European Addiction Research最新文献

{"title":"Emotion (Dys)Regulation Mediates the Link between Psychological Distress and Problem Gambling: Evaluation of the Moderating effect of Gender.","authors":"Tonia-Flery Artemi, Klavdia Neophytou, Marios Theodorou, Christiana Theodorou, Georgia Panayiotou","doi":"10.1159/000547094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000547094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study addresses the need to identify mechanisms leading to problem gambling, by examining the relationship between psychological distress, emotion regulation difficulties, and problem gambling severity, taking into consideration the potential moderating role of gender.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We collected data from 350 regular gamblers in a Southern European country, via an online survey. We examined bivariate correlations, and gender differences in aspects of psychological distress and emotion regulation, as well as prediction of gambling problems by emotion regulation and distress. Main analyses examined a moderated mediation model, hypothesizing that specific emotion regulation difficulties, assessed using the DERS-18, mediate the link between psychological distress, assessed using the BSI-18, and problem gambling, assessed using SOGS, with gender as a moderator.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results indicated that gambling problems were significantly correlated with all emotion regulation difficulties and psychological distress facets assessed. Men scored higher in SOGS than women. In linear regression analyses the emotion regulation strategies of nonacceptance and poor awareness of emotions, and depression-related distress predicted problem gambling severity. Moderated mediation analysis showed that nonacceptance significantly mediated the distress-gambling relationship. Gender moderated the mediational pathway, with nonacceptance being a significant mediator for men but not women.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings underscore the role of emotion regulation, a process that may explain the well-established link between psychological distress and gambling problems. It also highlights the need to consider gender-specific processes in interventions. Based on results, training in emotion acceptance is critical for both genders and especially for men. Results provide directions for further research into the psychological processes underlying the etiology and maintenance of problem gambling.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic cannabinoid withdrawal: A systematic review of case reports.","authors":"Rishi Sharma, Aviv Weinstein","doi":"10.1159/000546633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Synthetic cannabinoids are novel psychoactive substances with potential for abuse and severe withdrawal symptoms. Despite widespread use, research on withdrawal is limited. We conducted a systematic review of case reports describing SC withdrawal symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature searches were conducted across databases, including PubMed/Medline, Scopus, EMBASE, and PsycINFO, to identify case reports from inception to March 2025. Eligible studies involved human cases with confirmed SC use and clearly described withdrawal symptoms. Study quality was assessed using the CARE guidelines checklist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>N=11 eligible case reports on SC withdrawal identified. Predominantly male (82%), mean age of 28.08 (SD 7.78). Most frequent withdrawal symptoms: psychosis (n=9), agitation/irritability (n=8), nausea/vomiting (n=6), seizures (n=5), tachycardia (n=4), and insomnia (n=3). Rarer effects like delirium, rhabdomyolysis, and auditory/visual hallucinations were also documented. Symptoms emerged within 24-48 hours (62%) and resolved within one week. Case report quality was variable, with an average of 8 out of 13 CARE checklist items reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SC withdrawal manifests with a broad spectrum of physiological and psychological symptoms that can rapidly escalate and require prompt medical management in certain cases. SC withdrawal symptoms are more severe and unpredictable compared to natural cannabinoids, particularly among daily and frequent users. The findings highlight SC withdrawal as an understudied yet clinically important syndrome, necessitating further research to elucidate neurobiological mechanisms and develop evidence-based treatment protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation and comparison of three different versions of the Drinking Motives Questionnaire: a network analysis approach.","authors":"Emese Kroon, Christophe Romein, Chinouk Andriese, Ingmar Franken, Hanan El Marroun","doi":"10.1159/000546920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alcohol is widely used, but motives for consumption vary. Since drinking motives are proximal predictors of initiation and escalation of alcohol use, accurate measurement of these motives is crucial. The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric properties - including factor structure, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability - of the 12-item, 18-item, and original 20-item versions of the Drinking Motives Questionnaire (DMQ). Additionally, this study aimed to examine the associations between drinking motives and alcohol use outcomes using network analysis, providing insights into the direct and conditional relationships between different drinking motives and their real-life outcomes. A total of 434 adults (77.4% female) completed the baseline questionnaires and 130 (85.3% female) participated in a follow-up approximately two weeks later. Results showed that the subscales of the DMQ had good internal consistency ( .80) regardless of version. Test-retest reliability was acceptable to good (rs= .71 to rs= 83) but was higher for social and enhancement than for conformity and coping motives. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 12-item short form outperformed the original 20-item version and the more recently proposed 18-item version. Partial correlation networks including DMQ subscales and alcohol outcomes revealed consistent positive association between social motives and binge drinking, alcohol use quantity per drink occasion and enhancement motives, while frequency of use was primarily associated with coping motives. However, while associations amongst drinking motives were identical in the 12- and 18-item version, these differed from the 20-item version. This study demonstrates how network models can be valuable tools in the validation and comparison of questionnaires and shows that the 12-item DMQ could be a good alternative for the often used longer forms.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic investigation of the common genetic architecture of substance use traits and the relationship with mental health.","authors":"Joëlle A Pasman, Andrea G Allegrini, Adria Tunez, Abdel Abdellaoui, Dirk J A Smit, Michel G Nivard, Jacqueline M Vink, Karin J H Verweij","doi":"10.1159/000546680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Understanding shared and unique genetic vulnerability for substance use traits will give insight into the etiology of their comorbidity with psychiatric and other health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We applied Genomic structural equation modeling to summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) to map the genetic architecture of fourteen substance use traits across five substances (tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, and opioids) and three stages (initiation, frequency, dependence). We systematically compared data-driven and theory-based models and conducted sensitivity analyses. We estimated the genetic correlations between the latent factors and psychiatric, physical, socioeconomic, cognitive, and social traits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A wide range of models could be fit to the data. A data-driven 4-factor model was the most parsimonious, although bifactor models per substance or per stage also fit well. The four factors from the data-driven model were named Smoking/other, Dependence, Alcohol, and Cannabis. F1-Smoking/other was most strongly related to socioeconomic traits (negatively), whereas F2-Dependence and F4-Cannabis were mostly related to externalizing and risk behavior (positively). F3-Alcohol showed weaker overlap with unfavorable outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Genetic risk for substance use traits is partly overlapping, both per substance and per stage of use. Contrasting such categories' liability profiles provides insight into differences in their etiology and associations with poor outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motivational Interviewing in Addiction Services: An Exploratory Study of Training Needs.","authors":"Nuri Wieland, Helle Larsen, Reinout W Wiers, Julia Kühling, Wiebke Brunner, Ulrich Frischknecht","doi":"10.1159/000546243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing (MI) in addiction treatment has been proven many times. Many national treatment guidelines throughout the EU recommend MI as a method in the treatment of addiction-related and comorbid disorders. However, little is known on the availability of workforce that is able to provide sufficiently quality-secured MI. The aim of this study is to investigate the level of training and the use of MI among addiction care professionals in Germany.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a quantitative, anonymous cross-sectional survey, 262 professionals from the addiction care system were asked about their training in MI, their level of knowledge, the motivation of their clients and the use of MI in practice. All data analyses were carried out using SPSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the professionals, 55.0% (n=143) reported having had at least one day of training in MI. 64.3% (n=90) of the trained professionals felt sufficiently trained for their area of responsibility. 31.0% (n=83) of the total sample stated that further training, quality circles, training courses or similar had been set up at their facility. Results of an ordinal logistic regression indicated that the use of MI in practice could be predicted by MI specific training (OR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.13-0.38, p<0.01) and the availability of MI support structures in the institution (OR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.28-0.81, p<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results suggest a divergence between medical treatment recommendations for the use of MI and the level of training required for this in the German addiction treatment landscape.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of quality standards for competency-based addiction training and education programs in postgraduate and continuing medical studies: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Tadeáš Samuel Zborník, Anna Volfová, Amalie Lososová, Elizabeth Nováková, Vendula Pokorná, Kateřina Svěcená, Michal Miovský","doi":"10.1159/000546610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medical profession plays a crucial role in preventing and treating substance use disorders. However, the quality of addiction-focused medical education, considering only postgraduate (GME) and continuing medical education (CME) programs, varies across countries. This study aimed to explore the variety of published programs and curriculum components in competency-based approach to addictology education for physicians and to highlight key areas in this field.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involves a systematic review of literature to identify quality standards for competency-based education in GME and CME related to addiction. We searched electronic databases, including PubMed, EBSCO, SCOPUS, and Web of Science, for relevant key terms following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) methodology. Studies included any English language text about addressing educational competency-based models and standards for education within GME or CME in the Unites States of America (US) and European Union (EU). The process included identifying, screening, and reviewing articles and studies for relevance. Our goal is to delineate existing competency-based training programs and highlight quality standards in education and training for physicians in a field of GME and CME.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Result of our work led to the evaluation of curriculum topic standardization and agreement on core competencies to ensure that education in GME and CME is professionally consistent across states and universities. Our study included 55 articles describing models and standards for training programs in addiction medicine. In the final sample, articles that included specific information according to set criteria were included (n=9).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The description of specific educational evidence-based models and standards in GME and CME in addiction medical education is not sufficiently represented in published texts and is generally referred to general standards and models of individual institutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of substance use and antisocial behaviours with the probability of gambling among adolescents.","authors":"Emina Mehanović, Mariaelisa Renna, Erica Viola, Giulia Giraudi, Maria Ginechesi, Claudia Vullo, Alberto Sciutto, Marco Martorana, Adalgisa Ceccano, Pietro Casella, Fabrizio Faggiano, Federica Vigna-Taglianti","doi":"10.1159/000546587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gambling behaviour among adolescents is a serious public health concern. Adolescents' involvement in gambling is often related with substance use and antisocial behaviours. This study aims to examine the association of substance use and antisocial behaviours with gambling among Italian early adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The analytical sample of the present study included 1822 students attending 29 secondary schools in nine NHS districts of Piedmont region and the city of Rome who participated in the baseline survey of the experimental controlled trial \"GAPUnplugged\". The association of lifetime cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, drunkenness, illicit drug use, violence and stealing with the probability of any gambling and regular gambling was estimated through multilevel mixed-effect regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of any gambling and regular gambling in the last 30 days was 36.4% and 12.7%, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, drunkenness, violence and stealing were significantly associated with an increased probability of both gambling outcomes. The link of gambling outcomes with alcohol drinking and drunkenness was higher for females, whereas the association with violence and stealing was higher for males.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Due to the association of gambling with other problem behaviours during early adolescence, school-based health promotion and prevention interventions should address multiple risk behaviours simultaneously. Prevention of one risk behaviour may contribute to the prevention of other risk behaviours.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144141741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Inhibition-Related Brain Function and Psychological Flexibility during Smoking Abstinence: A Machine-Learning Prediction of Time to Relapse.","authors":"Louis-Ferdinand Lespine, Laura M Rueda-Delgado, Nigel Vahey, Kathy L Ruddy, Hanni Kiiski, Nadja Enz, Rory Boyle, Laura Rai, Gabi Pragulbickaite, Jonathan B Bricker, Louise McHugh, Robert Whelan","doi":"10.1159/000546112","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite substantial health benefits, smoking cessation attempts have high relapse rates. Neuroimaging measures can sometimes predict individual differences in substance use phenotypes - including relapse - better than behavioral metrics alone. No study to date has compared the relative prediction ability of changes in psychological processes across prolonged abstinence with corresponding changes in brain activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, in a longitudinal design, measurements were made 1 day prior to smoking cessation, and at 1 and 4 weeks post-cessation (total n = 120). Next, we tested the relative role of changes in psychosocial variables versus task-based functional brain measures predicting time to nicotine relapse up to 12 months. Abstinence was bio-verified 4-5 times during the first month. Data were analyzed with a novel machine-learning approach to predict relapse.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that increased electrophysiological brain activity during inhibitory control predicted longer time to relapse (c-index = 0.56). However, reward-related brain activity was not predictive (c-index = 0.45). Psychological variables, notably an increase during abstinence in psychological flexibility when experiencing negative smoking-related sensations, predicted longer time to relapse (c-index = 0.63). A model combining psychosocial and brain data was predictive (c-index = 0.68). Using a best-practice approach, we demonstrated generalizability of the combined model on a previously unseen holdout validation dataset (c-index = 0.59 vs. 0.42 for a null model).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results show that changes during abstinence - increased smoking-specific psychological flexibility and increased inhibitory control brain function - are important in predicting time to relapse from smoking cessation. In the future, monitoring and augmenting changes in these variables could help improve the chances of successful nicotine smoking abstinence.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12180767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the Gamma-hydroxybutyrate withdrawal symptom questionnaire (GWSQ).","authors":"Amber M L Wood, Arnt F A Schellekens, Boukje A G Dijkstra, Casper J H Wolf, Harmen Beurmanjer","doi":"10.1159/000545700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) dependence has been associated with a potentially fulminant withdrawal syndrome. As GHB withdrawal symptoms can rapidly progress from mild to more severe, close monitoring during detoxification is important. However, a concise, GHB-specific withdrawal scale is currently lacking. The aim of this study is to compose a concise GHB-specific withdrawal scale as monitoring instrument. Method This study used monitoring data from 285 patients with GHB use disorder (GUD) admitted for inpatient detoxification. The six-step plan for shortening measurement scales proposed by Goetz et al. (2013) was applied. Only subjective GHB withdrawal symptoms were used. To identify the factor structure, a principal component analysis (PCA) with Direct Oblimin Rotation was performed. The pattern matrix was used to assess the factor loading per item. Item selection was based on factor loadings >0.4 and clinical relevance of the symptoms. Multiple lists were created whose psychometric qualities (concurrent validity, convergent validity, reliability) were compared. Results The PCA resulted in eight components (Eigenvalue > 1.0). Item selection resulted in five candidate lists with 8, 9, 16 (2x) and 27 items. All lists showed good concurrent and convergent validity. Only one with 16 items combined good psychometric properties with the need for a shortened questionnaire combined with all clinically relevant items. Conclusions We recommend a novel 16-item GHB Withdrawal Symptoms Questionnaire (GWSQ) to monitor withdrawal during detoxification in patients with GUD. Implementation of this scale should be evaluated to determine its validity and usefulness in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000545157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545157","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}