The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal最新文献

{"title":"Epidemiology of Exposures, Preceding Illness and Testing History in Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children in the First 18 Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic, Los Angeles County, California.","authors":"Caitlin N Newhouse,&nbsp;Lauren Finn,&nbsp;Candace M Gragnani,&nbsp;Susan Hathaway,&nbsp;Denise Nunez,&nbsp;Jason Malenfant,&nbsp;Priyanka Fernandes,&nbsp;Moon Kim,&nbsp;Dawn Terashita,&nbsp;Sharon Balter","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003688","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe the epidemiology of COVID-19 exposure, preceding illness, and SARS-CoV-2 testing in a large population with MIS-C during the first 18 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of cases had exposure, preceding illness, or positive SARS-CoV-2 testing 4-8 weeks before MIS-C onset. Serology can help establish epidemiological link to COVID-19 when past infection or exposure are unknown.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e453-e455"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9555593/pdf/inf-41-e453.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40357801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Q Fever as Recurrent Osteoarticular Infection in Children: Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"María Belén Hernández-Rupérez,&nbsp;Elena Seoane-Reula,&nbsp;Ángel Villa,&nbsp;Ángel Lancharro,&nbsp;Mercedes Marín Arriaza,&nbsp;Jesús Saavedra-Lozano","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Q fever osteomyelitis has been rarely reported in children. This infection has an unclear pathophysiology and the optimal therapy is unknown. We report a 2-year-old girl with Coxiella burnetti recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis: femur, metatarsal, cuneiform, and calcaneus. We highlight the complicated diagnosis and management of this case and the importance of considering Q fever in children with chronic-recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e489-e494"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33500274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast Milk and Saliva for Postnatal Cyto†megalovirus Screening among Very Low Birth Weight Infants.","authors":"Sagori Mukhopadhyay,&nbsp;Hannah L Itell,&nbsp;Erica Hartman,&nbsp;Emily Woodford,&nbsp;Miren B Dhudasia,&nbsp;Justin T Steppe,&nbsp;Sarah Valencia,&nbsp;Hunter Roark,&nbsp;Kelly C Wade,&nbsp;Kristin E D Weimer,&nbsp;Sallie R Permar,&nbsp;Karen M Puopolo","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The optimal approach to managing postnatal cytomegalovirus disease (pCMV) among very low birth weight (VLBW) infants remains unknown. Methods to facilitate screening are needed.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Determine whether mother's milk and infant saliva can be used to reliably identify maternal cytomegalovirus (CMV) serostatus and detect infant pCMV acquisition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a single-center, prospective cohort study of VLBW infants, and their mothers, born between 2017 and 2020. Maternal milk samples were tested for CMV immunoglobulin G (IgG) using a CMV glycoprotein B binding enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the results were compared with maternal serum CMV IgG results. Biweekly paired saliva and urine samples were collected from infants born to mothers with positive or unknown CMV serostatus. Saliva samples were tested for CMV DNA by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and compared with urine CMV qualitative PCR results obtained from a clinical laboratory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 108 infants without congenital CMV included in the study, 10 (9%) acquired pCMV. Both milk and blood CMV serology results were available for 70 mothers. Maternal milk antibody testing had a sensitivity of 97.2% (95% CI: 85.5-99.9%) and specificity of 91.2% (95% CI: 76.3-98.1%) in establishing CMV serostatus. Paired serially collected saliva and urine samples (n = 203) were available for 66 infants. Saliva PCR had a sensitivity of 30.0% (95% CI: 6.7-65.2%) and specificity of 92.7% (95% CI: 88.1-96.0%) in detecting pCMV acquisition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Maternal breast milk is a reliable alternative sample to determine CMV serostatus. Serial testing of infant saliva was not adequately sensitive for identifying pCMV acquisition in preterm infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"904-910"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40357389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Norovirus-associated White Matter Injury in a Term Newborn With Seizures.","authors":"Andrea Gutiérrez-Camus,&nbsp;Eva Valverde,&nbsp;Teresa Del Rosal,&nbsp;Cristina Utrilla,&nbsp;Guillermo Ruiz-Carrascoso,&nbsp;Iker Falces-Romero,&nbsp;Cristina Calvo,&nbsp;Miguel Sáenz de Pipaón","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neonatal seizures with white matter injury have been associated with rotavirus, enterovirus and parechovirus. Neurological symptoms caused by norovirus have been occasionally reported in older children. We describe a case of a neonate with seizures and white matter lesions, with detection of human norovirus in stool samples from the patient and her mother.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"917-918"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40357798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Launching the European Plotkin Institute for Vaccinology.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003642","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"683"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40613537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent Pott Puffy Tumor in a Child With Frontonasal Dermoid: An Unusual Presentation.","authors":"Pallavi Agarwal,&nbsp;Aashima Pandhi,&nbsp;Florentina Litra,&nbsp;Lori Barr","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a case of Pott puffy tumor in a 21-month-old male, the youngest patient ever reported to have developed this complication and the first ever to have developed recurrence from an infected frontonasal dermoid. Hence, by reporting this case, we want to raise awareness about the importance of early recognition of Pott puffy tumor; and the need to meticulously evaluate and resect any craniofacial dermoid that could potentially lead to recurrence and intracranial complications if left unrecognized.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e338-e340"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40407363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When a Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection Reveals an Error of Immunity: A Single Center's Experience.","authors":"Alessia Morreale,&nbsp;Laura Dotta,&nbsp;Donatella Vairo,&nbsp;Tullia Bazzana,&nbsp;Vassilios Lougaris,&nbsp;Annarosa Soresina,&nbsp;Alessandro Plebani,&nbsp;Silvia Clara Giliani,&nbsp;Fulvio Porta,&nbsp;Alberto Matteelli,&nbsp;Luca Oscar Redaelli De Zinis,&nbsp;Raffaele Badolato","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present an algorithm that may be applied in case of a diagnosis of pediatric nontuberculous mycobacterial disease to identify the patients who may require an immunologic assessment to discover a possible underlying immune system defect predisposing to their nontuberculous mycobacterial infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"427-429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39964197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spyramicine and Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Combination to Prevent Mother-To-Fetus Transmission of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Pregnant Women: A 28-Years Single-center Experience.","authors":"Danilo Buonsenso,&nbsp;Davide Pata,&nbsp;Arianna Turriziani Colonna,&nbsp;Mariella Iademarco,&nbsp;Marco De Santis,&nbsp;Lucia Masini,&nbsp;Guido Conti,&nbsp;Fernando Molle,&nbsp;Antonio Baldascino,&nbsp;Anna Acampora,&nbsp;Rita Luciano,&nbsp;Francesca Gallini,&nbsp;Piero Valentini","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is weak evidence on the best treatment of pregnant women with Toxoplasma gondii infection to prevent the vertical transmission to the fetus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a 28-year retrospective study aiming to compare the efficacy of three therapeutic regimens [Spiramicyn alone (Spy) vs. Pyrimethamine-Sulfadiazine (P/S) vs. Spiramicyn with Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Spy+TMP-SMX)] for the prevention of mother-to-fetus transmission of T. gondii infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>170 women were included: 58 (34.1%) had certain congenital toxoplasmosis (CT), 61 (35.9%) a probable infection and 41 (24.1%) possible infection. In total 97 mothers (57.1%) were treated with the Spy+TMP-SMX combination, 64 mothers (37.6%) were treated with Spy only and 8 mothers (4.7%) with P/S. Infected infants were 20/170 (11.7%). However, 8.2% (8/97) of infants born to mothers treated with Spy+TMP-SMX were infected, 20% (11/55) of infants born to women treated with Spy and 12.5% (1/8) of infants born to mothers treated with P/S were infected. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that Spy treatment alone was associated with an increased risk of CT compared to the Spy+TMP-SMX combination (OR, 2.78, 95% CI 1.04-7.41, P value 0.041). No difference was observed when the Spy+TMP-SMX was compared with the P/S combination (OR 1.59; 95% CI 0.17 - 14.58; P value 0.682). Results were confirmed when the analyses were corrected by trimester of infection and by type of maternal treatment (OR 7.72; 95% CI 3.40-17.53, P value <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combination of Spy+TMP-SMX may be more effective in reducing the risk of maternal-fetal transmission of Toxoplasmosis compared to Spy alone; furthermore, this combination is not inferior to P/S, the current international standard-of-care maternal treatment for the prevention of CT. A prospective trial comparing the combination Spy+TMP-SMX with P/S would be necessary to provide definitive evidence on the best regimen for pregnant women with T. gondii infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e223-e227"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39639852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of Esophageal Ultrasound-guided Biopsy of Mediastinal Lymph Nodes in Diagnosis of Childhood Tuberculosis.","authors":"Jonathan Marc Cohen,&nbsp;Matthew Banks,&nbsp;Onn Min Kon,&nbsp;Sarah Eisen","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 6-year-old boy with autistic spectrum disorder was diagnosed with tuberculosis infection following contact tracing of his mother who had isoniazid-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. He progressed to develop mediastinal lymphadenopathy causing a persistent cough. He was too small to undergo endobronchial ultrasound-guided biopsy. As an alternative, he underwent esophageal endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsy, leading to confirmation of the diagnosis. We believe this approach to diagnostic biopsy is underrecognized in pediatric practice, and highlight its utility with this case and a brief literature review.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e246-e248"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39946712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NonTuberculous Mycobacteria Blood Stream Infection in Pediatric and Adult Patients: 15 Years Surveillance.","authors":"Halima Dabaja-Younis,&nbsp;Ranaa Damouni-Shalabi,&nbsp;Nesrin Ganem-Zoubi,&nbsp;Yael Shachor-Meyouhas,&nbsp;Khetam Hussein,&nbsp;Yuval Geffen,&nbsp;Imad Kassis","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) are rare causes of bloodstream infection (BSI). This study addresses the management and prognosis of NTM BSI and the differences between adult and pediatric patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed the medical charts of patients at any age with NTM BSI, from January 1, 2005, to June 30, 2020. Data on demographics, underlying conditions, clinical manifestations, NTM species, antibiotic treatments and outcomes were retrieved.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Positive blood cultures for NTM were detected in 43 patients, 30 children and 13 adults. Median age: 10.37 years (IQR 6.692-39.864). Thirty-seven (86%) patients had an active malignant disease. Fever was the chief sign in 23 (53.5%) patients and pulmonary manifestations in 14 (32.6%). Rapidly growing NTM comprised 39 (90.7%) of the isolates. Central venous catheter (CVC) was documented in 39 (90.7%) cases, 31 (79.5%) of which were removed as part of treatment. Antibiotic treatment directed against NTM was documented in 26 (60.5%) patients. CVC was removed in 7/17 patients who were not treated with antibiotics. Relapse occurred in 3 cases; no 30-days mortality was reported. Children and adults had similar clinical characteristics. However, children had a higher rate of CVC at the time of bacteremia and a higher chance to receive treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NTM BSI was seen mainly in oncologic patients with CVC. Children and adults had a similar disease course and outcome. Relapse was rare and NTM-related mortality was not reported.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e216-e219"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39870094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}