ERN: Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking最新文献_第9页

Antidumping Laws Should Be Consigned to the History Books 反倾销法应该被载入史册

ERN: Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking Pub Date : 2016-10-29 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2861270

Robert W. McGee, Yeomin Yoon

{"title":"Antidumping Laws Should Be Consigned to the History Books","authors":"Robert W. McGee, Yeomin Yoon","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2861270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2861270","url":null,"abstract":"Antidumping laws have existed in some form since the early twentieth century. Ostensibly aimed at protecting domestic producers from unfair trade practices, they have frequently been used as weapons of protectionism even when dumping has not occurred. When this happens, some special interest group gains at the expense of the general public. Studies have found that antidumping laws result in a negative-sum game, since the losses exceed the gains, an outcome that violates utilitarian ethical principles. Antidumping laws also violate property and contract rights, since they prevent consenting adults from trading the property they have for the property they want. This paper begins with a review of the theory and practice of antidumping laws, then proceeds to apply ethical principles to determine whether individuals who launch antidumping investigations are acting ethically and concludes that President Barack Obama “needs to be bold on trade” by starting out with correcting the popular view that “dumping” is bad and those who dump should be penalized. Frederic Bastiat pointed out the fallacy of this view in 1845, yet the view is not only still with many American politicians but widely believed to be true among U.S. domestic manufacturers. President Obama should proclaim the following: In a free enterprise economic system, domestic producers have no inherent claim on the funds of consumers. The only ethical way of obtaining consumer funds is through voluntary trade. Using the force of government to obtain the funds (by prohibiting foreign suppliers from competing) puts domestic producers in the role of the aggressor, and in fact makes consumers the real victims. That is exactly what happens when a domestic producer appeals to the government to request an anti-dumping investigation against some foreign producer that is merely taking away business. Therefore, all anti-dumping laws and policies should be abrogated to promote freer trade. A bibliography containing links to more than 100 trade articles is also included.","PeriodicalId":117783,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126399078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Judgement and Ranking: Living with Hidden Bias 判断和排名:隐藏偏见的生活

ERN: Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking Pub Date : 2016-09-27 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2844486

António M. Osório C.

引用次数: 0

Governance of Electoral Policy in Russia: New Political Parties and Institutional Limits for Representation 俄罗斯选举政策的治理:新政党和代表制的制度限制

ERN: Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking Pub Date : 2016-09-07 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2940703

L. Smorgunov

引用次数: 0

Fiscal Model Forecast for the 2016 Presidential Election 2016年总统大选财政模型预测

ERN: Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking Pub Date : 2016-08-11 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.2821878

Alfred G. Cuzán

引用次数: 1

Choosing from the Menu of Manipulation Explaining Incumbents’ Choices of Electoral Manipulation Tactics 从操纵菜单中选择:解释现任者对选举操纵策略的选择

ERN: Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking Pub Date : 2016-06-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2788475

Carolien van Ham, S. Lindberg

引用次数: 11

The Elusive Quest for Convergence 趋同的难以捉摸的追求

ERN: Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking Pub Date : 2016-04-18 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2262600

Anthony Fowler, Andrew B. Hall

引用次数: 37

The Impact of the Elderly on Inflation Rates in Developed Countries 发达国家老年人对通货膨胀率的影响

ERN: Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking Pub Date : 2016-03-30 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2756584

Tim Vlandas

{"title":"The Impact of the Elderly on Inflation Rates in Developed Countries","authors":"Tim Vlandas","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2756584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2756584","url":null,"abstract":"What explains the cross-national variation in inflation rates in developed countries? Previous literature has emphasised the role of ideas and institutions, and to a lesser extent interest groups, while leaving the role of electoral politics comparatively unexplored. This paper seeks to redress this neglect by focusing on one case where electoral politics matters for inflation: the share of the population above 65 years old in a country. I argue that countries with a larger share of elderly have lower inflation because older people are both more inflation averse and politically powerful, forcing governments to pursue lower inflation. I test my argument in three steps. First, logistic regression analysis of survey data confirms older people are more inflation averse. Second, panel data regression analysis of party manifesto data reveals that European countries with more old people have more economically orthodox political parties. Third, time series cross-section regression analyses demonstrate that the share of the elderly is negatively correlated with inflation in both a sample of 21 advanced OECD economies and a larger sample of 175 countries. Ageing may therefore push governments to adopt a low inflation regime.","PeriodicalId":117783,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123953481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25

The Self-Referential Reproduction of Élites in Transformational Political System 转型政治体系中Élites的自我参照再生产

ERN: Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking Pub Date : 2016-03-28 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2755491

N. Ponomarenko

引用次数: 0

International Alignment between Interests and Ideology: The Case of China's Partnership Diplomacy 利益与意识形态的国际契合:以中国伙伴外交为例

ERN: Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking Pub Date : 2016-03-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2786635

Georg Strüver

引用次数: 15

Computing the Power Distribution in the IMF 计算国际货币基金组织的权力分配

ERN: Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking Pub Date : 2016-03-04 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2742118

Sascha Kurz

{"title":"Computing the Power Distribution in the IMF","authors":"Sascha Kurz","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2742118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2742118","url":null,"abstract":"The International Monetary Fund is one of the largest international organizations using a weighted voting system. The weights of its 188 members are determined by a fixed amount of basic votes plus some extra votes for so-called Special Drawing Rights (SDR). On January 26, 2016, the conditions for the SDRs were increased at the 14th General Quota Review, which drastically changed the corresponding voting weights. However, since the share of voting weights in general is not equal to the influence, of a committee member on the committees overall decision, so-called power indices were introduced. So far the power distribution of the IMF was only computed by either approximation procedures or smaller games than then entire Board of Governors consisting of 188 members. We improve existing algorithms, based on dynamic programming, for the computation of power indices and provide the exact results for the IMF Board of Governors before and after the increase of voting weights. Tuned low-level details of the algorithms allow the repeated routine with sparse computational resources and can of course be applied to other large voting bodies. It turned out that the Banzhaf power shares are rather sensitive to changes of the quota.","PeriodicalId":117783,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134235534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8