Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security最新文献

Community voices on climate, peace and security: A social learning approach to programming environmental peacebuilding 社区在气候、和平与安全问题上的声音:环境建设和平方案的社会学习方法

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1177/27538796231207030

Leonardo Medina, Marisa O. Ensor, Frans Schapendonk, Stefan Sieber, Grazia Pacillo, Peter Laderach, Jon Hellin, Michelle Bonatti

{"title":"Community voices on climate, peace and security: A social learning approach to programming environmental peacebuilding","authors":"Leonardo Medina, Marisa O. Ensor, Frans Schapendonk, Stefan Sieber, Grazia Pacillo, Peter Laderach, Jon Hellin, Michelle Bonatti","doi":"10.1177/27538796231207030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538796231207030","url":null,"abstract":"Approaches to operationalising the linkages between climate, peace and security are increasingly demanded by international organisations. Yet, there is a limited understanding of what effective programming practices that address climate-related security risks entail. Critical voices argue that programme designs often rely on analyses that ignore structural and cultural realities on the ground, leading to technocratic understandings of risks, and prescriptions for action that do not relate to people’s experiences, perceptions and values. Advised by social learning theory, this study developed and evaluated a participatory appraisal method to guide the design of environmental peacebuilding programming strategies meant to address climate-related security risks. The method was evaluated across nine rural locations in Kenya, Senegal and Guatemala, involving 221 participants. Based on a critical evaluation of the method, opportunities and challenges for the use of social learning approaches to advise environmental peacebuilding programming are discussed. Results indicate that appraisal processes of collective reflection can support jointly articulated and context-relevant understandings of climate-related security risks. This shared knowledge can then support local communities in the design of climate adaptation strategies that potentially contribute to sustainable peacebuilding. Settings characterised by low political legitimacy and the unwillingness of conflictive actors to engage in dialogue are identified as barriers for the development of feasible programming strategies.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135137600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interventions addressing conflict in communities hosting climate-influenced migrants: Literature review 应对气候影响移民所在社区冲突的干预措施:文献综述

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1177/27538796231207919

Linlang He, Elizabeth Kreske, Stephanie J Nawyn, Amber L Pearson, Mark Axelrod, Yadu Pokhrel, Stephen Gasteyer, Sean Lawrie, Anthony D Kendall

{"title":"Interventions addressing conflict in communities hosting climate-influenced migrants: Literature review","authors":"Linlang He, Elizabeth Kreske, Stephanie J Nawyn, Amber L Pearson, Mark Axelrod, Yadu Pokhrel, Stephen Gasteyer, Sean Lawrie, Anthony D Kendall","doi":"10.1177/27538796231207919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538796231207919","url":null,"abstract":"Existing scholarship hypothesizes a causal chain from climate change to resource availability constraints, to forced migration and conflict risks. Limited research, however, synthesizes findings about the efficacy of interventions to alleviate resources conflict in communities hosting climate migrants. This systematic literature review identified and analyzed 33 studies that explore interventions contributing to climate conflict resolution and environmental peacebuilding in receiving and migrant communities. Despite limitations of current research, the review shows that multi-scale and cross-sectoral interventions are necessary though challenging to establish. Community-level initiatives and local support networks that create social capital are key interventions leading from conflict to cooperation between climate-driven migrants and host communities. However, such interventions often require external resources that come with strings attached. Our analysis also identifies gaps in the extant literature. First, few scholars explore how adaptive capacity—especially influenced by power relations among stakeholders in newly formed communities—evolves over time in response to multiple repeated threat factors. Second, there is limited research on whether and how external interventions can help climate refugees gain access rights to natural resources for long-term conflict avoidance. Finally, there is a lack of community-based performance evaluation metrics to assess long or short-term impacts of interventions.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135186696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Protection of the environment in relation to armed conflict—50 years of effort, and no end in sight 保护与武装冲突有关的环境——五十年的努力，看不到尽头

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/27538796231195601

Michael Bothe

{"title":"Protection of the environment in relation to armed conflict—50 years of effort, and no end in sight","authors":"Michael Bothe","doi":"10.1177/27538796231195601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538796231195601","url":null,"abstract":"The debate about environmental protection in relation to armed conflict began around 1970 due to the meeting of two political movements: on the one hand, becoming aware of the environmental problem including concern for future generations and, on the other, a need to develop the law of armed conflict, filling some loopholes left by the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and reflecting experiences of conflicts which had happened since that time. There was (and is) a tension between the military interest of winning a war and the environmental interest of preserving the planet for future generations. Protocol I additional to the Geneva Convention adopted in 1977 constituted a victory for the military interest by defining the threshold of impermissible environmental damage in a way which is a far cry from satisfying the need of environmental preservation. But a lively discourse had started which has brought progress, but is far from yielding satisfactory final results. Major elements are the application of the rules concerning the protection of the civilian population and civilian objects to environmental protection, the principle of due regard for the environment, the recognized need to establish zones protected for the sake of environmental preservation, intensive activities of environmental fact-finding, the challenge of maintaining necessary environmental governance under the condition of armed conflict and environmental restoration as part of peacebuilding after the conflict.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80833820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climate change and homeland security nexus: Proposal for a comprehensive conceptual framework 气候变化和国土安全关系:一个综合概念框架的建议

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.1177/27538796231191719

Jeremiah O. Asaka

{"title":"Climate change and homeland security nexus: Proposal for a comprehensive conceptual framework","authors":"Jeremiah O. Asaka","doi":"10.1177/27538796231191719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538796231191719","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is a significant security concern in the 21st century. This study is specifically focused on the interplay between climate change and domestic security within the U.S. context but is of relevance to other countries that are vulnerable to climate change impacts. The study comparatively explores mainstream environmental security literature and U.S. homeland security academic literature on climate-security nexus and establishes three things as follows. First, there is a relatively small but growing body of literature that explores the nexus between climate change and U.S. homeland security. Second, contemporary homeland security academic literature primarily frames climate change as a threat multiplier but does not account for maladaptation, which this article argues is a key aspect of the climate-security nexus including within the U.S. context. Third, maladaptation is already increasingly being accounted for within mainstream environmental security literature in addition to the threat multiplier aspect of the nexus. The article advances knowledge on climate-security nexus within homeland security field by proposing a comprehensive conceptual framework that would enable U.S. homeland security academics to account for both threat multiplier and maladaptation aspects of the climate change problem in their analysis. The article concludes with recommendations for future research.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84368477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Positive peace and environmental sustainability: Local evidence from Afghanistan and Nepal 积极的和平与环境可持续性:来自阿富汗和尼泊尔的当地证据

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2023-07-29 DOI: 10.1177/27538796231185677

Dahlia Simangan, S. Bose, J. Candelaria, Florian Krampe, Shinji Kaneko

{"title":"Positive peace and environmental sustainability: Local evidence from Afghanistan and Nepal","authors":"Dahlia Simangan, S. Bose, J. Candelaria, Florian Krampe, Shinji Kaneko","doi":"10.1177/27538796231185677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538796231185677","url":null,"abstract":"Climate and other forms of global environmental change are transforming the security landscape where peace and conflict manifest. Given that most studies on the relationship between peace and the environment focus on (the absence of) violent conflicts or negative peace, this study seeks to identify environmental security issues at the local or community levels using the concept of positive peace. A thematic analysis of focus group discussions from Afghanistan and Nepal, two countries with histories of violent conflict and vulnerable to climate change, reveals non-violent security issues that could undermine resilience to conflict and environmental change. In Afghanistan, local communities view poor water quality and inequitable water distribution as outstanding issues related to government inaction. In Nepal, local communities perceive threats of wild animals and agricultural problems as prominent issues linked to inadequate government support. These findings confirm the value of positive peace in illuminating and contextualizing the relationship between peace and environmental sustainability. This integrated framework can contribute to a more holistic approach toward climate security and environmental peacebuilding.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79308440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Beyond greenwashing: Prioritizing environmental justice in conflict-affected settings 超越“漂绿”:在受冲突影响的环境中优先考虑环境正义

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2023-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/27538796231186697

A. Ben-Shmuel, S. Halle

引用次数: 0

Climate finance, conflict and gender—Benchmarking women’s empowerment and sustaining peace 气候融资、冲突和性别平等——以妇女赋权和维持和平为基准

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2023-07-16 DOI: 10.1177/27538796231184933

Catherine Wong

{"title":"Climate finance, conflict and gender—Benchmarking women’s empowerment and sustaining peace","authors":"Catherine Wong","doi":"10.1177/27538796231184933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538796231184933","url":null,"abstract":"The intersection of knowledge and practice in climate finance, peace, and women’s empowerment remains understudied even though the aspirations of climate and peacebuilding finance on gender mainstreaming and women’s empowerment are actually well aligned. They have in common, an emphasis on the undervalued role of women, the importance of women assuming leadership roles, the elevated agency that finance would afford in, respectively, climate action and sustaining peace, and the full participation of women. At a fundamental level, there is a strong inherent understanding of women’s role in natural resource governance and stewardship that cuts across both the normative framings of climate and peacebuilding finance. Climate financing mechanisms such as the “vertical funds” have over the years introduced sophisticated performance metrics for gender and women’s empowerment, but none to address conflict or fragility. The key gap as highlighted by UNDP is the understanding of the peace co-benefits of climate finance, which means that women in conflict settings may be left behind. This article examines progress on gender and climate finance; the gaps in access by conflict and fragility-affected regions; the benchmarking of climate finance and peace mainstreaming; and a comparative approach for greater cross-fertilization.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86607486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cyclones and violence against civilians: Evidence from the Cabo Delgado insurgency 飓风和针对平民的暴力:来自德尔加多角叛乱的证据

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2023-07-08 DOI: 10.1177/27538796231185188

Benjamin E. Bagozzi, Thomas S. Benson, Ore Koren

引用次数: 0

Interview with Christophe Hodder, the United Nations Climate Security and Environmental Advisor to Somalia, United Nations Environment Programme 采访联合国环境规划署联合国气候安全和索马里环境顾问克里斯托夫·霍德

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1177/27538796231181962

Joshua W. Busby

引用次数: 0

Can peace operations mitigate the effect of armed conflict on malnutrition? Evidence from Côte d’Ivoire 和平行动能否减轻武装冲突对营养不良的影响?证据来自Côte d ' ivire

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security Pub Date : 2023-05-26 DOI: 10.1177/27538796231177152

K. Beardsley, Jessica Beardsley

{"title":"Can peace operations mitigate the effect of armed conflict on malnutrition? Evidence from Côte d’Ivoire","authors":"K. Beardsley, Jessica Beardsley","doi":"10.1177/27538796231177152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538796231177152","url":null,"abstract":"Armed conflict increases food insecurity leading to malnutrition especially in women, but can peace operations mitigate the increased prevalence of malnutrition in conflict zones? This study uses women’s nutrition outcomes—key indicators of societal health and peace potential in a community—as a lens through which one can understand downstream, long-term, consequences of exposures to violence both with and without the presence of United Nations peacekeepers. Comparing data of adult women in Côte d’Ivoire from the Demographic and Health Surveys, across two waves that cover pre-conflict and post-conflict periods, shows that peace-operation deployments mitigated the relationship between conflict and malnutrition. Exposure to armed conflict in the absence of peace operations is associated with an increased propensity for underweight, while exposure to armed conflict in the presence of peacekeeping troops is not associated with an increased propensity for underweight. A cross-national analysis using data from the Food and Agriculture Organization also confirms that food security, as well as cereal and meat production, in the wake of conflict improves with peace-operation deployments.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91321902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0