Energy Reports最新文献

{"title":"AC voltage and reactive power control in DFIG-based wind farms: A comparative study for mitigating sub-synchronous resonance in compensated and weak networks","authors":"Jorge Vega-Herrera ,&nbsp;Stevens Fuentes-Flores ,&nbsp;Diego Ortiz-Villalba ,&nbsp;Jacqueline Llanos ,&nbsp;Alex Villamarín-Jácome ,&nbsp;Marcelo Cortes-Carmona ,&nbsp;Danny Espín-Sarzosa","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrating Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG)-based wind farms into weak and series-compensated systems may introduce significant subsynchronous resonance (SSR) risks, compromising system stability. This paper presents a detailed comparative analysis of two control strategies, reactive power control, and AC voltage control, implemented in the outer control loops related to the grid side converter (GSC) to mitigate SSR in DFIG-based systems. The comparisons are based on modal analysis, and the dynamic risk of SSR is investigated by evaluating several operating conditions and key control parameters. This includes different levels of series compensation, weakness, phase-locked loop (PLL) bandwidth, and current control parameters associated with the rotor-side converter (RSC). The results demonstrate that AC voltage control provides superior dynamic performance and less SSR risk damping, especially in highly compensated grids where reactive power control is unstable. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis highlights the critical role of RSC tuning and PLL bandwidth in maintaining system stability to avoid SSR risks. These findings offer practical insights for control design strategies in DFIG-based wind farms, particularly for applications in weak and compensated grids, enhancing grid reliability and reducing the risk of SSR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 566-578"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing towards indonesia's net zero emission goals: An in-depth multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) analysis of ship-loader operations in maritime transportation using interval type-2 fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS methods","authors":"Saint Septian Sudjono,&nbsp;Dzikri Firmansyah Hakam,&nbsp;Meditya Wasesa","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient maritime logistics play a pivotal role in Indonesia's economic growth and development. Selecting an appropriate ship loader such as fixed, mobile, slew, parallel, shuttle, or tower types, is crucial for operational efficiency and environmental responsibility, particularly in port operations involving dry bulk cargo. The selection process requires the evaluation of multiple key performance indicators (KPIs), including loading rate, downtime, energy consumption, environmental impact, flexibility, capital expenditures, throughput volume, and loading accuracy. This study utilizes a structured multi-criteria decision-making framework that integrates the Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (IT2FAHP) with the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to address decision-making challenges. By incorporating expert opinions from key maritime stakeholders including shipping companies, dry bulk terminals, shipping agent, and cargo shippers, this study accommodates subjective judgments and uncertainty in evaluating ship loader performance. The results indicate that loading rate is the most influential KPI, with a normalized weight of 41 %, and that the parallel ship loader is the most preferred alternative, with a closeness coefficient (CC) of 0.67. A sensitivity analysis validates the robustness of the model, with the fixed loader emerging as the most stable option across varying scenarios. While the IT2FAHP-TOPSIS method has been applied in other industrial contexts, this research presents its first systematic application within Indonesia’s maritime infrastructure. The findings offer both theoretical contributions and practical guidance for decision-makers in optimizing port operations while supporting broader sustainability objectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 552-565"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Techno-economic analysis of battery storage technologies in distribution networks with integrated electric vehicles and solar PV systems","authors":"Chukwuemeka Emmanuel Okafor ,&nbsp;Saheed Lekan Gbadamosi ,&nbsp;Senthil Krishnamurthy ,&nbsp;Mukovhe Ratshitanga ,&nbsp;Prathaban Moodley","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a simulation, optimization, and assessment of economic impacts of a grid-connected solar PV system with electric vehicles (EVs) and various battery energy storage systems (BESS) for distribution network systems. Four optimization algorithms—Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Direct Search Optimization (DSO), and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) were deployed in determining the optimal parameters for energy storage deployment in the distribution networks integrated with EVs and solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. Two real-world distribution network systems were modeled for time-based (quasi-dynamic) simulations: the 30-bus South African distribution network and the 49-bus distribution network of Baghdad City, Iraq. These models were used to evaluate the impacts of integrating solar PV, electric vehicles (EVs), and battery energy storage systems (BESS) on voltage profiles and active power losses. The simulation results were further optimized to determine the optimal BESS placement within the proposed networks using GA, PSO, DSO and GWO techniques. An economic analysis was conducted to optimize the integration of BESS with EVs and solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. The study considered various battery storage configurations, including grid + time-dependent loads (TDLs), grid + PVs + TDLs, grid + PVs + EVs + TDLs, grid + PVs + TDLs + Li-ion BESS, grid + PVs + TDLs + Surrette BESS, and grid + PVs + TDLs + Trojan BESS. These configurations were analyzed to assess their impact on power losses and voltage deviations within the distribution networks. The results showed promising outcomes, with the total Net Present Cost (NPC) ranging from $8.41 million to $10.03 million across all configurations. Li-ion BESS emerged as the most cost-effective option, achieving the lowest annualized cost. The PSO algorithm outperformed the GA in optimization, determining an optimal BESS size of 0.1126 MW. Systems utilizing Li-ion BESS consistently demonstrated superior performance to those with Surrette and Trojan BESS, achieving the lowest net energy purchases, peak demands, and energy costs while generating significant revenue from excess energy sales to the grid. Li-ion BESS is the most cost-effective and sustainable solution due to its high efficiency, energy density, and long lifecycle. For the real-world 30-bus South African distribution network, PSO and GWO are preferred due to their efficient utilization of BESS, achieving optimal performance with lower storage investment. For the larger 49 bus network, GWO offers a more balanced and robust solution, effectively maintaining acceptable power losses and voltage quality through appropriate BESS allocation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 579-599"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy policy uncertainty and pollution emissions: Investigating the mediating mechanism of energy consumption dynamics in powerhouse eight (PHE) countries","authors":"Xiang Ma ,&nbsp;Umar Farooq ,&nbsp;Mosab I. Tabash ,&nbsp;Abdullah A. Aljughaiman ,&nbsp;Abdulateif A. Almulhim","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The primary objective of the study is to unravel the nuanced connections between EUI (energy uncertainty index), energy consumption dynamics, and CO2 emissions. Employing ARDL estimation on a comprehensive dataset of PHE (powerhouse eight) countries over the period 1996–2019, the study analyzes the effects of EUI on pollution emissions and energy consumption dynamics. The findings reveal a significant positive connection between EUI and CO2 emissions, shedding light on how policy volatility can contribute to environmental challenges. Moreover, the study uncovers the direct impact of FFE (fossil fuel energy consumption) and a negative impact of REC (renewable energy consumption) on pollution emissions. Specifically, it is observed that EUI leads to an enhancement of pollution emissions. The rise in pollution emissions driven by EUI is largely facilitated by energy consumption patterns, which serve as a pathway for transmitting the effects of EUI on environmental degradation. The study offers practical insights for policymakers, emphasizing the need for stability and clarity in energy policies to mitigate adverse environmental impacts. The study's novelty lies in its inclusive analysis of the interplay between energy policy uncertainty, energy consumption dynamics, and pollution emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 600-612"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal carbon reduction in supply chain under the hybrid carbon quota and carbon tax policy","authors":"Liang Wang,&nbsp;Junjie He","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates carbon reduction decision-making in a capital-constrained supply chain under a hybrid policy that combines carbon quota and carbon tax mechanisms. A Stackelberg game decision-making mechanism with the manufacturer as the leader is clarified to derive the optimal carbon reduction rate, wholesale price, and order quantity under the sole carbon quota policy, the sole carbon tax policy, and the hybrid carbon quota and carbon tax policy. The model further examines the influence of policy variables, such as carbon quota and carbon tax, along with consumers' low-carbon preference and carbon reduction cost coefficient on optimal decisions. Numerical simulations reveal that the hybrid policy leads to a higher carbon reduction rate than using either carbon quota or carbon tax alone. The reduction rate increases with a higher quota, tax, and consumers' low-carbon preference, but decreases with rising reduction costs. The hybrid policy achieves similar wholesale prices and order quantities with the carbon quota policy while significantly outperforming the carbon tax policy by achieving lower pricing and demand levels. Although the hybrid approach slightly reduces revenue compared to the quota-only policy, it generates substantially higher returns than the tax-only approach. These findings highlight the hybrid policy's ability to balance environmental effectiveness and economic performance. The study offers practical guidance for policymakers seeking to enhance supply chain sustainability through more integrated carbon regulation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 524-538"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy management of multi-carrier microgrids including electric vehicles: A self-structuring type-3 fuzzy approach","authors":"Manwen Tian ,&nbsp;Lixing Zhu ,&nbsp;Khalid A. Alattas ,&nbsp;Ali Dokht Shakibjoo ,&nbsp;Amith Khandakar ,&nbsp;S.M. Muyeen ,&nbsp;Ardashir Mohammadzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.05.050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.05.050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper studies a microgrid comprising wind and solar systems, battery storage units, flywheels, diesel generators, and multi-carrier energy (MCE) systems, which are designed for simultaneous electricity and heat production. Additionally, electric vehicles (EVs) are considered by incorporating Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology, into the frequency-tuning operations. The frequency control of the microgrid is achieved by taking into account the gas network and its peak consumption. The load distribution in the gas network is simultaneously considered alongside electric charge distribution, ensuring nonlinear frequency control. This integration is achieved using an adaptive non-singleton (NS) type-3 (T3) fuzzy logic controller (FLC). In the introduced controller, there is no need for predefined models of various units and related equations that represent the relations of frequency deviation with different factors. The FLC parameters, including fuzzy set parameters, rule parameters, and level of slices, are adaptively tuned using a nonlinear Square Root Cubature Kalman Filter (SCF). Also, the Gaussian fuzzy sets consider and model the sensor noise and measurement errors of the inputs. The designed controller uses a small number of rules and is quickly adopted with system conditions. Furthermore, the fully self-structuring scheme improves the system’s resilience against disturbances and uncertainties. The results demonstrate that the suggested approach achieves a 16%/22% improvement in root-mean-square (RMS) values, and a 79%/81% reduction in maximum frequency deviation in comparison to conventional FLC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 539-551"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reference phasor correction-based fault self-synchronization for power grid protection","authors":"Gang Chen,&nbsp;Junjie Zhang,&nbsp;Liang Guo,&nbsp;Yanjing Zhang,&nbsp;Jiayu Guo,&nbsp;Xionghui He","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The proliferation of distributed energy resources intensifies synchronization demands for distribution network differential protection, where conventional fault self-synchronization methods face accuracy limitations due to fault detection delays and channel uncertainties. To resolve this, we propose a reference phasor correction-based self-synchronization method. After the protection device is activated, this method utilizes a reference phasor at a specific pre-fault moment to correct errors in the traditional fault self-synchronization method. This approach is unaffected by fault detection delays and channel latencies, allowing it to achieve data synchronization that meets the requirements of differential protection in distribution networks without dedicated protection channels or external timing signals. The simulation results indicate that this method can achieve the synchronization accuracy required for feeder differential protection in various types of feeders. It remains unaffected by the initial fault phase angle and device sampling frequency, while exhibiting strong noise immunity. The method maintains high synchronization accuracy even when T-connected loads or distributed generation of certain capacities exist within the feeder, demonstrating robust noise resistance capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 445-454"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-agent system for optimized energy management in multi-smart buildings via deregulated market system","authors":"Abdul Haseeb Sajid ,&nbsp;Muhammad Zubair Iftikhar ,&nbsp;Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi ,&nbsp;Zafar A. Khan ,&nbsp;Sultan Alghamdi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Waseem","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A key focus in smart grid research, especially within emerging distribution frameworks, is the effective management of energy resources. The proposed approach employs a multi-agent system to manage energy resources in interconnected smart buildings. The goal is to enhance resilience by determining the energy available for consumption or storage from the source by generating agent, adjusting energy usage in response to grid cost by load agent, and optimizing the supply-and-demand dynamic by storing surplus power during peak hours and discharging it during off-peak hours by storage agent. A MATLAB simulation-based model was developed to analyze five different cases, resulting in the proposed scheme. During off-peak hours, grid dependence decreases by 65.5 %, by 73.49 % during mid-peak hours, and by 85.9 % during peak hours, compared to the base case. When comparing case 3 to the base scenario, the share of energy imported by buildings from the main grid during off-peak, mid-peak, and peak hours is reduced to 69.8 %, 76.51 %, and 89.39 %, respectively, following the implementation of the deregulated market system. This paper presented a genetic algorithm in case 4 to optimize consumption patterns to minimize costs and achieve a 30 % reduction in consumption during peak hours. The resulting consumption decreases peak-hour grid imports by 85.4 % and 96.1 % for building 1 and building 3, respectively, compared to the base case. The findings of this study are useful in understanding the prospects of transforming the energy landscape through proper energy management and enabling a competitive energy market structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 455-472"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing the impact of albedo on solar panel power generation potential in various installation patterns: Case study of Italy","authors":"Behrouz Pirouz ,&nbsp;Seyed Navid Naghib ,&nbsp;Karolos J. Kontoleon ,&nbsp;Hana Javadi Nejad ,&nbsp;Patrizia Piro","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The implementation of solar panels is expanding, and several kinds of solar panels can be integrated into building shells. Within this context, the current study explores the performance of monofacial and bifacial solar panels on various roof typologies with variable installation patterns and albedos. In this regard, the comparison will aid in comprehending how roof albedo affects yearly energy production, the most suitable way to set up solar panels on the roof, and the distinction between monofacial and bifacial solar panels. The evaluation is specifically based on a set of 160 simulations in North and South Italy. Therefore, in an effort to provide a thorough understanding of their function while taking into account the frequency of shadowing of solar panel surfaces on roof surfaces, other panel surfaces, and radiation reflection from solar panel surfaces to adjacent modules. The findings indicate that the impact of shade frequency appears dominant when solar panels cover more than 40 % of the roof's surface, and there is a noticeable decline in the electricity production of both monofacial and bifacial solar panels. Furthermore, it turns out that the enhanced bifacial output at this rate appears to be triggered by radiation reflection from solar panel surfaces to the rear of other adjacent modules rather than the roof's albedo. In a nutshell, these factors make the current study a valuable addition to the field, particularly with regard to building structures situated in Italy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 473-485"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-objective optimal scheduling of distribution networks with load aggregator involvement","authors":"Lin Zheng ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Zheng ,&nbsp;Haoyang Tang ,&nbsp;Zhilu Liu ,&nbsp;Tiange Li ,&nbsp;Jinpei Lu ,&nbsp;Zhijian Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread distribution and large number of user-side resources pose challenges for direct dispatch by the power grid. To fully leverage the regulation potential of demand-side resources, this paper proposes a multi-objective scheduling model for distribution networks with load aggregator involvement, aiming to minimize economic cost, reduce network losses, and increase renewable energy utilization. Aggregated models of air conditioners and electric vehicles are developed based on their operational characteristics and user demand. Fuzzy chance constraints are introduced to address the uncertainty in demand response participation. The model is solved using the AUGMECON-R method to generate the Pareto front, and the TOPSIS approach with comprehensive weighting is used to identify the optimal scheduling scheme. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method cuts economic cost by $159, reduces network losses by 0.201 MW, and increases the proportion of renewable energy supply by 1.5 percentage points. The results indicate that the model improves the operational performance of the distribution network operation by fully utilizing the flexibility of user-side resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11798,"journal":{"name":"Energy Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 486-499"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}