Environmental Technology & Innovation最新文献

{"title":"Phosphoric acid modified biochar enhanced heavy metals passivation via accelerating humification and bioremediation in sewage sludge composting","authors":"Xiuwen Qiu ,&nbsp;Mengting Feng ,&nbsp;Ruixu Chen ,&nbsp;Jiajia Chen ,&nbsp;Xiangrong Zheng ,&nbsp;Xia Mao ,&nbsp;Wei Song ,&nbsp;Guixiang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of phosphoric acid modified coconut shell biochar (PMB) on humification parameters, heavy metals bioavailability, and the structure and metabolism of bacterial community during sewage sludge composting. The results indicated that PMB addition decreased the polyphenols content and increased polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and laccase activity. At the end of composting, the humic acid (HA) concentration of PMB treatment rose by 22.19 %, and the degree of polymerization and humification index (HIX) also increased significantly, compared with control (CK) treatment. In addition, the bioavailable contents of Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in PMB were significantly lower than CK, which decreased by 19.32 %, 35.28 %, 39.72 %, 41.99 %, 36.28 % and 32.27 %, respectively. The addition of PMB enhanced the richness and diversity of bacterial community. The abundances of sequences associated with carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism and lipid metabolism in PMB were consistently higher than that in CK. Correlation analysis showed that <em>Streptomyces</em>, <em>Bacillus</em>, <em>Pseudomonas</em> and <em>Taibaiella</em> were significantly positively associated with heavy metals passivation and HA formation. These findings suggested that PMB promoted organic matter decomposition and HA formation, and decreased bioavailability of heavy metals by promoting bacterial bioremediation and HA absorption and complexation. Therefore, the addition of PMB is a suitable strategy to mitigate the environmental risk of heavy metals in sewage sludge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 104275"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of co-inoculation with Bradyrhizobium and Trichoderma harzianum on soybean nitrogen nutrition and multispectral traits","authors":"Sanja Kajić ,&nbsp;Lana Živković ,&nbsp;Boris Lazerević ,&nbsp;Petra Borovec ,&nbsp;Adrijana Novak ,&nbsp;Botagoz Mutaliyeva ,&nbsp;Tamila Turebayeva ,&nbsp;Galyia Madybekova ,&nbsp;Marko Vinceković","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the potential of co-encapsulated native <em>Bradyrhizobium</em> spp. strains and <em>Trichoderma harzianum</em> T1, delivered via biodegradable microparticles, to enhance growth, nitrogen uptake, and physiological performance in soybean (<em>Glycine max</em> L.). The microbial consortium was applied to soybean roots to assess synergistic effects on biological nitrogen fixation and plant development. Native <em>Bradyrhizobium</em> strains exhibited high tolerance to environmental stressors, including elevated temperatures, low pH, and salinity, and all produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), supporting their role as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. The most effective strains in improving nitrogen content were S1, S2, and S3, while S5, S4, and S3 were most effective in promoting dry biomass accumulation. Inoculation with <em>T. harzianum</em> increased shoot nitrogen content by an average of 0.2 % over rhizobial-only treatments. Co-inoculation with <em>T. harzianum</em> and specific rhizobial strains (S1, S4, S6) led to synergistic effects, significantly enhancing plant dry weight, nodule biomass, and multispectral traits. Multispectral imaging, combined with principal component analysis, revealed treatment-specific physiological responses that were not evident from biomass or nitrogen measurements alone, highlighting its sensitivity in detecting microbial effects on plant health. These findings support the application of encapsulated microbial consortia as a sustainable strategy to improve soybean productivity under diverse environmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 104274"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of soil microbial communities and diversity in typical coastal wetlands along a succession gradient: Implications for reconstructing the long-term evolution of coastal wetlands","authors":"Xiao Huang ,&nbsp;Ze He ,&nbsp;Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Fenghua Wang ,&nbsp;Ziying Zheng ,&nbsp;Yutao Zuo ,&nbsp;Yihang Cao ,&nbsp;Xiaomeng Yao ,&nbsp;Zijing She ,&nbsp;Yawen Ge ,&nbsp;Yuecong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To more precisely reconstruct the long-term evolutionary processes of coastal wetlands in the past using microbial deposition records, it is essential to differentiate various types of coastal wetlands along sea-land gradients based on their community and diversity characteristics, and to identify the primary factors influencing them. In this study, based on high-throughput sequencing technology, we revealed the microbial community composition and diversity characteristics of four major coastal wetlands in Bohai Bay, including Lagoon &amp; Estuary (L&amp;E), <em>Suaeda</em> (SU), Freshwater-<em>Phragmites</em> (F-P), and Freshwater-Weeds (F-W), and discussed their relationship with environmental factors. The results showed that dominant microbial communities had clear indicative significance for corresponding wetlands. In the L&amp;E wetlands, the microbial communities are characterized by dominant taxa spanning multiple taxonomic ranks: Desulfobacterota, Gammaproteobacteria, and Desulfuromonadia. In SU wetlands, the indicator taxa comprised Flavobacteriales, Balneolales, and Planococcaceae. In F-P wetlands, the differentially abundant taxa included Acidobacteriota, Myxococcota, Gemmatimonadota, and Planctomycetota. Salinity and vegetation cover were the most important factors affecting soil microbial composition in Bohai Bay coastal wetlands. F-P wetlands had the highest richness and evenness of microbial species, followed by L&amp;E, F-W, and SU wetlands. Na⁺ and Cr contents were negatively correlated with microbial diversity, while vegetation cover, TOC and P contents were positively correlated with microbial diversity. Our study emphasized the significance of understanding the relationship between microbial community composition and environmental factors in different wetlands in Bohai Bay, and lay a foundation for wetland biodiversity conservation and reconstruction of past ecosystem succession processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 104263"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating real time control strategies for UV water treatment pump systems","authors":"Said Riahi ,&nbsp;Naoufel Zitouni ,&nbsp;Rim Attafi ,&nbsp;Habib Kraiem ,&nbsp;Aymen Flah ,&nbsp;Ahmad A. Mousa ,&nbsp;Claude Ziad El-Bayeh","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of water treatment using ultraviolet radiation is to disrupt the development and multiplication of microorganisms byinhibiting their growth and reproduction. Ultraviolet treatment has emerged as a cost-effective solution for producing clean and potable water of optimal quality, especially in regions where access is challenging and critical. UV water treatment is a sophisticated process that necessitates the collaboration of multidisciplinary teams to address scientific aspects. The implementation of control systems faces challenges, including non-linearity, uncertainty, and latency. Given the significance of water treatment through UV radiation and the imperative to ensure water quality, it is crucial to control both the lamp intensity (UVDose) and the water flow. The main objective of this article is to implement a sliding mode control law and state feedback for the motor of the centrifugal pump using the Bond Graph approach. The aim is to regulate the motor speed and, consequently, the water flow rate. This enables the influencing of the bacteriological attack time of the water, where the exposure time of water to the UV lamp determines the treatment result. The experimental results obtained, along with a comparative study, have allowed us to emphasize the robustness of sliding mode control in comparison to state feedback control. These studies were conducted following parametric variations applied to the different parameters of the motor pump. Design of the UV water treatment system powered by a photovoltaic source</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 104258"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochar-based controlled-release ammonium phosphate fertilizer: Synthesis and impact on soil nutrient dynamics, wheat growth, and yield under controlled conditions","authors":"Sebastián Meier ,&nbsp;Pedro M. de Souza Campos ,&nbsp;Rubén Palma-Millanao ,&nbsp;Natalia Rojas ,&nbsp;María-Eugenia González ,&nbsp;Sigrid Muñoz ,&nbsp;Gabrijel Ondrasek ,&nbsp;Khan Naser ,&nbsp;Juan Hirzel ,&nbsp;Alex Seguel","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current agricultural practices prioritize increasing crop yields through extensive fertilizer use. However, overreliance on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizers has led to environmental degradation, including eutrophication and inefficient nutrient use, raising sustainability concerns. This study aims to develop a biochar-supported controlled-release fertilizer (BAPF) containing N and P, and evaluate its impact on soil nutrient dynamics, nutrient recovery, plant growth, and yield. BAPF was synthesized by impregnating biochar derived from oat hulls with urea and diammonium phosphate. An eight-week soil incubation experiment compared nutrient release dynamics between BAPF, conventional fertilizers (CF), oat hull biochar (OHB), and a control (CT). BAPF demonstrated consistent nutrient release, maintaining higher N and P availability over time than CF. By day 60, total N concentration in the BAPF treatment was 6 % higher than CF, while P availability was consistently 20 % higher. BAPF also exhibited lower ammonification rates compared to unfertilized treatments, while nitrification rates were 2.6 times greater compared to OHB and CT, demonstrating enhanced nitrogen conversion efficiency. In a greenhouse trial using spring wheat as a model plant, BAPF improved growth, nutrient uptake, and grain yield compared to CF, OHB, and CT. Total biomass and grain yield increased by approximately 15 % relative to CF, and nutrient recovery rates were significantly higher, with N apparent recovery (ARN) of 55.0 % compared to 36.5 % for CF. Additionally, the apparent P recovery rose from 8.9 % in CF to 18.5 % in BAPF. The findings suggest that BAPF improves nutrient use efficiency and enhances grain productivity compared to conventional methods. Its controlled-release properties lead to longer nutrient availability, better nutrient recovery, and increased crop productivity, even in high P-fixing soils. Therefore, BAPF offers an effective alternative to reduce reliance on synthetic fertilizers, enhancing sustainability in agricultural systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 104269"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solar light-responsive g-C₃N₄ and Ni₁₋ₓMnₓCo₂₋ᵧFeᵧO₄ composites for rapid dye degradation and phytotoxicity evaluation","authors":"Aqsa Naz ,&nbsp;Ismat Bibi ,&nbsp;Farah Kanwal ,&nbsp;Norah Alwadai ,&nbsp;Munawar Iqbal","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of Ni_1-xMn_xCo_2-yFe_yO₄/g-C₃N₄ composites were prepared by co-precipitation and ultra-sonication approaches and the effect of Mn and Fe substitution and g-C₃N₄ addition was explored based on structural, dielectric, ferroelectric, optical and photocatalytic properties. The X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the formation of a cubic structure with a particle size range of 28–35 nm of cobaltites (spinel structure). The grain size enhancement through Mn and Fe substitution was observed and the dielectric constant decreased as the frequency increased. The tangent loss was used to measure the energy loss in dielectric relaxation. The P-E loop shows enhanced coercivity (12.25 kV/cm), saturation polarization (7.72 ×10⁻³ Ps (μC/cm²) and remnant polarization (7.6 ×10⁻³ μC/cm²) for highly substituted nanocomposite. The PL analysis revealed the low recombination rate of h⁺-e^- and bandgap declined from 1.62 to 1.16 eV for the highly substituted NiCo₂O₄/g-C₃N₄ nanocomposite. Crystal violet dye was degraded under solar light exposure and Ni_1-xMn_xCo_2-yFe_yO₄/g-C₃N₄ exhibited a higher photocatalytic performance versus NiCo₂O₄/g-C₃N₄. The recyclability and reusability of the nanocomposite were assessed and the Ni_1-xMn_xCo_2-yFe_yO₄/g-C₃N₄ showed promising stability. The <em>Zea mays</em> germination (%), root length (cm) and shoot length (cm) were compared, and the treated dye revealed significantly lower phytotoxicity versus the untreated dye solution. Results revealed that the Ni_1-xMn_xCo_2-yFe_yO₄/g-C₃N₄ composites have the potential for photocatalytic applications under solar light irradiation, which will make the process more economical versus other photocatalytic processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 104254"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial-driven soil remediation: Comparative analysis of seven microbial agents on alachlor degradation rates and tobacco phytotoxicity recovery","authors":"Ling Liu ,&nbsp;Yu Xiang ,&nbsp;Jianling Liu ,&nbsp;Guangbin Wu ,&nbsp;Yonggang Ren ,&nbsp;Zhibo Chen ,&nbsp;Yuping Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of alachlor residue in soil has been demonstrated to exert a deleterious effect on the subsequent cultivation of crops, resulting in substantial impairment to agricultural output. Application of alachlor at twice the recommended dose notably inhibited tobacco growth, reducing plant height to 39.68 % of the control, stem girth to 40.06 %, maximum leaf length to 45.52 %, and maximum leaf width to 42.05 %. A total of seven functional microbial agents were screened for their potential to alleviate tobacco phytotoxicity. Results demonstrated that two microbial agents, <em>Purpureocillium lilacinum</em> (PL) and <em>Pseudomonas fluorescens</em> (PF), significantly alleviated toxicity, enhancing plant height, stem girth, and leaf expansion (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001 or <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). This study also developed and validated an efficient method for detecting alachlor in soil, demonstrating excellent linearity (R² &gt; 0.99) with recoveries ranging from 88.98 % to 93.60 %, a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.0005 mg/kg, and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.02 mg/kg. The degradation efficiency of alachlor varied among microbial agents, with PL and PF exhibiting the highest degradation rates of 93.50 ± 0.69 % and 90.80 ± 1.02 % at 70 days post-application. Microbial diversity analysis showed that PL and PF treatments increased the abundance of Actinobacteria and specific microbial genera, which facilitated alachlor degradation and improved soil ecological conditions. These findings suggest that PL and PF hold significant potential to accelerate alachlor degradation, alleviate alachlor toxicity, and enhance soil health, offering valuable insights for farmland pollution remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 104264"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutral initial pH enhances the formation of humic acid by inhibiting the growth of Lactobacillus in food waste composting","authors":"Min Xu ,&nbsp;Yuquan Wei ,&nbsp;Yunfeng Chen ,&nbsp;Haibin Zhou ,&nbsp;Shuangshuang Ma ,&nbsp;Yabin Zhan","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Composting was the main way to treat food waste and achieve its resource utilization, but the fermentation of food waste could easily produce acid, which affects the microbial community of composting. As of now, the impact of this process on humification was still unclear. This study investigated the effects of initial pH on humic acid formation during food waste (FW) composting, as well as the microbial regulatory mechanisms under pH conditions of 5.0, 6.0 and 7.0. Our study investigated that adjusting the initial pH to 6.6, especially in 7.0, promoted total organic carbon degradation and compost maturation, as indicated by germination index and decreased electrical conductivity. However, higher pH levels also increased total nitrogen loss. Adjusting the pH to 6.0 or 7.0 facilitated the conversion of reducing sugars, amino acids and polyphenols into humic acid and promoted the formation of complex HA components. Our results also indicated that pH regulation inhibited <em>Lactobacillus</em> growth, reshaped bacterial composition, influenced amino acid and polyphenol dynamics, and ultimately enhanced humic acid formation in initial pH of 6.0, especially in initial pH 7.0. From a cost perspective, it was recommended to adjust the initial pH of food waste to 6.0 for composting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 104271"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable biocementation of mine tailings: Reduction of urea requirements through bicarbonate-based MICP","authors":"Héctor Zúñiga-Barra ,&nbsp;Camila Pardo-Vásquez ,&nbsp;Edgar Velastegui ,&nbsp;Jimmy Anderson Martínez-Ruano ,&nbsp;Mariella Rivas ,&nbsp;David Jeison","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) has emerged as a promising technique to contribute to a more sustainable management of mine tailings deposits. While ureolytic activity has been the predominant driver of conventional MICP to date, the associated release of ammonia poses significant environmental hazards. This study explores a novel, environmentally friendly approach by replacing urea with sodium bicarbonate as the carbon source for MICP, with the aim of reducing urea requirements and thus ammonia release. Leveraging the principles of the MICP, it was observed that when urea concentration was reduced to 0.7 M, by replacing it with bicarbonate, surface strength was close to 400 kPa. Furthermore, wind tunnel testing showed a significant reduction in dust emission, where the mass loss rate of the biocemented sample was below 10 kg m⁻² h⁻¹, which means a 9-fold reduction compared to untreated samples. So, it was demonstrated that bicarbonate can effectively replace urea, achieving a relevant reduction of up to 75 % in urea use without compromising the surface strength of the biocemented tailings and reducing the environmental hazards of ammonia release. These results highlight the potential of bicarbonate-based MICP as an innovative and sustainable approach to mitigate the environmental impacts associated with tailings deposits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 104255"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impacts of aeration modes and rates on nitrogen conversion and bacterial community composition in a 90-m3 silo composting reactor","authors":"Pengxiang Xu ,&nbsp;Shaoqi Xu ,&nbsp;Yuquan Wei ,&nbsp;Yongdi Liu ,&nbsp;Sheng Hang ,&nbsp;Yue Wang ,&nbsp;Longli Zhang ,&nbsp;Ji Li","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The silo composting reactor is applicable for the in-situ treatment of organic waste. Ensuring an adequate supply of oxygen can enhance the compost maturity. This study investigated the effects of aeration modes and rates on composting effectiveness and nitrogen conversion. The 24 h uninterrupted aeration mode (K60T0) was conductive to achieving an elevated temperature of 78 °C. The germination index value in the lower layer consistently exceeded 80 % with different aeration modes. The content of total nitrogen (excluding K60T0) and ammonia nitrogen increased progressively with the increase of aeration time. Meanwhile, nitrate nitrogen content exhibited fluctuations, with the lowest content observed in the middle layer. An aeration cycle of 50 min followed by a 10-min pause within an hour resulted in the highest amide nitrogen content of 5.93 g/kg and organic nitrogen content of 2 % in the upper layer. The dominant phylum and genera were <em>Firmicutes</em> and <em>Ureibacillus</em>, respectively. The relative abundance of <em>Firmicutes</em> initially decreased and then increased in general with prolonged aeration time. Additionally, the extension of aeration time altered the nitrogen cycling function within the reactor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 104265"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}