Environmental Technology & Innovation最新文献

{"title":"Enhancement and modelling of caesium and strontium adsorption behaviour on natural and activated bentonite","authors":"Alaaeldine Sh. Saleh ,&nbsp;Oluwasola O.D. Afolabi","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2024.103937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2024.103937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the efficacy of bentonite in its natural and activated form via a newly developed activation process to sequester Cs and Sr – two hazardous radiotoxic pollutants – from aqueous solution. The elemental and mineralogical composition, morphology, and surface area of natural and activated bentonite were studied. Then, batch adsorption experiments of Cs and Sr on bentonite were conducted as a function of solid:liquid ratio, pH, Cs and Sr concentrations. Sr adsorption was largely affected by pH, while Cs was slightly influenced. At environmentally relevant pH, neutral to weakly alkaline, the distribution ratios, <em>R</em>_<em>d</em>, of both Cs and Sr adsorption on activated bentonite were mostly larger than those on natural bentonite by ∼50 %. Spectroscopic characterisation and batch studies were combined to discuss the observed experimental results. Cs and Sr showed different adsorption mechanisms. Cs was predominantly adsorbed on bentonite via ion exchange, while Sr adsorption could be mainly attributed to electrostatic interactions. Activated bentonite showed a larger adsorption capacity than natural bentonite, and the data were well-fitted to adsorption isotherm models. The model adsorption capacities of Cs and Sr on activated bentonite were 7.28 and 8.51 mg/g, respectively. Finally, the adsorption performance of both bentonite forms was found to decrease in saline solutions, with activated bentonite persistently showing more adsorption than natural bentonite. The findings of this study contribute towards developing effective activated bentonite with improved adsorption capacities. This bears significance in limiting radionuclide migration from storage repositories, reducing transportable radioactive material volumes, and minimising pollution risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 103937"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Streptomyces sp. 30702 composite chitosan alleviates continuous cropping obstacles in Chinese yam by improving rhizospheric soil microbial environment: A field study in Hainan","authors":"Heling Fan ,&nbsp;Rongping Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianming Lu ,&nbsp;Mingqing Fu ,&nbsp;Abdul Waheed ,&nbsp;Xin Liu ,&nbsp;Jianbang Zhou ,&nbsp;Syed Majid Rasheed ,&nbsp;Min Li ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2024.103936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2024.103936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Yam is a vital medicinal plant, yet its cultivation faces increasing challenges, particularly due to pathogenic diseases linked to continuous cropping obstacles. This study examines the effects of <em>Streptomyces sp.</em> 30702 and Chitosan on anthracnose and soil microbial communities across four treatment groups: CK (control), SP (<em>Streptomyces</em> sp. 30702), CTS (chitosan), and SC (combined <em>Streptomyces</em> sp<em>.</em> 30702 and Chitosan) within a continuous yam cropping system. The yam was watered every 20 days with 0.25 g plant⁻¹ of chitosan and 4.2 × 10⁵ CFU plant⁻¹ of <em>Streptomyces</em> sp. 30702. Notably, the SC treatment significantly reduced the disease index by 41.31 %, cut root-knot nematode populations by 95.40 %, and boosted yield by 205.45 % compared to CK (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). SC treatment also increased soil levels of available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and urease activity. High-throughput sequencing highlighted the dominance of three bacterial phyla (Acidobacteriota, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteriota) and three fungal phyla (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and unidentified Fungi) at harvest. At the bacterial genus level, <em>Bacillus</em> showed a significant increase in SC compared to CK, while LEfSe analysis identified five marker microorganisms in CTS (including Flavobacterium) and four in SC at the fungal genus level. Importantly, SC management reduced the relative abundance of <em>Colletotrichum</em>, the primary cause of anthracnose, by 42.27 % compared to CK. In the Hainan yam continuous cropping system, four Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) were identified as bacterial connectors, two as module hubs, and two as fungal connectors, underscoring their roles in decomposition and environmental adaptability. The results of the Redundancy Analysis (RDA) indicate that available phosphorus in the soil significantly affects the composition of bacterial and fungal communities, with the greatest influence. Additionally, available potassium, available nitrogen, and root-knot nematodes significantly influence the bacterial community, while available nitrogen and root-knot nematodes significantly affect the fungal community (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Overall, the combination of <em>Streptomyces</em> sp. 30702 and chitosan proved to be an effective bio-agent duo, regulating soil microbial communities, reducing anthracnose, and providing a theoretical basis for addressing continuous cropping challenges in yam cultivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 103936"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosorption of hexavalent chromium in aqueous solution by Bacillus cereus","authors":"Ahmad Razi Othman ,&nbsp;Muhammad Fauzul Imron ,&nbsp;Nur ‘Izzati Ismail ,&nbsp;Mohd Aidil Kamaruzzaman ,&nbsp;Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah ,&nbsp;Israa Abdulwahab Al-Baldawi ,&nbsp;Setyo Budi Kurniawan ,&nbsp;Hajjar Hartini Wan Jusoh ,&nbsp;Azimah Ismail ,&nbsp;Hassimi Abu Hasan","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hexavalent chromium is one of the toxic metals in water pollution. This study is aimed at analyzing the involvement of chromium reductase and biosorption potential in chromium-resistant species of <em>Bacillus cereus.</em> A total of 10 % (v/v) of <em>B. cereus</em> biomass was inoculated into a 90 mL chromium-contaminated solution with an initial concentration of 60 mg/L. Biomass digestion was carried out every day for a 5-day treatment period for chromium content analysis, while biomass characterization was carried out at the end of the treatment period, comparing the exposed vs. non-exposed bacteria. Results indicated that the highest chromium removal (16.12 ± 0.63 %) was obtained on day 3, while the maximum biosorption capacity was obtained on day 1, reaching 0.461 ± 0.02 mg Cr/g dry cell of biomass. XRD showed the crystalline structure of the bacteria cell after being exposed to chromium, suggesting that interactions between polysaccharides and proteins in the membrane may occur during the treatment. In addition, FT-IR spectra also showed decreasing peaks and the involvement of hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl, and nitroxide groups during the treatment. SEM-EDX results indicated that bacteria are experiencing cell structure alteration with more intense chromium spectra on the surface, while TEM images showed endospore formation by <em>B. cereus</em> under adverse environmental conditions. This study suggested that the removal of hexavalent chromium by <em>B. cereus</em> might be dominant via biosorption (translocated into cell biomass).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 104015"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen-loaded biochar for environmental management: Enhancing nitrogen utilization balance in farmland, mitigating ammonia volatilization, and improving fertilizer efficiency","authors":"Hongyang Chen ,&nbsp;Hanmi Zhou ,&nbsp;Yang Sun ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Liu ,&nbsp;Qi Wu ,&nbsp;Daocai Chi","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2024.104006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2024.104006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although biochar was widely applied to improve crop yield, it can also trigger increased ammonia volatilization, thereby deteriorating the environment of rice paddies. Therefore, to continuously supply available nitrogen (N) and mitigate ammonia volatilization in rice fields, a two-year field experiment was conducted with nitrogen-loaded biochar (NLB) combined with less N fertilizer. The treatments included 10 or 20 t·ha⁻¹ NLB+ 100 % urea (T1, T2); 10 or 20 t·ha⁻¹ NLB+ 75 % urea (T3, T4); and a control with 100 % urea without NLB (CK). Results indicated the ammonia volatilization accumulation of T3 and T4 treatments was significantly reduced by 13.30–20.96 % compared to CK treatment. T2 treatment significantly increased rice yield by 6.94–11.15 % and 1000-grain weight by 9.78–11.59 %, while the T4 treatment maintained rice yield, due to NLB effectively N compensating and promoting the formation of 1000-grain weight and panicle numbers. Under T4 N management, crop growth and yield were promoted primarily because stable N release better matched the N demands of rice plants in later growth stages. The slow-release N persisted over 30 days in the later stages, increasing soil NH₄⁺-N by 13.72 %. The N nutrition index (NNI) of T2, T3, and CK was far from 1, while T4’s NNI was close to 1, indicating that T4 provided an optimal N supply. In conclusion, the combination of NLB and 75 % N fertilizer effectively mitigated ammonia volatilization in rice paddies and maintains yield stability. This study provided a benefit guidance for agricultural environmental protection in Northeast China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 104006"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-efficient cadmium(II) removal from water using alcohol distillate waste: A study of life cycle assessment","authors":"Celia Sabando-Fraile,&nbsp;Marina Corral-Bobadilla,&nbsp;Rubén Lostado-Lorza,&nbsp;Fátima Somovilla-Gomez","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2024.103916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2024.103916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the use of exhausted grape pomace, a byproduct of alcohol distillation, as a biosorbent for use in removing cadmium(II) from wastewater, in line with principles of a circular economy. Cadmium in water presents substantial environmental and health risks. Conventional treatment methods are often costly and environmentally damaging. This research proposes the use of agro-industrial waste as a sustainable and economical alternative. The biosorption process was optimized with Box-Behnken Design and Response Surface Methodology an adjusting factor such as the cadmium concentration, biosorbent dosage, solution pH, and stirring time. The findings reveal that cadmium(II) removal improves with increased stirring time, reaching a 99 % removal rate at 134 min. Optimal conditions include a biosorbent dosage of 2.4 g, pH 4.7, and initial cadmium concentration of 55 mg/L. The biosorption process also increased the solution’s pH, ensuring compliance with wastewater discharge regulations. Two optimization scenarios were evaluated. One achieved a 99.99 % removal efficiency for maximum cadmium reduction, The second focused on cost-effectiveness and environmental impact, attaining 77.35 % removal. This scenario highlights reduced the environmental impact, thereby supporting the role of exhausted grape pomace as a viable and eco-friendly option for wastewater treatment. Life cycle analysis, using CML-IA mid-point and ReCiPe end-point indicators, further underscores the sustainability of this approach, affirming the potential of grape pomace to contribute to circular, resource-efficient wastewater management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 103916"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable cotton decolorization via reversible swelling of cellulosic fibers with N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide aqueous solutions","authors":"Óscar Martínez-Rico,&nbsp;Lorena Villar,&nbsp;Olalla G. Sas,&nbsp;Ángeles Domínguez,&nbsp;Begoña González","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2024.103940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2024.103940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The exponential growth of the global economy has propelled textile fiber production, creating a pressing issue of non-degradable waste textiles that has outpaced recycling technologies. This research focuses on addressing the challenges of dye removal from cotton garments to enable their reintegration into the production cycle. A quantitative separation of direct dyes from fibers without compromising their integrity and quality was achieved using aqueous N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide, which is capable of reducing the density of the fibers so that dyes can be extracted without damaging either, with efficiencies over 95 %. Characterization of the fabric by size-exclusion chromatography before and after extraction ensures structural integrity as the degrees of polymerization of the cotton fibers are not significantly reduced. The separated dye is completely isolated from the N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide aqueous solution and recovered with efficiencies that depend on the dye structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 103940"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of lignin degradation method utilizing organic electrolytic reaction and its use as a plant growth inhibitor","authors":"Yoshiyuki Uruma ,&nbsp;Tsubasa Kojima ,&nbsp;Hirofumi Maekawa","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2025.104019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we developed an electrolytic reaction targeting the β-O-4 bond of lignin using inexpensive carbon electrodes and electrolytes. To verify the effectiveness of the electrolysis method for β-O-4 bonds, a simple lignin model with β-O-4 bonds similar to those of lignin was used to investigate the electrolysis conditions, analyze the degradation products, and clarify the degradation mechanism. The electrolysis experiments were then conducted using lignin samples derived from natural lignin in the same manner, and the obtained degradation products were analyzed to confirm the validity of the electrolysis method. We then conducted a plant growth test on kaiware daikon radish (radish radish radish) to investigate the effects of the degraded products on plant growth and confirm the functions and usefulness of the degraded products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 104019"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted fortification of phenolic hydroxyl groups in humic acid to further enhance urea use efficiency in maize seedling","authors":"Yingqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuiqin Zhang ,&nbsp;Ji Xue ,&nbsp;Bingqiang Zhao ,&nbsp;Yanting Li ,&nbsp;Meng Xu ,&nbsp;Jiukai Xu ,&nbsp;Jianyuan Jing ,&nbsp;Liang Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2024.103953","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2024.103953","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phenolic hydroxyl group (ArOH) plays an important role in humic acid (HA) enhancing nitrogen (N) fertilizer efficiency. However, the content of ArOH in HA is usually low, while its traditional enriching modification are inefficient or even showed a potential toxicity risk. In this work, we developed a novel catalyst named CuO@Al₂O₃ enriched with mesopores and oxygen vacancies, and target-modified HA to increase its ArOH using a feasible mechanical catalytic method. The results showed that phenolic-rich HA (CuO@Al₂O₃-HA) were successfully prepared with 40 % higher ArOH content than HA, which was consistent with the 43.13 % increase in C-O/Ar-O content in XPS C1s spectra. Compared to RHA, CuO@Al₂O₃-HA had less tannin attributed to the Ar-C bond breakage catalyzed by CuO@Al₂O₃ to form ArOH. Subsequently, we prepared CuO@Al₂O₃-HA-enhanced urea (CuO@Al₂O₃-HAU), and found that CuO@Al₂O₃-HAU improved maize seedling growth by the elevation of leaf chlorophyll content (by 8.78 %) and lowering N loss by NH₃ volatilization inhibition (by 12.43 %), thus enhanced the biomass and N uptake of maize seedling by 11.29 % and 21.22 %, respectively, compared to RHA-enhanced urea (RHAU). Therefore, this study provided a method to enrich the ArOH content of HA, and a green approach for the upgrading of high-efficiency urea products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 103953"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic insights into the lignocellulose degradation mechanism during short-term composting of peach sawdust: Core microbial community and carbohydrate-active enzyme profile analysis","authors":"Wei-Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu-Xin Guo ,&nbsp;Qing-Jun Chen,&nbsp;Yi-Yang Wang,&nbsp;Qiu-Ying Wang,&nbsp;Ya-Ru Yang,&nbsp;Guo-Qing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2024.103959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2024.103959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Short-term composting, utilizing agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials, is a method for converting biomass waste into substrates for the production of high-value products. The microbial-driven degradation mechanism of lignocellulose in this process warrants further investigation. In the present study, an 11-day composting process was conducted using peach sawdust as the main raw material. To elucidate the degradation mechanism of lignocellulose, metagenomics analysis was performed on three samples selected according to the change of physicochemical properties. By the end of composting, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were degraded by 39.67 %, 38.67 % and 23.33 %, respectively. Microbial abundance analysis revealed that <em>Pseudxanthomonas</em> and <em>Pseudomonas</em> from Proteobacteria, along with <em>Streptomyces</em> and <em>Saccharopolyspora</em> from Actinobacteria dominated the composting process and were highly correlated with lignocellulosic degradation. Carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism were the most enriched pathways and genes belonging to CE1, CE4, AA3, AA7, CE3, AA4, GH3, GH1, GH2, AA1, etc. were the major carbohydrate- active enzymes (CAZymes) involved in lignocellulosic degradation. <em>Streptomyces, Pseudoxanthomonas, Pseudomonas, Saccharopolyspora</em> and <em>Microbispora</em> were identified as the main contributors to these pathways and CAZymes, suggesting their crucial roles in lignocellulose degradation. The identification of key CAZymes and microorganisms enhances our understanding of the mechanism of lignocellulosic degradation in short-term composting, which could be beneficial for improving efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 103959"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based prediction of the C/N ratio in municipal organic waste","authors":"Aliakbar Dehghan ,&nbsp;Vahide Oskoei ,&nbsp;Taherh Khajavi ,&nbsp;Mansour Baziar ,&nbsp;Mahmood Yousefi","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2024.103977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eti.2024.103977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio plays a crucial role in managing organic waste in urban settings as it facilitates composting processes and nutrient reclamation. Encouraging composting and nutrient recovery aids in diminishing the waste disposal in landfills and mitigating the associated greenhouse gas emissions. This research uses machine learning techniques to predict carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio of organic waste present in municipal solid waste (MSW). The actual data, sourced from the Solid Waste Management Organization in Mashhad County, Iran consists of chemical analyses related to organic waste component in 17 cities. Factors such as percentage of organic waste, moisture content, ash content, pH level, and C/N ratio offer valuable information on the characteristics of organic waste. Cubic spline curve fitting is employed to interpolate the data, and subsequently, the dataset is partitioned into training and testing sets to aid in model development and evaluation. Five machine learning models (AdaBoost, Random Forest, Extra Trees, Decision Tree, and CatBoost) are utilized, and a systematic exploration of hyperparameters is conducted. The Extra Trees model exhibited outstanding accuracy, with R² values of 1.0 for the training phase and 0.97 for the testing phase, accompanied by minimal Mean Squared Error (MSE) values of 0 and 0.114, respectively. Furthermore, this investigation utilized SHAP analysis to examine the importance of features, uncovering that ash content (%) emerged as the most significant factor in forecasting the C/N ratio. Thus, the Extra Trees model emerges as a reliable instrument for forecasting the C/N ratio across 17 municipalities within Mashhad County.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11725,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 103977"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}