Environmental Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"PFOA Exposure Elicits Quantitative Lipidomic Changes in the Pancreas in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer.","authors":"Barbara A Hocevar,Lisa M Kamendulis","doi":"10.1002/tox.70109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70109","url":null,"abstract":"Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths in the US and predicted to rise to second by 2030. Several risk factors have been identified as potential contributors to pancreatic cancer development including lifestyle factors and long-term exposure to occupational and environmental carcinogens. In mice, exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) leads to diabetic outcomes and pancreatic cancer, while epidemiologic studies have linked PFOA exposure to type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes, obesity, and pancreatic cancer. While multiple studies have evaluated changes in serum lipid levels in association with PFOA exposure, none to date have evaluated PFOA-associated lipid alterations in the pancreas. Using the LSL-KRasG12D; Pdx-1-Cre (KC) mouse model of pancreatic cancer, we report upregulation of lipid species within the acylcarnitine (CAR) and ceramide (Cer) lipid groups and downregulation of lipids in the phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphatidylserine groups following exposure to 1 and 5 ppm PFOA for 6 months. The most upregulated lipids following PFOA exposure included individual Cer and CAR species while PE species comprised the top group of downregulated lipids. Thromboxane B2 (TXB2), a proinflammatory eicosanoid, was the most upregulated lipid in the 1 and 5 ppm KC treatment groups with a fold-change of ~12-fold and ~31-fold in the 1 and 5 ppm KC treatment groups, respectively. As these lipid alterations have been linked to mitochondrial dysfunction, obesity, and inflammation, our results suggest that PFOA-induced lipid alterations may be involved in adverse health outcomes including diabetes and pancreatic cancer.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147739006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effects of Ephedra pachyclada Boiss. Extract Against Pyriproxyfen-Induced Male Reproductive Toxicity: Modulation of Oxidative and Inflammatory Pathways.","authors":"Mohamed Seif,Bin Wei,Hong Wang,Abdel-Nasser A Madboli,Diaa A Marrez,Mahmoud Emam","doi":"10.1002/tox.70107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70107","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive pesticide exposure is increasingly associated with oxidative stress mediated reproductive toxicity. Pyriproxyfen (PPF), a widely used juvenile hormone analog insecticide, has been implicated in oxidative stress mediated reproductive toxicity. This study investigated the mechanisms underlying PPF-induced testicular damage and evaluated the protective potential of Ephedra pachyclada extract (EPE), focusing on modulation of the Nrf2/ARE and NF-κB pathways. Adult male rats were exposed to PPF (20 mg/kg body weight) with or without EPE administration (140 mg/kg body weight). Oxidative stress biomarkers, inflammatory mediators, steroidogenic gene expression, serum testosterone, sperm parameters, and histopathological alterations were assessed. LC-MS analysis characterized the phytochemical composition of EPE. PPF exposure significantly increased lipid peroxidation and reduced antioxidant enzyme activities, accompanied by downregulation of Nrf2 and its downstream targets. In parallel, NF-κB expression and pro-inflammatory cytokines were elevated. These molecular disturbances were associated with suppression of StAR, SR-B1, CYP11A1, 3b-HSD, and 17b-HSD expression, decreased testosterone levels, reduced sperm count and motility, increased sperm abnormalities, and structural degeneration of seminiferous tubules. EPE administration markedly attenuated oxidative stress, restored Nrf2 signaling, suppressed inflammatory responses, normalized steroidogenic gene expression and testosterone levels, and improved sperm quality and testicular histology. LC-MS profiling revealed a predominance of flavonol glycosides, flavone C-glycosides, flavan-3-ols, and biflavonoids. These findings suggest that EPE mitigates PPF-induced reproductive toxicity through restoration of redox and inflammatory homeostasis.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147726323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Thiram-Induced Embryotoxicity Using Integrated In Silico, In Vitro, and Transcriptomic Approaches.","authors":"Chia-Chi Ho,Chun-Wei Tung,B Linju Yen,Chen-Yi Weng,Ju-Hsin Hsu,Ming-Hsien Tsai,Salim Arrokhman,Pinpin Lin","doi":"10.1002/tox.70103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70103","url":null,"abstract":"Long-term exposure to low-dose food contact materials (FCMs) has raised concerns regarding developmental toxicity. In the present study, we prioritized FCMs with potential developmental toxicity using a weight-of-evidence computational model, which predicted 127 chemicals to be of high concern. From these, we selected 7 chemicals-representing both high and low concern categories-and evaluated their potential embryotoxicity using the mouse embryonic stem cell test (mEST). Among the selected chemicals, thiram most strongly inhibited cardiac differentiation in mEST. We further examined the effects of thiram on morphology and expression of differentiation-related genes in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Treatment with thiram inhibited 50% early differentiation in mESCs, suppressed the expression of markers associated with the three-germ layers, but increased the expression of neurectoderm markers during early embryogenesis. Additionally, treatment with 20 ng/mL thiram, which was the lowest-observed-effect concentration of cytotoxicity, disrupted neuronal differentiation in both mESCs and human pluripotent embryonal carcinoma NT2 cells. Finally, based on transcriptome analysis, 20 and 30 ng/mL thiram disrupted the neural crest differentiation pathway, altering the expression of genes including homeobox A1 (HOXA1), homeobox B1 (HOXB1), Heart And Neural Crest Derivatives Expressed 1 (HAND1), Distal-Less Homeobox 5 (DLX5), and transcription factor AP-2 alpha (TFAP2A) in NT2 cells. Therefore, disruption of neural crest differentiation is one of the potential mechanisms underlying thiram-induced embryotoxicity. The integrated alternative approach adopted in the present study to identify mechanism-based biomarkers for thiram-induced embryotoxicity in a human-relevant model could facilitate safety assessment for data-poor chemicals in future.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147731498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmentally Realistic Metal Mixture Concentration Impacts Early Development in Zebrafish Larvae.","authors":"Anderson K S Macêdo,Willian A Thompson,Hélio B Santos,Ralph G Thomé,Mathilakath M Vijayan","doi":"10.1002/tox.70102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70102","url":null,"abstract":"The dispersion of metals in the environment leads to the presence of metal mixtures in impacted ecosystems, but few studies have addressed their impact on early developmental processes in fish. Here, we investigated the effect of metal mixtures reported in the Doce River basin in Brazil, including Fe, Mn, and Cd, either singly or as a mixture on the early developmental responses, including developmental rate, heart rate, and behavioral and stress response in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Exposure to individual metals led to disruptions in the early development and behavioral markers in zebrafish larvae, with the order of toxicity being Cd > Mn > Fe. Reduced somite counts, slower heart rate and locomotor activity, and alteration in thigmotaxis were observed, especially in fish exposed to Cd and Mn. Exposure to a mixture of these metals at environmentally realistic concentrations impacted early developmental markers, including somitogenesis, hatching, and heart rate, but did not affect the behavioral responses of zebrafish larvae. Also, exposure to metals either singly or as a mixture for 6 days did not affect the whole-body cortisol, glucose, and protein levels. Some of the metal-specific effects on early development, including behavioral responses, were not seen with the mixture, suggesting that individual metal toxicity may not be a reliable predictor of the mixture toxicity for risk assessments. Overall, metal mixtures in the aquatic environment, such as the Doce River basin in Brazil, may impact the early developmental trajectory of native fish species, including compromising their stress coping behaviors.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147726256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxic Effects of Co-Exposure of Dibutyl Phthalate and Cadmium Chloride on the Ovary of Adult Zebrafish: Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Parameters and Histopathology.","authors":"Mohamadmusaraf I Badi,Bhavesh J Trangadia,Ravina C Dhameliya,Urvesh D Patel,Vinay A Kalaria","doi":"10.1002/tox.70104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70104","url":null,"abstract":"Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and cadmium chloride (CdCl2) are environmental contaminants with endocrine-disrupting properties that adversely affect reproductive and neurological functions in aquatic organisms. This study investigated the toxicological effects of DBP and CdCl2 co-exposure on adult female zebrafish (Danio rerio) ovary for 28 days. Zebrafish were divided into five groups: control, vehicle control, DBP (1 mg/L), CdCl2 (1 mg/L), and a combined DBP + CdCl2 group (each at 1 mg/L). Biochemical analysis revealed significant reductions in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) across all treatment groups, with catalase (CAT) activity decreasing in the DBP and combined exposure groups. Conversely, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly elevated in the combined exposure group, indicating enhanced oxidative stress. Gene expression analysis showed down-regulation of sod in the DBP and combined groups, cat in the combined group, and nrf2 across all treatments reflecting compromised antioxidant defense pathways. Histopathological analysis revealed higher number of peri-nuclear oocytes (PO), degenerated mature oocytes (DMO), and yolk granule depletion (DYG) in DBP-exposed group. While, CdCl2-exposed group showed degenerated cortical alveolar oocytes (DCO), DMO, and DYG. However, the combined exposure group exhibited more pronounced damage, including a higher number of atretic peri-nuclear oocytes (APO) and more pronounced DMO and DYG, indicating severe ovarian dysfunction. DBP exposure led to a significant increase in pre-vitellogenic oocytes and a significant reduction in mature oocyte diameter. Overall, these findings demonstrate that DBP and CdCl2 exposure induce oxidative stress, impair antioxidant gene expression, and cause significant histomorphological alterations in the zebrafish ovary, highlighting their potential to disrupt reproductive health in aquatic species.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"7 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147719429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Removal Efficiency: Environmental Risk Assessment of Tartrazine Degradation via ZnO and TiO2 Nanoparticles in Mussels.","authors":"İrem Can,Ezgi Can Güzel,Volkan Saritunç,Selin Ertürk Gürkan","doi":"10.1002/tox.70106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70106","url":null,"abstract":"Tartrazine (TZ) is a widely used synthetic azo dye with high aqueous stability, resulting in persistence in wastewater. Photoreactive nanomaterials, principally zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs), are frequently employed for dye removal under light-exposed conditions; nevertheless, their ecotoxicological consequences are frequently overlooked. The present study evaluates the environmental implications of TZ exposure in a biologically relevant context, establishing a correlation between dye removal practices and oxidative stress in aquatic organisms. Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were subjected to acute 96-h in vivo exposures, including TZ alone (0.2, 2, and 20 mg/L) and in combination with ZnO-NPs (0.02, 0.2, and 2 mg/L) or TiO2-NPs (0.2, 2, and 20 mg/L), across three independent experimental sets. Biomarkers of oxidative stress, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), were measured in gill and digestive gland tissues. The results of the study demonstrated that the levels of enzyme activity exhibited significant variation depending on the type and concentration of the exposure (p < 0.05), with the most pronounced oxidative stress responses observed under high-dose TZ-TiO2-NPs co-exposure, corresponding to the strongest separation along the primary PCA axis. TiO2-NPs co-exposure elicited the most significant oxidative responses, particularly at elevated concentrations, while ZnO co-exposure generated tissue-specific biochemical profiles with distinctive patterns at high doses. Principal component analysis (PCA) was utilized to validate these patterns, with PC1 accounting for 59.5%-75.5% of the total variance. These findings underscore the necessity of acknowledging potential ecological impacts on nontarget aquatic organisms, despite the apparent reduction of TZ through NP-dye interactions under light exposure. The study emphasizes the necessity to integrate dye degradation efficiency with ecotoxicological assessment, thus providing a framework for more environmentally responsible NP-assisted wastewater treatment strategies.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147719437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Potential of Microorganisms in Remediating Chlorpyrifos-Contaminated Soil and Investigating the Molecular Effects of Their Residues in Mammals.","authors":"Sarah Aggag,Ramy Shoman,Mounir Moussa,Mohamed Yacout","doi":"10.1002/tox.70105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70105","url":null,"abstract":"Biodegradation is a natural process that continuously recycles components into eco-friendly compounds. Despite the toxicity, pesticides such as chlorpyrifos (CPF) are still approved for agricultural uses. Microbial breakdown of the chlorpyrifos component results in 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) and chlorpyrifos oxon, which exert a negligible toxic effect on the ecosystem. This research aims to evaluate the ability of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Rhizobium leguminosarum to chlorpyrifos-degrade and measure CPF residues in male rats fed with treated beans and cultured with bacterial strains. Results of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis conducted for bean plants and soil to estimate the pesticide residues showed the ability of bacteria to degrade CPF. Pseudomonas bacteria exhibited a superior capacity to degrade chlorpyrifos, with a degradation rate of 97.80%, while Rhizobium bacteria achieved an 81.39% degradation rate. The regulation of cytokines in blood samples collected from rats exposed to pesticide stress demonstrated that the addition of Ps and Rh bacteria resulted in upregulation of Interleukin-2 and IL-4 gene expression. Conversely, downregulation of LIF and IL-6 expressions was observed. The expression of neurodegenerative markers (SEPT5, SV2B, AXTN2, and PARK2) was downregulated in brain tissue samples treated with CPF. The combination of Ps and Rh bacteria showed a decrease in TARC levels compared to the CPF-treated group. The study demonstrated that the application of these strains in soil, in conjunction with plant cultivation, can reduce pesticide residues. Consequently, they could be used on a large scale, as they proved to be environmentally safe and effective in the biodegradation of pesticides.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147708555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Oxidative Stress, Vitellogenin, and Human Health Risks Derived From Nile Tilapia Exposed to Metals and Metalloids in Southeastern Brazil.","authors":"Julia Araújo Alves,Priscila M O Muniz Cunha,Shênia Patrícia Corrêa Novo,Lorena Oliveira Souza Soares,Tatiana Dillenburg Saint-Pierre,Fábio Veríssimo Correia,André Luís de Sá Salomão,Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis,Enrico Mendes Saggioro","doi":"10.1002/tox.70094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70094","url":null,"abstract":"Urban coastal lagoons are highly vulnerable ecosystems increasingly affected by metal contamination, as well as multiple anthropogenic stressors. This study evaluated ecotoxicological and human health risks associated with chronic metal exposure in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from an anthropogenically impacted lagoon in southeastern Brazil. Monitoring was conducted over one year (2022-2023) across four seasonal campaigns. Fifty-seven tilapia specimens were collected during dry and rainy seasons, and liver and muscle tissue were analyzed for antioxidant biomarkers (superoxide dismutase-SOD, glutathione S-transferase-GST, reduced glutathione-GSH, total antioxidant capacity-TAC), oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation-LPO, protein carbonyl-PTC), and metal detoxification (metallothionein-MT). Endocrine disruption was assessed via plasma vitellogenin (VTG), and human health risks were estimated. Metal and metalloid diversity was higher in the dry season (12 vs. 7 elements), with some sites (P1-P3) presenting critical levels. Metals and metalloids in MT-enriched subcellular tissue fractions revealed seasonal shifts in As, Co, Rb, and Se, with Cd, Hg, and Pb detected only in liver during the dry period. Sex differences observed regarding GSI (females > males; p ≤ 0.05) aligned with higher male VTG levels. Antioxidant responses were higher in the dry season (hepatic SOD +81.9%), while oxidative damage increased substantially in both tissues (muscle +75.7%, liver +79.6%). The applied integrated biomarker-metal approach revealed a clear dry-season intensification of metal and metalloid exposure and biological responses, emphasizing endocrine and oxidative alterations and highlighting the need for seasonal biomonitoring efforts.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147684897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytogenotoxic Effects of Fluopyram in Allium cepa Root Cells Involving Microtubule Disruption.","authors":"Carlos Filipe Camilo-Cotrim,Natanael Alves da Silva,Gabriela Gomes Lima,Igor Rodrigues Vasconcelos,Luciana Souza Ondei,Elisa Flávia Luiz Cardoso Bailão,Antônio Sérgio Nakao de Aguiar,Marcelino Benvindo-Souza,Leonardo Luiz Borges,Virgínia Damin,Luciane Madureira Almeida","doi":"10.1002/tox.70096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70096","url":null,"abstract":"Fluopyram is a next-generation fungicide widely used in agriculture; however, its persistence in soils and mobility toward aquatic systems have raised concerns regarding potential ecotoxicological risks. This study evaluated the cytogenotoxic effects of a commercial fluopyram-based pesticide formulation on Allium cepa root meristem cells. Bulbs were exposed to four concentrations based on agricultural application rates: three times the recommended field dose (3 × FD; 5.00 mg mL-1), the field dose (FD; 1.67 mg mL-1), half the field dose (0.5 × FD; 0.835 mg mL-1), and one-tenth the field dose (0.1 × FD; 0.17 mg mL-1). Endpoints assessed included lipid peroxidation, cell viability, cytogenetic alterations, and DNA damage. No evidence of oxidative stress was detected. Nevertheless, the fluopyram-based formulation induced significant chromosomal aberrations and nuclear abnormalities at all tested concentrations, indicating pronounced genotoxic potential. The comet assay revealed a low frequency of DNA strand breaks, suggesting an aneugenic mode of action likely associated with mitotic spindle disruption rather than clastogenic damage. Mitotic analysis showed an accumulation of cells in prophase, reinforcing the interpretation of chromosome missegregation. In silico docking analyses further demonstrated strong interactions between fluopyram ions and tubulin, providing mechanistic support for spindle-associated aneugenicity. Overall, these findings highlight the cytogenotoxic risks associated with fluopyram-based pesticides and reinforce the importance of environmental monitoring to protect nontarget organisms.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147663877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyanogenic Compounds, Physicochemical Parameters and Metals in Water From Cassava Processing Areas: A Study in the Brazilian Amazon, Using Multivariate Analysis.","authors":"Alana Coêlho Maciel,Mariane Gama Nabiça,Luciana Pinheiro Santos,Thiago de Melo E Silva,Elivaldo Nunes Modesto Junior,Heronides Adonias Dantas Filho,Charles Miller de Souza Borges,Kelly das Graças Fernandes Dantas,Simone de Fátima Pinheiro Pereira,Ivan Carlos da Costa Barbosa,Beni Jequicene Mussengue Chaúque,Rosinelson da Silva Pena,Nayara Macêdo Peixoto Araújo,Alessandra Santos Lopes","doi":"10.1002/tox.70067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70067","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the water quality of artesian wells and effluents generated in cassava processing in a rural area of Bragança, Pará, with emphasis on physicochemical parameters, multielement composition, and cyanogenic compounds. The well water presented specific nonconformities, highlighting pH values below the recommended level and high concentrations of residual chlorine. Although cyanide was not detected in the groundwater, the effluents presented concentrations of total and free cyanide above legal limits, mainly in the pressing water and in the washing and fermentation tanks, indicating an environmental risk associated with the inadequate disposal of these residues. Regarding the multielement analysis, boron and copper enrichment was observed in the well water, and high concentrations of manganese and nickel were found in the effluents, exceeding the limits established by Brazilian environmental legislation. The multivariate analysis revealed distinct physicochemical profiles between the well water and the effluents, with temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH being the main factors responsible for the differentiation between the matrices. The results indicate the need for improvements in the management and treatment systems of cassava processing effluents, aiming at protecting water resources and reducing potential environmental and human health risks.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147649015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}