Environmental Entomology最新文献

{"title":"Host range evaluation of Ovavesicula popilliae (Microsporidia), a pathogen of Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), by qPCR diagnosis of 18 species of Coleoptera.","authors":"Erica Hotchkiss, David Smitley, Yoshiko Nomura, Phil Lewis","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvag024","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ee/nvag024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the last 9 yr USDA-approved introductions of the pathogen Ovavesicula popilliae (Microsporidia: Ovavesiculidae) were made in 8 US states for long-term biological control of Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica (Newman) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). At least two additional states are redistributing pathogen-infected beetles to new sites within their state. As this effort continues, it is important to confirm the results of the original host-specificity research and to broaden the search for host species. In 2021 and 2022, we collected beetles at 7 sites in Michigan where Japanese beetles were heavily infected by O. popilliae. A total of 18 species of Coleoptera, including the Japanese beetle, were collected. DNA was extracted and analyzed individually for each of 10,977 beetles. Based on the observed incidence of infection, none of the 18 species of Coleoptera, other than the Japanese beetle, are likely to be adversely impacted due to the presence of O. popilliae. A few individuals of 3 of 18 species, all scarabs, became infected by O. popilliae (Ct value < 32.06): oriental beetle (Anomala orientalis [Waterhouse]), northern masked chafer (Cyclocephala borealis Arrow), and Asiatic garden beetle (Maladera formosae [Brenske]). These three species together had a combined mean infection rate of 0.7% ± 0.2% in 2021 and 5.1% ± 1.7% in 2022, compared with 43.1% ± 8.6% and 55.0% ± 8.9%, respectively, for Japanese beetle in 2021 and 2022. Disease development in these three species was poor, with the mean quantity of O. popilliae DNA detected per infected beetle being < 2.0 % the amount found in infected Japanese beetles at the same sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13049590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147618548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formica aerata (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in California vineyards-the biological framework for a hydrogel-based baiting strategy.","authors":"David R Haviland, Chelsea A Gordon, Stephanie M Rill, Kent M Daane","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvag032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvag032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Formica aerata is a common ant found in grape vineyards in California's Central Valley and is widely recognized for disrupting the biological control of mealybugs in exchange for honeydew they produce. Research has shown that sugar-feeding ant species can be managed using liquid baits containing low concentrations of a toxicant that is delivered through bait stations or hydrogels. However, the design and effectiveness of baiting strategies depends on a knowledge of ant biology, which for F. aerata had not been determined. We identified cotton balls saturated with 25% sucrose solution to be an effective monitoring tool for F. aerata and determined that foragers are active year-round when ambient temperatures exceed 9 °C. Ant mounds are located close to the bases of vines, and ant foragers on the ground are most commonly found on the berm and near the trunk. Seasonally, peak foraging activity at sucrose-based baits occurred in March and April once ambient temperatures were adequate for foraging during the day and night, but prior to May when foragers bypassed baits to preferentially feed on insect honeydew in the vine canopy. The implications of this research on the development of an effective hydrogel-based baiting strategy for F. aerata in California vineyards are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147590868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing morphological, developmental, and genetic responses of Hydropsychid caddisflies to Cry1Ab exposure.","authors":"Ethan P Bull, Scott P Egan, Jennifer L Tank, Elise D Snyder, Yufei Qi, Amanda Potts, Maryam Rajabi Faghihi, Pedro F P Brandão-Dias","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvag025","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ee/nvag025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transgenic crops expressing Cry proteins are widely cultivated to reduce crop damage from insect pests. However, Cry proteins can leach from transgenic crop detritus into nearby aquatic ecosystems, potentially affecting nontarget organisms. Here, we assess the impacts of exposure to a commonly used Cry protein, Cry1Ab, on net-spinning caddisflies (Hydropsychidae), a common and ecologically important group of stream insects. We collected and genetically barcoded 1,862 larval caddisflies from 25 streams across the Midwestern United States, comparing populations from Cry1Ab-positive and Cry1Ab-negative streams. We evaluated potential impacts associated with body size, developmental stage, species assemblages, and mitochondrial haplotype diversity. Overall, we observed limited effects of Cry1Ab exposure, including most comparisons showing no difference between Cry1Ab-positive and Cry1Ab-negative streams with the exception of second instar Hydropsyche betteni, which showed significantly reduced body size at Cry1Ab-positive sites. Mean developmental stage within species and species assemblages showed no consistent association with Cry1Ab. In contrast, environmental variables such as water temperature, stream width, and watershed land use were stronger predictors of body size, instar progression, and species assemblages. Haplotype networks revealed strong geographic structure but no genetic patterns related to Cry1Ab exposure. These results indicate that Cry1Ab exposure is not a major driver of morphological, developmental, or genetic variation in Hydropsychid caddisflies under natural field conditions. Environmental gradients remain the dominant structuring force, although further work is needed to assess potential context-dependent or cumulative effects of transgenic crop byproducts in aquatic ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13064931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147638279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Assessing landfill wastes as a sustainable feeding substrate for black soldier fly larvae.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvaf136","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ee/nvaf136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145793464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of physiological state and prior experience on host selection of pea leaf weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).","authors":"Asha Wijerathna, Héctor Cárcamo, Yohana Dayan, Mary M Cruz, Maya Evenden","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvag022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvag022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herbivores use plant cues to locate food or habitat, with responses to host plants shifting with physiological state to optimize resource use. Prior host experience reduces risk associated with host selection, which is crucial for herbivores with a specialized diet that require specific host plants at certain phenological stages. The pea leaf weevil, Sitona lineatus, is an oligophagous insect herbivore that feeds on leguminous plants. Adults in different physiological states feed on legumes at various times throughout their one-year life cycle. In this study, we investigate how pea leaf weevil physiological state and prior-host experience modulates host finding behavior. We show that pea leaf weevil host preference is state-dependent, with pre-reproductive adults preferring faba bean, the host that maximizes larval survival. Prior feeding experience did not alter host preference in any physiological state. This study suggests that pea leaf weevils show phenotypic plasticity in host preference to maximize fitness benefits, consistent with preference-performance hypothesis. In contrast, non-reproductive weevils prioritize feeding to support overwintering preparation rather than optimizing foraging efficiency, highlighting a state-dependent host choice independent of prior host experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147498019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trioza species (Hemiptera, Triozidae) associated with citrus environments in southern Africa: linking morphology, genetic phylogeny, and \"Candidatus Liberibacter africanus\" detection.","authors":"Evans Mauda, Rochelle de Bruyn, Muriel Rikhotso, Aruna Manrakhan, Glynnis Cook","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvag019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvag019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The African citrus triozid (ACT), Trioza erytreae (Del Guercio, 1918) (Hemiptera: Triozidae), is a significant pest of citrus in southern Africa serving as a vector of African citrus greening disease associated with the phloem-limited gram-negative bacterium \"Candidatus Liberibacter africanus\" (CLaf). ACT can also vector another Liberibacter species, \"Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus\" (CLas) associated with Asian citrus greening. Given the confirmed presence of CLas on the African continent, efforts to monitor populations of ACT as well as associated liberibacters in citrus environments have been enhanced since 2021. Trapping and active collections in citrus surroundings indicated the presence of two triozid species with similar morphology to ACT and five other triozids which were morphologically distinct. This study aimed to characterise the diversity of triozid species around citrus and determine their association with liberibacter. Morphological characters and nucleotide sequence phylogeny of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene region supported the distinction of seven triozid species including ACT. CLaf was only detected in ACT. None of the other triozid species had any liberibacter species associated with them. Our results suggest the presence of other triozid species in other African countries, which probably were misidentified as ACT. Our findings highlight the need for a comprehensive taxonomic revision of triozids associated with citrus. Integrating morphological and molecular characters in a revised classification will be essential for accurate identification of ACT. Molecular confirmation is needed for confidence in distinguishing ACT from closely related non-pest species.</p>","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147456499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Xylosandrus germanus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) peak flight activity driven by temperature and time of day.","authors":"Sandra Lizarraga, Victor Alves, Krzysztof Szejbak, Kelsey N Tobin, Neil McRoberts, Monique J Rivera","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvag030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvag030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Temperature is an important driver of insect growth and development and is widely utilized to predict insect pest activity in agricultural systems. For ambrosia beetle pests, accurately forecasting mass attacks could improve management by targeting the most damaging flight period. Xylosandrus germanus Blandford (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is an invasive ambrosia beetle with a broad host range, including fruit trees. In New York apple orchards, X. germanus exhibits 2 dispersal flights each year, with the most pronounced occurring in spring. During the spring flight, females often engage in synchronized mass attacks, which lead to tree dieback and economic losses in apple production. However, predicting flight activity has been challenging because it is influenced by environmental cues such as temperature, relative humidity (RH), and time of day. To address these gaps, we integrated field and laboratory approaches. First, a bi-hourly trapping experiment was conducted during the spring peak flight to capture circadian flight patterns while recording temperature and RH. Second, a temperature-controlled flight mill study quantified flight distance and speed, to identify the optimal thermal range for flight. We found X. germanus flight to be most frequent at approximately 24.2 °C and 70.45% RH, with a pronounced temporal peak at 7 PM. Findings establish a predictive framework describing X. germanus flight suitability across temperature ranges and time of day, enabling more targeted monitoring for improved timing of control strategies. Ultimately, our research advances precision pest management and supports more sustainable orchard production.</p>","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147671543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal dynamics and environmental drivers of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in urban Punjab, Pakistan: evidence from larval surveillance.","authors":"Shahbaz Hussain, Aleena Alam, Misbah Ashraf, Khalid Ali Khan, Hamed A Ghramh, Muneer Abbas, Sohail Abbas, Ri-Zhao Chen","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvag010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvag010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) are the primary vectors of dengue, and understanding their abundance, breeding habitat preferences, and environmental drivers is critical for effective surveillance in endemic regions of Pakistan. A larval surveillance study was conducted across 4 major cities in Punjab, Pakistan (Faisalabad, Lahore, Rawalpindi, and Multan) from 2023 to 2024, focusing on immature stages sampled from various indoor and outdoor containers. Indoor habitats accounted for 53.7% of positive sites, with bath tanks, evaporative coolers, water storage, and discarded tires being the most productive. Outdoor habitats, particularly tube wells and construction sites, accounted for a higher proportion of positive sites in Multan than in the other cities. A. aegypti was the dominant species in all 4 cities; however, the relative contribution of A. albopictus was higher in Rawalpindi and Multan than in Lahore and Faisalabad. The House Index (HI), Container Index, and Breteau Index (BI) exceeded World Health Organization transmission thresholds in Lahore and Faisalabad, with HI and BI being the most significant indicators of infestation, while Rawalpindi and Multan showed lower infestation levels. Seasonal effects were strong, with peak abundance during the monsoon (June to September) and post-monsoon (October to November) periods, coinciding with increased rainfall and humidity. Both species showed significant positive associations with rainfall and relative humidity; however, A. aegypti abundance was more strongly influenced by temperature, whereas A. albopictus was more strongly associated with rainfall and humidity. Community ordination revealed minimal differentiation between cities but significant seasonal shifts in composition. These findings indicate that monsoon-driven climatic conditions are key drivers of Aedes population dynamics in Punjab and highlight the need for intensified, seasonally targeted vector control. Control efforts should prioritize source reduction in highly productive domestic containers and locally important outdoor habitats, particularly before and during the monsoon and extending into the post-monsoon period to reduce dengue transmission risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147431662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of brown marmorated stink bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) to hazelnut plant volatiles.","authors":"Edwin T Harris, Serhan Mermer, Enrico Mirandola, Michael Qian, Vaughn Walton","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvaf133","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ee/nvaf133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant-produced volatiles have been explored as tools for monitoring and managing Halyomorpha halys (Stål), a highly polyphagous pest of orchard and field crops, with hosts such as apple and peach considered as sources of attractants and nonhost essential oils tested as repellents. To identify olfactory stimuli with behavioral relevance to H. halys, volatile organic compounds were collected from hazelnut (Corylus avellana (L.)) trees, a preferred H. halys host, via stir bar sorptive extraction. Extracts were identified by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. The physiological effects of 15 host plant volatiles (HPVs) were measured on antennae of H. halys using electroantennographic detection. Halyomorpha halys behavioral responses to the HPVs that elicited consistent antennal responses were assessed In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, formic acid repelled adult males in a concentration-dependent manner, while trans-2-heptenal produced no clear behavioral effect. Formic acid and trans-2-heptenal both reduced H. halys attraction to hazelnut samples in subsequent single- and dual-choice arena bioassays, with the greatest and longest lasting repellence caused by the highest tested concentration of formic acid. Field experiments indicated no effect of experimental lures containing hazelnut volatiles on H. halys trap captures. The implications of these results for the development of HPV-based strategies for managing H. halys are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145818791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing trap design, lure, and color for monitoring Chrysobothris mali (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in California walnut orchards.","authors":"Jhalendra Rijal, Samaneh Sakaki, Sudan Gyawaly, Karla Addesso","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvag033","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ee/nvag033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pacific flatheaded borer, Chrysobothris mali (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is a reemerging pest of walnuts in California. With the expansion of walnut production acres and increased incidences of severe droughts that stress orchards, C. mali has gained economically important pest status in recent years. In this article, we explored different trap designs, colors, and lures for early detection and monitoring of C. mali in commercial walnut orchards in California. In multi-year studies, ground-installed 4-foot-tall purple triangular traps with adhesives on the outer surface were more attractive than the purple panel sticky traps with or without volatile lures. Furthermore, among multiple colors of triangular traps, yellow and red traps captured more C. mali adults compared to other colors, including purple, in replicated trials conducted in 2 walnut orchards. The yellow triangular trap captured adults in these walnut orchards most consistently and earlier in the season. The utility of these traps in monitoring C. mali in walnut orchards and future directions of monitoring research are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13107124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}