Energy ReportsPub Date : 2025-07-15DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2025.07.001
Jakub Čespiva , Martina Vráblová , Kateřina Smutná , Wei-Mon Yan , Sangeetha Thangavel , Ján Vereš , Jan Skřínský , David Kupka , Mateusz Wnukowski , Gangasalam Arthanareeswaran , Tadeáš Ochodek
{"title":"Evaluation of the environmental burden of Co/CoMnK catalytic synthesis wastewater employing acute toxicity tests as a methodological framework","authors":"Jakub Čespiva , Martina Vráblová , Kateřina Smutná , Wei-Mon Yan , Sangeetha Thangavel , Ján Vereš , Jan Skřínský , David Kupka , Mateusz Wnukowski , Gangasalam Arthanareeswaran , Tadeáš Ochodek","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Contaminated wastewater is produced as an inevitable by-product in many industrial applications. This paper thoroughly investigates the toxicity and environmental burden of wastewater from the Fischer-Tropsch catalytic synthesis process. This significant by-product was analysed through the means of root growth inhibition of <em>Sinapis alba</em>, acute lethal effects on <em>Eisenia andrei</em>, chromatography on organic compounds, and determination of the content of metals. Two samples based on Co and CoMnK fixed bed catalytic synthesis using a standard range of parameters (250–280 °C; 1.5 MPa; 1145 h<sup>–1</sup>) were prepared. The results showed a severe toxicological effect in all investigated means. Significant Co, Mn, and K occurrences were detected in wastewater in amounts of 0.40–0.57, 0.83, and 0.13 mg·l<sup>–1</sup>, respectively. The root growth inhibition test proved that only 9.85 % solution is necessary to reach a 50 % growth inhibition in the case of Co synthesis. CoMnK synthesis presented slightly less toxic results – 11.75 % solution for 50 % growth inhibition. Similarly, Wastewater Co with lethal concentration LC50 87.74 % was more toxic to earthworms than Wastewater CoMnK with LC50 95.99 %. The level of toxicity of this widely produced substance was surprisingly high. Rising environmental protection activity is expected to prove problematic for the current or future industrial applications, and a need to adopt treatment processes discussed in this study or upgrade the existing ones might be of the essence. The issue of wastewater toxicity and its environmental impact are discussed and evaluated hereby.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 944-951"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy ReportsPub Date : 2025-07-14DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2025.07.002
Bekinew Kitaw Dejene
{"title":"The future of fabric: A comprehensive review of self-powered smart textiles and their emerging applications","authors":"Bekinew Kitaw Dejene","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Smart textiles have evolved remarkably from traditional fabrics to advanced materials that integrate electronic components, sensors, and energy-harvesting technologies. This evolution has led to the development of self-powered smart textiles capable of generating and storing energy from diverse sources, thereby reducing dependence on external power supplies. These self-powered systems can convert biomechanical, biochemical, and body heat energy into electrical signals, facilitating the long-term, real-time monitoring of physiological states. Key technologies driving energy conversion in self-powered smart textiles include triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs), magnetoelastic generators (MEGs), thermoelectric generators (TEGs), and biofuel cells (BFCs). Together, these technologies address the rising demand for sustainable on-body energy solutions and have heightened interest in self-powered smart textiles. While existing literature has examined various applications of smart textiles, there remains a significant gap in comprehensive assessments specifically addressing self-powered smart textiles across multiple domains. This review aims to fill this gap by providing an extensive overview of self-powered smart textiles with a focus on their materials, energy-harvesting technologies, and emerging applications. It explores the principles of energy harvesting and storage integrated into textiles, examines advanced materials and fabrication strategies, and highlights key applications in the healthcare, fitness, military, fashion, and industrial sectors. Additionally, it discusses the current challenges related to durability, scalability, and environmental sustainability, and outlines future directions to advance this rapidly evolving field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 898-943"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy ReportsPub Date : 2025-07-12DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2025.07.006
Marianne Petersen , Shi You , Aidan Cronin , Henrik Bach Mortensen
{"title":"Adopting a Quadruple Bottom Line approach for assessing offshore energy hubs: A proposal based on industrial insights and expert reviews","authors":"Marianne Petersen , Shi You , Aidan Cronin , Henrik Bach Mortensen","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the critical parameters necessary for evaluating large-scale renewable offshore energy hubs, based on insights from industry experts. Using a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis methodology, the experts emphasized that, in their view, technical and economic parameters rank higher than environmental and societal considerations when evaluating large-scale renewable offshore projects, including green hydrogen production. Environmental and societal parameters should not be neglected, but they ought to be evaluated outside this assessment framework. This could refer to the environmental impact assessment already in use. These findings provide a foundation for evolving the traditional Triple Bottom Line theory into a Quadruple Bottom Line approach by incorporating technical parameters alongside economic, social, and environmental factors, while addressing the specific challenges of offshore energy hubs. Among all the parameters ranked across the four domains, the top 15 were exclusively techno-economic, with technical and economic scores averaging 4.5 and 4.3 out of 5, respectively. In contrast, societal and environmental scores averaged below 3.0. To ensure the successful deployment of offshore energy hubs, a stepwise approach is recommended to manage complexity, reduce risks, and support scalable solutions. This approach aims to align the needed industrial parameters with the demands of the energy transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 886-897"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144611617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Increasing photovoltaic hosting capacity in distribution networks in Puerto Rico: Seasonal and technical characteristics analysis and solutions","authors":"Huaman-Rivera Anny, Irizarry-Rivera Agustin, Calloquispe-Huallpa Ricardo","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing dependence on electrical devices has increased the demand for energy security, which has led many users to adopt photovoltaic (PV) systems as a reliable energy source. This trend occurs in regions such as Puerto Rico, where natural disasters like hurricanes and storms often disrupt the power supply. Despite the environmental and energy security benefits, the massive integration of PV systems poses challenges for the electricity sector, such as overvoltages, overloads, and other power quality issues, especially during peak generation periods. This study evaluates the hosting capacity of PV systems (HCPV) in real distribution networks in Puerto Rico, analyzing six feeders with different characteristics in topology, length, load, voltage, and geographical location. Increasing PV penetration scenarios and time variations were simulated by modeling detailed distribution feeders using OpenDSS, and the results were processed in MATLAB. Strategies to increase HCPV, such as using a battery energy storage system (BESS) and the Volt-VAr control function of smart inverters (SI), were also evaluated. The results show that HCPV varies seasonally and that feeders operating at 13.2 kV are less susceptible to voltage violations than those operating at 8.32 kV and 4.16 kV. In addition, the combination of BESS with the Volt-VAr function of the SI was the most effective strategy for increasing the HCPV. In conclusion, the technical characteristics of the feeders and seasonal conditions significantly influence the HCPV, as well as the occurrence of thermal and voltage violations in the power grid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 867-885"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A two-stage dynamic optimization strategy for wind-thermal-energy storage systems in energy and frequency regulation ancillary service markets with adaptive opportunity cost quantification","authors":"Hongbin Sun, Zhanyu Duan, Qiuchen Shen, Xi Tang, Zhanpeng Qu, Shijun Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Against the backdrop of high-penetration renewable energy integration, wind-thermal-storage integrated systems need to collaboratively participate in energy and frequency regulation ancillary service markets to enhance overall revenue. However, traditional optimization models neglect the opportunity costs among wind, thermal, and storage resources across multiple markets, leading to rigid resource allocation and profit losses. This study proposes a dynamic opportunity cost quantification method and a two-stage optimization framework combining Markov Decision Process (MDP) and Receding Horizon Control (RHC). The first stage uses MDP-based value iteration to generate day-ahead optimal dispatch strategies, while the second stage employs RHC for real-time rolling adjustment of unit outputs and market bids with adaptive opportunity cost weights. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model increases the system's total net revenue by 28.7 % compared to traditional approaches without considering opportunity costs and by 18.9 % versus static opportunity cost models. The framework innovatively enables flexible multi-time scale decision coordination, dynamic opportunity cost weighting, and reduced computational complexity via hierarchical optimization, providing efficient and adaptive decision support for multi-energy systems in electricity markets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 832-844"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144535654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy ReportsPub Date : 2025-07-03DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2025.05.041
Wang Yingnan , Wang Xiaowei
{"title":"A hybrid power load forecasting model based on evolutionary strategy and long short term memory","authors":"Wang Yingnan , Wang Xiaowei","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.05.041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.05.041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate short-term load forecasting (STLF) is crucial for maintaining supply-demand balance and ensuring stable power grid operations. This paper proposes a hybrid model, the Evolutionary Strategy Long Short-Term Memory (ES-LSTM), to enhance the accuracy of STLF. The model combines genetic algorithm (GA) optimization with LSTM neural networks, tackling significant challenges related to data quality and hyperparameter tuning. Missing load and meteorological data are restored using Newton interpolation, and principal component analysis (PCA) is employed to reduce feature redundancy. GA optimizes key LSTM hyperparameters, such as the number of hidden layer units, time steps, and learning rate, to maximize prediction performance. Validated on a data set of 475 low-voltage users, ES-LSTM achieves a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 0.02, significantly outperforming benchmark models like LSSVM (MAPE: 0.036) and BPNN (MAPE: 0.115). Experimental results confirm the model’s robustness, generalization ability, and suitability for real-world applications. This research provides a reliable solution for power utilities to improve operational efficiency and grid stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 845-853"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144535653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy ReportsPub Date : 2025-07-03DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.032
Giuseppe Russo, Giovanni Francesco Giuzio, Cesare Forzano , Giovanni Barone , Annamaria Buonomano
{"title":"Strategies and technologies for the sustainable development of energy, water, and environmental systems","authors":"Giuseppe Russo, Giovanni Francesco Giuzio, Cesare Forzano , Giovanni Barone , Annamaria Buonomano","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite important progress over the past decade concerning the global rise of clean energy investments that have surpassed those in fossil fuels and the adoption of net-zero targets by most of the world’s economy, further efforts are still needed to achieve truly sustainable development. Addressing the complex challenges of climate change requires integrated strategies that connect energy, water, and environmental systems in innovative and effective ways. In this context, the Conferences on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (SDEWES) serve as key platforms for advancing scientific knowledge and supporting the transition toward more sustainable pathways. This editorial introduces recent advances in sustainable energy research featured in the Virtual Special Issue (VSI) of <em>Energy Reports</em>, dedicated to the 2023 SDEWES conference. The contributions span a wide range of topics and reflect the interdisciplinary nature of ongoing efforts to tackle global sustainability challenges. The editorial also reflects on recent trends in research presented in the framework of these conferences over the last years, with particular attention to work published in <em>Energy Reports</em>. More specifically, the articles discussed in this editorial address a range of innovative approaches to improve energy efficiency and support sustainable transitions. These include passive and active strategies for enhancing energy performance in the built environment, the integration of renewable energy technologies into urban infrastructures and decentralized systems, and the growing role of digitalization in sustainable design, through the application of simulation tools, modeling platforms, and decision-support systems. Finally, the editorial explores the potential of emerging energy carriers, such as hydrogen and synthetic fuels, in enabling cleaner and more flexible energy systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 854-866"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy ReportsPub Date : 2025-07-02DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.041
Sheng Wang, Mingjie He
{"title":"A flexible triboelectric nanogenerator-enabled insole for self-powered gait monitoring in football applications","authors":"Sheng Wang, Mingjie He","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of self-powered wearable sensors is emerging as a transformative approach in smart sports analytics and athletic performance monitoring. In this work, we present a flexible and low-cost fiberglass cloth triboelectric nanogenerator (FC-TENG), constructed from a laminated structure of fiberglass cloth and cotton fabric. Operating in a vertical contact–separation mode, the FC-TENG demonstrates excellent triboelectric performance, with a high open-circuit voltage (V<sub>OC</sub>, 172.7 V), short-circuit current (I<sub>SC</sub>, 30.4 μA), and transferred charge (Q<sub>SC</sub>, 89.6 nC) under 2 Hz excitation, along with a maximum power density of 158.7 mW/m<sup>2</sup> at an optimized load of ∼10 MΩ. The device also exhibits robust capacitor charging capability and frequency-dependent output characteristics. To explore its practical value, the FC-TENG was integrated into the heel region of a football shoe and employed as a self-powered bio-mechanical sensor for real-time monitoring of foot-ground interactions during typical football activities such as dribbling, shooting, passing, and ball control. The system enables accurate recognition of gait phases, walking speed variations, and motion states (e.g., walking, running, jumping), solely based on triboelectric signal features—without requiring external power sources. Furthermore, abrupt signal interruptions enable fall detection, offering potential applications in sports injury prevention and athlete safety. This study demonstrates a scalable and wearable triboelectric sensing platform tailored for next-generation self-powered football training, real-time movement classification, and personalized sports performance optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 803-812"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy ReportsPub Date : 2025-07-02DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2025.05.058
Le Hong Lam , Le Viet Phu
{"title":"Strategic power expansion and renewable integration in pathways to the Net-Zero in Vietnam","authors":"Le Hong Lam , Le Viet Phu","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.05.058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.05.058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decarbonizing the power sector and the transition to a low-carbon energy future are critical strategies for reducing emissions. A major challenge in adapting conventional power systems to incorporate low-carbon energy sources is variable outputs of renewable energy. Energy storage systems (ESS) offer a solution to mitigate these fluctuations. Given the complexity of input data and non-convex constraints, capacity planning for renewables and ESS has become mainstream research with the development of various methodologies and applications. This study develops two integrated models to address these challenges: (i) a capacity expansion model based on Linear Problem, and (ii) an hourly dispatch model using Mixed Integer Linear Problem. Applied to Vietnam’s latest national power development plan, the PDP8, our analysis of three future scenarios reveals significant potential of integration of renewable energy post-2030. Additionally, the study outlines criteria for selecting ESS locations in Vietnam, taking into account factors such as congestion, load shedding, and renewable energy curtailment. Our results show that ESS deployment can significantly reduce renewable energy curtailment, while effectively addressing load shedding requires appropriate penalty mechanisms for power companies. Our findings offer insights for policymakers and power system planners facing reliability, operational efficiency, and decarbonization trade-offs in energy transitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 813-831"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distributed cooperative control for DC microgrids: A prescribed-time consensus method","authors":"Wanjun Li , Zhenzhen Xu , Meifeng Chen , Qingfeng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a novel distributed hierarchical control strategy based on prescribed-time consensus for DC microgrids, aimed at achieving proportional power allocation and voltage restoration within the preset time. The proposed control method leverages communication among distributed agents to collect voltage and current information, enabling the system to reach consensus within a predetermined time frame. This scheme not only guarantees fast convergence but also ensures that the convergence time is independent of the system’s initial conditions, which is a significant improvement over traditional finite-time and fixed-time consensus methods. Moreover, the prescribed-time control strategy offers flexibility by allowing the convergence time to be adjusted according to specific application requirements, making it more adaptable to real-world conditions. Using the Lyapunov stability theorem, we rigorously prove the stability of the proposed control scheme, ensuring that the system’s dynamic performance remains robust. Compared to existing methods, the proposed strategy reduces the conservativeness in estimating the upper bound of the convergence time, thereby enhancing system stability and improving microgrids’ power quality. The effectiveness of the proposed control approach is further validated through experiments across various scenarios, demonstrating its capability to achieve rapid and reliable consensus in DC microgrids. The results show that the control method can significantly improve the performance of the microgrid under different operating conditions, making it a valuable contribution to the field of distributed energy resource management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 792-802"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}