Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security最新文献_第10页

Effect of Microbial Inoculation and Bentonite Amendments on Growth, Enzyme activity and Yield of cowpea cultivated in sandy soil 微生物接种和膨润土改性对沙土豇豆生长、酶活性和产量的影响

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.21608/JENVBS.2019.9954.1055

S. A. Abd-elgwad

{"title":"Effect of Microbial Inoculation and Bentonite Amendments on Growth, Enzyme activity and Yield of cowpea cultivated in sandy soil","authors":"S. A. Abd-elgwad","doi":"10.21608/JENVBS.2019.9954.1055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JENVBS.2019.9954.1055","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted twice at the farm of Environmental Studies and Research Institute, Sadat City University, Egypt, during the two consecutive seasons of 2015 and 2016 to study the effect of different additives of bentonite (0, 3, 6 and 9 t fed.-1), and microbial inoculation with Bradyrhizobium sp. and Azospirillum brasilense either alone or mixed on vegetative parameters, enzyme activity and yield of cowpea plants. Results revealed that co-inoculation treatment and addition of 9 ton fed.-1 bentonite significantly enhanced plant height, number of branches, fresh and dry weight of plant in both seasons compared with the control at 60 days from sowing and this increase reflected on enzyme activity which attained 25.56, 27.66 (µmol/ C2H4/h/g dry nodules) and 50.93, 54.57 (µg TPF/g dry soil/h) for nitrogenase (N2-ase) and dehydrogenase (DHA) in the two growing seasons, respectively. On the other hand, the highest total seed yield of cowpea was recorded from use the co-inoculation with 9 ton ton/fed which was 0.679 and 0.682 (ton fed-1) for seed yield and 0.316, 0.324 (ton fed-1) for straw yield during 2015 and 2016 seasons, respectively. Consequently, it is to recommend that mixture inoculate with Bradyrhizobium sp. and Azospirillum brasilense and addition of 9 ton fed.-1 bentonite could be improving crop growth of cowpea and improve sandy soil fertility.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87274721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AMF) Inoculation on the Performance of Sakha 107 Rice Cultivar under Different Irrigation Intervals. 不同灌溉间隔下接种丛枝菌根对萨哈107水稻生产性能的影响

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.21608/jenvbs.2019.15637.1068

Saied Gewaily

{"title":"Influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AMF) Inoculation on the Performance of Sakha 107 Rice Cultivar under Different Irrigation Intervals.","authors":"Saied Gewaily","doi":"10.21608/jenvbs.2019.15637.1068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jenvbs.2019.15637.1068","url":null,"abstract":"the experiment was effectuated at the experimental farm of Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt in 2017 and 2018 rice growing seasons to determine the performance of Sakha 107 rice cultivar as affected by inoculation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) under different irrigation intervals. The experiment was carried out in a split plot design with three replications. Irrigation treatments (continuous flooding (I1), irrigation every 6 (I2), 9 (I3) and 12 days (I4) considered as the main plots. However, the sub plots were occupied by two levels of inoculation of AMF, control (M1) and inoculation seeds in nursery bed by 1.2 kg ha-1 (M2). Results revealed that growth, grain yield and its attributes of Sakha 107 rice cultivar, as well as N and P uptake by grain were significantly influenced by irrigation treatments in both seasons. I1 treatment gave the highest values, followed by I2 treatment, while I4 treatment recorded the lowest values. The M2 treatment increased the previous parameters as a compared to M1 treatment. The average reduction in grain yield were found to be 3.48, 14.96 and 24.59% with corresponding values of water saved of 6.62, 12.46 and 25.00% when the interval period was prolonged up to 6, 9 and 12-day, respectively. I2 treatment gave the highest values of productivity of irrigation water (PIW) followed by I4 treatment.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88845770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

IMPACT OF FULVIC ACID AND NITRIFICATION INHIBITOR ON WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY AND NO3-N LOSSES IN CLAY SOIL. 黄腐酸和硝化抑制剂对粘土小麦产量和硝态氮损失的影响

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.21608/jenvbs.2019.19806.1074

M. Elsaka, T. Khalifa, Heshm AboElsoud

{"title":"IMPACT OF FULVIC ACID AND NITRIFICATION INHIBITOR ON WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY AND NO3-N LOSSES IN CLAY SOIL.","authors":"M. Elsaka, T. Khalifa, Heshm AboElsoud","doi":"10.21608/jenvbs.2019.19806.1074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jenvbs.2019.19806.1074","url":null,"abstract":"Two field experiments were conducted at Sakha Agric. Res. Station, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt, during two successive seasons (2017/18 and 2018/19) to study the effect of fulvic acid and nitrification inhibitor on NO3 leaching and wheat yield and chemical constituents. A split plot design with three replicates were used with three fulvic acid applied i. e 0, 4.76 and 9.52 kg ha-1 as main plots as well as nitrogen fertilizers as ammonium sulphate (21% N) (with or without nitrification inhibitor (NI)) at rate of 90, 135 and 180 kg N ha-1, in sub-plots. Nitrification inhibitor 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) (EC 1.7 dS m-1and pH 4.4) was applied at 8%. Results indicated that the highest mean values of EC, OM and available NPK were obtained from soil in plots resaved 180 kg N ha-1 with DMPP + 9.52 kg fulvic acid ha-1. The highest mean values of plant height (110.34 and 111.42 cm); 1000-grain weight (55.60 and 61.00 g); grain yield (7.62 and 7.95 Mg ha-1); straw yield (13.64 and 14.02 Mg ha-1); N concentration in grain and straw were (2.09 and 0.84 %, respectively); N content of grain (152.97 and 149.56 kg N ha-1); N content of straw (99.51 and 95.58 kg N ha-1) and total N uptake by wheat (252.49 and 245.14 kg N ha-1) were recorded by 180 kg N ha-1 combined with 8% DMPP + 9.52 kg fulvic acid ha-1 in first and second seasons, respectively.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84211268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Nanobiotechnology for Plants 植物纳米生物技术

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2019-01-11 DOI: 10.21608/JENVBS.2018.6711.1041

Neama Abdalla, M. Ragab, M. Fári, H. El-Ramady, T. Alshaal, N. Elhawat, Mohamed Elmahrouk, A. Elzaawely, Tamer Elsakhawy, A. Omara, H. Taha

{"title":"Nanobiotechnology for Plants","authors":"Neama Abdalla, M. Ragab, M. Fári, H. El-Ramady, T. Alshaal, N. Elhawat, Mohamed Elmahrouk, A. Elzaawely, Tamer Elsakhawy, A. Omara, H. Taha","doi":"10.21608/JENVBS.2018.6711.1041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JENVBS.2018.6711.1041","url":null,"abstract":"NANOTECHNOLOGY has been revolutionized penetrating all sectors in our life through the nanoscience as an essential science for a wide range of technologies. Amazing achievements resulted from this nanotechnology including all agricultural fields such as plant nutrition and crop productivity, energy sector, food sector, and plant biotechnology. A conjugation between plant biotechnology and nanotechnology has been produced an important science called plant bio-nanotechnology. Several fields have been invaded through different nanobiotechnology applications in agriculture including (1) the nanotechnology of encapsulated agro-chemicals, (2) the monitoring of different environmental stresses and crop conditions using nanobiosensors, (3) the improvement of crop production and ameliorating plants against diseases and (4) solution several environmental problems. The crop productivity also could be improved using some new agro-chemicals (e.g., nanofertilizers and nanopesticides). These agro-chemicals are very effective in delivering encapsulating nanomaterials and then enhancement the productivity of crops as well as the suppress plant pests and diseases and protecting the environment from pollution. On the other hand, nanoparticles could enter the food chain via different nano-agrochemicals or nano-processed foods. Therefore, many approaches including uptake of nanoparticles by plants, entry and bio-distribution of nanoparticles into the food chain are needed before using of different bionanotechnological tools in agro-production sector. Further new regulations should be created or re-built for new approaches in plant bionanotechnology. Therefore, this review will focus on our needs and risks in the plant nano-biotechnology.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82884692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Effectiveness of Organic Fertigation and Moringa Leaf Extract Spray as an Alternative to Chemical Fertigation for Improving Yield and Quality of Lettuce under Soilless Condition 有机施肥与辣木叶提取物喷雾替代化学施肥对无土条件下生菜产量和品质的影响

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2019-01-11 DOI: 10.21608/JENVBS.2019.6817.1047

M. Elbagory

{"title":"Effectiveness of Organic Fertigation and Moringa Leaf Extract Spray as an Alternative to Chemical Fertigation for Improving Yield and Quality of Lettuce under Soilless Condition","authors":"M. Elbagory","doi":"10.21608/JENVBS.2019.6817.1047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JENVBS.2019.6817.1047","url":null,"abstract":"*Corresponding author e-mail: melbagory@yahoo.com DOI: 10.21608/JENVBS.2019.6817.1047 ©2017 National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC) TWO experiments were conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Bacteriology Lab greenhouse for studying the effect of fertigation with fish extract organic solution as an alternative to mineral nutrient solution as well as foliar spray with moringa leaf extract on morphological, chemical, microbial characteristics and yield of lettuce plant grown under soilless system during winter seasons of 2014 and 2015. In general, the results indicated that fertigation with the fish extract organic nutrient solution increase all the studied characteristics compared to fertigation with the mineral nutrient solution, except for NO3 content which sharply decreased due to organic nutrition treatment which attained 157.52 and 175.24 (mg plant-1) compared to 497.14 and 476.8 (mg plant-1) for mineral nutrition treatment at 2014 and 2015 seasons, respectively. Similarly, foliar spray with moringa extract with mineral nutrition decreased nitrate content (463.46 and 450.16 mg plant-1) lower than mineral nutrition without spray (497.14 and 476.8 mg plant-1) at 2014 and 2015 seasons, respectively. Therefore, positive results on vegetative growth, chemical characteristics and yield of lettuce plant grown under soilless system by using of fertigation with fish extract organic solution and foliar spray with moringa leaf extract to decrease the nutritive gap and vegetables nitrate pollution problems as well as partially avoid the problem of irrigation water shortage.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86238003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Changeability in Stripe Rust Infection and Grain Yield of Wheat Associated to Climatic Conditions 小麦条锈病与产量的变化与气候条件的关系

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2019-01-11 DOI: 10.21608/JENVBS.2019.6674.1040

I. Draz, S. Esmail, M. Abou-Zeid, Y. Hafez

{"title":"Changeability in Stripe Rust Infection and Grain Yield of Wheat Associated to Climatic Conditions","authors":"I. Draz, S. Esmail, M. Abou-Zeid, Y. Hafez","doi":"10.21608/JENVBS.2019.6674.1040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JENVBS.2019.6674.1040","url":null,"abstract":"STRIPE rust infection caused by Pucciniastrii formis f. sp. tritici was investigated in ten Egyptian wheat cultivars under field conditions during two seasons (2016/17 and 2017/18) at two locations (Sakha and Sids) differ climatologically in Egypt. Variable levels of rust infection followed by a significant reduction in grain weight were recorded at both locations. Stripe rust infections for Sids location (20S - 90S) were higher than those of Sakha location (TrMS - 70S). Average coefficient of infection (ACI) and grain weight loss for Sids location, reaching 90 ACI (Gemmeiza-11) and 23.12% (Giza-160), were higher than those of Sakha location up to 70 ACI and 16.72% in Giza-160. Grain weight loss was strongly associated with ACI among cultivars for both locations, recording r=0.9044 for Sakha location and r=0.8866 for Sids location. Climatic variations were recorded at both locations during the first four months of 2017 and 2018. Rainfall and relative humidity for Sakha location were higher than those of Sids location while wind speed for Sids location was higher than that of Sakha location. Temperatures were relatively close at both locations. ACI values for Sids location were higher than those of Sakha location, revealing correlation with climatic factors. This suggests that wind speed may play an important role in dispersal while relatively heavy rainfall may have opposing effects. The temperature was the main limiting factor for stripe rust infection (negatively associated), followed by relative humidity (positively associated). Our discovery represents a powerful tool for predicting disease infection and management.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77456851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria enhance Onion (Allium cepa L.) productivity and minimize requisite chemical fertilization 植物生长促进根杆菌提高洋葱(Allium cepa L.)的生产力，减少必要的化学施肥

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2019-01-11 DOI: 10.21608/JENVBS.2019.6002.1036

Aida H. Afify, F. Hauka, A. Elsawah

{"title":"Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria enhance Onion (Allium cepa L.) productivity and minimize requisite chemical fertilization","authors":"Aida H. Afify, F. Hauka, A. Elsawah","doi":"10.21608/JENVBS.2019.6002.1036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JENVBS.2019.6002.1036","url":null,"abstract":"A FIELD experiment was carried out on the farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt during the winter season of 2016 to study the effect of bio-fertilization under different level of nitrogen and potassium (75% and 50% from the full dose) on the growth and yield of Onion plants. The obtained results showed that the microbial inoculation leads to a significant increase in growth parameters (foliage heights, number of leaves and dry weights). As well as NPK-contents as responded to all treatments under investigation in all stages of plant growth. The same trend was observed in yield parameters (bulb weights, total bulbs yield, Total soluble solids%, Dry matter% and NPK contents in bulb tissues). The treatment T4 (A. chroococcum + 75 % dose of NK) gave the highest total yield with an increase by 6.19% over the control. Also, the bio-fertilization has a pronounced increase in microbial count in comparison with the mineral fertilization. The obtained results of PGPR effects on growth parameters and yield of onion recommend their use as an alternative tool to reduce chemical fertilizers.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90809373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Management of Charcoal Rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) Infection in Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L) Using Biocontrol Agents and Essential Oils 生物防治剂和精油对天竺葵炭腐病的防治

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2019-01-11 DOI: 10.21608/JENVBS.2018.6399.1039

Azza A. Ghazi, E. Attia, N. Rashed

{"title":"Management of Charcoal Rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) Infection in Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L) Using Biocontrol Agents and Essential Oils","authors":"Azza A. Ghazi, E. Attia, N. Rashed","doi":"10.21608/JENVBS.2018.6399.1039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JENVBS.2018.6399.1039","url":null,"abstract":"IN a trial to control charcoal rot disease (Macrophomina phaseolina) in geranium using ecofriendly strategies, antagonistic microbes and essential oils were used. the treatments included three bacterial isolates, Bacillus polymixa, B. circulance, B. Subtilis and one fungus Tricoderma harzianum in addition to five essential oils, (Syzygium aromaticum(cloves), Ocimum basilicum L. (basil), Mentha spicata (Spearmint), Majorana hortensis Moench (Marjoram) and Mentha piperita L. (Peppermint). The in vitro antagonistic effect of microbial isolates and essential oils against M. phaseolina isolated from infected geranium was estimated in Petri plats, The essential oils were used in three concentrations 1, 3 and 5 microliter/plate. the most promising treatments were applied in an artificially infested geranium in a greenhouse experiment along two growing seasons of 2017, 2018. The in vitro screening step indicated that among the treatments, Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum were the most promising microbes against the fungal pathogen under study using the dual culture technique. On the other hand, Peppermint oil recorded the highest reduction in radial growth of pathogen followed by Basil oil while Marjoram oil had no effect on the growth of pathogen. The green house experiment showed that, most treatments were efficient in pathogenicity reduction but the microbial treatment exhibited an advantage over essential oil where growth and yield parameters were sharply improved. The maximum enhancement was attained at T5 treatment (infested + dipping for 30 min before planting and spraying with T. harzianum after every cutting process) at all cuts during 2017 and 2018 seasons. Also, T. harzianum increased oil %, which recorded 0.45, 0.30 and 0.38% at 2017 season and 0.47, 0.31 and 0.39% at 2018 season for 1st, 2nd and 3rd cut respectively. Therefore, microbial and essential oil treatments not only reduced the fungal infection but also enhanced vegetative growth of geranium plants.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":"205 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76963515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Soil Biodiversity and Its Security: A Holistic Approach 土壤生物多样性及其安全:一个整体的方法

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.21608/jenvbs.2017.856.1000

H. El-Ramady, T. Alshaal

引用次数: 0