Energy Reports最新文献

{"title":"Deductive assessment of a hybrid electricity storage system depending on varying renewable generation designs for Austria","authors":"Jasmin Mensik ,&nbsp;David Wöss ,&nbsp;Johannes Schmidt ,&nbsp;Tobias Pröll","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.12.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.12.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carrying out a joint assessment of electricity storage and renewable generation expansion, the authors provide insights into synergies and interrelations following a holistic approach. Based upon actual generation and load profiles for the case of Austria, a 100 % renewable electricity system is analysed in tandem with a hybrid electricity storage system. The straightforward top-down simulation incorporates a lithium-ion battery, pumped hydro storage and power-to-gas storage, some of which were selected on the premise of leveraging existing infrastructure. An integral aspect of the chosen approach lies in the efficient operation of the hybrid storage system, where charging and discharging of the technology with highest cyclical efficiency is given preference. This approach minimizes energy losses and consequently increases the overall performance of the system. Five different scenarios with varying shares of wind and photovoltaic generation are presented, to provide a deeper understanding on the changing requirements on the hybrid electricity storage system. Additionally, the effect on the required renewable generation, due to the altered structure of the hybrid electricity storage system, is examined. Under the assumed system boundaries, the analysis reveals the highest system performance and most cost-efficient scenario characterized by a mixed share of 20 % photovoltaic, 44 % wind, 33 % run-of-river and 3 % biomass-based generation on the total annual generation (73.41 TWh). This scenario results in the lowest requirement of total annual generation as well as total charging (29.88 TWh) and discharging requirements ((-) 17.89 TWh) per year which are 43 % and 41 % lower compared to the least favourable scenario.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Pages 514-524"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of energy vulnerability in shaping human development outcomes: A multidimensional analysis","authors":"Serge Temkeng Djoudji ,&nbsp;Stéphane Mbiankeu Nguea","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.12.044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.12.044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Though African countries are experiencing progress in access to reliable, modern, and affordable energy sources, many African people remain vulnerable to energy access, which negatively impacts human development outcomes. This study investigates the effects of energy vulnerability on human development, measured by the Human Development Index (HDI), infant and under-five mortality, life expectancy, and human capital in 27 African countries over the 2000–2019 period. The Driscoll-Kraay standard errors, IV-GMM, and panel quantile regression methods are employed to account for cross-sectional dependence, heterogeneity, and endogeneity issues. The results indicate that a one percent increase in energy vulnerability is negatively associated with human development outcomes. Sub-regional analysis shows reliable and consistent findings. The findings of this study suggest expanding access to electricity, promoting the development of renewable energy sources and energy-efficient technologies, and investing in energy infrastructure and capacity building to improve the reliability and quality of energy services. Further research should examine mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Pages 538-547"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on spatial correlation network and influencing factors of environmental efficiency of major cities in Yellow River Basin","authors":"Guangyao Deng ,&nbsp;Mengdan Li ,&nbsp;Yuting Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.12.042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.12.042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper employs social network analysis and the QAP regression model to explore the spatial correlation network and the factors influencing urban environmental efficiency along the Yellow River Basin(YRB).The results show that: First, the cities can be divided into four plates. Plate II, as the \"engine\", transfers the growth momentum of environmental efficiency of major cities in the YRB to the \"broker\" plate (the first plate), which acts as an intermediary and bridge. Plate II transfers the growth momentum of environmental efficiency of major cities in the YRB to the fourth plate, which has \"two-way spillover\". As the \"main benefit\" role, the third plate mainly receives the spillover effect of the first plate. Second, the regression coefficient of the difference matrix of foreign investment utilization level is negative, the regression coefficient of the difference matrix of urbanization level is significantly negative, environmental regulation level, energy consumption level and patent level on the spatial correlation of environmental efficiency is significantly positive. This indicates that in the future, it is necessary to improve the network density and network efficiency among cities in the YRB, optimize the relevant environmental efficiency network of major cities in the YRB, and upgrade the environmental system and technology of major cities in the YRB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Pages 525-537"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, construction, and commissioning of a 500 kW high-temperature heat pump plant for the district heating network of Bochum, Germany","authors":"Arianna Passamonti ,&nbsp;Frank Sachse ,&nbsp;Paola Bombarda ,&nbsp;Rolf Bracke","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.11.080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.11.080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An innovative thermal pilot plant at the Fraunhofer IEG location in Bochum is a proof of concept for the technical use of high-temperature heat pumps (HTHPs) with seasonal mine thermal energy storages (MTESs), as a heat source, to supply conventional district heating grids (DHGs), significantly lowering CO₂ emissions from fossil fuel employment. In this study, we present the steps involved in plant development, from preparation and planning to construction, testing and heat injection, which were essential for achieving successful operation and advancing the plant from TRL 4 to TRL 8. The implementation phases enabled the injection of heat into the DH grid, currently allowing to save annually up to 4800 tons of CO₂ emissions, and represent a solid base for the construction of analogous experimental systems, which will be increasingly required due to greenhouse gas emissions reduction and renewable energy implementation. An important technological accomplishment of the project is the first-time achievement of the HTHP, which features a cascaded system of two units with ammonia and butane as refrigerants, of a supply temperature of 120° C. The plant technology can be transferred and scaled to various applications, including industrial processes and low-temperature DHGs, and locations. Given the abundance of unused mining facilities and high thermal energy needs in these regions, the system can be implemented in former mining areas and paired with other geothermal sources. Depending on the available MTES, various HTHP sizes can be considered, ranging from tens of MW to smaller than the installed one.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Pages 548-561"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facilitated model predictive power control of DFIG driven by NNPC inverter for wind energy system","authors":"Nguyen Khanh Quang ,&nbsp;Nguyen Kim Anh ,&nbsp;Van-Quang-Binh Ngo","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.12.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.12.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel model predictive control approach designed for a four-level Nested Neutral Point Clamped inverter interfaced with a doubly fed induction generator. A simplified model utilizing stator voltage orientation is employed to accurately track the active and reactive power references of the generator, maintain the voltage equilibrium of the flying capacitors and reduce the frequency of the commutation. A comprehensive comparative analysis is performed in Matlab/Simulink to evaluate the conventional and previous methods against the suggested approach, thereby validating the viability of the advanced strategy. Simulation outcomes show that the offered approach offers superior dynamic and static control performance, especially regarding transient response time, total harmonic distortion of the stator current, root mean square error of power ripple, and fluctuations in flying capacitor voltages. The application of the C2000 microcontroller TMS320F28379D within a hardware-in-the-loop framework confirms the practical applicability of the suggested control strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Pages 562-575"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aligning heat pump operation with market signals: A win-win scenario for the electricity market and its actors?","authors":"Evelyn Sperber ,&nbsp;Christoph Schimeczek ,&nbsp;Ulrich Frey ,&nbsp;Karl Kiên Cao ,&nbsp;Valentin Bertsch","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.12.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.12.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Residential heat pumps (HPs) have a promising technical potential for demand response. Real-time pricing (RTP) schemes are currently emerging in many countries to unlock this potential. This study is the first to assess the comprehensive efficacy and appeal of incentivizing flexible HP usage with RTP by integrating the perspectives of the energy market and its actors. To this end, we have coupled an agent-based model of the German electricity market with a bottom-up residential HP dispatch optimization model. Our study identifies potential win-win scenarios for the market and its actors in specific contexts. This is particularly the case when users with local photovoltaic or energy-efficient buildings operate HPs with RTP and have moderate comfort tolerance regarding flexible heating setpoints. In these instances, users can realize savings of 10–30 % of annual costs, while market actors benefit from a modest reduction in the maximum residual load (3–5 GW by 2040) and an increase in market values for wind energy. In other contexts, there may be unintended consequences. This is especially relevant when intense responses to price signals due to a high user comfort tolerance cause overshoots in flexible demand, thus triggering an \"avalanche effect.\" In such cases, new residual load peaks emerge compared to inflexible HP operation. Moreover, users in many building types then no longer benefit from flexible HP usage with RTP, as associated expenses such as aggregator fees paid to offset the avalanche effect at the day-ahead market diminish the electricity cost savings. In light of the potential drawbacks for the electricity market and users, our study highlights the importance of conducting a thorough assessment before implementing RTP for flexible HPs on a large scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Pages 491-513"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Piezoelectric energy harvesting in agricultural machinery: Impact of PZT configurations and rectification techniques on power generation","authors":"Luciano Mendes dos Santos ,&nbsp;Fabio Lúcio Santos ,&nbsp;Francisco Scinocca ,&nbsp;Geice Paula Villibor","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.11.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.11.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research extensively characterizes piezoelectric materials, specifically PZT (lead zirconate titanate) tablets, for energy harvesting in agricultural machinery. The study investigates various configurations series, parallel, and hybrid arrangements (series/parallel and parallel/series) of PZT tablets integrated into a mass-spring system to optimize energy harvesting efficiency. In addition, two energy conditioning systems were explored: full-wave rectification and commercial modules, with a detailed evaluation of their impact on system performance. The energy harvesting setup included a platform with 25 PZT pellets on a PLA (polylactic acid) plate. Each PZT tablet was connected to an individual spring, forming a single degree of freedom system to enhance energy capture. Experimental trials with an electromechanical vibrator analyzed voltage, current, and power parameters. Findings revealed that the highest power generation occurred under resonance conditions, irrespective of the specific configuration, rectification approach, or PZT arrangement. The analysis demonstrated that series and hybrid configurations notably increased energy output compared to parallel arrangements. Notably, the most promising configuration involved diode bridge signal rectification combined with a hybrid arrangement of PZT tablets: 5 sets of 5 PZTs interconnected in parallel and then in series. This configuration has significant potential for energy harvesting from mechanical vibrations, with applications extending beyond agricultural machinery to other engineering fields requiring low-cost, efficient energy solutions. This research contributes crucial insights into the use of piezoelectric materials, addressing limitations in previous studies by providing a comprehensive analysis of PZT configurations and diode bridge signal rectification methods. The findings emphasize practical applications and advancements in sustainable energy harvesting, highlighting the potential for broader impact across various domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Pages 455-464"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic life cycle assessment of an on-field tested DC-nanogrid for the environmental evaluation of Renewable Energy Communities","authors":"Giuseppe Di Florio ,&nbsp;Anna Pinnarelli ,&nbsp;Elena Busi ,&nbsp;Pasquale Vizza ,&nbsp;Giovanni Brusco ,&nbsp;Maria Camilla Baratto ,&nbsp;Daniele Menniti ,&nbsp;Nicola Sorrentino ,&nbsp;Riccardo Basosi","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.12.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.12.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A DC-nanogrid is a small-size DC smart grid (not over 10 kW) generally for residential applications, based on a DC bus, which can interconnect different generation plants with electric storage systems and at least an inverter to supply uninterruptible critical loads. In the next future, Renewable Energy Communities are intending to serve the power system in terms of flexibility, reliability and optimal management of distributed energy storage. The DC-nanogrids are the key technologies to the smart functioning of microgrids and key factors for building Renewable Energy Communities. In this study the environmental evaluation, via Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), of a DC-nanogrid for home application (called in ComESto project nGfHA) has been carried out. The focus of the study is twofold: the analysis of the nGfHA hardware and the use of a targeted approach for the detailed evaluation of the nGfHA operation. An experimental approach based on a four days’ timeline has been implemented for the dynamic LCA evaluation of the nGfHA operations. The results highlight that the hardware of the nGfHA has secondary effects on the environmental impacts of the complete nGfHA configuration; the highest contribution to the environmental impact comes from the Li-ion energy storage, followed by PV, use phase and nGfHA hardware. Nevertheless, a sensitivity analysis shows that an extended lifetime of energy storage leads to equivalent environmental performances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Pages 477-490"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk-informed evaluation of delivery fleet electrification and vehicle-to-grid economics","authors":"James Owens ,&nbsp;Emre Gençer","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.12.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.12.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Commercial fleet electrification offers various cost optimization options, from smart charging to vehicle-to-grid (V2G) services. The optimal configuration is a function of a particular fleet's attributes and travel obligations. Comprehensive cost-benefit analyses are crucial, considering all costs and uncertainties in the changing electricity market. However, prior fleet electrification studies do not sufficiently capture market-based cause-and-effect relationships in estimating fleets’ V2G capabilities and revenues. This study addresses gaps in prior research by using a risk-informed Monte Carlo modeling framework to evaluate electrification costs and benefits under operational uncertainty and changing market conditions. The framework incorporates stochastic optimization for fleet frequency regulation decisions, revenues, and operating costs across seasons and rate designs. By considering market risks, demand charges, and travel needs, the model produces more realistic outcomes. Applying this framework to commercial delivery fleets in California, various electrification options are analyzed and compared to internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs), under different market scenarios. Key findings include: (1) V2G frequency regulation revenues are less lucrative than suggested by other studies, providing only marginal benefit (&lt;4 %) over smart charging in some cases when fleet risk and travel obligations are considered (2) Vehicle-to-building (V2B) arbitrage and peak providing 5–6 % and up to 29.8 % operational savings, respectively, relative to smart charging baselines (3) Favorable electrification economics relative to ICEVs, achieving cost parity within 2–3 years and net present costs up to 30–40 % lower. Sensitivity analysis reveals that mileage, energy and vehicle prices, and maintenance costs most influence lifetime costs, while the impact of factors like demand charges and depot load size varies based on the fleet's service type. These findings have significant implications for fleet electrification strategies. Fleet managers should prioritize smart charging and carefully evaluate V2G investments and market structure, given their potentially limited returns. The substantial benefits of V2B services, especially peak shaving, suggest these should be key considerations in electrification planning. Policymakers and utilities can use these insights to develop more effective supportive frameworks and incentives for fleet electrification, focusing on approaches that offer consistent benefits across various scenarios. The robust economic advantage of electric fleets over ICEVs supports accelerated electrification efforts, even in the face of market uncertainties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Pages 433-454"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the trend behavior of the wind turbine powertrain using mechanical vibration and seasonal wind data","authors":"G.G.B. Ferri ,&nbsp;B.P. Velloso ,&nbsp;S.L. Avila ,&nbsp;R.N. Tominaga ,&nbsp;R.M. Monaro ,&nbsp;M.B.C. Salles ,&nbsp;B.S. Carmo ,&nbsp;T.K. Matsuo","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.12.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2024.12.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Knowing the behavior of a wind turbine promotes better monitoring of its operation and maintenance. Wind data analysis is usually used to optimize power generation, nonetheless it is known that the greater the wind intensity, the greater the wind turbine mechanical vibration. ISO 10816 and 16079 offer guidelines for mechanical vibration instrumentation, emphasize the powertrain as it holds significant importance in the entire equipment. The powertrain has ten vibration sensors, and each one has nine features. We show a strong correlation between the features, the sensors, and between the sensors and the wind data. It can simplify the monitoring system, building a single key performance indicator (KPI) per powertrain using principal component analysis (PCA). We use this KPI for two further actions. First, we calculate the wind from this KPI by regression. If the regressed wind corresponds to the measured one, we can classify the vibration behavior as healthy or abnormally. A reduction in accuracy would show that something has changed and needs evaluation. Second, considering the wind forecast for a time window, we establish whether powertrain vibration will be compatible with healthy operation. Long Short-Term Memory neural network (LSTM) and extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) methods do our regression and prediction tasks. Our results show adequate accuracy for identifying trends and therefore composing alarms in a SCADA system, for example. Our framework contributes to a better monitoring system, as it guides decision-making regarding the operation and maintenance of the wind turbine considering the seasonal behavior of the wind.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Pages 353-362"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}