Environmental and Experimental Botany最新文献

{"title":"Invasive species are more homogenous in their root morphology and exudate metabolome than non-invasive alien species","authors":"Nikita Rathore ,&nbsp;Věra Hanzelková ,&nbsp;Tomáš Dostálek ,&nbsp;Dinesh Thakur ,&nbsp;Zuzana Münzbergová","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>Invasive species, known for destabilizing ecosystems, may induce biotic homogenization by reducing functional diversity compared to non-invasive species. Root traits, such as exudate production, play a significant role in belowground plant interactions. However, the differences in these traits between invasive and non-invasive alien species, as well as their potential to contribute to functional homogenization, remain insufficiently understood.</div></span></li></ul><ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>We investigated whether invasive species (1) exhibit distinct root morphology and exudate metabolome and show greater homogeneity than non-invasive species, and (2) how functional dissimilarity changes with increasing phylogenetic dissimilarity in invasive versus non-invasive species by analyzing root morphological traits and exudate metabolome profiles in 65 plant species with different invasion status.</div></span></li></ul><ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>Results showed no significant differences in root morphology or exudate metabolome composition, though certain metabolites differed between the two groups. Overall, invasive species were more homogenous in both aspects, even after controlling for their phylogenetic relationships. Non-invasive species exhibited increased functional dissimilarity with increasing phylogenetic dissimilarity in root morphology, while the opposite was observed in root exudate metabolome.</div></span></li></ul><ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>Our study indicates that invasive species exhibit greater functional homogeneity, leading to reduced functional diversity. This reduction leads to lower ecosystem multifunctionality and niche complementarity, potentially posing a significant threat to ecosystem functioning and soil biodiversity.</div></span></li></ul></div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 106057"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome analysis and physiological response to heat and cold stress in flax (Linum usitatissimum L) at the seedling stage","authors":"Qian Zhao ,&nbsp;Shuyao Li ,&nbsp;Fu Wang ,&nbsp;Jianyu Lu ,&nbsp;Guofei Tan ,&nbsp;Ningning Wang ,&nbsp;Fan Qi ,&nbsp;Changjiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Michael K. Deyholos ,&nbsp;Zhenyuan Zang ,&nbsp;Jun Zhang ,&nbsp;Jian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exposure to low temperatures renders flax seedlings vulnerable to oxidative damage, leading to delayed flowering, while high temperatures hinder seedling growth and negatively impact pollen viability. The seedling stage is particularly sensitive to environmental stressors, which can result in decreased flax yield and compromised seed oil quality. In this study, phenotypic assessments, along with physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses, were conducted on flax plants subjected to both high and low temperature stress, followed by 6 d recovery period. Results showed that the length and weight of seedlings and shoots were greatest in flax plants that had recovered from low temperature stress. After exposure to low temperature stress, flax seedlings exhibited the highest relative water content (RWC) and relative water loss (RWL) measuring 66.56 % and 93.34 %, respectively. The levels of Pro, SOD, CAT, POD, and nine phytohormones were significantly elevated compared to the control, whereas MDA levels were notably declined. A total of 43,471 genes were identified in the transcriptome data, Among these 32,319 exhibited significant differential expression. GO analysis highlighted enrichment in biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions. KEGG analysis showed enrichment in plant hormone signal transduction and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Moreover, differentially expressed genes associated with phytohormone synthesis and signal transduction were analyzed. The expression level of salicylic acid (SA) genes was significantly upregulated under high temperature stress, whereas jasmonic acid (JA) genes were significantly up-regulated under low temperature stress. These findings will elucidate the intricate regulatory mechanisms of osmoregulatory factors, antioxidant enzymes, and endogenous plant hormones in flax's response to high and low temperature stress, offering valuable insights for the selection and breeding of resistant flax varieties and the enhancement of genetic resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 106076"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the impact of spring (Vrn-A1) and winter (vrn-A1) vernalization alleles on frost tolerance induced by light spectrum and low temperatures in different wheat backgrounds","authors":"Mohamed Ahres ,&nbsp;Tamás Pálmai ,&nbsp;Zsuzsanna Farkas ,&nbsp;Zsolt Gulyás ,&nbsp;Alexandra Soltész ,&nbsp;Péter Borbély ,&nbsp;Zahra Tahmasebi ,&nbsp;D. Brian Fowler ,&nbsp;Gábor Galiba","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The need for exposure to low, but non-freezing temperatures is a common aspect of both cold acclimation and vernalization, suggesting a possible link between these two processes. Cold hardiness levels are regulated by the C-repeat binding factor (CBF) regulon, whereas vernalization requirements are influenced by vernalization genes (<em>VRN</em>s). The <em>VRN1</em> gene has an epistatic effect on the CBF regulon, reducing frost tolerance during post-vernalization. It is widely acknowledged that, apart from low temperature, light also serves as an external signal influencing the expression of CBF genes indicating that photoperiod and light quality play important roles in regulating cold acclimation processes. For instance, frost-tolerant winter wheat illuminated by white light with additional far-red light increases frost resistance due to low red:far-red (R:FR) ratio. However, information regarding the regulation or influence of <em>VRN1</em> gene on the light quality induced frost tolerance is currently lacking. In the present study, reciprocal near-isogenic lines (NILs) produced from crossing the non-hardy spring-habit (<em>Vrn-A1</em>) cultivar ‘Manitou’ with the very cold-hardy winter-habit (<em>vrn-A1</em>) cultivar ‘Norstar’ were used. Our objective was to investigate how winter/spring VRN1 alleles (<em>vrn-A1</em>/<em>Vrn-A1</em>), inserted in the same genetic background, affect wheat frost tolerance under different spectral illuminations at temperatures of 15 °C and 5 °C. Based on freezing tests and the cold-related gene expressions patterns, it appears that the light-induced frost tolerance does not completely depend on <em>VRN1</em> gene expression but is strongly dependent on the background. Additionally, the presence of the spring allele is capable of sensitizing an otherwise frost-tolerant genotype to frost.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 106079"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing the soybean seed waterlogging tolerance molecular mechanism through integrated transcriptome and proteome analysis","authors":"Yongqiang Wang,&nbsp;Yuxiang Zhu,&nbsp;Dong Xue,&nbsp;Na Zhao,&nbsp;Mengnan Yao,&nbsp;Enqiang Zhou,&nbsp;Chunyan Gu,&nbsp;Bo Li,&nbsp;Yao Zhou,&nbsp;Zongdi Li,&nbsp;Yuxin Shi,&nbsp;Yamei Miao,&nbsp;Xuejun Wang,&nbsp;Kaihua Wang,&nbsp;Libin Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Waterlogging stress is one of the factors restricting soybean agricultural production. However, there are few studies on waterlogging tolerance in soybean seeds at germination stage. In this study, the physiological responses of soybean seeds under waterlogging stress at different durations (0, 12, 24, 36, 48 hours) were investigated. In the sensitive material (SX19–787), germination rate, root length, seedling length, fresh weight and vigor index were significantly lower than the control after 36 h waterlogging treatment, while the tolerant material (CN-5) still maintained high germination vigor. To elucidate the waterlogging tolerance mechanism, proteome, transcriptome sequencing and physiological–biochemical tests were employed. A total of 32 DEPs and 2281 DEGs were specifically expressed in CN-5. Seven DEPs and 11,067 DEGs were co-expressed in CN-5 and SX19–787. Combined proteome and transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that GRP-2, PER53, and PME31 proteins which regulate cell wall metabolism and RPL protein were hub proteins, DHAR3, GSTF9, CAMTA5, ACO3 and SDH were hub genes, indicating that they played a key role in waterlogging tolerance in soybean seeds at germination stage. The tolerant material (CN-5) showed higher PME and GST enzyme activity and lower PDC enzyme activity. The adaptive strategies for waterlogging tolerance in soybean seeds at germination stage may be: enhancing cell wall homeostasis, enhancing the tricarboxylic acid cycle and reducing ethanol fermentation to provide energy, enhancing antioxidant activity, and regulating ribosome metabolism. Overall, these findings provide in-depth insights into the waterlogging tolerance in soybean seeds at germination stage, and provide a theoretical basis for the breeding and identification of waterlogging-tolerant soybean varieties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 106056"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overexpression of SlGRAS38 in tomato roots accelerates arbuscular mycorrhiza formation","authors":"Tania Ho-Plágaro ,&nbsp;Jonathan D. Avilés-Cárdenas ,&nbsp;Nuria Molinero-Rosales,&nbsp;José M. García-Garrido","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent research has highlighted the role of GRAS family transcription factors (TFs) in arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) formation, particularly in tomato plants. This study conducted a functional analysis of the SCL32 GRAS transcription factor SlGRAS38 during arbuscular mycorrhizal formation in tomatoes, confirming its positive regulatory effect on mycorrhiza formation. Experiments reveal that overexpression of <em>SlGRAS38</em> accelerates mycorrhizal colonization and enhances nutrient uptake, flowering, and fruit yield. Transcriptomic data indicate that <em>SlGRAS38</em> may function as a new transcriptional regulator during mycorrhization. SlGRAS38 has previously been described as a transcriptional activator in ripening fruits, and here we demonstrate its regulatory role in mycorrhizal roots, suggesting potential cross-talk between these physiological processes. However, the exact mechanisms remain to be fully understood. Further research is needed to explore the interplay between SlGRAS38's roles in mycorrhization and fruit ripening, and to confirm its interaction within transcriptional complexes critical for arbuscule formation. This study underscores the importance of SlGRAS38 in AM development and opens avenues for future investigations into its multifaceted functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106054"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling abiotic stress-induced cell death modalities in the heterocytous cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120","authors":"Samujjal Bhattacharjee ,&nbsp;Arun Kumar Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Regulated cell death (RCD) in cyanobacteria is a post-stress phenomenon necessary for stress adaptability and eco-physiology. However, the sequential modulations in cellular processes conferring regulated forms of death remained elusive. In this study, we evaluated morpho-physiological and biochemical determinants of cell death in a time-dependent manner to understand the sequential cellular events during the process. The death was instigated by exposing heterocytous cyanobacterium <em>Anabaena</em> sp. PCC 7120–1 mM H₂O₂, 250 mM NaCl and sulfur-starvation. A significant changes in the sequences of morpho-physiological and biochemical events were observed in different stress conditions. Upon H₂O₂ treatment rapid oxidation of cytosol and disintegration of cell envelop was observed prior to DNA fragmentation. On the other hand, salt-stress and sulfur-deprivation induced phosphatidylserine (PS) externalisation, gradual rise in redox potential, and DNA fragmentation prior to membrane disintegration. Furthermore, we analysed the time-dependent expression of five orthocaspases, the putative executioner of cyanobacterial cell death. Out of five, only two orthocaspases <em>anaOC2</em> and <em>anaOC6</em> exhibit expression pattern synergistic and coherent with DNA fragmentation in salt treated and sulfur-deficient cells. However, no orthocaspases expression was evident during H₂O₂ treatment. Considering these parameters, H₂O₂ induced death was regarded as accidental cell death (ACD), whereas in salt and sulfur stresses mediated two different RCD subroutines, which were orthocaspases-dependent. Overall for the first time, we demonstrated the existence of three death modalities in cyanobacteria based on sequential cellular events and relative expression of orthocaspases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106050"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large physiological plasticity of water- and nutrient-use traits in Quercus ilex L. within and across populations: Implications for Mediterranean forest persistence under global change","authors":"R. Juan-Ovejero ,&nbsp;J. Castro ,&nbsp;F.B. Navarro ,&nbsp;J.M. Moreno-Rojas ,&nbsp;M.N. Jiménez ,&nbsp;A.B. Leverkus ,&nbsp;J.I. Querejeta","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Functional traits are essential for predicting plant responses to environmental changes, yet understanding within-species trait variability is complex due to multiple influencing factors. Long-lived trees, like the holm oak (<em>Quercus ilex</em> L.), are expected to respond to abiotic variations largely through phenotypic plasticity, so a better understanding of these plastic responses is key to managing climate change impacts on forests. To investigate intra-specific variations in ecophysiological performance under dry Mediterranean conditions, we measured isotopic, nutrient, and growth traits in 240 four-year-old holm oaks from various populations and mother trees grown in a common garden experiment. Contrary to expectations, we found little ecotypic differentiation in isotopic, nutrient, or growth traits among geographically distant populations with contrasting climates, elevations, and lithologies. Leaf Δ¹⁸O_enrichment and δ¹³C values ranged widely across and within populations, indicating large variability in time-integrated stomatal conductance and water-use efficiency among neighboring oaks grown under the same dry conditions. Both Δ¹⁸O_enrichment and δ¹³C exhibited negative relationships with leaf C/P and C/K ratios, revealing a trade-off between water-use efficiency and nutrient-use efficiency that was primarily driven by changes in stomatal regulation stringency depending on leaf nutrient status. Holm oaks from all populations were capable of fine-tuning their leaf gas exchange to prioritize efficient use of the most limiting resource for photosynthesis and growth (water <em>versus</em> nutrients). Phosphorus deficiency and stoichiometric N/P imbalance led to lower water-use efficiency and poorer growth. We conclude that all studied holm oak populations possess sufficient phenotypic plasticity and/or genetic diversity to withstand heat and drought stress intensification through adaptive adjustments of their physiological and nutrient traits. Nonetheless, phosphorus fertilization could greatly enhance forest restoration success amid increasing climatic aridity and human-driven N/P imbalance. These findings hold important implications for a better understanding of holm oaks persistence under rapid climate warming and aridification across the Mediterranean region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106053"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic insights into the stress signaling and drought tolerance mechanisms in sea-island cotton (Gossypium barbadense)","authors":"Tahir Mahmood ,&nbsp;Shoupu He ,&nbsp;De Zhu ,&nbsp;Hongge Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Geng ,&nbsp;Baojun Chen ,&nbsp;Xianpeng Xiong ,&nbsp;Xuai Dai ,&nbsp;Xiongfeng Ma ,&nbsp;Xiongming Du ,&nbsp;Guanjing Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought stress significantly impacts plant growth and agricultural productivity. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying drought stress response and plant tolerance is crucial for developing resilient crops. In <em>Gossypium barbadense</em> (<em>G. barbadense</em>), the specific genetic responses to drought stress remain underexplored. To provide insights into the transcriptomic dynamics and tolerance mechanisms in <em>G. barbadense</em>, we screened a diverse panel of <em>G. barbadense</em> accessions to identify drought-tolerant genotypes and investigate drought-stress responses across root and shoot tissues at two distinct time points. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis revealed diverse drought-responsive genes across tissue types and treatment time points. Functional enrichment and predictive protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses elucidated intricate patterns of drought-stress signaling pathways and transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. These upregulated DEGs were enriched in functional categories such as hormone signal transduction, phosphatidylinositol signaling system, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, and carbon metabolism pathways. The PPI network analysis underscores the activation of key signaling genes such as plant U-box E3 ubiquitin ligases (PUBs), protein phosphatase 2 C (PP2Cs), and F-Box genes, as well as transcriptional factors (CBF/NFYA) and various effector genes. These networks revealed the activation of effector genes involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (<em>Thioredoxin like 2–1, 1-Cys</em>), glutathione metabolism (<em>Thioredoxin, GPX6</em>), and carbohydrate/sugar metabolism (<em>GBSSI, AMY1.1</em>). Gene silencing experiments validated the regulatory roles predicted for PUBs and PP2Cs in stress signaling and <em>NFYA</em> transcriptional factor in modifying the plant morphology and physiology to enhance drought tolerance. This research provides critical insights into the genetic signatures of stress signaling and regulatory pathways associated with drought tolerance in <em>G. barbadense</em>. The identified candidate genes are valuable for targeted breeding efforts to enhance drought tolerance and crop yield.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106048"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) provides a carbon skeleton to promote the accumulation of sugar and unsaturated fatty acids in vegetable soybean seeds","authors":"Fengqiong Chen ,&nbsp;Yating Wang ,&nbsp;Yiyang Liu ,&nbsp;Qiusen Chen ,&nbsp;Hanlin Liu ,&nbsp;Jin Tian ,&nbsp;Mengxue Wang ,&nbsp;Chunyuan Ren ,&nbsp;Qiang Zhao ,&nbsp;Fengjun Yang ,&nbsp;Jinpeng Wei ,&nbsp;Gaobo Yu ,&nbsp;Yuxian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) influences various physiological processes in plants, particularly in carbon and nitrogen metabolism. However, the mechanism underlying carbon (sucrose and unsaturated fatty acid) metabolism in vegetable soybeans was still unknown. In this study, a foliar spray of GABA (10 mM) elevated the level of Ca²⁺ by up-regulating the expression of calmodulin (<em>GmCaM</em>), which increased glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) activity and boosted endogenous GABA content. This, in turn, enhanced the expression of coding genes of GABA transferase (<em>GmGABA-T</em>) and succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (<em>GmSSADH</em>), as well as the activity of GABA transferase (GABA-T), activated the GABA shunt to supply carbon to the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, thus improved carbon metabolism. The gene expression and activity of sucrose metabolism-related enzymes were also enhanced, leading to the increased accumulation of total soluble sugars, sucrose, glucose, etc. Additionally, exogenous GABA treatment elevated the level of unsaturated fatty acids, including omega-3 arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, etc. However, these effects were attenuated by 3-mercaplopropionic acid (3-MP), an inhibitor of GABA synthesis. In summary, exogenous GABA provides a carbon skeleton that promotes the accumulation of sugar and unsaturated fatty acids in vegetable soybean seeds. This research provides a valuable theory for further improving the yield and quality of vegetable soybeans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 106052"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RhbHLH92 positively regulates the dehydration tolerance by interacting with RhMYB123 in rose petals (Rosa hybrida)","authors":"Ping Luo ,&nbsp;Huanyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Yeni Chen ,&nbsp;Yongyi Cui ,&nbsp;Wen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought increasingly constitutes a significant constraint that detrimentally affects plant growth and the productivity of agricultural crops. The bHLHs is pivotal in enabling plants to withstand various abiotic stresses. However, the specific roles of bHLHs in stress remain limited. Here, we explore the role of <em>RhbHLH92</em> from the <em>Rosa hybrida</em> according to the previous RNA-seq data. The expression of <em>RhbHLH92</em> was enhanced under several abiotic stress conditions, especially dehydration. RhbHLH92 is located in the nucleus. Enhanced dehydration and drought tolerance were observed in tobacco and rose petals overexpressing <em>RhbHLH92.</em> These genetically modified plants maintained better water balance, showed decreased levels of reactive oxygen species, and exhibited elevated activity of antioxidant enzymes along with increased expression of drought resistance genes compared to WT. Conversely, suppression of <em>RhbHLH92</em> in rose petals using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) heightened their vulnerability to dehydration and reduced the expression of genes associated with stress tolerance. Yeast two-hybrid and BiFC confirmed that RhbHLH92 physically interacts with RhMYB123, a R2R3-type TF. <em>RhMYB123</em> overexpression in rose petals similarly boosted dehydration tolerance. RhbHLH92 and RhMYB123 could directly bind to the <em>Δ-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase</em> (<em>RhP5CS</em>) promoter, the RhbHLH92-RhMYB123 complex led to higher transcript levels of <em>RhP5CS</em>. These findings elucidate a new pathway through which <em>RhbHLH92</em> enhances drought tolerance in roses, offering potential strategies for the development of drought-resistant crop varieties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106049"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}