The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal最新文献

{"title":"Hepatitis and Laryngotracheobronchitis Due to Herpes Simplex After Uneventful Surgery for Correction of Subglottic Stenosis.","authors":"Elias Nasrallah, Yael Shachor-Meyouhas, Arie Gordin, Maayan Antebi, Imad Kassis, Halima Dabaja-Younis","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003649","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e498-e499"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40566687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive Streptococcus Gallolyticus Infections in Infants At Texas Children's Hospital: A 9-Year Retrospective Review.","authors":"Marisa Orbea,&nbsp;Nilesh Desai,&nbsp;Catherine Foster","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus is an unusual pathogen in infants, which causes sepsis and meningitis. We describe the clinical course and treatment of 15 infants with bacteremia and/or meningitis due to S. gallolyticus. Outcomes were favorable with limited neuroimaging findings. One-third of isolates displayed reduced susceptibility to penicillin highlighting the importance of performing antimicrobial susceptibility testing in infants with meningitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e494-e497"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33500275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Point-of-Care Testing in Children With Respiratory Tract Infections and Its Impact on Management and Patient Flow.","authors":"Sina A Tegethoff,&nbsp;Franziska Fröhlich,&nbsp;Cihan Papan","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003615","url":null,"abstract":"Cristiana Nascimento-Carvalho (Bahia, Brazil) Ville Peltola (Turku, Finland) Emmanuel Roilides (Thessaloniki, Greece) Ira Shah (Mumbai, India) David Burgner (Melbourne, Australia) Kow-Tong Chen (Tainan,Taiwan) Luisa Galli (Florence, Italy) Steve Graham (Melbourne, Australia) George Syrogiannopoulos (Larissa, Greece) Tobias Tenenbaum (Mannhein, Germany) Marc Tebruegge (Southampton, UK) Marceline Tutu van Furth (Amsterdam, The Netherlands)","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e475-e477"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40407364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health and Vaccination Status of Unaccompanied Minors After Arrival in a European Border Country: A Cross-sectional Study (2017-2020).","authors":"Clara Carreras-Abad,&nbsp;Inés Oliveira-Souto,&nbsp;Diana Pou-Ciruelo,&nbsp;Joan Miquel Pujol-Morro,&nbsp;Pere Soler-Palacín,&nbsp;Antoni Soriano-Arandes,&nbsp;Elena Sulleiro,&nbsp;Begoña Treviño-Maruri,&nbsp;Claudia Broto-Cortés,&nbsp;Juliana Esperalba,&nbsp;Guadalupe García-Salgado,&nbsp;Francesc Zarzuela,&nbsp;Núria Serre-Delcor,&nbsp;María Espiau","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Unaccompanied and separated children (UASC) are a high-risk group for infectious diseases and information on their vaccination status is scarce. Different approaches are used to screen newly arrived minors in Europe. The aim of this study was to describe the health status and serological protection against different vaccine-preventable diseases among UASC to inform public health decision-making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective study of all UASC seen at an international health reference center in Barcelona (Spain) between January 2017 and February 2020. Screening results were analyzed using binary logistic regression with adjustment for symptoms, geographic origin, and time since arrival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We studied 289 UASC (88.9% males; median age, 17 years). At least one infection was diagnosed in 136 minors (47.1%). There was a high prevalence of intestinal parasites (22.8%), latent tuberculosis infection (22.5%), and hepatitis B (5.2%), even in asymptomatic individuals, and especially among UASC from sub-Saharan Africa (odds ratio, 2.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.5-4.0, P &lt; 0.001). We did not observe a significant association between clinical symptoms and the presence of infection or differences in the prevalence of different infections according to number of months since arrival. Protection against hepatitis B virus (36%), measles (80%), and varicella (83%) was suboptimal.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results highlight the importance of screening and vaccination programs for UASC arriving in Europe, especially border countries. Protocols should be adjusted according to geographic origin. Absence of symptoms does not necessarily rule out infection, highlighting the importance of screening in asymptomatic minors. These programs are a public health priority and should not be neglected during the current COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"872-877"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40356798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and Severity of Kawasaki Disease Among Vietnamese Children.","authors":"Nguyen-Huong Doan,&nbsp;Nipha Sivilay,&nbsp;Chisato Shimizu,&nbsp;Hai Nguyen,&nbsp;Emelia Bainto,&nbsp;Quyen Nguyen,&nbsp;Adriana H Tremoulet,&nbsp;Jane C Burns","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kawasaki disease (KD) disproportionately affects children of Asian descent. San Diego is home to a large Vietnamese population but no previous study has addressed the outcome of KD in this group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective review of Vietnamese patients seen at Rady Children's Hospital San Diego from 2001 to 2019. Non-Vietnamese Asian and non-Asian KD patients were matched (2:1) based on date of onset and age with Vietnamese patients. Demographic, clinical, and echocardiographic data were compared. Interviews with cardiologists at the Children's Hospital 1 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, explored local practices in the diagnosis and management of KD patients. KD publications in Vietnamese were translated and summarized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 978 KD patients for whom both parents had the same ethnicity, 20 were Vietnamese (2.1%), 168 (17%) were non-Vietnamese Asian, and 789 (81%) were non-Asian. Vietnamese and non-Vietnamese Asians had an earlier median day of diagnosis at day 6 (interquartile range [IQR] 5-6) and 5.5 (IQR 4-6.75), respectively, compared with non-Asians (day 7, IQR 5-8.75, P = 0.02). Prominent cervical lymphadenopathy at diagnosis was more common in both Vietnamese and non-Vietnamese Asians (20% and 40%, respectively) compared with non-Asians (12.5%, P = 0.01). Importantly, Vietnamese KD patients had a higher rate of coronary artery aneurysms (60% vs. 27.5%) compared to non-Asians (P = 0.024). Vietnamese literature review and structured interviews suggested a high incidence and severity of KD in Vietnamese children.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Physicians should be aware that Vietnamese children may be disproportionately affected by KD and have worse coronary artery outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e487-e489"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33500273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Be Aware of the Risk of Phlebotominae.","authors":"Eleonora Fusco,&nbsp;Lara Fusani,&nbsp;Sandra Trapani,&nbsp;Maria Vincenza Mastrolia,&nbsp;Gabriele Simonini,&nbsp;Elena Chiappini,&nbsp;Elisabetta Venturini,&nbsp;Luisa Galli","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003675","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e503-e504"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40356422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Actinomycosis of the Middle Ear in Children: Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Takuma Ohnishi,&nbsp;Satoshi Sato,&nbsp;Satoshi Asanuma,&nbsp;Yoji Uejima,&nbsp;Eisuke Suganuma","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Actinomycosis of the middle ear is a rare infectious disease, characterized by a slowly progressive clinical course. We report the case of a 9-year-old girl with recurrent otitis media, who presented with clinical signs of a cholesteatoma. She underwent tympanoplasty and ossiculoplasty. After surgery, actinomycosis was diagnosed histologically. We also provide a review of 16 published pediatric cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e478-e480"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40356800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BCG Vaccine-associated Complications in a Large Cohort of Children With Combined Immunodeficiencies Affecting Cellular and Humoral Immunity.","authors":"Waleed Al-Herz,&nbsp;Entesar H Husain,&nbsp;Mehdi Adeli,&nbsp;Tariq Al Farsi,&nbsp;Suleiman Al-Hammadi,&nbsp;Amna Ali Al Kuwaiti,&nbsp;Maryam Al-Nesf,&nbsp;Nashat Al Sukaiti,&nbsp;Salem Al-Tamemi,&nbsp;Hiba Shendi","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003678","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To present the details of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-vaccine associated complications (VACs) in combined immunodeficiencies (CID) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five centers participated in this retrospective study and completed a data form, which included general patients' information, clinical and laboratory data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 236 CID patients, 127 were BCG vaccinated. 41.9% of patients with family history of CID and 17.1% who were diagnosed by screening were BCG vaccinated. Twenty-three patients (18.1%) developed BCG-VACs. The median age of VACs was 6 months and the median time from vaccination to complications was 6 months. The highest rate of BCG-VACs was recorded in patients receiving the Russian BCG strain compared to the Tokyo and Danish strains. Univariate analysis of T-lymphocyte subsets showed increased odds of BCG complications in patients with CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ counts of ≤250 cells/µL. Only CD8 + count ≤250 cells/µL had increased such odds on multivariate analysis. VACs were disseminated in 13 and localized in 10 patients. Localized complication occurred earlier after vaccination (median: 4 months) compared with disseminated ones (median: 7 months). There were no significant associations between sex, administered vaccine strain, serum immunoglobulins levels, lymphocyte subsets counts, and the chance of having either localized or disseminated BCG-related complications.</p><p><strong>Coclusions: </strong>Although contraindicated, many patients with CID continue to be vaccinated with BCG. Low CD8 + count is a risk factor for BCG-related complications and localized complications occurred earlier than disseminated ones. Considerations should be undertaken by health care authorities especially in countries with high incidence of CID to implement newborn screening, delay the time of BCG vaccine administration beyond 6 months of age and to use the relatively safer strains like the Danish and Tokyo ones.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"933-937"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40357804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Utility of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Pediatric Oncology Patients.","authors":"Shivanthan Shanthikumar,&nbsp;Samuel Colenutt,&nbsp;Theresa Cole,&nbsp;Rachel Conyers,&nbsp;Tom Rozen,&nbsp;Jo Harrison,&nbsp;Philip Robinson,&nbsp;Gabrielle M Haeusler","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003648","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lower airway sampling is important in the assessment of lower respiratory tract infection in children with cancer or posthematopoietic stem cell transplant and can be done via bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Clinicians can struggle with balancing the benefits of BAL against the risks. This study aimed to define the diagnostic and clinical utility of BAL in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-center retrospective review of BAL performed in children with cancer or posthematopoietic stem cell transplant. Data extracted included demographics, BAL method and results and antimicrobial treatment. Variables significantly associated with diagnostic yield, diagnostic impact (confirmation or exclusion of infection), and clinical impact (any change in antimicrobial or nonantimicrobial therapy) were assessed in both univariate and multivariate analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-three BAL episodes were included. In 26 (35.6%) episodes, a pathogen was identified on BAL. Forty-nine (67%) BAL episodes had a diagnostic impact and 15 (21%) had a clinical impact. Late BAL (&gt;72 hours) compared with early BAL (odds ratio 3.27; 95% CI: 1.03-10.86), and flexible bronchoscopy compared with nonbronchoscopic lavage (odds ratio 6.10; 95% CI: 1.90-24.0), were more likely to have a diagnostic impact on multivariate analysis. No associations were found for clinical impact.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>One-third of BAL episodes identified a pathogen, two-thirds had a diagnostic impact, and almost a quarter of episodes impacted antimicrobial prescribing. The method and timing of BAL may be important, with flexible bronchoscopy 6-fold more likely and late BAL 3-fold more likely to have a diagnostic impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"899-903"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40566686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chest Wall Tuberculosis After Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccination.","authors":"Mayu Iwai,&nbsp;Takashi Fukushima,&nbsp;Noriyuki Watanabe,&nbsp;Atsuhiko Ohta,&nbsp;Atsuko Watanabe,&nbsp;Takamasa Takii,&nbsp;Kotaro Mitsutake,&nbsp;Ryuhei Tanaka,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Ebihara","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003676","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e504-e505"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40357800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}