European Addiction Research最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Traumatic Events on Substance Use among Internally Displaced People in Selected Flood and War Impacted Areas in Rivers State","authors":"Nkporbu Ak, Oti Ik, Stanley Pc","doi":"10.33425/2639-8451.1033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-8451.1033","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Different individuals react differently to emotionally traumatic events just as there are varying degrees of coping mechanisms. One of the common maladaptive coping mechanisms of victims of internal displacement is increased predisposition to substance use. Aim: This study determined the relationship between stressful life events and substance use among victims of flood and wars in selected parts of Rivers State. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 4 different flood and war impacted areas where 357 respondents were investigated. Ethical procedures were followed including consent from participants. Respondents of between the ages 10-75 years were included in the study and their socio-demographic characteristics determined. The Impact of Event Scale –Revised (IES-R) was used to assess posttraumatic symptomatology of the flood victims, while the CAGE and a semi-structured questionnaire were used to assess alcohol and other psychoactive substances. Rapid urine drug toxicology was done for the respondents. Data was analysed using the SPSS version 20. p≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Two hundred and eighty (79.6%) respondents had IES-R score of 22 and above while 65.3% (n=233) scored 33 and above. Prevalence of substance use was 34.4% (n=123) from self-report and 41.7% (n=149) from urine toxicology. Of the 149 respondents, 138 was among those who scored IES-R 22 and above while 11 was among those who scored below 22 (p=0.001). Alcohol was the most consumed drug with 22.65 (n=81), followed by cannabis with 18.8% (n=67), tramadol 16.5% (n=59), codeine 15.7% (n=56), Nicotine 14.8% (n=53), kolanut and khatchewing 6.4% (n=23), and benzodiazepam 12.8% (n=64). Polysubstance use was 34.17% (n=122). Three respondents use drug intravenously. Substance use significantly correlated with IES-R scores (p=0.002). Conclusion: Stressful and traumatic events may increase vulnerability to substance use, therefore Internally Displaced People (IDP) may require substance use disorder services and psychological care.","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87623189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Subtype 5 in Mouse Models of Cocaine Addiction","authors":"Marion Nicole, Briggs Lily, Donar Andrew, Godin Brandon, LaCrosse Amber","doi":"10.33425/2639-8451.1036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-8451.1036","url":null,"abstract":"Cocaine is a psychostimulant that is one of the most widely used illicit drugs, particularly in America. Cocaine addiction is a chronic relapsing disease that is characterized by drug craving and loss of inhibitory control. Animal models of psychiatric diseases are essential to identify underlying neural circuitry and to test the effectiveness of novel pharmacotherapies to prevent relapse. Current research using animal models indicates that type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptors may be of particular importance to the onset and maintenance of cocaine addiction. This literature review provides a general overview of the glutamate system, and the animal models frequently used in the study of addiction and summarizes peer-reviewed research focused on cocaine-induced adaptations to the type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptors in mice. Cocaine administration in mouse models induces a range of neural changes in the brain, reflecting the neuroadaptations associated with cocaine addiction. Cocaine-induced adaptations to type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor vary by brain region and by methodological constraints. Key neural changes that occur in the mouse brain following cocaine administration include adaptations in the dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems. The interplay between mGluR5 and the dopamine system plays a significant role in the neurobiological adaptations that drive cocaine addiction. Lastly, we cover the potential efficacy of targeting this receptor as a novel therapeutic option to prevent cocaine relapse. Selective antagonists of this receptor have been studied for their potential therapeutic effects in mouse models of cocaine addiction. These compounds reduce the conditioned responses to drug-associated cues and reduce the motivation to seek cocaine, thereby inhibiting relapse-like behavior, and have been found to modulate synaptic plasticity in brain regions involved in addiction, such as the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex. Overall, these compounds demonstrate promising effects in mouse models of cocaine addiction.","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136300590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front & Back Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000531384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000531384","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42715543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients' Perspectives on the Development of Prescription Opioid Use Disorder in Patients with Chronic Non-Cancer Pain.","authors":"Lisa E M Davies,&nbsp;Ellen S Koster,&nbsp;Katinka F M Damen,&nbsp;Harmen Beurmanjer,&nbsp;Arnt F A Schellekens,&nbsp;Marcel L Bouvy","doi":"10.1159/000529926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In the past decade, prescription opioid use increased exponentially and concomitantly opioid use disorders (OUD) are becoming more common. Several risk factors for developing OUD have been identified, but little is known regarding the patients' perspective on developing a prescription OUD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited 25 adults undergoing treatment for prescription OUD. In-depth, semi-structured interviews focussed on experiences with long-term opioid use, knowledge and attitudes regarding opioids, and access to opioids. A directed content analysis was conducted on the transcribed interviews using NVivo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants showed that the development of an OUD is affected by various factors which could be grouped into three themes: (1) experiences driving initiation, (2) experiences driving continuation, and (3) experiences with prescription OUD. Besides the need for pain management, the dynamics of patient-provider communication, care coordination, provider vigilance, and environmental support all contributed to the way patients used their opioids.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients' experiences illustrate that the first stage of the development of prescription OUD differs from the development of other substance addictions. Negative reinforcement might play a more prominent role in the early phase of prescription opioid use. Patients expressed a lack of guidance, both at the start of use and long-term use, easy access to new prescriptions and a lack of monitoring as main drivers of the development. Poorly controlled pain and subjective stress fuelled continuous opioid use.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":"29 2","pages":"141-149"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9562779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and Determinants of COVID-19 in Patients Seeking Treatment for Substance Use Disorder: A Patient-Based Linkage Study.","authors":"Irene Lana-Lander,&nbsp;Regina Muñoz-Galán,&nbsp;Jorge Palacio-Vieira,&nbsp;Xavier Majo-Roca,&nbsp;Elisenda Martínez-Carbonell,&nbsp;Robert Muga,&nbsp;Joan Colom","doi":"10.1159/000528647","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000528647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>People with substance use disorder (SUD) may be at increased risk of COVID-19 infection. However, there is little evidence regarding the incidence of and determinants associated with infection in this group. The aims of the study were to determine the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 among people who sought treatment for heroin, cocaine, cannabis, and alcohol use disorder in Catalonia; to identify sociodemographic, substance, and clinical determinants associated with COVID-19 infection among SUD patients; and to compare the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 infection in the population with SUD with that of the general population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A patient-based retrospective observational study was conducted. The study population comprised people who sought treatment for heroin, cocaine, cannabis, or alcohol use disorder in Catalonia in 2018 and 2019. We analysed cumulative incidence of COVID-19 (confirmed by PCR test) from 25 February to 31 December 2020. Additionally, we used a log-link binomial generalized linear model for COVID-19 infection, using the substance as the exposition, adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 23,092 individuals who sought treatment for SUD, 38.15% were considered suspected cases of COVID-19, and 2.60% (95% CI = 2.41-2.82) were confirmed positive for COVID-19 by PCR test during the study period. Those who sought treatment for alcohol use (cumulative incidence of COVID-19 of 3% [95% CI = 2.70-3.34]) had a higher risk ratio than, those who sought treatment for heroin use (cumulative incidence of 1.94% [95% CI = 1.47-2.56]). Being born outside of Spain, living in an institutionalized residence, having HIV, and being in a high morbidity group were associated with higher risk of COVID-19 infection. Meanwhile, the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 in the general population, according to public COVID-19 test data, was 3.86% (95% CI = 3.85-3.87).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study did not find higher cumulative incidence of COVID-19 infection among people with SUD in Catalonia in 2020, despite the clinical vulnerability of this population and their social disadvantage. However, differences were seen in the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 according to the substance for which treatment was sought. For example, those with alcohol dependence had a higher rate than those dependent on heroin. Further studies are needed to determine the factors contributing to these differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"333-343"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10614235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10389317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legal Approaches to New Psychoactive Substances: First Empirical Findings.","authors":"Jan van Amsterdam,&nbsp;Nicholas Burgess,&nbsp;Wim van den Brink","doi":"10.1159/000531503","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000531503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Generic drug legislation, i.e., simultaneously banning groups of drugs, has been introduced worldwide to counteract the trade and use of emerging \"new psychoactive substances\" (NPSs) more effectively.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>The potential and de facto positive and negative effects of generic drug legislation have been described using an analysis based on documented evaluations of the experiences in the UK and Germany, supplemented with data from other publicly available sources. In particular, the effects of generic drug legislation on availability, use, sales, and overall health harms of NPS, and switches from NPS to traditional (classical) drugs are addressed. The results show that the introduction of generic drug legislation in the UK and Germany has enabled stricter regulation of NPS but has also led to some major harms within the domain of public health. Depending on the population considered, the rate of NPS use remained stable, slightly declined, or increased following the banning of NPS. Once banned, NPSs were more often purchased on the black market, often together with other (more harmful) drugs. Moreover, NPS-related harms did not reduce following the ban, and in some cases even increased. Finally, when harmful NPS, like potent synthetic opioids and cannabinoids, become substantially used and endanger public health, legislators already have the legal means to ban the problem drug, thus overruling the need for a generic ban.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Generic drug legislation may facilitate drug law enforcement, but it is not (very) effective in counteracting NPS use and it may increase NPS-related public health problems. It is concluded that, overall, the advantages of generic drug legislation are overshadowed by its serious disadvantages.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"363-372"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10020472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Direct and Indirect Estimates for Alcohol-Attributable Mortality: A Modelling Study Using the Example of Lithuania.","authors":"Jürgen Rehm,&nbsp;Huan Jiang,&nbsp;Kawon Victoria Kim,&nbsp;Robin Room,&nbsp;Pol Rovira,&nbsp;Kevin David Shield,&nbsp;Alexander Tran,&nbsp;Shannon Lange,&nbsp;Mindaugas Štelemėkas","doi":"10.1159/000529200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Comparative risk assessments (CRAs) for alcohol use are based on indirect estimates of attributable harm, and usually combine country-specific exposure estimates and global risk relations derived from meta-analyses. CRAs for Eastern European countries, such as Lithuania, base their risk relations not on global risk relations, but on a large Russian cohort study. The availability of a direct estimate of alcohol-attributable mortality following the 2017 implementation of a large increase in alcohol excise taxes in Lithuania has allowed a comparison of these indirect estimates with a country-specific gold standard.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A statistical modelling study compared direct (predictions based on a time-series methodology) and indirect (predictions based on an attributable-fraction methodology) estimates of alcohol-attributable mortality before and after a large increase in alcohol excise taxes in Lithuania. Specifically, Russia-specific versus global relative risks were compared against the gold standard of time-series based predictions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to direct estimates, indirect estimates markedly underestimated the reduction of alcohol-attributable mortality 12 months post intervention by at least 63%. While both of the indirect estimates differed markedly from the direct estimates, the Russia-specific estimates were closer to the direct estimates, primarily due to higher estimates for alcohol-attributable cardiovascular mortality.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>As all indirect estimates were markedly lower than direct estimates, current overall relative risks and price elasticities should be re-evaluated. In particular, global estimates should be replaced by new regional estimates based on cohort studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":"29 2","pages":"119-126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10238643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10020691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual, Social, and Environmental Factors Associated with Different Patterns of Stimulant Use: A Cross-Sectional Study from Five European Countries.","authors":"Moritz Rosenkranz,&nbsp;Amy O'Donnell,&nbsp;Marcus-Sebastian Martens,&nbsp;Heike Zurhold,&nbsp;Peter Degkwitz,&nbsp;Nienke Liebregts,&nbsp;Miroslav Barták,&nbsp;Magdalena Rowicka,&nbsp;Uwe Verthein","doi":"10.1159/000529944","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000529944","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATSs) are the second most commonly consumed class of illicit drugs globally, but there is limited understanding of the precise factors associated with problematic versus controlled ATS consumption. This exploratory study aimed to identify which individual, social, and environmental factors are associated with different patterns of ATS use over time. Methods: Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Germany, England, The Netherlands, Poland, and the Czech Republic via face-to-face computer-assisted personal interviews to collect data on different user groups. 1,458 adults (18+) reported exposure to but no ATS use (n = 339); former rare/moderate ATS use (n = 242); current rare/moderate ATS use (n = 273); former frequent/dependent ATS use (n = 201); current frequent/dependent ATS use (n = 403). Extent of ATS/other substance use was assessed by number of consumption days (lifetime, past year, past month) and Severity of Dependence Scale. To identify factors associated with group membership, data were also collected on previous injecting drug use (IDU) and consumption setting/rules. Psychological distress was measured using the Brief Symptom Inventory, with additional data collected on self-reported adverse life events and physical/mental health. Results: Currently, using frequent/dependent ATS users experienced more frequent unstable living conditions (27.5%) and psychological distress (59.8%) compared to other groups. A multinomial logistic regression showed that currently abstinent rare/moderate users were more likely to abstain from methamphetamine use {odds ratio (OR) = 2.48 (confidence interval [CI] = 1.32–4.68)} and from IDU (OR = 6.33 [CI = 2.21–18.14]), to avoid ATS use during working hours (OR = 6.67 [CI = 3.85–11.11]), and not to use ATS for coping reasons (OR = 4.55 [CI = 2.50–6.67]) compared to the reference group of currently using frequent/dependent users. Conclusions: People who use ATS frequently and/or at dependent levels are more likely to have experienced social and economic adversity compared to infrequent ATS users. On the other hand, there is a substantial share of users, which show a controlled use pattern and are able to integrate ATS use into their lives without severe consequences.","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":"29 3","pages":"182-193"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9863173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Use Patterns and Steroid Use Disorders in a Sample of Male Gym Visitors.","authors":"Tjeerd Idger de Zeeuw,&nbsp;Tibor Markus Brunt,&nbsp;Jan van Amsterdam,&nbsp;Katinka van de Ven,&nbsp;Wim van den Brink","doi":"10.1159/000528256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) and other image- and performance-enhancing drugs is a growing public health concern. AAS use is associated with various physical and mental harms, including cardiovascular risks, cognitive deficiencies, and dependence. The aim of this study was to determine whether patterns of AAS use and other variables are associated with the presence of an AAS use disorder (AASUD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online survey was completed by 103 male AAS consumers visiting gyms. The association of different patterns of AAS consumption (cycling vs. continuous forms of AAS use), psychoactive substance use, mental health disorders, and sociodemographic variables with moderate-severe AASUD (fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ≥4 criteria) was investigated. The associations between duration of AAS use and the AAS dose with moderate-severe AASUD were investigated using logistic regression analysis with moderate-severe AASUD as the dependent variable.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Moderate-severe AASUD was present in 25 (24.3%) of the participants. AAS consumers meeting criteria for moderate-severe AASUD, compared to those that did not, in the last 12 months reported a longer duration of AAS use (in weeks), a higher average AAS dose (mg/week), and a greater number of AAS side effects. Duration of AAS use and the AAS dose were the only independent predictors, with an increase of 3.4% in the probability of moderate-severe AASUD with every week increase of the duration of AAS use in the last year (p < 0.05) and an increase in moderate-severe AASUD of 0.1% with every 10 mg increase in the average AAS dose per week (p < 0.05), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings show that moderate-severe AASUD is relatively frequent among male AAS consumers and is positively associated with the duration and average dose of AAS use in the last 12 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":"29 2","pages":"99-108"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10273855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9647537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) for Screening on Comorbid Internalizing Disorders among Youth in Substance Use Disorder Treatment.","authors":"Christina Moska, Anna E Goudriaan, Peter Blanken, Vincent Hendriks","doi":"10.1159/000533726","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000533726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Major depression, anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are among the most prevalent comorbid mental disorders in youth addiction treatment. Hence, screening for these internalizing disorders should be part of the standard routine at intake in substance use disorder treatment. We investigated the usefulness of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) as a screener for this purpose.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nationally representative sample of 421 treatment-seeking youths aged 16-22 years with a primary cannabis, alcohol, cocaine, or amphetamine use disorder participated in the study. At intake, we administered the DASS-21 and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI; Sheehan et al., 1998) based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5), as \"gold standard,\" as part of a broader baseline assessment of the Youth in transition study [Moska et al. BMC Psychiatry. 2021;21(1):1-11].</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At comparable sensitivity (0.80-0.84), based on the optimal cut-off value, specificity was higher for the DASS-21 total score detecting any DSM-5 internalizing disorder (0.62) than for the DASS subscales specifically detecting depression, anxiety, or PTSD (0.44, 0.49, and 0.51, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.80 for the DASS total score to detect any internalizing disorder (\"good discrimination\"), compared with AUC values of 0.70-0.75 of the DASS depression and anxiety subscales to detect DSM-5 depression, anxiety, and PTSD (\"fair discrimination\"). The optimal DASS total score cut-off value of ≥44 for detecting any internalizing disorder resulted in 0.81 sensitivity, 0.62 specificity, 0.80 positive predictive value, and 0.64 negative predictive value.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the high prevalence of comorbid internalizing disorders in youth addiction care, the need to address these comorbid disorders in treatment, and the favorable accuracy of the DASS to detect these disorders, we recommend to implement the DASS-21 as routine screener in youth addiction treatment in the Netherlands.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"385-393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41233438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}