Estuaries and Coasts最新文献_第6页

Evaluating Coastal Wetland Restoration Using Drones and High-Resolution Imagery 利用无人机和高分辨率图像评估沿海湿地恢复情况

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Estuaries and Coasts Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1007/s12237-024-01376-1

J. Mason Harris, Whitney P. Broussard, James A. Nelson

{"title":"Evaluating Coastal Wetland Restoration Using Drones and High-Resolution Imagery","authors":"J. Mason Harris, Whitney P. Broussard, James A. Nelson","doi":"10.1007/s12237-024-01376-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-024-01376-1","url":null,"abstract":"Coastal marsh ecosystems are changing and being lost at a rapid rate around the world. One of the fastest rates of land loss, specifically coastal marsh habitat, occurs in Louisiana on the Northern Gulf Coast of the USA. To address this issue, state and federal agencies have undertaken massive wetland restoration efforts to preserve and restore coastal marsh habitats in Louisiana. For these efforts to be successful in the long-term, it is critical to understand what methodologies and techniques result in resilient restoration projects. However, traditional methods to monitor restoration success rely on labor intensive field measurements that are often limited in scope, difficult to maintain, and underfunded. Recent technological developments with uncrewed aircraft systems (UASs) and image processing have substantially improved the ability of restoration practitioners to use off-the-shelf UASs and cameras to map projects. We present a streamlined method using a commercially available drone with a high-resolution red, green, blue (RGB) camera to assess the effects of wetland restoration and integrate more modern tools into evaluation approaches. We conducted drone flights at restored brackish marshes of various ages using a space for time substitution with the goal of understanding the long-term success of marsh restoration. We observed that created marshes had higher land to water ratios than natural marshes. This finding suggests that these restored areas were gaining and maintaining elevation after approximately 10 years. Our method shows that drone surveys offer low-cost, minimally invasive methods for evaluating restored wetlands and ultimately tell us more about ecosystem function through realistic site-level habitat configurations.","PeriodicalId":11921,"journal":{"name":"Estuaries and Coasts","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141548858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimating Biogeochemical Rates Using a Computationally Efficient Lagrangian Approach 利用计算效率高的拉格朗日方法估算生物地球化学速率

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Estuaries and Coasts Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1007/s12237-024-01381-4

Edward Gross, Rusty Holleman, Wim Kimmerer, Tamara Kraus, Brian Bergamaschi, Scott Burdick-Yahya, David Senn

{"title":"Estimating Biogeochemical Rates Using a Computationally Efficient Lagrangian Approach","authors":"Edward Gross, Rusty Holleman, Wim Kimmerer, Tamara Kraus, Brian Bergamaschi, Scott Burdick-Yahya, David Senn","doi":"10.1007/s12237-024-01381-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-024-01381-4","url":null,"abstract":"Nutrient concentrations in many estuaries have increased over the past century due to increases in wastewater discharge and increased agricultural intensity, contributing to multiple environmental problems. Numerous biogeochemical and physical processes in estuaries influence nutrient concentrations during transport, resulting in complex spatial and temporal variability and challenges identifying predominant processes and their rates. Mechanistic models which require these rates to quantify biogeochemical processes become complex and difficult to calibrate as the number of processes and parameters grows, owing to the high dimensionality of the parameter space and the computational cost of simultaneously modeling the transport and transformations of constituents. We developed a modeling approach that decouples transport from transformations, enabling fast, data-driven exploration of the parameter space. The approach extracted information including water age, cumulative exposure to specific habitats, and mean water depth exposure from a hydrodynamic model. Using this information, a biogeochemical model was implemented to predict ammonium and nitrate concentrations in a Lagrangian frame. The model performed each simulation in milliseconds on a laptop computer, allowing the fitting of rate parameters for key transformations by optimization. The optimization used fixed station nitrate observations and the model was then validated against high-resolution mapping observations of ammonium and nitrate. The results suggest that the observed spatial and temporal variation can be largely represented with five transformation processes and their associated rates. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) losses occurred only in shallow vegetated areas in the model, highlighting that biogeochemical processes in these areas should be included in DIN models.","PeriodicalId":11921,"journal":{"name":"Estuaries and Coasts","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141548859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What has Changed in 20 Years? Structure and Function of Soft-sediment Macrofauna in a Subarctic Embayment, Newfoundland (Canada) 20 年间发生了什么变化？纽芬兰（加拿大）亚北极河口软沉积大型底栖动物的结构与功能

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Estuaries and Coasts Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1007/s12237-024-01377-0

Ivana Komendić, Bárbara de Moura Neves, Patricia A. Ramey-Balci

{"title":"What has Changed in 20 Years? Structure and Function of Soft-sediment Macrofauna in a Subarctic Embayment, Newfoundland (Canada)","authors":"Ivana Komendić, Bárbara de Moura Neves, Patricia A. Ramey-Balci","doi":"10.1007/s12237-024-01377-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-024-01377-0","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding how natural and anthropogenic disturbances affect the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems is central to predicting future dynamics. Placentia Bay is an Ecologically and Biologically Significant Area (EBSA) in the North Atlantic exposed to multiple stressors (e.g., rising sea surface temperatures, tanker traffic, and aquaculture). To investigate changes in the community and functional structure of soft-sediment macrofauna as well as environmental drivers of observed variation, we compared contemporary (2019–2020) and historical (1998) samples at eight stations (n = 77) collected 21 years apart. Although community and functional structure differed between these time points, functional traits were maintained (i.e., no loss of 36 trait modalities). Overall, 37% of species/taxa were only observed in either the historical or contemporary community, and the contemporary community exhibited lower macrofaunal density but had similar richness, resulting in higher evenness and diversity. Highly tolerant subsurface deposit feeders having small body sizes (< 10 mm) and direct development dominated the historical community. The contemporary community had nearly equal proportions of surface and subsurface deposit feeders with small to medium body sizes (< 10–50 mm) with pelagic larvae, and the proportion of highly tolerant species/taxa was reduced. These changes likely reflect the reduction in polychaetes (91 vs. 58%) and increased bivalves (4 vs. 25%) relative to the historical time point. Community variation was driven by changes in the sedimentary habitat. Contemporary versus historical sediments were ~ 4.5x coarser (possibly due to storms) with higher levels of sedimentary organic matter. This work contributes to advancing the understanding of relationships between benthic macrofauna, functional traits, and the sedimentary habitat in coastal environments.","PeriodicalId":11921,"journal":{"name":"Estuaries and Coasts","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141548860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Demographics of a Previously Undocumented Diamondback Terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) Population 以前未记录的菱背陆龟（Malaclemys terrapin）种群的人口统计数据

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Estuaries and Coasts Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1007/s12237-024-01380-5

Daniel J. Catizone, Travis M. Thomas, Christina M. Romagosa, Margaret M. Lamont

{"title":"Demographics of a Previously Undocumented Diamondback Terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) Population","authors":"Daniel J. Catizone, Travis M. Thomas, Christina M. Romagosa, Margaret M. Lamont","doi":"10.1007/s12237-024-01380-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-024-01380-5","url":null,"abstract":"Coastal habitats are some of the most imperiled due to climate change and anthropogenic activities. As such, it is important to understand population dynamics of the species that may play a role in regulating coastal systems. Diamondback terrapins in Northwest Florida have been understudied, which has resulted in a gap in our knowledge for this region. To help fill this gap, we conducted a capture-mark-recapture study in St. Joseph Bay, Florida, from 2018 to 2021. Overall, we captured 518 individuals, including 146 recaptures, and we used several modeling frameworks to estimate apparent survival, recapture probability, population entrance, and population size. Our estimates of apparent survival were relatively low, especially for adult males (0.77) and adult females (0.83), but there is a considerable amount of uncertainty around our estimates. Our models indicated that the super-population consists of 1122 individuals (971–1327 95% CI), and the population is comprised of more adult males (753; 665–866 95% CI) than adult females (102; 85–130 95% CI) and juveniles (267; 221–331 95% CI). Estimates of population entrance varied by year throughout our study duration. This study is the first to document a Malaclemys terrapin population in this region of Florida, and we recommend long-term monitoring in order to gain inferences for the management of this declining coastal species.","PeriodicalId":11921,"journal":{"name":"Estuaries and Coasts","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141548861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Influence of River Plume Discharge and Winds on Sediment Transport into a Coastal Mangrove Environment 河流羽流和风对沉积物迁移到沿海红树林环境的影响

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Estuaries and Coasts Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.1007/s12237-024-01367-2

Hemanth Vundavilli, Julia C. Mullarney, Iain T. MacDonald

{"title":"The Influence of River Plume Discharge and Winds on Sediment Transport into a Coastal Mangrove Environment","authors":"Hemanth Vundavilli, Julia C. Mullarney, Iain T. MacDonald","doi":"10.1007/s12237-024-01367-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-024-01367-2","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate how the physical forcing factors of river discharge and winds affect sediment delivery to, and retention within, mangrove-lined coastal regions. We use an idealized numerical model, broadly similar to the Firth of Thames deltaic system in New Zealand, to isolate and explore the underlying processes without some of the complexities of the real system. Total sediment transport and the relative contributions of riverine and bed-sourced sediment into the forest are assessed using a transect along the edge of the forest region. The model results demonstrate that both river discharge and winds alter the distribution of sediment transport, and that the spatial patterns relate to different regions of the river plume. At the river mouth (the near-field region), irrespective of the discharge employed, sediment fluxes are directed into the mangrove forest, indicating an accretionary environment consistent with satellite observations. Here, contributions from the riverine and bed-sourced sediments are similar. For small to medium discharge scenarios (up to (sim) 280 m(^{3}) s(^{-1}), flow speeds (sim) 0.6 m s(^{-1})), mass loads increase with river discharge. However, in the case of large discharge events, the high momentum in the near-field region allows the river plume to effectively transport sediment through the full width of forested region and out of the forest front. In the mid- and far-field regions of the plume, tidal influences also play a stronger role. Suspended sediment is primarily composed of bed-sourced material and transported out of the forest. Weaker winds are found to affect the far- and mid-field regions of the river plume. Stronger winds are able to reshape the entire plume structure, also including the near-field, such that sediment deposition is enhanced when winds are directed towards the forest.","PeriodicalId":11921,"journal":{"name":"Estuaries and Coasts","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141549023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microtopographic Variation as a Potential Early Indicator of Ecosystem State Change and Vulnerability in Salt Marshes 作为盐沼生态系统状态变化和脆弱性潜在早期指标的微地形变化

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Estuaries and Coasts Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1007/s12237-024-01368-1

Alexander J. Smith, Glenn R. Guntenspergen, Joel A. Carr, David C. Walters, Matthew L. Kirwan

{"title":"Microtopographic Variation as a Potential Early Indicator of Ecosystem State Change and Vulnerability in Salt Marshes","authors":"Alexander J. Smith, Glenn R. Guntenspergen, Joel A. Carr, David C. Walters, Matthew L. Kirwan","doi":"10.1007/s12237-024-01368-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-024-01368-1","url":null,"abstract":"As global climate change alters the magnitude and rates of environmental stressors, predicting the extent of ecosystem degradation driven by these rapidly changing conditions becomes increasingly urgent. At the landscape scale, disturbances and stressors can increase spatial variability and heterogeneity — indicators that can serve as potential early warnings of declining ecosystem resilience. Increased spatial variability in salt marshes at the landscape scale has been used to quantify the propagation of ponding in salt marsh interiors, but ponding at the landscape scale follows a state change rather than predicts it. Here, we suggest a novel application of commonly collected surface elevation table (SET) data and explore millimeter-scale marsh surface microtopography as a potential early indicator of ecosystem transition. We find an increase in spatial variability using multiple metrics of microtopographic heterogeneity in vulnerable salt marsh communities across the North American Atlantic seaboard. Increasing microtopographic heterogeneity in vulnerable salt marshes mirrored increasing trends in variance when a tipping point is approached in other alternative stable state systems — indicating that early warning signals of marsh drowning and ecosystem transition are observable at small-spatial scales prior to runaway ecosystem degradation. Congruence between traditional and novel metrics of marsh vulnerability suggests that microtopographic metrics can be used to identify hidden vulnerability before widespread marsh degradation. This novel analysis can be easily applied to existing SET records expanding the traditional focus on vertical change to additionally encapsulate lateral processes.","PeriodicalId":11921,"journal":{"name":"Estuaries and Coasts","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141257616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Invertebrate Responses to Large- and Small-Scale Drivers in Coastal Phragmites australis Beds in the Northern Baltic Sea 无脊椎动物对波罗的海北部沿海葭藻床大尺度和小尺度驱动因素的反应

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Estuaries and Coasts Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1007/s12237-024-01360-9

Floriaan Eveleens Maarse, Karine Gagnon, Martin Snickars, Sonja Salovius-Laurén

{"title":"Invertebrate Responses to Large- and Small-Scale Drivers in Coastal Phragmites australis Beds in the Northern Baltic Sea","authors":"Floriaan Eveleens Maarse, Karine Gagnon, Martin Snickars, Sonja Salovius-Laurén","doi":"10.1007/s12237-024-01360-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-024-01360-9","url":null,"abstract":"Phragmites australis is a common helophyte, covering much of the sheltered and shallow soft bottoms along the coasts of the Baltic Sea. Despite the expansion of P. australis over the past decades, there is little information on aquatic macroinvertebrates within P. australis beds. In this study, we examined the effect of large-scale (wave exposure, nutrients) and small-scale (distance from the seaward edge, live and dead stalk density, epiphyte and rhizome biomass) drivers on the density, taxa richness, diversity, and community structure of epifauna and infauna in monospecific P. australis beds around the Åland Islands and the Archipelago Sea. We found that higher wave exposure and nutrient levels generally supported higher epi- and infauna abundance and taxa richness. The effects on Shannon–Wiener diversity were less evident apart from an increase of the infauna diversity in the Archipelago Sea with increasing nutrient levels. On a local scale, the distance from the seaward edge, live and dead stalk density, and epiphyte biomass had varying effects on both epi- and infauna communities in the different regions. Rhizome biomass had no effect on either the epi- or infauna abundance, taxa richness, or diversity. Furthermore, according to existing studies, other habitats, e.g., Zostera marina meadows, Fucus vesiculosus belts, and vegetated soft-bottomed shallow bays, are generally characterized by more abundant fauna, except for the infauna, which had a higher density in P. australis beds than in vegetated soft-bottomed shallow bays. P. australis are a widespread, expanding, and understudied habitat with an important role in supporting coastal biodiversity.","PeriodicalId":11921,"journal":{"name":"Estuaries and Coasts","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141257856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing Assessments of Coastal Wetland Migration Potential with Sea-level Rise: Accounting for Uncertainty in Elevation Data, Tidal Data, and Future Water Levels 加强海平面上升对沿海湿地迁移潜力的评估：考虑海拔数据、潮汐数据和未来水位的不确定性

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Estuaries and Coasts Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1007/s12237-024-01363-6

Nicholas M. Enwright, Michael J. Osland, Hana R. Thurman, Claire E. McHenry, William C. Vervaeke, Brett A. Patton, Davina L. Passeri, Jason M. Stoker, Richard H. Day, Bethanie M. Simons

{"title":"Enhancing Assessments of Coastal Wetland Migration Potential with Sea-level Rise: Accounting for Uncertainty in Elevation Data, Tidal Data, and Future Water Levels","authors":"Nicholas M. Enwright, Michael J. Osland, Hana R. Thurman, Claire E. McHenry, William C. Vervaeke, Brett A. Patton, Davina L. Passeri, Jason M. Stoker, Richard H. Day, Bethanie M. Simons","doi":"10.1007/s12237-024-01363-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-024-01363-6","url":null,"abstract":"Sea-level rise rates are predicted to surpass rates of wetland vertical adjustment in the coming decades in many areas, increasing the potential for wetland submergence. Information on where wetland migration is possible can help natural resource managers for planning land acquisition or enhancing habitat connectivity to bolster adaptation of coastal wetlands to rising seas. Elevation-based models of wetland migration are often hampered with uncertainty associated with ground surface elevation, current water levels (i.e., tides and extreme water levels), and future water levels from sea-level rise. Here, we developed an approach that involved digital elevation model error reduction and the use of Monte Carlo simulations that utilize uncertainty assumptions regarding elevation error, contemporary water levels, and future sea levels to identify potential wetland migration areas. Our analyses were developed for Duvall and Nassau Counties in northeastern Florida (USA). We focus on the migration of regularly oceanic-flooded wetlands (i.e., flooded by oceanic water daily) and irregularly oceanic-flooded wetlands (i.e., flooded by oceanic water less frequently than daily). For two relative sea-level rise scenarios based on the 0.5 m and the 1.5 m global mean sea-level rise scenarios, we quantified migration by wetland flooding frequency class and identified land cover and land use types that are vulnerable to future exposure to oceanic waters. The variability in total coverage and relative coverage of wetland migration from our results highlights how topography and accelerated sea-level rise interact. Our wetland migration results communicate uncertainty by showing flooding frequency class as probabilistic outputs.","PeriodicalId":11921,"journal":{"name":"Estuaries and Coasts","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141257846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Urbanization of a Subtropical Island (Okinawa, Japan) Alters Physicochemical Characteristics and Disrupts Microbial Community Dynamics in Nearshore Ecosystems 亚热带岛屿（日本冲绳）的城市化改变了近岸生态系统的物理化学特征并扰乱了微生物群落动力学

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Estuaries and Coasts Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1007/s12237-024-01366-3

Margaret Mars Brisbin, Kenneth L. Dudley, Yoshitaka Yonashiro, Satoshi Mitarai, Angela Ares

{"title":"Urbanization of a Subtropical Island (Okinawa, Japan) Alters Physicochemical Characteristics and Disrupts Microbial Community Dynamics in Nearshore Ecosystems","authors":"Margaret Mars Brisbin, Kenneth L. Dudley, Yoshitaka Yonashiro, Satoshi Mitarai, Angela Ares","doi":"10.1007/s12237-024-01366-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-024-01366-3","url":null,"abstract":"Subtropical and tropical islands are undergoing rapid urbanization as the human population expands globally. Urbanization disrupts coastal ecosystems through several pathways—including the replacement of natural habitats with concrete structures that increase runoff pollution—but it remains difficult to isolate and characterize specific impacts of urbanization on marine ecosystems. The historical gradient in urbanization on the subtropical island of Okinawa, Japan, sets up a natural laboratory to study urbanization effects on nearshore ecosystems. Physicochemical parameters and bacterial community composition were assessed every 2 weeks for 1 year at two nearshore sites adjacent to watersheds with > 70% urban land use and two nearshore sites adjacent to watersheds with > 70% rural land use. Urbanization increased freshwater input and nutrient loading—indicated by decreased salinity and elevated nitrate + nitrite, ammonium, and phosphate at urban sites—despite the urban sites being more open to flushing due to land reclamation projects filling in the coral lagoon. Urbanization significantly altered microbial community composition by increasing diversity through the addition of fecal indicator and pathogenic bacteria—eight orders of bacteria were only detected in urban samples, whereas only Verrucomicrobiales was unique to rural samples. The change in microbial community composition at urban sites persisted throughout the seasonal cycle, suggesting a regime change or sustained disturbance. The altered physicochemical conditions and microbial communities at urban sites could degrade nearby coral reefs and their ecosystem services, highlighting the importance of coastal land management in marine conservation efforts.","PeriodicalId":11921,"journal":{"name":"Estuaries and Coasts","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141188776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Earthen Sill as a Measure to Mitigate Salt Intrusion in Estuaries 土墩作为减轻河口盐分入侵的措施

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Estuaries and Coasts Pub Date : 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.1007/s12237-024-01359-2

Gijs G. Hendrickx, Laura A. Manuel, Stuart G. Pearson, Stefan G. J. Aarninkhof, Ehab A. Meselhe

引用次数: 0