Environmental Research Letters最新文献_第9页

Operational differences lead to longer lifetimes of satellite detectable contrails from more fuel efficient aircraft 操作差异导致更省油的飞机产生的卫星可探测到的烟雾寿命更长

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ad5b78

Edward Gryspeerdt, Marc E J Stettler, Roger Teoh, Ulrike Burkhardt, Toni Delovski, Oliver G A Driver and David Painemal

{"title":"Operational differences lead to longer lifetimes of satellite detectable contrails from more fuel efficient aircraft","authors":"Edward Gryspeerdt, Marc E J Stettler, Roger Teoh, Ulrike Burkhardt, Toni Delovski, Oliver G A Driver and David Painemal","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ad5b78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad5b78","url":null,"abstract":"Clouds produced by aircraft (known as contrails) contribute over half of the positive radiative forcing from aviation, but the size of this warming effect is highly uncertain. Their radiative effect is highly dependent on the microphysical properties and meteorological background state, varying strongly over the contrail lifecycle. In-situ observations have demonstrated an impact of aircraft and fuel type on contrail properties close to the aircraft, but there are few observational constraints at these longer timescales, despite these having a strong impact in high-resolution and global models. This work provides an observational quantification of these contrail controlling factors, matching air traffic data to satellite observations of contrails to isolate the role of the aircraft type in contrail properties and evolution. Investigating over 64 000 cases, a relationship between aircraft type and contrail formation is observed, with more efficient aircraft forming longer-lived satellite-detectable contrails more frequently, which could lead to a larger climate impact. This increase in contrail formation and lifetime is primarily driven by an increase in flight altitude. Business jets are also found to produce longer-lived satellite-detectable contrails despite their lower fuel flow, as they fly at higher altitudes. The increase in satellite-detected contrails behind more efficient aircraft suggests a trade-off between aircraft greenhouse gas emissions and the aviation climate impact through contrail production, due to differences in aircraft operation.","PeriodicalId":11747,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Letters","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141937069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Power & protein—closing the ‘justice gap’ for food system transformation 权力与蛋白质--缩小 "正义差距"，促进粮食系统转型

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ad3d6f

Isabel Baudish, Kajsa Resare Sahlin, Christophe Béné, Peter Oosterveer, Heleen Prins and Laura Pereira

{"title":"Power & protein—closing the ‘justice gap’ for food system transformation","authors":"Isabel Baudish, Kajsa Resare Sahlin, Christophe Béné, Peter Oosterveer, Heleen Prins and Laura Pereira","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ad3d6f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad3d6f","url":null,"abstract":"The protein shift, or transition, entails a reduction in the production and consumption of animal-source foods, and an increase in plant-based foods and alternative proteins, at a global level. The shift is primarily motivated by the need to minimise the impact of the food system on social-ecological systems. We argue that rather than focusing singularly on transitioning a ‘protein gap’ in diets, redressing the ‘justice gap’ is a prerequisite for transformative change in food systems. In this context the justice gap is understood as the gap delineating those who have access to just food systems and those who do not. To substantiate our argument a justice lens is used to analyse the political–economic dimensions of such a transformation and to propose that the future of protein must engage with three core elements to be transformative—disruption, innovation and redistribution. Disruption entails challenging both the food trends that encourage the ‘meatification’ of diets, and the influence of ‘Big Meat’ in perpetuating these trends. Innovation emphasises that true novelty is found by designing justice into practices and processes, rather than by firing alternative protein silver bullets within existing food system paradigms. Redistribution stresses that food system redesign is predicated upon establishing fair shares for remaining protein budgets, using approaches anchored in contextual specificity and positionality. Through the application of a justice framework, we expose existing food system injustices related to production and consumption of protein, invite discussion on how such injustices can be addressed and reflect on implications for food system transformations. By reshaping the crux of the protein debate around the more salient concern of the justice gap, food system transformation can take shape.","PeriodicalId":11747,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Letters","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141937073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detailed height mapping of trees and buildings (HiTAB) in Chicago and its implications to urban climate studies 芝加哥树木和建筑物高度详图（HiTAB）及其对城市气候研究的影响

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ad661a

Peiyuan Li and Ashish Sharma

{"title":"Detailed height mapping of trees and buildings (HiTAB) in Chicago and its implications to urban climate studies","authors":"Peiyuan Li and Ashish Sharma","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ad661a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad661a","url":null,"abstract":"The vertical dimensions of urban morphology, specifically the heights of trees and buildings, exert significant influence on wind flow fields in urban street canyons and the thermal environment of the urban fabric, subsequently affecting the microclimate, noise levels, and air quality. Despite their importance, these critical attributes are less commonly available and rarely utilized in urban climate models compared to planar land use and land cover data. In this study, we explicitly mapped the height of trees and buildings (HiTAB) across the city of Chicago at 1 m spatial resolution using a data fusion approach. This approach integrates high-precision light detection and ranging (LiDAR) cloud point data, building footprint inventory, and multi-band satellite images. Specifically, the digital terrain and surface models were first created from the LiDAR dataset to calculate the height of surface objects, while the rest of the datasets were used to delineate trees and buildings. We validated the derived height information against the existing building database in downtown Chicago and the Meter-scale Urban Land Cover map from the Environmental Protection Agency, respectively. The co-investigation on trees and building heights offers a valuable initiative in the effort to inform urban land surface parameterizations using real-world data. Given their high spatial resolution, the height maps can be adopted in physical-based and data-driven urban models to achieve higher resolution and accuracy while lowering uncertainties. Moreover, our method can be extended to other urban regions, benefiting from the growing availability of high-resolution urban informatics globally. Collectively, these datasets can substantially contribute to future studies on hyper-local weather dynamics, urban heterogeneity, morphology, and planning, providing a more comprehensive understanding of urban environments.","PeriodicalId":11747,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Letters","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141937074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Concurrent extremes in mid-latitude Asia triggered by resonance of multi-scale zonal wind 多尺度带状风共振引发的亚洲中纬度地区并发极端事件

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ad6918

Yingxiao Sun, Qianrong Ma, Taichen Feng, Zhonghua Qian, Zhiwei Zhu, Chao Li and Guolin Feng

{"title":"Concurrent extremes in mid-latitude Asia triggered by resonance of multi-scale zonal wind","authors":"Yingxiao Sun, Qianrong Ma, Taichen Feng, Zhonghua Qian, Zhiwei Zhu, Chao Li and Guolin Feng","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ad6918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad6918","url":null,"abstract":"Climatic changes worsen concurrent extreme climate events. In July and August of 2022 and 2020, respectively, unexpected concurrent extreme events occurred in mid-latitude Asia. The sudden and severe consequences highlight the importance of a thorough understanding of the drivers of such extreme events, which is crucial for improving predictions and implementing preventive measures to mitigate future risks. By applying multi-scale window transform methodology, a unique mechanism of multi-scale zonal wind resonance is identified, which manifests as a quasi-stationary co-coupling with low-frequency zonal winds. This resonance leads to barotropic instability, triggering abnormal low-frequency Rossby wave behavior in the entrance and exit regions of the quasi-stationary jet stream. Simultaneously, the intensified meridional wind, coupled with adiabatic atmospheric warming, amplifies baroclinic instability, resulting in an enhanced wave pattern and the high concurrence events of 2022. Under long term future global warming levels of 4 °C, the concurrence, strengthened by multi-scale zonal wind resonance, is expected to persist. The mechanism evident in 2022 plays a broader and more significant role in concurrent events compared to the mechanism in 2020. Under the process of warming, resonance phenomena, as observed in 2022, are projected to become more frequent.","PeriodicalId":11747,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Letters","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141936989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cooperative food bank: a collective insurance regime to govern food insecurity and nitrogen pollution under risk 合作粮食银行：风险下治理粮食不安全和氮污染的集体保险制度

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ad5f44

Wenying Liao, Vítor V Vasconcelos, Simon A Levin and Michael Oppenheimer

{"title":"Cooperative food bank: a collective insurance regime to govern food insecurity and nitrogen pollution under risk","authors":"Wenying Liao, Vítor V Vasconcelos, Simon A Levin and Michael Oppenheimer","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ad5f44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad5f44","url":null,"abstract":"Risks, such as climate change, disease outbreak, geopolitical tension, may exacerbate food insecurity by negatively impacting crop yield. Additional agricultural nitrogen input may partly offset yield losses, with a corresponding increase in nitrogen pollution. The problems of food insecurity and nitrogen pollution are urgent and global but have not been addressed in an integrated fashion. Current efforts to combat food insecurity occur primarily through the United Nations’ World Food Program at the international level, and, at the local community level, through food banks. The international program to monitor and reduce global nitrogen pollution is in its early stage. Food provision and nitrogen pollution reduction from agriculture presents a dual challenge that requires an integrated solution. Here, we propose a cooperative food bank, where membership is a matter of choice and is not coerced. Membership requires participants to reduce nitrogen pollution in agriculture but creates a risk-buffering system, providing food compensation when participants are affected by risk factors. We delineate the structure of the cooperative food bank, its operation, from the short-term mobilization of resources to long-term capacity building. Lastly, we assess the feasibility of its implementation and highlight the potential major roadblocks to its implementation within the current socio-political context. The cooperative food bank showcases a novel solution that simultaneously tackles food insecurity and nitrogen pollution via governance. We hope this proposal will stimulate a research agenda and policy discussions focused on integrated approaches to effective governance regimes for linked socio-environmental problems.","PeriodicalId":11747,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Letters","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141882874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impacts of future scenarios on the nitrogen loss from agricultural supply chains in the Chesapeake Bay 未来情景对切萨皮克湾农业供应链氮流失的影响

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ad5d0b

Michael Gomez, Caitlin Grady, Lisa Wainger, Raj Cibin, David Abler, Darrell Bosch, Jason Kaye

{"title":"Impacts of future scenarios on the nitrogen loss from agricultural supply chains in the Chesapeake Bay","authors":"Michael Gomez, Caitlin Grady, Lisa Wainger, Raj Cibin, David Abler, Darrell Bosch, Jason Kaye","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ad5d0b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad5d0b","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive nitrogen (N) pollution in the Chesapeake Bay is threatening ecological health. This study presents a multilayer N flow network model where each network layer represents a stage in the production step from raw agricultural commodities such as corn to final products such as packaged meat. We use this model to assess the impacts of alternative future agricultural production and land use changes on multiple pathways of N pollution within the Chesapeake Bay Watershed (CBW). We analyzed N loss via all pathways under multiple future scenarios, considering crop-specific projections based on empirical data and US Department of Agriculture projections. We found two model parameters, fertilizer nitrogen application rate (FNAR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR), to be particularly important for seeing measurable N loss reductions in the Bay. Our results indicate a large increase in N loss under the business-as-usual trajectory in geographic locations with intensive agricultural production. We found that numerous management scenarios including improvements in FNAR and FCR, N losses fall short of the 25% total maximum daily load targets. Our work suggests that achieving the CBW N loss reduction goals will necessitate large deviations from business as usual. Our model also highlights substantial regional variations in nitrogen loss across the U.S., with central regions like the Corn Belt and Central Valley of California experiencing the highest losses from crop-related stages, while eastern areas such as the Chesapeake Bay exhibit major losses from live animal production, underscoring the need for region-specific management strategies. Thus, implementation of effective N management strategies, combined with improved crop residue management, remains pivotal in mitigating N pollution in the Chesapeake Bay.","PeriodicalId":11747,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Letters","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plan evaluation for heat resilience: complementary methods to comprehensively assess heat planning in Tempe and Tucson, Arizona 抗热计划评估：亚利桑那州坦佩市和图森市全面评估供热规划的补充方法

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ad5d05

Sara Meerow, Ladd Keith, Malini Roy, Shaylynn Trego

{"title":"Plan evaluation for heat resilience: complementary methods to comprehensively assess heat planning in Tempe and Tucson, Arizona","authors":"Sara Meerow, Ladd Keith, Malini Roy, Shaylynn Trego","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ad5d05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad5d05","url":null,"abstract":"Escalating impacts from climate change and urban heat are increasing the urgency for communities to equitably plan for heat resilience. Cities in the desert Southwest are among the hottest and fastest warming in the U.S., placing them on the front lines of heat planning. Urban heat resilience requires an integrated planning approach that coordinates strategies across the network of plans that shape the built environment and risk patterns. To date, few studies have assessed cities’ progress on heat planning. This research is the first to combine two emerging plan evaluation approaches to examine how networks of plans shape urban heat resilience through case studies of Tempe and Tucson, Arizona. The first methodology, Plan Quality Evaluation for Heat Resilience, adapts existing plan quality assessment approaches to heat. We assess whether plans meet 56 criteria across seven principles of high-quality planning and the types of heat strategies included in the plans. The second methodology, the Plan Integration for Resilience Scorecard™ (PIRS™) for Heat, focuses on plan policies that could influence urban heat hazards. We categorize policies by policy tool and heat mitigation strategy and score them based on their heat impact. Scored policies are then mapped to evaluate their spatial distribution and the net effect of the plan network. The resulting PIRS™ for Heat scorecard is compared with heat vulnerability indicators to assess policy alignment with risks. We find that both cities are proactively planning for heat resilience using similar plan and strategy types, however, there are clear and consistent opportunities for improvement. Combining these complementary plan evaluation methods provides a more comprehensive understanding of how plans address heat and a generalizable approach that communities everywhere could use to identify opportunities for improved heat resilience planning.","PeriodicalId":11747,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Letters","volume":"170 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Asynchrony of the seasonal dynamics of gross primary production and ecosystem respiration 总初级生产力和生态系统呼吸的季节动态不同步

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ad5d08

Linqing Yang, Asko Noormets

{"title":"Asynchrony of the seasonal dynamics of gross primary production and ecosystem respiration","authors":"Linqing Yang, Asko Noormets","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ad5d08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad5d08","url":null,"abstract":"The phenological cycles of terrestrial ecosystems have shifted with the changing climate, and the altered timings of biogeochemical fluxes may also exert feedback on the climate system. As regulators of land carbon balance, relative shifts in photosynthetic and respiratory phenology under climate change are of great importance. However, the relative seasonal dynamics of these individual processes and their sensitivity to climate factors as well as the implications for carbon cycling are not well understood. In this study, we examined the relationship in the seasonality of gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (RE) as well as their temperature sensitivities and the implications for carbon uptake with around 1500 site-years’ of data from FLUXNET 2015 and Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator (BEPS) at 212 sites. The results showed that RE started earlier in the spring and ended later in the autumn than GPP over most biomes. Furthermore, the flux phenology metrics responded differently to temperature: GPP phenology was more sensitive to changes during the spring temperature than RE phenology, and less sensitive to autumn temperature than RE. We found large BEPS-observation discrepancies in seasonality metrics and their apparent temperature sensitivity. The site-based BEPS projections did not capture the observed seasonal metrics and temperature sensitivities in either GPP or RE seasonality metrics. Improved understanding of the asynchrony of GPP and RE as well as different sensitivity of environmental factors are of great significance for reliable future carbon balance projections.","PeriodicalId":11747,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Letters","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the nonlinearity of wintertime PM2.5 formation in response to precursor emission changes in North China with the adjoint method 用邻接法评估华北地区冬季 PM2.5 形成对前体排放变化的非线性响应

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ad60df

Ni Lu, Lin Zhang, Xiaolin Wang, Zehui Liu, Danyang Li, Jiayu Xu, Haiyue Tan, Mi Zhou, Daven K Henze

{"title":"Assessing the nonlinearity of wintertime PM2.5 formation in response to precursor emission changes in North China with the adjoint method","authors":"Ni Lu, Lin Zhang, Xiaolin Wang, Zehui Liu, Danyang Li, Jiayu Xu, Haiyue Tan, Mi Zhou, Daven K Henze","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ad60df","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad60df","url":null,"abstract":"While China’s clean air actions implemented since 2013 have been effective in mitigating PM2.5 air pollution, the large emission reductions during the COVID-19 lockdown period in early 2020 did not similarly alleviate PM2.5 pollution in North China, reflecting a distinct nonlinear chemical response of PM2.5 formation to emission changes. Here we apply emission-concentration relationships for PM2.5 diagnosed using the adjoint approach to quantitatively assess how chemical nonlinearity affects PM2.5 over Beijing in February 2020 in response to two emission reduction scenarios: the COVID-19 lockdown and 2013–2017 emission controls. We find that, in the absence of chemical nonlinearity, the COVID-19 lockdown would decrease PM2.5 in Beijing by 17.9 <italic toggle=\"yes\">μ</italic>g m–3, and the 2013–2017 emission controls resulted in a larger decrease of 54.2 <italic toggle=\"yes\">μ</italic>g m–3 because of greater reductions of SO2 and primary aerosol emissions. Chemical nonlinearity offset the decrease for Beijing PM2.5 by 3.4 <italic toggle=\"yes\">μ</italic>g m–3 during the lockdown due to enhanced sensitivity of aerosol nitrate to NO<italic toggle=\"yes\">x</italic> emissions, but enhanced the efficiency of 2013–2017 emission controls by 11.9 <italic toggle=\"yes\">μ</italic>g m–3 due to the weakened heterogeneous reaction of sulfate. Such nonlinear chemical effects are important to estimate and consider when designing or assessing air pollution control strategies.","PeriodicalId":11747,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Letters","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Moderate nitrogen enrichment increases CO2 sink strength in a coastal wetland 适度富氮可增加沿海湿地的二氧化碳吸收汇强度

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ad64e9

Wendi Qu, Guangxuan Han, Josep Penuelas, Xiaoyue Wang and Baohua Xie

{"title":"Moderate nitrogen enrichment increases CO2 sink strength in a coastal wetland","authors":"Wendi Qu, Guangxuan Han, Josep Penuelas, Xiaoyue Wang and Baohua Xie","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ad64e9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad64e9","url":null,"abstract":"Coastal wetlands remarkably influence terrestrial carbon (C) stock by serving as natural reservoirs for ‘blue carbon’. Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) enrichment shapes the dynamics of soil and plant communities, consequently affecting the C balance and ecosystem functions. The impacts of various levels of N enrichment on CO2 sequestration in coastal wetlands, however, remain elusive. Here we conducted a long-term field study of N fertilization in a coastal wetland in the Yellow River Delta, China, to investigate N effects on soil properties, indicators of plant dynamics, and fluxes of ecosystem CO2. The results indicated that moderate N enrichment (5 g N m−2 y−1) stimulated C fluxes with increases in gross primary productivity (+26.4%), ecosystem respiration (+23.3%), and net ecosystem exchange (NEE, +31.5%) relative to the control. High (10 g N m−2 y−1) and extreme (20 g N m−2 y−1) amounts of N enrichment, however, had relatively minor impacts on these CO2 fluxes. Overall, we observed a decrease in soil electrical conductivity (−24.6%) and increases in soil organic C (+25.2%) and microbial biomass C (+369.3%) for N enrichment. N enrichment also altered the composition of plant species, with a higher proportion of a local dominant species (Phragmites australis), and affected root biomass distribution, with more biomass near the soil surface. Structural equation modeling explained 65.2% of the variance of NEE and supported the assumption that N enrichment could alter the dynamics of soil properties and plant conditions and accelerate ecosystem CO2 sequestration. These findings have important implications for forecasting the C cycle with increasing N deposition in coastal wetlands, contributing to the projections of the global C budget.","PeriodicalId":11747,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Letters","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141782369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0