俄罗斯选举政策的治理:新政党和代表制的制度限制

L. Smorgunov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在2011- 2012年颇具争议的选举政策之后,俄罗斯进行了新的政党立法改革,导致政党数量的增加。目前,该国有77个正式登记的政党。然而,2012-2015年的地区立法选举表明,新政党政治利益的代表性有限。当选举波动较大时,政党制度的多元性仍然有限(多为“四二”制),而地区内占主导地位的混合选举制度不允许小政党在地区议会中占有代表席位。对2012-2015年地方选举的研究表明,选举政治的排他性制度设计是导致代表权有限的主要原因。这种在2016年国家杜马议员选举中的制度设计,似乎是在联邦一级形成“无代表制的多元化”的主要原因。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Governance of Electoral Policy in Russia: New Political Parties and Institutional Limits for Representation
After the contentious electoral policy 2011-12 in Russia the new reform of party's legislation was conducted, that led to an increase in the number of political parties. Currently, 77 officially registered political parties are in the country. However, the regional legislative elections in 2012-2015 demonstrate the limited representation of the new party-political interests. When a relatively large electoral volatility party system is still limited pluralistic (mostly system of "4 2"), and dominant mixed electoral system in regions does not allow small parties hold their deputies in the regional parliaments. The study of regional elections of 2012-2015 shows that the main reason for the limited representation is exclusive institutional design of electoral politics. This institutional design at the elections of the State Duma deputies in 2016, appears to be the main reason for the formation of "pluralism without representation" at the federal level.
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