Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata最新文献

{"title":"Prior sugarcane borer damage does not impact conspecific damage or perennial crop yield in subsequent years of growth","authors":"Hannah J. Penn,&nbsp;Quentin D. Read,&nbsp;Randy T. Richard,&nbsp;Dawson J. Dufrene","doi":"10.1111/eea.13609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eea.13609","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Prior damage can alter a plant's susceptibility to future herbivory and yield potential, which is mediated, in part, by the plant's ability to regrow and changes in nutritional content. In perennial sugarcane (<i>Saccharum</i> spp.), herbivory by lepidopteran stem borers early in a growing season can increase the probability of conspecific herbivory later in the crop year. However, it is unknown whether the effects of prior borer damage either to vegetatively propagated seed cane or to standing plants can impact conspecific herbivory or crop yield in subsequent crop years. Using a long-term dataset and two field studies, we investigated the impacts of prior sugarcane borer (SCB; <i>Diatraea saccharalis</i> [F.]; Lepidoptera: Crambidae) damage on levels of conspecific damage across crop years. We also evaluated long-term impacts of SCB damage on plant quantity and quality, aspects that may alter future herbivory and yield. We found that prior SCB damage to either seed cane or standing crops did not alter conspecific damage in subsequent crop years. This prior SCB damage also did not impact plant quality (fiber, sucrose, and carbon content). However, foliar nitrogen was lower in plots without SCB damage in the first year but damaged in the second crop year. Metrics of plant quantity (tiller emergence and aboveground biomass) and total sugar yield were not impacted by prior years' SCB damage. Taken together, our data indicate that although SCB herbivory can significantly increase conspecific herbivory and impact sugarcane plants within a crop year, these effects were not sustained post-harvest following regrowth of aboveground biomass.</p>","PeriodicalId":11741,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata","volume":"173 10","pages":"1048-1060"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface characterization of the cuticle of third-instar larvae of Diatraea saccharalis and Helicoverpa zea","authors":"Diana R. Vasquez,&nbsp;Marcus Frank,&nbsp;Armin Springer,&nbsp;Martha I. Gómez,&nbsp;Diana M. Aragón","doi":"10.1111/eea.13608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eea.13608","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lepidopteran insects are among the most significant crop pests in the Americas, causing extensive economic damage to sugarcane, tobacco, cotton, tomato, and corn crops. To improve biopesticide design for their control, it is essential to characterize the insect cuticle, which acts as a barrier against fungal infections, regulates compound permeation, and affects bioproduct adhesion. This study characterized the cuticles of <i>Diatraea saccharalis</i> (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and <i>Helicoverpa zea</i> (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) based on fatty acid composition, morphology, contact angle, adhesion and cohesion work, spreading coefficient, and surface free energy (polar and dispersive components). <i>Diatraea saccharalis</i> exhibited higher saturated fatty acid content, whereas <i>H. zea</i> showed greater polyunsaturated fatty acid levels. Morphologically, <i>H. zea</i> displayed more developed mandibles and ventral/dorsal spines compared with <i>D. saccharalis</i>. Water had the highest adhesion work on <i>D. saccharalis</i>, whereas formamide liquid showed the highest adhesion on <i>H. zea</i>. Dimethyl sulfoxide and ethylene glycol spread more effectively on both species. Overall, <i>D. saccharalis</i> exhibited hydrophilic cuticle properties, whereas <i>H. zea</i> was more hydrophobic. This study provides foundational insights into cuticular characteristics, enabling the development of biopesticides with improved efficacy for pest control in agricultural systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11741,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata","volume":"173 10","pages":"1023-1033"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat-induced effects on longevity and early fecundity reveal differences between the sibling species Drosophila buzzatii and Drosophila koepferae","authors":"Federico H. Gómez,&nbsp;Pablo Sambucetti,&nbsp;Fabian M. Norry","doi":"10.1111/eea.13604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eea.13604","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sub-lethal exposure to an elevated temperature can improve some traits, including longevity and/or early fecundity (EF), a phenomenon known as hormesis. Here, sub-lethal and repeated exposures to heat were applied in two sibling species, <i>Drosophila buzzatii</i> (Patterson and Wheeler) and <i>Drosophila koepferae</i> (Fontdevila and Wasserman) (both Diptera: Drosophilidae), to assess any possible heat-induced effects on longevity and EF at benign temperature. In addition, heat-knockdown resistance was measured in each species. As in previous studies, <i>D. koepferae</i> was found to be a short-lived species as compared to other Drosophila species, including <i>D. buzzatii</i>. Heat-knockdown resistance in females was higher in <i>D. buzzatii</i> than in <i>D. koepferae</i>, but no significant difference between species was found in males in a mixed-sex environment. Hormesis in longevity was substantial in <i>D. buzzatii</i>, but no hormesis was found in the longevity of <i>D. koepferae</i>. Relative early fecundity (REF) strongly increased due to heat stress in females of <i>D. koepferae</i>, whereas no changes were found for this trait in <i>D. buzzatii</i>. These results show that the hormetic response to repeated exposures to heat can differ between very closely related species that share the same thermal environments in sympatric arid populations where there is no place to hide, differentially affecting traits of the well-known trade-off between longevity and EF. Taken together, the results from this and previous studies suggest that, in contrast to <i>D. buzzatii</i>, the short-lived <i>D. koepferae</i> appears to be the fly that not always can extend its longevity by exposures to an elevated but sub-lethal temperature. Interestingly, in contrast to longevity, EF in <i>D. koepferae</i> and not in <i>D. buzzatii</i> was found to increase due to the exposure to elevated temperature, revealing differences between these sibling species.</p>","PeriodicalId":11741,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata","volume":"173 9","pages":"923-932"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endophytic colonization of cauliflower by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger reduces performance and host preference in tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura","authors":"Tamanreet Kaur,&nbsp;Rahul Datta,&nbsp;Arushi Mahajan,&nbsp;Amarjeet Kaur,&nbsp;Sanehdeep Kaur","doi":"10.1111/eea.13606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eea.13606","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microbial biological control agents are garnering widespread interest for managing insect pests, and their usage in agriculture offers a viable alternative to synthetic insecticides. In this study, cauliflower plants (<i>Brassica oleracea</i> var. <i>botrytis</i> L., Brassicaceae) inoculated with endophytic fungi <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> (Link) (Eurotiales) and <i>Aspergillus niger</i> (van Tieghem) (Eurotiales) isolated from <i>Acacia arabica</i> (Willd) (Fabaceae) were used to assess their insecticidal potential against <i>Spodoptera litura</i> (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae. Inoculation of cauliflower with both endophytes resulted in significant mortality, reduced adult emergence, prolonged development period, and negatively affected the reproductive potential of <i>S. litura</i>. The nutritional physiology of the larvae fed on the endophyte-infected leaves was significantly affected. The relative growth and consumption rates of the <i>S. litura</i> larvae decreased as compared to the control. The fungal endophytes suppressed the activity of some digestive and detoxifying enzymes. The larvae fed on leaves inoculated with fungal endophytes showed a significant decrease in total hemocyte count, as well as in the activity of phenoloxidase and lysozyme. This study showed that artificial inoculation of plants with fungal endophytes would help in reducing pest incidence and thus could be integrated in future pest management programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11741,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata","volume":"173 9","pages":"1011-1021"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemocytes: Central drivers of antimicrobial peptide expression and immune proteins in both cellular and humoral responses of Galleria mellonella","authors":"Serhat Kaya,&nbsp;Tülay Turgut Genç,&nbsp;Melih Günay","doi":"10.1111/eea.13607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eea.13607","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Insects have an effective innate immune system that includes both cellular and humoral responses for defense against pathogens. Antimicrobial peptides like gallerimycin and galiomycin, as well as immune proteins like hemolin, are the important effectors of the humoral immune response in <i>Galleria mellonella</i> L. (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae). Encapsulation, on the contrary, is one of the important cellular immune responses. This study investigated the tissue-specific expression of an immune effector in <i>G. mellonella</i> larvae after injection with <i>Candida albicans</i> (C.P. Robin) (Ascomycota: Debaryomycetaceae) and silica beads. The gene expression of gallerimycin, galiomycin, and hemolin was examined in total larvae, hemocytes, and fat bodies at 4 and 24 h following injection. Our findings indicate that hemocytes serve as the main site for AMP synthesis, especially after bead injection, implying a more effective immune recognition mechanism relative to pathogen injection. Furthermore, we detected higher hemolin expression in hemocytes than fat tissue, indicating its role in hemocyte-mediated immune responses. Encapsulation rates were also evaluated in bead-injected larvae. At 4 h post-injection, most beads were weakly encapsulated, whereas by 24 h, the majority were strongly encapsulated, reflecting a time-dependent maturation of the immune response. These results show that <i>G. mellonella</i> has a unique immune system, with hemocytes playing a key role in regulating AMP production and immune responses during infection. This study provides deeper insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms of insect immunity, positioning <i>G. mellonella</i> as a valuable model for studying host–pathogen interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11741,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata","volume":"173 9","pages":"1000-1010"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eea.13607","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata avoids transferred organic mulch—Insight from a mark-release trial","authors":"Christiane Weiler,&nbsp;Simeon Leisch,&nbsp;Stephan Martin Junge,&nbsp;Maria Renate Finckh","doi":"10.1111/eea.13605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eea.13605","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Colorado potato beetle (CPB) <i>Leptinotarsa decemlineata</i> (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is one of the most relevant pests in potato cultivation. Even in organic potatoes, CPB are often managed using organically certified insecticides that may also affect non-target organisms and increase the risk of insecticide resistance. Applying transferred organic mulch to potatoes has been shown to reduce egg masses and larvae of CPB; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To assess the effects of mulch on the initial infestation of CPB, marked individuals were released in the field between plots with transferred organic mulch and plots with bare soil and counted after 12 h in 2021 and 2022. In 2022, one additional assessment was carried out 72 h after release and eggs and larvae were assessed after 10 days. More than 75% of CPB adults preferred the unmulched plots, a major reason for the reduction of eggs and larvae in mulched potatoes found in previous field trials. Barrier effects, olfactory disruption, or disorientation could be responsible for the reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":11741,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata","volume":"173 9","pages":"971-977"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eea.13605","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of temperature on the ontogeny of sexual size dimorphism in the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda","authors":"Wei Liu,&nbsp;Shui-Lin Song,&nbsp;Li-Li Huang,&nbsp;Hong-Bin Ge,&nbsp;Fang-Sen Xue,&nbsp;Hai-Min He","doi":"10.1111/eea.13603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eea.13603","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To date, the ontogeny of insect sexual size dimorphism (SSD) remains poorly understood. In particular, we do not know whether size differences between sexes might change with rearing temperature. Based on a thorough understanding of the life-history traits of the fall armyworm (FAW) <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), here, we investigated the ontogeny of SSD by measuring larval mass daily during development at 22 and 28°C. We found that temperature significantly influenced SSD ontogeny. Thus, the growth trajectory at 22°C showed that SSD began between the third instar of larval development and the pupal stage but was not manifest at 28°C. The significant difference in larval mass between sexes reared at 22°C was due to the longer duration of the developmental time of males, whereas the disappearance of SSD at 28°C was mainly attributed to both the longer developmental time of female larvae and the higher growth rate of males. Sexual dimorphism in growth rate was observed at both temperatures, being significantly higher in females than in males at 22°C, over the first 6 days before pupation. Conversely, it was significantly higher in males than in females over the first 5 days before pupation, at 28°C. Unlike female-biased insects, FAW individuals showed a decrease in SSD from the pupal to adult stages, as male pupae took significantly longer to develop than female pupae, resulting in males losing more weight than females at the time of eclosion. Consequently, females were larger than males at the adult stage. Furthermore, we found a significant positive correlation between larval developmental time and larval mass, as well as between larval mass and wingspan. These findings pave the way for further research on insect SSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11741,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata","volume":"173 9","pages":"942-950"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cold storage strategy for parasitized hosts significantly improves the probability of parasitoid eclosion","authors":"Mei Qi,&nbsp;Jing Li,&nbsp;Yong-Xin Hu,&nbsp;Lan-Feng Qiu,&nbsp;Hao-Yuan Hu,&nbsp;Peng-Cheng Liu","doi":"10.1111/eea.13601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eea.13601","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Parasitoids, as effective biological control agents, have been extensively applied to reduce the population size of pest species. However, important limitations of biological control programmes are often related to difficulties in synchronizing parasitoid and host life cycles and failure to obtain sufficient numbers of parasitoids when they are required for release. To address these issues, cold storage for parasitized hosts is considered a valuable method. <i>Anastatus disparis</i> Ruschka (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) is an important egg parasitoid and is considered a potential biological control agent for several species of lepidopteran forest pests, including <i>Lymantria dispar</i> Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae). Thus, to synchronize parasitoid and pest host life cycles and obtain an abundance of parasitoids before release, the strategy of cold storage of the parasitized host was studied for <i>A. disparis</i>. Our results suggest immediate refrigeration of the host after parasitization is severely detrimental to the development of the parasitoid <i>A. disparis</i>. More than half of the <i>A. disparis</i> offspring failed to successfully eclose even after a short period of refrigeration, and none eclosed after 60 days. However, when immature <i>A. disparis</i> offspring developed in the host for a period, reaching the larval stage and pupal stage, and were then refrigerated, the eclosion ratio could be significantly improved after long-term refrigeration. In addition, the sex ratio of the offspring was also evaluated and did not change, although the body size of the offspring decreased in the parasitized host after refrigeration. In summary, our study explored an effective strategy for parasitoid preservation under long-term cold storage.</p>","PeriodicalId":11741,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata","volume":"173 9","pages":"933-941"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sublethal effects of experimental warming on host–parasitoid interactions remain consistent across host plants","authors":"Ryan S. Ficarrotta,&nbsp;Jocelyn Marquez,&nbsp;John T. Lill","doi":"10.1111/eea.13600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eea.13600","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rising global temperatures can affect host plants and insects in a variety of ways. Species interactions can be disrupted as temperatures increase, particularly when members of different trophic levels show differential responses to thermal stress. In agricultural systems, parasitoids are frequently used as biological control agents to reduce crop damage by herbivores, so understanding the effects of thermal stress on multiple trophic levels is imperative for effective management. We experimentally tested the effects of increased temperatures (ambient: 23–30°C; hot: 27–34°C) on the multi-trophic interaction involving three varieties of cultivated <i>Brassica oleracea</i> (L.) (Brassicaceae) (cabbage, kale, or broccoli), the caterpillar pest <i>Plutella xylostella</i> (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), and its primary parasitoid <i>Diadegma insulare</i> (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). We found that performance metrics of both the caterpillar and parasitoid were consistent among host plants. We found decreased development time and reduced pupal weights at higher temperatures in both the caterpillar and the parasitoid, but no effect of temperature on mortality of either the herbivore or its parasitoid. Development time was more accelerated in the caterpillar than the parasitoid, and pupal weights declined more in parasitoids than caterpillars. Caterpillars behaviorally mitigated temperature stress by pupating beneath leaves, resulting in sublethal effects for both hosts and parasitoids. Kale plants growing under higher temperatures had higher foliar nitrogen, but caterpillar performance data suggested that this was due to increased chemical defenses rather than increased nutrition. Together, these results suggest that biological control of <i>P. xylostella</i> could be disrupted by climate change, especially as lower pupal weights are correlated with reduced fecundity, which could reduce parasitoid population densities; however, as the effects of increased temperature are largely consistent across host plants, similar management practices can be used on different host plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":11741,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata","volume":"173 9","pages":"951-961"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144815042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Founding and maintaining a seedcorn maggot (Delia platura) colony","authors":"Olivia Rooney,&nbsp;Justin Shade,&nbsp;Annika Salzberg,&nbsp;Chloe Yi-Luo Cho,&nbsp;Katja Poveda","doi":"10.1111/eea.13593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eea.13593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Delia platura</i> (Meigen) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) is a generalist dipteran pest that attacks germinating seeds of cucurbits, crucifers, legumes, and among others. <i>Delia platura</i> can cause economically important damage in early spring that leads to stand losses in temperate regions. Thus, researching the biology and behavior of this pest and running bioassays with different life stages is essential to developing effective management strategies. Maintaining <i>D. platura</i> colonies allows for laboratory and field experiments to occur outside of the growing season. However, current rearing protocols yield high mortality rates at the egg stage and have been difficult to replicate. Here, we present an updated protocol for reduced offspring mortality, improved colony health, and greater ease of maintenance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11741,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata","volume":"173 8","pages":"918-922"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eea.13593","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144573550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}