age 9,3; SD 2,3) including untreated children homogeneous for dental age to the treated subjects. Measurements were performed at baseline or before the treatment (T0), and after 2 years (T1).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The transversal modification induced with a rapid maxillary expansion was limited to the maxilla without involving the nasal bones when the treatment was performed in early mixed dentition. The changes recorded in the nasal bones seem to be the same of what happens during normal growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"310-317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of microbiota in black stain of children and its impact on caries risk. A systematic review.","authors":"F Inchingolo, A M Inchingolo, G Latini, C Pezzolla, I Trilli, R Sardano, A Palermo, A D Inchingolo, G Dipalma","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2024.2191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23804/ejpd.2024.2191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Black stain (BS) is a peculiar discoloration often observed on the teeth of paediatric patients, particularly prevalent in certain populations. This systematic review aims to analyze the composition of the microbiota associated with BS and its potential implications for caries risk. A acomprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) to identify relevant studies published up to January 2024. Eligible studies were those investigating the microbiological profile of BS patients compared to non-black stain individuals, with a focus on cariogenic species and overall microbial diversity. Data extraction and synthesis were performed following PRISMA guidelines. The screening phase ended with selecting 14 publications for this work. The review explores the association between the microbiota of BS patients and caries prevalence or severity. Synthesising current evidence sheds light on the potential role of the microbiota in BS formation and its influence on caries susceptibility. Understanding these microbial dynamics may inform preventive strategies and therapeutic interventions tailored to mitigate caries risk in populations affected by BS. This review underscores the significance of further research to elucidate the complex relationship between BS, oral microbiota, and dental caries.</p>","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black Stains in Children: A New Classification and an Innovative Flowchart for Management and Recurrence Prevention.","authors":"N Zerman","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2024.2310","DOIUrl":"10.23804/ejpd.2024.2310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Exogenous black pigmentations, commonly referred to as black stains (BS), are an acquired oral pathology, prevalent among children. The condition is characterized by black punctiform spots that are distributed variably on the lingual and vestibular surfaces of both deciduous and permanent teeth. These spots are predominantly located on the cervical third of the crown but can also be found on the middle third, until the crown third, of the affected tooth's crown. These stains present a therapeutic challenge due to their high recurrence rate and the often-insufficient oral hygiene practices among children and their caregivers. Although general dentists may not be familiar with the classification of BS, the clinical diagnosis of this condition is typically straightforward. There is still no consensus among researchers regarding the prevalence of BS, and the etiopathogenesis of this condition remains not fully understood. Although BS are not a serious pathology, many children and their families experience significant embarrassment, anxiety, and negative psychological effects due to the condition. Recent literature on the treatment of BS indicates that a universally effective clinical protocol has not yet been established. This study introduces a new classification based on therapeutic approach and a flow chart designed to assist paediatric dentists in managing BS with a focus on preventing recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"277-283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142282408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture Resistance of Space Maintainers Produced Using 3D Printable Materials.","authors":"N Aktaş, D Atabek","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2024.2104","DOIUrl":"10.23804/ejpd.2024.2104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the fracture resistance of space maintainers (SMs) produced using 3D-printable materials (metal, resin and polyetheretherketone [PEEK]) after thermal aging and compare them with conventional space maintainers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A standardised typodont model for paediatric dentistry was utilised, and band and loop space maintainers were designed digitally using computer-aided design (CAD) technology. Four groups were established: Conventional, 3D printed metal, 3D printed resin, and 3D printed PEEK. Fracture resistance was assessed after 10,000 thermal cycles, simulating oral conditions. Fracture tests were conducted using a universal testing machine, applying vertical force to the band and loop junction until fracture. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA and the Tukey HSD test (P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although the fracture resistance values showed that metal, resin, and PEEK 3D printed band and loop space maintainers can be acceptable clinically, the permanent resin may be preferable to printable material because of their aesthetic properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"266-270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142119312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caries Activity Tests and Associated Factors among 3-5-Year-Old Preschool Children in Zhao County, Hebei Province, China.","authors":"X Lin, Z Ma, H Wang, F Cao, C Zhao, X Wang, H Shi","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2024.2212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23804/ejpd.2024.2212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the caries activity (CA) and its caries status in children aged 3-5 years in Zhao County, Hebei province, China and to explore the related factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cariostat caries activity test and oral examination were performed on children aged 3-5 years old in Zhao county, Hebei province by a stratified sampling. A questionnaire survey was used to analyze the CA-related factors and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was to evaluate the diagnostic value of Cariostat caries activity test in children with early childhood caries (ECC).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The caries status among preschool children in Zhao county of Hebei province was serious. The higher the mean dmft of children, the greater the CA value. Mother's educational level and children's diet and lifestyle habits were closely related to CA. The Cariostat caries activity test has good efficacy in diagnosing ECC with high sensitivity and specificity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}