Environmental Geochemistry and Health最新文献

{"title":"Human health risk assessment of occupational exposure to NORMs using deterministic and Monte Carlo-based methods: a case study of artisanal gold mining areas.","authors":"Kugbere Emumejaye, Matthew Omoniyi Isinkaye, Peter Ebibuloami Biere, Sakirudeen Akinola Ishola, Amidu Olalekan Mustapha, Itunu Comfort Okeyode, Adewole Michael Gbadebo, Victor Makinde","doi":"10.1007/s10653-025-02575-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-025-02575-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artisanal and small-scale gold mining is a critical livelihood for many in developing regions, yet it poses momentous environmental and health risks, principally through the release of naturally occurring radioactive materials. The study evaluates the annual effective dose received by artisans engaged in several mining activities at Itagunmodi and Iperindo in Osun State, Nigeria. The soil and rock samples were analysed for the activity concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclides (⁴⁰K, ²²⁶Ra, and ²³²Th) using gamma spectrometry. These concentrations were then used to determine the annual effective doses from different exposure scenarios, such as digging, panning, and crushing. The results revealed that artisans engaged in digging and panning in the Itagunmodi mine were exposed to an annual effective dose of 0.577 mSv/y, whereas those at the Iperindo mine received doses of 0.739 mSv/y for comparable tasks. Importantly, crushing operations at Iperindo were linked to greater exposure of 1.264 mSv/y. The cancer risks associated with these operations were determined using Monte Carlo simulation approach. The findings of this work provide crucial insights into occupational exposure to radiation among mining artisans and emphasize the necessity for implementing suitable safety measures to reduce health hazards related to radiation exposure in these mining sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":11759,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","volume":"47 7","pages":"263"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual soil-rice interventions of silicon-selenium-calcium composites mitigate cadmium and arsenic accumulation in rice grains.","authors":"Yang Ping, Zhenzhou Zhang, Jingwen Yu, Xiaofeng Zhai, Cuihong Yang, Peicheng Huang, Qi Liao, Mengying Si, Qingzhu Li, Chongjian Tang, Zhihui Yang","doi":"10.1007/s10653-025-02568-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-025-02568-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of selenium, silicon, and calcium in reducing the accumulation of cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) in rice, and to explore their synergistic mechanisms. Field experiments were conducted by applying multi-nutrient composite materials (MCM) to rice plants. Environmental health risk assessment, soil pH, Cd and As content in rice grains, iron plaque, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes were measured to evaluate the effectiveness of MCM. The application of MCM significantly reduced the Cd and As concentration in rice grains by 56.76% and 84.75%, respectively. Moreover, MCM reduced the health risks of rice. Soil pH increased from 5.93 to 6.44, reducing the Cd and As bioavailability. Iron plaque formation increased by 60.36-230%, creating a barrier against Cd and As uptake. The increase in available silicon and calcium restricts rice uptake of both Cd and As. MCM promoted the Cd and As accumulation in vacuoles and cell walls, reducing their translocation in rice root, stem and leaf, while enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity. MCM effectively reduces Cd and As accumulation in rice through the synergistic effects of selenium, silicon, and calcium, providing a viable solution for rice safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":11759,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","volume":"47 7","pages":"262"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of radioactivity in chanterelle (Cantharellus cibarius) and health implications.","authors":"Dagmara Strumińska-Parulska, Aleksandra Moniakowska, Karolina Szymańska, Jerzy Falandysz","doi":"10.1007/s10653-025-02576-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10653-025-02576-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The contamination, accumulation, spatial distribution, and potential health risk of ¹³⁷Cs, ²¹⁰Po, ²¹⁰Pb, and ⁴⁰K in chanterelles collected across Poland were examined using a validated methodology (gamma-ray and alpha-particle spectrometric measurements). The values of anthropogenic ¹³⁷Cs activity concentration in mushrooms were between 118 and 1647. Bq∙kg^-1 dry weight (dw), while for natural ⁴⁰K from 1316 to 1895 Bq∙kg^-1 dw. The activity concentrations of ²¹⁰Po in chanterelles were between 2.23 and 8.57 Bq∙kg^-1 dw and in forest topsoil between 11.4 and 83.0 Bq∙kg^-1 dw. Corresponding values for ²¹⁰Pb were 1.50-6.14 and 7.74-46.1 Bq∙kg^-1 dw, respectively. An assessment of the annual radiation doses and cancer risk related to ¹³⁷Cs, ⁴⁰K, as well as ²¹⁰Po and ²¹⁰Pb (related to ²³⁸U series) consumed with chanterelle showed that ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Po give a similar risk, but 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than ⁴⁰K and ²¹⁰Pb.</p>","PeriodicalId":11759,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","volume":"47 7","pages":"258"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12152021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of geochemical parameters that control the spatial distribution of potentially toxic elements released from excavated shale at a temporary storage pit.","authors":"Shoji Suzuki, Toshihiko Miura, Kenichi Ito, Masahiko Katoh","doi":"10.1007/s10653-025-02577-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10653-025-02577-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large quantities of rocks naturally containing potentially toxic elements (PTEs) are generally excavated from urbanized and mountainous areas for construction purposes and are subjected to treatments (e.g., chemical immobilization) so that they can be re-used. To design such treatments, it is imperative to determine the total PTE amounts released from the excavated rocks and consider their spatial distribution. Within this context, the present study aimed to clarify (i) the spatial distribution of PTE contents released from 100 m³ of excavated shale deposited in a temporary storage pit, and (ii) the geochemical parameters that control such distribution. A total of 50 shale samples were collected from a temporary storage pit of rocks. These samples were subjected to the analysis for the determination of the released and total PTE amounts, and other chemical properties. No linear relationship was detected between the released and total PTE amounts. An error of ± 30% was estimated based on a sample of 10 rocks. The geochemical parameters controlling the PTE contents released from the excavated shale differed depending on PTE types. The release of arsenic and selenium was mainly controlled by the amount of amorphous iron, while that of lead and chromium was controlled by the amount of inorganic colloidal particles with size under 0.45-μm. This study suggested that the preparation of 10 mixed rock samples collected from temporary storage pits leads to an estimation of released PTE amounts with a 30% error. In addition, the actual PTE amount released from excavated rocks containing high and low amounts of amorphous iron and inorganic colloidal particles, respectively, would differ little from the estimated amounts.</p>","PeriodicalId":11759,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","volume":"47 7","pages":"259"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12152043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the transfer factors of potentially toxic elements in primary agricultural products based on their bioavailable fractions in soil.","authors":"Lucia Rita Pacifico, Annalise Guarino, Antonio Iannone, Mauro Esposito, Giuseppe Rofrano, Luigi Jacopo D'Auria, Alfonso Gallo, Pellegrino Cerino, Antonio Pizzolante, Stefano Albanese","doi":"10.1007/s10653-025-02561-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-025-02561-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introducing potentially toxic elements (PTEs) into the food chain through ingesting agricultural products can be considered one of the main factors favouring human exposure to these elements, with potential health risks. The study's main aim was to improve the understanding of the transfer dynamics of PTEs from soil to Primary Agricultural Products (PAPs). Unlike what has been done in several former studies, bioavailable fractions, instead of total concentrations, were used to assess transfer factors (TFs) of PTEs from soil toward PAPs. Further, the variability of some soil physicochemical characteristics such as organic matter (OM), grain size (GS), cation exchange capacity (CEC), pH, salinity and electrical conductivity (EC) was considered, and their potential influence on the elements' transfer process was evaluated. Statistical analyses, including boxplots, Schoeller diagrams, Robust Principal Component Analysis (RPCA), and Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA), were employed to explore the data. On average, results showed that TF Zn >  > TF Cu > TF Cd > TF Co > TF Hg > TF Pb > TF Ni > TF V > TF Se >  > TF Tl, with a shared trend for all species despite differences in TF magnitudes observed. In our case, the RPCA allowed the identification of three principal components accounting for 91% of the total variance, and the MRA revealed significant influences of clay content, CEC, and OM on TFs variability, particularly for Zn and Co. The use of the bioavailable fraction of PTEs in the soil to calculate transfer factors provided new insight into the mobility along the food chain of elements, unveiling the general \"propensity\" of some elements to migrate to the biological compartment (e.g., Zn) and the marked resistance of others to be transfered (e.g., Tl). Our study also demonstrated that identifying physicochemical factors potentially favouring or limiting the transfer of PTEs from soil to plant is a very complex task, and even when it is successful, only a limited portion of the overall process can be explained.</p>","PeriodicalId":11759,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","volume":"47 7","pages":"261"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The spatiotemporal heterogeneity in the impact of waterway transportation on fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) concentration: evidence from 25 Chinese provinces using a GTWR approach.","authors":"Fuyong Yang, Kunming Li, Ling Hong","doi":"10.1007/s10653-025-02570-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-025-02570-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper constructs an environmental impact model of Fine Particulate Matter (PM_2.5) concentration using the STIRPAT analysis framework and empirically tests the impact of waterway transport on PM_2.5 concentration and its spatiotemporal heterogeneity based on provincial panel data in China from 1998 to 2019 using the Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression (GTWR) model. The empirical results show: (1) The GTWR model, which considers spatiotemporal factors, outperforms the global regression (OLS) model in terms of fitting effects; (2) The impact of waterway transport on PM_2.5 concentration exhibits both positive and negative effects. Specifically, the positive effect of waterway goods transport on PM_2.5 concentration is significant, while the negative effect of waterway passenger transport is significant, and the two present an approximate substitution pattern in spatial distribution; (3) The effects of various influencing variables on PM_2.5 concentration all exhibit positive and negative effects as well as varying degrees of fluctuation, and they display significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity. From a temporal perspective, different influencing factors show certain evolutionary trends, while from a spatial perspective, the differences in influencing factors between regions are significant. These findings not only provide empirical support for regionally differentiated PM_2.5 control strategies in China but also offer valuable insights for other developing countries facing trade-offs between transportation development and air quality. The study contributes to the global discussion on sustainable transportation planning and environmental governance by highlighting the nuanced roles of freight and passenger transport in pollution outcomes. Based on the empirical conclusions, this paper proposes related policy recommendations for controlling PM_2.5 emissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11759,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","volume":"47 7","pages":"260"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater nitrate contamination around a municipal landfill: hydrogeochemical insights, source identification, and health risk assessment.","authors":"Misbah Fida, Peiyue Li, Jing Ning, S M Khorshed Alam, Yuanhang Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10653-025-02564-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-025-02564-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study intended to investigate the hydrochemical characteristics and sources of nitrate (NO₃-N) in groundwater, and to evaluate the potential health risks in the vicinity of the Jiangcungou landfill in Northwest China. To fulfill these purposes, a total of 41 groundwater sourced primarily from the phreatic aquifer were collected and analyzed. The study found that NO₃-N concentrations in the area varied between 0.57 mg/L and 47.69 mg/L, with 26.67% of samples exceeded China's drinking water threshold (20 mg/L as N) and 31.7% surpassing the WHO guideline (11.3 mg/L as N). The background level of NO₃-N was estimated to be 1.11 mg/L through a probabilistic approach and was exceeded by 85.4% of the samples. Ionic ratios and land use analysis highlighted significant NO₃-N contributions from domestic sewage, industrial, and agricultural sources. These findings were reinforced by principal component analysis (PCA) and the absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) model, which attributed 40.12% of NO₃-N to domestic sewage and wastewater and 7.78% to industrial and agricultural activities. Although Jiangcungou landfill is not the primary contributor, lingering leachate still affects groundwater quality, especially in nearby wells with high NO₃-N concentrations. Furthermore, health risk assessments indicated significant NO₃-N associated non-carcinogenic risks (HQ_oral > 1) for infants (63.4%), children (46.3%), females (41.5%), and males (34.1%). The Monte Carlo Simulation further supports these findings, highlighting elevated risks, especially for infants and children. This study provides important scientific support and guidance for implementing sustainable groundwater management practices and the protection of human health in affected areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":11759,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","volume":"47 7","pages":"257"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of Pb(II) adsorption by aged polyethylene terephthalate microplastics in the presence of microalgae: kinetic and mechanistic.","authors":"Haicheng Liu, Chenxuan Rao, Huixuan Xu","doi":"10.1007/s10653-025-02560-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-025-02560-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the effects of different aging treatments (UV light, potassium permanganate, and sodium hydroxide treatments) on the adsorption of lead (Pb(II)) by PET microplastics, as well as the impact of Microcystis aeruginosa on lead adsorption by PET microplastics. The results indicated that different aging treatments significantly affected the adsorption capacity of microplastics, which could be attributed to the increased functional groups and surface porosity during the aging process. Kinetic analysis revealed that the adsorption of Pb(II) follows a pseudo-second-order model, suggested that the adsorption process is mainly controlled by chemical adsorption. Intraparticle diffusion analysis further elucidated the migration mechanism of Pb(II) within the microplastics. On the other hand, the presence of Microcystis aeruginosa significantly enhanced the adsorption capacity of microplastics. As the concentration of microalgae increases, the promoting effect of microalgae on Pb(II) adsorption by microplastics gradually strengthens, with extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secreted by microalgae playing a key role in facilitating Pb(II) adsorption. These findings suggested that microalgae could strengthen the role of microplastics as carriers of heavy metal lead and aggravate the risk of lead pollution diffusion in aquatic ecological environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11759,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","volume":"47 7","pages":"254"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging remediation approaches for mining contaminated soils by heavy metals: recent updates and future perspective.","authors":"Priyadarshani Rajput, Abhishek Singh, Saglara Mandzhieva, Karen Ghazaryan, Tatiana Minkina, Vishnu D Rajput","doi":"10.1007/s10653-025-02553-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-025-02553-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mining sector is mostly responsible for the extensive environmental problem of soil contamination caused by lead, zinc, iron, manganese, and copper. Some examples of primary sources are processes involving in mining activities, manufacturing, processing, waste management, and atmospheric sediments. The main environmental and health impacts of contamination include soil degradation and pollution that affect the ecosystem and impose health risks. Therefore, the present work comprehensively evaluated the mining-related heavy metals contamination levels, and soils affected by mining activities. The recent methodological approaches such as nanotechnology were critically discussed to cope with mining contamination. Currently, nanotechnology has grown into a major driver of a paradigm shift, transitioning from conventional to advanced, especially in the field of sustainable remediation of toxic elements. In the present study, data from 2000-2025 (25 January 2025) were retrieved from the Scopus database, and the analyses of obtained dataset were performed through the R-Studio-Biblioshiny software tool. Therefore, the current review offers an important contribution, which includes a bibliometric analysis that makes it easy to understand the current state of mining pollution, worldwide research trends, knowledge gaps existing, and challenges for future research. Furthermore, this review also discussed the number of recent studies that delve into cutting-edge approaches to manage and remediate mineral waste, implement sustainable practices in the mining industry, and regulate pollution caused by heavy metals and metalloids. Insight into the current trends of heavy metals toxicity and its adverse effects on soil, plants, and humans were comprehensively explored. Additionally, review elucidates the mechanisms underlying bio-migration, uptake, and translocation of heavy metals in soil, crops, the mode of action of nanoparticle-based strategies for stabilization and remediation of mining sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":11759,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","volume":"47 7","pages":"255"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-cost filtration for metal(loids) removal from groundwater in rural Bangladesh: probabilistic human health risk mitigation effect.","authors":"Husnain Haider, Md Shafiquzzaman, Guangji Hu","doi":"10.1007/s10653-025-02549-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-025-02549-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In most rural Bangladesh, naturally contaminated shallow wells exceed the maximum allowable arsenic standards defined by the World Health Organization of 10 µg/L or even the Bangladesh Standard for the Tolerable Level (BSTL) of 50 µg/L. The present research conducted a probabilistic human health risk assessment to address the exposure and dose-response data uncertainties while evaluating the mitigation impact of a simple, low-cost ceramic filter (LCCF) made of clay soil and rice bran. Water quality monitoring in three villages of Bagerhat District, Bangladesh, found arsenic, manganese, and iron levels exceeding the regulatory standards of 50 µg/L, 50 µg/L, and 300 µg/L. Dual-unit LCCF achieved up to 92% arsenic, 89% manganese, and 99% iron removals for initial concentrations of 545 µg/L, 0.57 mg/L, and 7.18 mg/L. With 91.7% arsenic removal, the probability of hazard quotient (HQ) > 1 reduced from 0.9 to 0.69 for children and to 0.78 for adults in Village 1 with the most polluted (initial concentration of 545 µg/L) groundwater. In the least contaminated (initial concentration of 175 µg/L) Village 2, the probability of HQ > 1 reduced from 0.82 to 0.51 for children and 0.85 to 0.60 for adults. The LCCF minimized the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) probability, exceeding the estimated standard of 6E-4 for 10 µg/L, from 0.97 to 0.82 for Village 1 and 0.54 for Village 2. Single-unit LCCF for arsenic < 250 µg/L and double-unit LCCF for higher levels reduced cancer and noncancer risks lower than the HQs and ILCRs corresponding to BSTL for all exposure groups, supporting the application of LCCF at the household level in rural Bangladesh.</p>","PeriodicalId":11759,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","volume":"47 7","pages":"256"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}