Environmental biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Chemotypes and geographic distribution of the Fusarium graminearum species complex","authors":"S. Przemieniecki, T. Kurowski, K. Korzekwa","doi":"10.14799/EBMS241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14799/EBMS241","url":null,"abstract":"The Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) consists of phylogenetically distinct pathogenic species. Isolates from various regions display genetic variety worldwide. Three type B trichothecene chemotypes have been identified within the FGSC: nivalenol, 3-deoxynivalenol and 15-deoxynivalenol. The variations in morphological, genetic and virulence traits of FGSC fungi can be attributed mainly to their geographic boundaries. The geographic range of host plants, type of farming system and weather conditions also influence the prevalence of FGSC taxa. The geographic distribution of FGSC members may reflect not","PeriodicalId":11733,"journal":{"name":"Environmental biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86801545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production costs and residues evaluation of Crambe abyssinica as an energy feedstock","authors":"M. Stolarski, M. Krzyżaniak, M. Śnieg, M. Christou, E. Alexopoulou","doi":"10.14799/EBMS219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14799/EBMS219","url":null,"abstract":"abyssinica grown in two variants (with and without herbicides). In addition, the quality of by-products (straw and cake) as energy feedstocks was evaluated. Costs of production of Crambe abyssinica seeds in the variant with herbicides were nearly 140€·ha-1 higher than in the variant without herbicides. The yield of pure seeds was by over 110kg·ha-1 higher in the herbicidetreated variant than in the treatment without weed control. However, the yield of straw was higher on fields without application of herbicides, but that straw had a higher moisture content due to the presence of weeds. The lower heating value of crambe straw was 15.3MJ·kg-1 on average and the straw content of ash was 5.68% D.M. The cake obtained from the crop had a much higher lower heating value (21.95MJ·kg-1) and ash content 6.41% D.M. Moreover, it was found to contain much more carbon and hydrogen, as well as five-fold more sulfur than straw. Production costs and residues evaluation of Crambe abyssinica as an energy feedstock*","PeriodicalId":11733,"journal":{"name":"Environmental biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87406108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations in fatty acid composition of Cunninghamella echinulata lipids induced by orange essential oil","authors":"A. Moustogianni, Stamatia Bellou, I. Triantaphyllidou, G. Aggelis","doi":"10.14799/EBMS237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14799/EBMS237","url":null,"abstract":"∆9C18:1/C18:0, ∆9,12C18:2/∆9C18:1 and ∆6,9,12C18:3/∆9,12C18:2 used as indices for ∆9, ∆12 and ∆6 desaturase activity, respectively, we suggest that in the presence of EO, the activity of ∆9 desaturase involved in the desaturation of stearic acid was significantly increased. During this process both ∆12 and ∆6 desaturases involved in the desaturation of oleic and linoleic acids, respectively, decreased. We conclude that EO could be used for the in vivo modification of microbial lipids. Alterations in fatty acid composition of Cunninghamella echinulata lipids induced by orange essential oil","PeriodicalId":11733,"journal":{"name":"Environmental biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78409581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurotoxicity of cyanobacterial toxins","authors":"M. Florczyk, A. Łakomiak, M. Woźny, P. Brzuzan","doi":"10.14799/EBMS246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14799/EBMS246","url":null,"abstract":"Eutrophication of marine- and fresh-waters can lead to excessive development of cyanobacterial blooms, which may contain strains that produce toxins. These toxins are secondary metabolites which can accumulate in the food chain and contaminate drinking water, thus posing a potential threat to the health of humans and aquatic organisms. These toxins include a variety of compounds with different mechanisms. This review focuses on the neurotoxicity of microcystin and other cyanotoxins. Although the hepatotoxic action of microcystins is commonly known, its neurotoxic effects have also been described, e.g. oxidative stress, cytoskeletal changes and","PeriodicalId":11733,"journal":{"name":"Environmental biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88511026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular modelling techniques in environmental research","authors":"R. Urniaz, Ewelina Rutkowska, J. Jastrzębski, Paweł Książek, K. Rudnicka","doi":"10.14799/EBMS198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14799/EBMS198","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last few decades significant increase in computational methods ( in silico ) was annotated. Novel methods have been developed and applied for hypothesis improvement and testing in regions of industrial, pharmaceutical and environmental research. The term in silico methods include variety of approaches. Considerable attention has been attracted to databases, data analysis tools, quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR), pharmacophore models, molecular docking and dynamics, pharmacokinetics and other molecular modelling techniques. In silico methods are often accompanied","PeriodicalId":11733,"journal":{"name":"Environmental biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77586287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"cDNA fingerprint from the hepatopancreatic glands of pond snails (Lymnaea stagnalis ) exposed to benzo( a)pyrene","authors":"M. Woźny, M. Kowal, S. Ciesielski, M. Florczyk, R. Wiśniewski, E. Malicka, P. Brzuzan","doi":"10.14799/EBMS229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14799/EBMS229","url":null,"abstract":"Identification of differentially expressed genes that could be potentially used as biomarkers of PAH exposure of common invertebrate animal (like freshwater snail) would be a valuable resource for investigators interested in toxicology and biomonitoring of aquatic environments. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate effects of waterborne benzo[ a]pyrene (B[ a]P) exposure on mRNA expression in the pond snail’s (Lymnaea stagnalis ) hepatopancreatic gland. Toward this end, mature individuals of pond snail ( L. stagnalis ) were treated with 50µM B[ a]P solution in a short 36h static exposure test. Differential Display PCR (DD-PCR) was used to generate a unique cDNA fingerprint of genes that were differentially expressed in the tissues of exposed and unexposed snails. To assess the putative identity of the isolated cDNA amplicons (ESTs), BLAST queries were performed to find similarities in their nucleotide sequence. Real-Time qPCR analysis was used to verify the DDPCR expression profile. Finally, an additional independent exposure study, including higher dose of B[ a]P (100µM), was conducted to validate the expression of selected ESTs. BLAST","PeriodicalId":11733,"journal":{"name":"Environmental biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81632614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micronucleus assay in epithelial cells from the oral cavity and urinary tract in female smokers and non-smokers","authors":"E. Błaszczyk, Danuta Mielżyńska-Švach","doi":"10.14799/EBMS248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14799/EBMS248","url":null,"abstract":"pooled analysis of the frequency of binucleated cells and condensed chromatin cells in 18 studied women, statistically significant differences were noted only in epithelial cells from the oral cavity in comparison to those of the urinary tract. Non-pooled results demonstrated no differences in cytogenetic damage frequency in cells collected from the oral cavity and isolated from the urine. The lack of differences in the observed frequencies of micronuclei in buccal and urothelial cells could be an effect of the small size of the sampled group, smoking pattern of the women and the number of cigarettes smoked per day. Micronucleus assay in epithelial cells from the oral cavity","PeriodicalId":11733,"journal":{"name":"Environmental biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86806650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methanogenic potential of biomass from roadside verges preserved with various additives","authors":"C. Purwin, B. Pysera, B. Fijałkowska, K. Lipiński","doi":"10.14799/EBMS227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14799/EBMS227","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present research was to evaluate the chemical composition and storage capacities, as well as the efficiency and composition of biogas from biomass collected from roadside verges. The biomass was collected in July and October and then preserved in microsilos (10L) with and without formic acid, bacterial inoculant, bacterial-enzymatic preparation, enzymatic preparation. After 180 days of storage, biomass samples were analyzed for chemical composition, organic dry matter (ODM) losses and biogas and methane yield (Oxi‐Top Control). Biomass from the summer period had a higher (p<0.01) content of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, hemicellulose and cellulose and a lower (p<0.01) content of ether extract and acid detergent fiber. Loss of organic matter during preservation and biomass storage © UNIVERSITY OF WARMIA AND MAZURY IN OLSZTYN INTRODUCTION Energy production from renewable sources is a key issue in environmental protection and balanced development of manufacturing and services (Stelmach et al. 2010). The recent development of small agricultural biogas stations has resulted in plant biomass becoming a precious raw material. Cultivated plants which are most frequently used as substrates in biogas production include corn, rye, triticale and sugar beet (Mikołajczak et al. 2009). However, biomass production from these plants for energy purposes is connected with excluding significant areas of arable land from food production (Gołaszewski 2011). Potential sources of substrates for agricultural biogas stations can be waste produced during maintenance of green areas, including biomass from roadside verges that comprise grass, weeds and leaves falling from roadside trees (Pieƒkowski 2010). Production of biogas from this biomass facilitates utilization of this waste and solves the problem of its management. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the chemical composition and storage capacities, as well as the * Presented at the Fourth International Environmental Best Practices Conference, 8-12 September 2013, Olsztyn, Poland Purwin et al. Biogas from roadside verges biomass 19 potential for biogas production from biomass collected from roadside verges in summer and autumn. MATERIALS AND METHODS Biomass from roadside verges was collected with a mower in summer (July) and autumn (October). It was then ground into strand with a theoretical length of 12mm. This biomass was then placed in plastic microsilos (10L), sealed with silicone and equipped with a valve to release fermentation gases. Every trial was repeated three times. After compacting, microsilos were weighed so as to gain an identical degree of densification of a given biomassmaterial. Organic drymatter (ODM) losses were estimated on the basis of the mass of microsilos’ content and ODMconcentration before sealing and after 180 days of storage. Biomass was stored: 0 – without additives; A – with the addition of 96% formic acid, 5g·kg-1 of fresh material; B – with fermentation","PeriodicalId":11733,"journal":{"name":"Environmental biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77244405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life cycle assessment of Crambe abyssinica production for an integrated multi-product biorefinery","authors":"M. Krzyżaniak, M. Stolarski, M. Śnieg, M. Christou, E. Alexopoulou","doi":"10.14799/EBMS220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14799/EBMS220","url":null,"abstract":"For decades, energy and chemical industry markets have been dominated by resources acquired from fossil fuels. The resources are steadily shrinking and access to them is becoming increasingly difficult. Therefore, alternative methods of producing fuels or chemicals from renewable sources are being sought. The crambe ( Crambe abyssinica ) is an oil plant with a high content of erucic acid, regarded as a feedstock for integrated biorefineries. Production of fuels or chemicals from biomass should be conducted in a sustainable way. Therefore, the aim of the study was to use the life cycle assessment method to determine the impact on the environment of the production of crambe","PeriodicalId":11733,"journal":{"name":"Environmental biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80640439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrastructural changes in blood cells in the hematopoietic organs of Lake Baikal fish exposed to phenol","authors":"V. Yakhnenko, I. Klimenkov, A. Belyshenko","doi":"10.14799/EBMS223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14799/EBMS223","url":null,"abstract":"exposure, the cells of fish showed signs of destructive processes: strong vacuolization of cytoplasm and partial destruction of the cell membrane. In the cell nucleus the chromatin was condensed, the perinuclear space had expanded and the nuclear membrane had been partly destroyed. In another experiment, stone sculpin and perch were first exposed to phenol for 30 days and then they were kept for another 30 days in water without phenol. In the kidneys and spleen of stone sculpin the processes of lymphopoiesis were observed, whereas in perch the processes of lymphopoiesis and myelopoiesis occurred. Ultrastructural changes in blood cells in the hematopoietic organs of Lake Baikal fish exposed to phenol","PeriodicalId":11733,"journal":{"name":"Environmental biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89247296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}