{"title":"Distal solution for an (un)conventional radial artery complication: a case report.","authors":"Giuseppe Colletti, Gregory Angelo Sgueglia, Olivier Gach, Alexandre Natalis, Claudiu Ungureanu","doi":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae564","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The European Society of Cardiology guidelines recommend transradial access (TRA) for coronary angiography due to its advantages, including lower mortality and bleeding complications. Arterial pseudoaneurysms are rare but challenging complications of TRA, occurring in 0.009%-0.05% of procedures. Non-surgical management, especially in cases with large (>1 mm) necks or late discovery, can be difficult due to the limited effectiveness of echo-guided compression and risks of echo-guided thrombin injection, like thrombin embolization leading to necrosis.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>An 82-year-old underwent successful non-surgical management of a large-neck pseudoaneurysm following TRA for a primary percutaneous coronary intervention of the left anterior descending artery. Clinical examination revealed a pulsatile mass at the puncture site, diagnosed via ultrasound as a pseudoaneurysm with a >1 mm neck. Through distal radial access, an initial 5 Fr sheath was upsized to 8 Fr based on ultrasound findings, achieving complete pseudoaneurysm exclusion. Follow-ups confirmed pseudoaneurysm sealing and radial artery patency.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This case illustrates an effective non-surgical approach to managing large-neck pseudoaneurysms post-TRA, utilizing an upsized sheath technique. It underscores the importance of innovative non-surgical strategies in complex cases, providing a safe and effective alternative to traditional management methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":11910,"journal":{"name":"European Heart Journal: Case Reports","volume":"8 11","pages":"ytae564"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11549678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leopoldo Ordine, Maria Angela Losi, Grazia Canciello, Felice Borrelli, Giovanni Esposito
{"title":"Symptomatic orthostatic hypotension due to standing mid-left ventricular obstruction: a case report.","authors":"Leopoldo Ordine, Maria Angela Losi, Grazia Canciello, Felice Borrelli, Giovanni Esposito","doi":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae566","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a common cardiovascular disorder typically associated with autonomic dysfunction. However, various other mechanisms can contribute to its occurrence.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>An 88-year-old woman was referred to the cardiology unit due to recurrent syncope episodes while standing. Echocardiography revealed a normally contracting left ventricle with severe hypertrophy, a restrictive filling pattern, reduced stroke volume, and a decreased inferior vena cava diameter (4 mm/m²). In the standing position, she experienced syncope, and invasive blood pressure monitoring confirmed OH, alongside a normal increase in heart rate and evidence of mid-left ventricular obstruction (MVO) on echocardiogram. Discontinuation of diuretics and administration of fluids and beta-blockers effectively resolved the OH.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This case underscores the importance of considering mechanisms beyond autonomic dysfunction and volume depletion in the aetiology of OH in elderly patients. Notably, this is the first documented case of OH associated with MVO occurring in an upright posture, resulting in a significant decrease in cardiac output and subsequent syncope. Preventing volume depletion and using non-vasodilating beta-blockers may represent optimal therapeutic strategies in such cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":11910,"journal":{"name":"European Heart Journal: Case Reports","volume":"8 11","pages":"ytae566"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11538991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William Swain, Matteo Castrichini, Konstantinos Siontis, Fadi Hasan, Courtney Arment
{"title":"Oral sarcoidosis preceding sudden cardiac arrest: a case report.","authors":"William Swain, Matteo Castrichini, Konstantinos Siontis, Fadi Hasan, Courtney Arment","doi":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae557","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sarcoidosis is a disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas and may affect any organ system. Cardiac involvement may lead to conduction abnormalities, heart failure, or malignant ventricular arrhythmias. As sarcoidosis may present with heterogeneous manifestations, a detailed past medical history may provide clues that help guide further workup. We present a rare case of a patient with undiagnosed oral sarcoidosis who subsequently experienced cardiac arrest from cardiac involvement.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 43-year-old male with a history of palpitations and periodontitis consistent with oral sarcoidosis presents after experiencing sudden cardiac arrest. He was subsequently diagnosed with cardiac and pulmonary sarcoidosis. With contemporary management (both immunosuppression and antiarrhythmics), he has not experienced any recurrent arrhythmias.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In the setting of cardiac arrest and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy, a careful clinical history and targeted cardiac testing may help clinicians determine when to consider cardiac sarcoidosis as a diagnosis. While oral sarcoidosis is a very rare condition, this case highlights how infrequent manifestations of sarcoidosis may be encountered in the clinical setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":11910,"journal":{"name":"European Heart Journal: Case Reports","volume":"8 11","pages":"ytae557"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Complex left atrial appendage closure using 3D printing system simulation in a patient with mitral prosthetic valve: a case report.","authors":"Luca Vicini Scajola, Antonio Sanzo, Giulia Magrini, Stefania Marconi, Roberto Rordorf","doi":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae574","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae574","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Left atrial appendage (LAA) closure (LAAc) has emerged as a safe and effective alternative to oral anticoagulation (OAC) for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and contraindications to OAC.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 61-year-old woman with permanent AF and a history of mitral surgery replacement with mechanical prosthesis was referred to our cardiology department to undergo LAAc. The preoperative computed tomography (CT) revealed that the ostium of the LAA was close to the mitral prosthesis ring. As a result of the difficult LAA morphology, a CT image-based virtual model was created, then a 3D printing model was prepared in our laboratory, and procedure simulation was performed with the two different LAA occlusion devices (plug- vs. pacifier-like models) to see which one was more suitable for the patient anatomy.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In this case of complex LAAc in a patient with mechanical prosthetic mitral valve, the use of a 3D printed model has guided prosthesis selection and device sizing reducing procedure time and complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11910,"journal":{"name":"European Heart Journal: Case Reports","volume":"8 11","pages":"ytae574"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11561574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Break and enter the retroflexed side branch when lock pick fails.","authors":"Pitt O Lim","doi":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae573","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae573","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11910,"journal":{"name":"European Heart Journal: Case Reports","volume":"8 12","pages":"ytae573"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11630554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giovanni Bellina, Salvatore Scandura, Salvatore Lentini, Davide Capodanno, Corrado Tamburino
{"title":"A rare complication of blood culture-negative infective endocarditis on tricuspid valve: case report.","authors":"Giovanni Bellina, Salvatore Scandura, Salvatore Lentini, Davide Capodanno, Corrado Tamburino","doi":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjcr/ytae570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endocarditis is an infectious disease, with an incidence of ∼15 cases per 100 000 people, affecting the tricuspid valve in 10% of cases. Infective endocarditis with negative blood cultures (BCNIE) accounts for more than 20% of cases of infective endocarditis. Perivalvular extension of the infection represents the most detrimental complications of BCNIE.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 25-year-old South Asian male was admitted due to fever for 15 days and new onset chest pain. The blood tests showed an increase in inflammatory indices. A chest X-ray showed enlargement of the cardiac shadow. On cardiac examination, a holosystolic murmur at the left sternal edge border was heard. The transthoracic echocardiogram showed a filamentous formation on the tricuspid valve and communication between the aorta and right atrium with left-right shunt. A transoesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) was performed to confirm the diagnosis of IE. Three sets of blood cultures were performed, with negative results, empirical therapy was managed and a decision for TEE-guided cardiac surgery was made.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Fistula is a rare complication of IE representing the most insidious consequence of uncontrolled infection like BCNIE, a condition that has restricted the therapeutic possibilities to empirical therapy only and to early surgery. The TEE was instrumental in diagnosing right-sided infective endocarditis and allowing us to focus on the perivalvular spread of the infection in our case.</p>","PeriodicalId":11910,"journal":{"name":"European Heart Journal: Case Reports","volume":"8 11","pages":"ytae570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11552523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142617043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chris Brown, John A Henry, Pierre Le Page, Andrew R Mitchell
{"title":"Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis associated with malignant arrhythmias: a case report.","authors":"Chris Brown, John A Henry, Pierre Le Page, Andrew R Mitchell","doi":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae569","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare vasculitis associated with significant cardiac morbidity and mortality. This case report presents the diagnostic and management challenges of EGPA-related arrhythmias in a remote general hospital setting.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 64-year-old Caucasian male presented with an indolent prodrome of fatigue, shortness of breath and anorexia, that culminated in an acute presentation with pulmonary embolism. His complicated clinical course included intracranial haemorrhage and refractory ventricular arrhythmias. Eosinophilia and sub-endocardial hypoattenuation observed on chest computed tomography were key findings that led to the diagnosis of EGPA. Multiple anti-arrhythmic therapies were required as temporary measures whilst control of the underlying eosinophilic inflammation was achieved.Once stable, the patient was transferred to a tertiary cardiac centre for further investigation and cardioverter-defibrillator implantation. With EGPA now well controlled, he has experienced no further ventricular arrhythmias and has fully recovered.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cardiac complications of EGPA, including ventricular arrhythmias, are difficult to manage without concurrent immunosuppression, which may itself further destabilize cardiac electrophysiology. The role of multiple imaging modalities in the diagnosis and monitoring of EGPA is emphasized, with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging playing a crucial role in detecting sub-endocardial fibrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11910,"journal":{"name":"European Heart Journal: Case Reports","volume":"8 11","pages":"ytae569"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Side branch preservation using tip detection-antegrade dissection re-entry after failed subintimal tracking and re-entry in chronic total occlusion: a case report.","authors":"Bambang Dwiputra, Yutaka Tadano, Takuro Sugie, Tsutomu Fujita","doi":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae571","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Techniques for treating difficult chronic total occlusions (CTOs) have evolved with the discovery of the tip detection-antegrade dissection re-entry (TDADR) guided by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). This case demonstrates TDADR as a viable bailout in failed subintimal tracking and re-entry (STAR) technique.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 78-year-old man with stable angina on optimal medical therapy had exertional angina pectoris secondary to a residual CTO lesion of the left circumflex coronary (LCX) artery. Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed for a mid-LCX CTO with a blunt proximal stump where the dissection plane expanded along the main vessel and side branch 2. Due to lack of promising collaterals for the retrograde approach, STAR successfully recanalized side branch 1. As main vessel failed to be recanalized, we proceeded with an AnteOwl IVUS-guided TDADR, intending guidewire penetration into the true lumen from the middle of the dissection plane at the main vessel, proximal to side branch 2 origin. Accurate wiring was achieved, and a guidewire was placed on side branch 2 for protection. After stent placement in the main vessel and kissing inflation, cutting balloon dilatation was performed to create re-entries for the STAR-induced extended main vessel haematoma. The procedure resulted in complete revascularization of main vessel and side branches. At 12-month follow-up, no further angina was reported, and coronary computed tomography showed patent side branches with no significant in-stent restenosis.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Imaging-based TDADR method was effective in our present case despite failed STAR technique. Limited IVUS and operator availability may become a barrier in implementing TDADR.</p>","PeriodicalId":11910,"journal":{"name":"European Heart Journal: Case Reports","volume":"8 11","pages":"ytae571"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
María A Rodríguez-Santiago, Edwin Rodríguez-Cruz, Marcel A Mesa-Pabon
{"title":"Use of suture-mediated closure device system after inadvertent medport placement in the subclavian artery leading to multi-focal ischaemic infarct: a case report.","authors":"María A Rodríguez-Santiago, Edwin Rodríguez-Cruz, Marcel A Mesa-Pabon","doi":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae565","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Totally implantable venous access devices or chemoports are progressively being used in oncologic patients for long-term chemotherapy administration. We present the case of an iatrogenic arterial catheter placement in the aortic arch complicated with multi-focal ischaemic stroke.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A case of a 73-year-old woman with a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, pineal gland tumour status post ventriculoperitoneal shunt, and breast and bladder cancer presented with a 2-week history of impaired balance, dysarthria, and right-sided facial drop. The chemoport was placed less than a month prior to the onset of symptoms at another institution. A brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a left hemispheric supra- and infra-tentorial subacute ischaemic infarcts. The head and neck computed tomography angiography notably showed a misplaced venous port at the left subclavian artery with a distal tip projecting towards the ascending aortic arch, revealing the most likely aetiology of multi-focal ischaemic stroke. The patient underwent successful subclavian artery catheter extraction and endovascular repair with a suture-mediated closure device system without complications.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Subclavian artery iatrogenic cannulation may lead to catastrophic outcomes, including stroke. A high level of suspicion for venous port misplacement must be entertained when ipsilateral multi-focal ischaemic infarct occurs in time relation to catheter placement. Conducting an endovascular catheter retrieval and using a suture-mediated closure device is an alternative approach to manual compression in locations where achieving an haemostasis is challenging. A suture-mediated closure device system might be useful for anatomy not amenable to manual compression, such as the subclavian artery.</p>","PeriodicalId":11910,"journal":{"name":"European Heart Journal: Case Reports","volume":"8 11","pages":"ytae565"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jing Hu, Ligang Ding, Evan Gunawan, Hengli Lai, Yan Yao
{"title":"Successful treatment of atrial flutter post-radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation following atrial septal defect occlusion: a case report of pulsed field ablation.","authors":"Jing Hu, Ligang Ding, Evan Gunawan, Hengli Lai, Yan Yao","doi":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae558","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ehjcr/ytae558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atrial flutter (AFL) is a common arrhythmia following radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for atrial fibrillation (AF), with varying incidence depending on the ablation strategy. Patients with prior atrial septal defect (ASD) occlusion pose challenges for ablation, particularly when the lesions are located near the occluder. Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has emerged as a promising alternative to RFA for the treatment of AF or AFL; however, its use in patients with ASD occlusion remains unexplored.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>We present the case of a 46-year-old female with a history of ASD occlusion and subsequent RFA for AF. Despite the initial success, she developed symptomatic AFL 3 months post-procedure. Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE)-guided transseptal puncture guided by ICE revealed an AFL originating from the slow conduction area around the ASD occluder. Pulsed field ablation was successfully performed, and AFL was terminated without complications. Post-procedural follow-up demonstrated maintenance of sinus rhythm.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Patients with ASD occlusion present unique challenges for ablation, including difficulties in transseptal puncture and risk of injury to the occluder. Pulsed field ablation offers a potential solution, with studies showing fewer reconnected pulmonary veins and larger lesion creation compared with traditional methods. In our case, PFA effectively terminated the refractory AFL, highlighting its utility in this patient population. Moreover, the use of the Jinjiang PFA catheter with pulse circuit self-checking technology ensured procedural safety, particularly near the occluder.</p>","PeriodicalId":11910,"journal":{"name":"European Heart Journal: Case Reports","volume":"8 11","pages":"ytae558"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}