Engineering最新文献

{"title":"UK Scraps Coal Power","authors":"Mark Peplow (Senior Technology Writer)","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.03.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"48 ","pages":"Pages 3-5"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Synergistic Impact of CCUS-EOR","authors":"Zhenhua Rui ,&nbsp;Tingting Liu ,&nbsp;Xin Wen ,&nbsp;Siwei Meng ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Birol Dindoruk","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) represents a critical technological pathway for global carbon emission reduction. CCUS-enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technology is the most feasible CCUS technology demonstrating dual benefits of enhanced energy production and carbon reduction. This study comprehensively described the key influencing factors governing CO₂-EOR and geological storage and systematically analyzed reservoir properties, fluid characteristics, and operational parameters. The mechanisms of these parameters on EOR versus CO₂ storage performance were investigated throughout CCUS-EOR processes. This paper proposes a coupled two-stage CCUS-EOR process: CO₂-EOR storage stage and long-term CO₂ storage stage after the CO₂ injection phase is completed. In each stage, the main control factors impacting the CO₂-EOR and storage stages are screened and coupled with rigorous technical analysis. The key factors here are reservoir properties, fluid characteristics, and operational parameter. A novel CCUS-EOR synergistic method was proposed to optimize the lifecycle performance of dual objective of EOR and storage. Furthermore, based on multi-objective optimization, considering the lifecycle, a multi-scale techno-economic evaluation method was proposed to fully assess the CCUS-EOR project performance. Finally, a set of recommendations for advancing CCUS-EOR technologies by deploying multi-factor/multi-field coupling methodologies, novel green intelligent injection materials, and artificial intelligence/machine learning technologies were visited.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"48 ","pages":"Pages 16-40"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Berberine Protects Cerebral Vessels and Alleviates Diabetic Encephalopathy by Inhibiting the Production of δ-Valerobetaine in the Gut Microbiota","authors":"Zheng-Wei Zhang, Wei-Ping Wang, Jia-Chun Hu, Jin-Yue Lu, Ru Feng, Shao-Feng Xu, Ling Wang, Jie Fu, Hang Yu, Hui Xu, Hao-Jian Zhang, Xin-Yu Yang, Zhao Zhai, Jing-Yue Wang, Meng-Liang Ye, Heng-Tong Zuo, Jian-Ye Song, Yi Zhao, Xiang Hui, Xiao-Liang Wang, Yan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.018","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperglycemia in individuals with diabetes causes cognitive impairment, called diabetic encephalopathy (DE). The pathogenesis of DE is closely related to angiopathy, and effective treatment is highly desirable. The botanical agent berberine (BBR) effectively lowers blood glucose in diabetic patients. Here, we show for the first time that BBR significantly improved cognitive function in type 2 diabetic encephalopathy KK-Ay (2DEK) mice. High-resolution imaging via fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography (fMOST) revealed that the integrity of brain vessels was improved by BBR treatment. The improvements in average vessel diameter, vessel length, and total vessel volume were significant in the parietal association cortex (PtA), as well as in the CA1 and CA3 regions. A mechanistic study revealed that oral BBR inhibited δ-valerobetaine (δ-VB, a metabolite of the gut microbiota) production in the intestine. As intestinal δ-VB can enter the circulation and activate the Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) inflammatory pathway in the epithelial cells of blood vessels through interacting with TLR-4, BBR might reduce the intestinal level of δ-VB to protect the cerebral blood vessels of DE mice and improve their brain function. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) using the gut microbiota from BBR-treated mice confirmed the vital role of the gut microbiota. BBR showed a wide range of effects on the gut flora, also increasing short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and decreasing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in the intestine by adjusting the abundance of SCFA- or LPS-producing bacteria. The observed therapeutic efficacy <em>in vivo</em> revealed a synergistic effect of BBR on the gut microbiota. Conclusively, we found an association between the gut microbiota and blood vessels, of which intestinal δ-VB might be a chemical link. Mainly through downregulating δ-VB in the intestine, BBR protected cerebral vessels and alleviated DE.","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breakthrough Science Portends Nuclear Clocks of Unprecedented Precision","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.020","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Nuclear Option—Could It Work for Planetary Defense?","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.019","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal Scheduling and On-the-Fly Flexible Control of Integrated Energy Systems for Residential Buildings Considering Photovoltaic Prediction Errors","authors":"Ziqing Wei, Xiaoqiang Zhai, Ruzhu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.021","url":null,"abstract":"The integrated energy systems (IESs) offer a practical solution for achieving low-carbon targets in residential buildings. However, IES encounters several challenges related to increased energy consumption and costs due to fluctuations in renewable energy generation. Leveraging building flexibility to address these power fluctuations within IES is a promising strategy, which requires coordinated control between air-conditioning systems and other IES components. This study proposes a cross-time-scale control framework that contains optimal scheduling and on-the-fly flexible control to reduce the cost impacts of a residential IES system equipped with photovoltaic (PV) panels, batteries, a heat pump, and a domestic hot water tank. The method involves three key steps: solar irradiance prediction, day-ahead optimal scheduling of energy storage, and intra-day flexible control of the heat pump. The method is validated through a high-fidelity residential building model with actual weather and energy usage data in Frankfurt, Germany. Results reveal that the proposed method limits the cost increase to just 2.67% compared to the day-ahead schedule, whereas the cost could increase by 7.39% without the flexible control. Additionally, computational efficiency is enhanced by transforming the mixed-integer programming (MIP) into nonlinear programming (NLP) problem via introducing action-exclusive constraints. This approach offers valuable support for residential IES operations.","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precise 2D and 3D Hybrid Measurement of Drill Bits with Complex Geometries","authors":"Wenqi Wang, Wei Liu, Yang Liu, Yang Zhang, F. Zhenyuan Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.03.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.03.035","url":null,"abstract":"Drill bits with complex geometries are pivotal role as essential tools widely applied in high-performance manufacturing processes, particularly in aerospace and related industries. However, the precise measurement of the geometries of such cutting tools is quite challenging owing to their complex reflective properties, surface morphology, and numerous parameters within small dimensions. In this paper, we present an investigation of the effects of lighting and processing marks on visual measurement and propose a correlated fusion vision dual-platform with high accuracy and efficiency. First, a comprehensive calibration model and method that considers installation errors for bi-telecentric imaging is proposed. Then, improved methods for robust and precise two-dimensional measurement are presented, including an adaptive illumination method for high-contrast imaging and an interactive measurement algorithm for accurate feature extraction. Furthermore, a novel enhanced focus measure (ITene-Gabor) that incorporates both grayscale gradient and frequency information is proposed for high-quality three-dimensional topography reconstruction. Finally, we detail experiments and accuracy verification performed on two typical complex drill bits with sawtooth features. The experimental results demonstrate that the developed equipment achieves measurement deviations of less than 3 μm for length and 0.5° for angle as compared with a commercial microscope. The measurement efficiency averages 30 s per parameter, confirming the high accuracy, effectiveness, and reliability of the proposed method and system for measuring all drill bit parameters. The correlated fusion vision dual-platform and measurement methods also have the potential to be extended to other complex industrial products and can serve as a basis for developing universal measurement equipment.","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STROM: A Spatial-Temporal Reduced-Order Model for Zinc Fluidized Bed Roaster Temperature Field Prediction","authors":"Yunfeng Zhang, Chunhua Yang, Keke Huang, Tingwen Huang, Weihua Gui","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.013","url":null,"abstract":"With the intelligent transformation of process manufacturing, accurate and comprehensive perception information is fundamental for application of artificial intelligence methods. In zinc smelting, the fluidized bed roaster is a key piece of large-scale equipment and plays a critical role in the manufacturing industry; its internal temperature field directly determines the quality of zinc calcine and other related products. However, due to its vast spatial dimensions, the limited observation methods, and the complex multiphase, multifield coupled reaction atmosphere inside it, accurately and timely perceiving its temperature field remains a significant challenge. To address these challenges, a spatial-temporal reduced-order model (STROM) is proposed, which can realize fast and accurate temperature field perception based on sparse observation data. Specifically, to address the difficulty in matching the initial physical field with the sparse observation data, an initial field construction based on data assimilation (IFC-DA) method is proposed to ensure that the initial conditions of the model can be matched with the actual operation state, which provides a basis for constructing a high-precision computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. Then, to address the high simulation cost of high-precision CFD models under full working conditions, a high uniformity (HU)-orthogonal test design (OTD) method with the centered <em>L</em>₂ deviation is innovatively proposed to ensure high information coverage of the temperature field dataset under typical working conditions in terms of multiple factors and levels of the component, feed, and blast parameters. Finally, to address the difficulty in real-time and accurate temperature field prediction, considering the spatial correlation between the observed temperature and the temperature field, as well as the dynamic correlation of the observed temperature in the time dimension, a spatial-temporal predictive model (STPM) is established, which realizes rapid prediction of the temperature field through sparse observation data. To verify the accuracy and validity of the proposed method, CFD model validation and reduced-order model prediction experiments are designed, and the results show that the proposed method can realize high-precision and fast prediction of the roaster temperature field under different working conditions through sparse observation data. Compared with the CFD model, the prediction root-mean-square error (RMSE) of STROM is less than 0.038, and the computational efficiency is improved by 3.4184 × 10⁴ times. In particular, STROM also has a good prediction ability for unmodeled conditions, with a prediction RMSE of less than 0.1089.","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Potential Commercialization Method for Gas Production from Off-Shore Hydrate Reservoirs","authors":"Baojiang Sun, Jinsheng Sun, Youqiang Liao, Miao Dong, Jie Zhong, Praveen Linga","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.016","url":null,"abstract":"Depressurization and heat injection are viewed as the main methods to be used in natural gas hydrate (NGH) exploitation. However, these methods have limitations, such as low energy-utilization efficiency or a limited extraction range, and are still far from commercial exploitation. In this work, we propose a potential commercial method to exploit NGHs by effectively using geothermal energy inside deep reservoirs. Specifically, a loop well structure is designed to economically extract geothermal energy. Based on an analysis of our developed model, when the looping well is coupled with depressurization, the profits of high NGH production can surpass the drilling costs of extracting geothermal energy. Moreover, as the temperature of fluids from the geothermal layer exceeds 62 °C, the fluid heat is mainly consumed by the rock matrix of the hydrate formation, instead of promoting NGH dissociation. Based on this threshold temperature, a loop well drilled to a depth of about 4000 m for hydrate sediment in the Shenhu area of the South China Sea would be able to efficiently extract geothermal energy, leading to an approximate 73% increase in gas production in comparison with conventional depressurization. An economic analysis suggests that our proposed method can reduce the exploitation cost of methane to 0.46 USD·m⁻³. Furthermore, as the hydrate saturation increases to 0.5, the exploitation cost can be further reduced to 0.14 USD·m⁻³. Overall, a looping well coupled with geothermal energy and depressurization is expected to pave the way for commercial NGH exploitation.","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Efficacy of Low-dose Lovastatin through Probiotic-Mediated Absorption: Insights from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies","authors":"Bohai Li, Lai-Yu Kwok, Dandan Wang, Lu Li, Heping Zhang, Yongfu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.017","url":null,"abstract":"Gut microbiota reportedly affects both efficacy and toxicity in drug metabolism. Probiotics possess several enzymes and are increasingly used in clinical and food settings. However, the effect of probiotics on <em>in vivo</em> drug metabolism, activity, efficacy, and toxicity remains a pressing topic of investigation. We assessed the effects of the probiotic <em>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</em> Zhang (LCZ) on lovastatin <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. <em>In vitro</em> experiments indicated that LCZ metabolically activates lovastatin into lovastatin hydroxy acid. Subsequent <em>in vivo</em> investigations revealed that the combination of LCZ and low-dose lovastatin significantly improved the anti-hyperlipidemic effect in golden hamsters. However, the enhanced efficacy was not attributed to LCZ-mediated metabolism but rather to the modulation of the gut metabolite environment, facilitating lovastatin absorption. Increased lovastatin absorption elevated the expression of genes responsible for liver bile acid metabolism and lovastatin transformation, thereby enhancing drug efficacy. Furthermore, the effect of LCZ on lovastatin was dose-dependent, with higher lovastatin doses prompting increased absorption and potential toxicity. Comprehensive analyses of the metagenome and metabolites of commensal gut microbes, as well as the serum metabolome of the host, helped elucidate the mechanisms of probiotic-mediated absorption. This study highlights the interactions between probiotics and drugs from a safety perspective, providing insights into probiotic–drug co-treatment strategies and precision probiotics for personalized medicine.","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}