Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Lifestyle factors and urine levels of organophosphorus flame retardants in endometrial cancer: insights from a case-control study.","authors":"Yu-Che Ou, Fu-Jen Cheng, Wan-Ting Huang, Wen-Chin Lee, Hung-Chun Fu, Chen-Hsuan Wu, Ying-Yi Chen, Kuo-Chung Lan, Xuan-Ping Liou, Hao Lin, Chia-Te Kung","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00175","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are commonly used in various consumer products to prevent fire hazards. However, OPFRs have been linked to several health problems, including cancer. This study aimed to investigate the association between urine levels of OPFRs and endometrial cancer (EC), and to explore the correlation between concentrations of parent OPFR compounds and their metabolites.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Urine samples from 76 EC patients and 76 healthy controls were collected and analyzed for the levels of five common parent OPFRs and their respective metabolites. Propensity score matching was applied to account for differences in baseline characteristics between the two participant groups. Significantly higher levels of OPFRs in EC patients were identified, and logistic regression models were used to determine whether elevated OPFRs were associated with EC and to explore whether any lifestyle behaviors contributed to the increased OPFR levels. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients between the concentrations of the parent compounds and their metabolites were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the ten OPFRs studied, the median urine levels of bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP), tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP), and di-(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (DBEP) were significantly higher in EC patients compared to healthy controls. After matching 41 patients with 41 controls, multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that only BDCPP (OR 4.274; 95% CI 1.172-15.592) was an independent factor associated with EC. A lifestyle questionnaire survey found that urine BDCPP levels were related to age (OR 4.294; 95% CI 1.015-18.164), meals eaten out (OR 4.238; 95% CI 1.454-12.354), and consumption of chilled-ready meals (OR 0.118; 95% CI 0.014-0.985). A positive correlation was only observed between the concentrations of TBEP and its metabolite DBEP; other correlations were not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We concluded that higher urine BDCPP level was an independent factor associated with EC, and higher BDCPP levels were related to aging, more meals eaten out, and fewer chilled-ready meals. These findings highlight the potential hazard of long-term OPFR exposure on the development of EC.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"29 ","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11570647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and analysis of differently expressed transcription factors in aristolochic acid nephropathy.","authors":"Yi-Feng Wu, Zhi-Yao Tang, Yi-Xuan Deng, Kun Liu, Xu-Rui Gu, Guang-Liang Zhou, Yu-Jie Huang, Xiao-Qing Lin, Lin-Yun Zhou, Xiao-Cong Zuo","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.23-00245","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.23-00245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) is a rapidly progressive interstitial nephropathy caused by Aristolochic acid (AA). AAN is associated with the development of nephropathy and urothelial carcinoma. It is estimated that more than 100 million people worldwide are at risk of developing AAN. However, the underlying mechanisms driving renal deterioration in AAN remain poorly understood, and the treatment options are limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We obtained GSE27168 and GSE136276 series matrix data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) related to AAN. Using the R Studio environment, we applied the limma package and WGCNA package to identify co-differently expressed genes (co-DEGs). By GO/KEGG/GSVA analysis, we revealed common biological pathways. Subsequently, co-DEGs were subjected to the String database to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The MCC algorithms implemented in the Cytohubba plugin were employed to identify hub genes. The hub genes were cross-referenced with the transcription factor (TF) database to identify hub TFs. Immune infiltration analysis was performed to identify key immune cell groups by utilizing CIBERSORT. The expressions of AAN-associated hub TFs were verified in vivo and in vitro. Finally, siRNA intervention was performed on the two TFs to verify their regulatory effect in AAN.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis identified 88 co-DEGs through the \"limma\" and \"WGCNA\" R packages. A PPI network comprising 53 nodes and 34 edges was constructed with a confidence level >0.4. ATF3 and c-JUN were identified as hub TFs potentially linked to AAN. Additionally, expressions of ATF3 and c-JUN positively correlated with monocytes, basophils, and vessels, and negatively correlated with eosinophils and endothelial cells. We observed a significant increase in protein and mRNA levels of these two hub TFs. Furthermore, it was found that siRNA intervention targeting ATF3, but not c-JUN, alleviated cell damage induced by AA. The knockdown of ATF3 protects against oxidative stress and inflammation in the AAN cell model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides novel insights into the role of ATF3 in AAN. The comprehensive analysis sheds light on the molecular mechanisms and identifies potential biomarkers and drug targets for AAN treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"29 ","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11157247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141080688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower regional urbanicity and socioeconomic status attenuate associations of green spaces with hypertension and diabetes mellitus: a national representative cross-sectional study in China.","authors":"Wanzhou Wang, Chao Yang, Jinwei Wang, Fulin Wang, Ze Liang, Yueyao Wang, Feifei Zhang, Chenyu Liang, Chenshuang Li, Yiqun Lan, Shuangcheng Li, Pengfei Li, Ying Zhou, Luxia Zhang, Lieyun Ding","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00121","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High blood pressure (HBP) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are two of the most prevalent cardiometabolic disorders globally, especially among individuals with lower socio-economic status (SES). Studies have linked residential greenness to decreased risks of HBP and DM. However, there has been limited evidence on whether SES may modify the associations of residential greenness with HBP and DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on a national representative cross-sectional study among 44,876 adults, we generated the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) at 1 km spatial resolution to characterize individuals' residential greenness level. Administrative classification (urban/rural), nighttime light index (NLI), individual income, and educational levels were used to characterize regional urbanicity and individual SES levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed weaker inverse associations of NDVI with HBP and DM in rural regions compared to urban regions. For instance, along with per interquartile range (IQR, 0.26) increment in residential NDVI at 0∼5 year moving averages, the ORs of HBP were 1.04 (95%CI: 0.94, 1.15) in rural regions and 0.85 (95%CI: 0.79, 0.93) in urban regions (P = 0.003). Along with the decrease in NLI levels, there were continuously decreasing inverse associations of NDVI with DM prevalence (P for interaction <0.001). In addition, weaker inverse associations of residential NDVI with HBP and DM prevalence were found among individuals with lower income and lower education levels compared to their counterparts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lower regional urbanicity and individual SES could attenuate the associations of residential greenness with odds of HBP and DM prevalence.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"29 ","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11391273/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between temperature and mortality: a multi-city time series study in Sichuan Basin, southwest China.","authors":"Yizhang Xia, Chunli Shi, Yang Li, Shijuan Ruan, Xianyan Jiang, Wei Huang, Yu Chen, Xufang Gao, Rong Xue, Mingjiang Li, Hongying Sun, Xiaojuan Peng, Renqiang Xiang, Jianyu Chen, Li Zhang","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.23-00118","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.23-00118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are few multi-city studies on the association between temperature and mortality in basin climates. This study was based on the Sichuan Basin in southwest China to assess the association of basin temperature with non-accidental mortality in the population and with the temperature-related mortality burden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Daily mortality data, meteorological and air pollution data were collected for four cities in the Sichuan Basin of southwest China. We used a two-stage time-series analysis to quantify the association between temperature and non-accidental mortality in each city, and a multivariate meta-analysis was performed to obtain the overall cumulative risk. The attributable fractions (AFs) were calculated to access the mortality burden attributable to non-optimal temperature. Additionally, we performed a stratified analyses by gender, age group, education level, and marital status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 751,930 non-accidental deaths were collected in our study. Overall, 10.16% of non-accidental deaths could be attributed to non-optimal temperatures. A majority of temperature-related non-accidental deaths were caused by low temperature, accounting for 9.10% (95% eCI: 5.50%, 12.19%), and heat effects accounted for only 1.06% (95% eCI: 0.76%, 1.33%). The mortality burden attributable to non-optimal temperatures was higher among those under 65 years old, females, those with a low education level, and those with an alternative marriage status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study suggested that a significant association between non-optimal temperature and non-accidental mortality. Those under 65 years old, females, and those with a low educational level or alternative marriage status had the highest attributable burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"29 ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10788187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139466333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of severe COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients during the period from wild-type to Omicron variant: real-world evidence from Japan.","authors":"Kimiko Tomioka, Kenji Uno, Masahiro Yamada","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.23-00274","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.23-00274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many studies have reported that the Omicron variant is less pathogenic than the Delta variant and the wild-type. Epidemiological evidence regarding the risk of severe COVID-19 from the wild-type to the Omicron variant has been lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study participants were COVID-19 patients aged 18 and older without previous COVID-19 infection who were notified to the Nara Prefecture Chuwa Public Health Center from January 2020 to March 2023, during the periods from the wild-type to the Omicron variant. The outcome variable was severe COVID-19 (i.e., ICU admission or COVID-19-related death). The explanatory variable was SARS-CoV-2 variant type or the number of COVID-19 vaccinations. Covariates included gender, age, risk factors for aggravation, and the number of general hospital beds per population. The generalized estimating equations of negative binomial regression models were used to estimate the adjusted incidence proportion (AIP) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for severe COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 77,044 patients included in the analysis, 14,556 (18.9%) were unvaccinated and 520 (0.7%) developed severe COVID-19. Among unvaccinated patients, the risk of severe COVID-19 increased in the Alpha/Delta variants and decreased in the Omicron variant compared to the wild-type (AIP [95% CI] was 1.55 [1.06-2.27] in Alpha/Delta and 0.25 [0.15-0.40] in Omicron), but differed by age. Especially in patients aged ≥80, there was no significant difference in the risk of severe COVID-19 between the wild-type and the Omicron variant (AIP [95% CI] = 0.59 [0.27-1.29]). Regarding the preventive effect of vaccines, among all study participants, the number of vaccinations was significantly associated with the prevention of severe COVID-19, regardless of variant type. After stratified analyses by age, patients aged ≥80 remained a significant association for all variant types. On the other hand, the number of vaccinations had no association in Omicron BA.5 of patients aged 18-64.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients aged ≥80 had less reduction in risk of severe COVID-19 during the Omicron variant period, and a greater preventive effect of vaccines against severe COVID-19, compared to younger people. Our findings suggest that booster vaccination is effective and necessary for older people, especially aged ≥80.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"29 ","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10937246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140049069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The global burden of vascular intestinal diseases: results from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study and projections using Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis.","authors":"Xiqiang Zhang, Longchao Wu, Yu Li, Ze Tao, Na Li, Haoyang Zhang, Ming Ren, Kexin Wang","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00206","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vascular intestinal disease is a major health concern that often requires emergency surgery in patients with intestinal obstruction, perforation, or bowel necrosis. We aimed to provide data on the incidence, prevalence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of vascular intestinal diseases from 1990 to 2021, thereby contributing to the development of health policies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using standardized methods from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study, we analyzed the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs of vascular intestinal disease from the perspectives of the sociodemographic index (SDI), regional, and country, along with the corresponding estimated annual percentage changes. Additionally, we used join-point regression to identify the key time points for disease burden changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, a total of 169,432 cases [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 155,127-185,189] of vascular intestinal disease were identified worldwide. The age-standardized incidence rate decreased from 18.81 (95% UI: 16.07-21.73) in 1990 to 15.98 (95% UI: 13.99-19.10) in 2021. In 2021, the age-standardized mortality rate was 1.12/100,000 people (95% UI: 1.00-1.21). Over the 32-year period, the global DALYs rate declined by 1.44 (95% Confidence Interval: -1.55 to -1.34). Within the five SDI regions, the high-middle SDI areas recorded the peak standardized mortality rates in 2021. Regionally, the greatest increase in incidence occurred in North Africa and the Middle East. Canada recorded the greatest national incidence rate [58.35 (95% UI: 50.05-67.37)] in 2021 among 204 countries, while Russia exhibited the highest related mortality [5.64/100,000 people (95% UI: 5.19-6.11)] and DALYs rate [101.48/100,000 people (95% UI: 93.83-109.66)].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite a global decline in the burden of vascular intestinal disease from 1990 to 2021, significant regional and national disparities persist and the disease burden among the elderly has increased.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"29 ","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11653002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethylene oxide exposure increases impaired glucose metabolism in the US general population: a national cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yuqi Zhao, Deliang Liu, Xiaogao Pan, Yuyong Tan","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00199","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current experimental evidence supports that ethylene oxide (EO) exposure-related pathophysiologies may affect glucose metabolism, but few population-based studies have explored the potential links.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used cross-sectional data from 15560 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2017 to 2020. EO exposure levels were calculated by testing hemoglobin adducts of EO (HbEO) via a modified Edman reaction. We focused on the association of EO exposure with prediabetes and diabetes as well as indicators of impaired glucose metabolism and further analyzed the potential pathogenic mechanisms. Statistics included logistic regression, generalized additive model fitting, penalized spline method, two-piecewise linear regression, recursive algorithm, mediation analysis, and Pearson's analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EO exposure was associated with changes in glucose metabolic indicators and increased prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes, showing age-consistency and being more pronounced in obese and non-smoking populations. For each one pmol/g Hb, one SD, or two-fold SD increase in log2-HbEO, the risk of prediabetes increased by 12%, 16%, and 33%, with an increased risk of diabetes by 18%, 26%, and 61%, respectively. Dose-response curves revealed that this positive correlation was approximately linear with prediabetes and \"J\" shaped with diabetes. When log2-HbEO > 8.03 pmol/g Hb, the risk of diabetes would be further increased. Pearson's correlation revealed that EO exposure was associated with reduced fasting insulin and elevated HbA1c in the prediabetic stage. While in the diabetes stage, EO exposure was correlated with elevated fasting glucose, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR, suggesting an exacerbation of diabetes progression by EO exposure. A potential mechanism that the early stages of impaired glucose metabolism may be initiated by EO-related inflammation and oxidative stress damaging pancreatic β-cells, resulting in decreased insulin secretion. These speculations were partially supported by mediation analysis and mediators' Pearson analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated ethylene oxide exposure increases the incidence of impaired glucose metabolism in the general U.S. population and a potential intervention may be to effectively suppress inflammation and oxidative stress imbalances.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"29 ","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tobacco usage in the home: a cross-sectional analysis of heated tobacco product (HTP) use and combustible tobacco smoking in Japan, 2023.","authors":"Satomi Odani, Takahiro Tabuchi","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.23-00292","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.23-00292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Heated tobacco product (HTP) use continues in Japan as the second most common product after cigarettes. While the health effects of HTPs and their secondhand emissions are not well-studied, the tobacco industry has actively marketed HTPs as a smokeless, health-conscious alternative to cigarettes to encourage home consumption. We investigated the prevalence of current tobacco product use and usage at home.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from the 2023 wave of a nationwide, Internet-based, self-reported survey. 29,354 individuals aged 16-74 were included in the analysis. We assessed the prevalence of current (past-30-day) use for HTPs, cigarettes, non-cigarette combustible tobacco, and dual (combustible plus HTP) use. The frequency of use (daily or more than monthly) in the home was calculated for both HTPs and combustible tobacco. Multivariable Poisson regression models were employed to identify factors associated with home usage. Adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed. All analyses were weighted to address the Internet-based sample's selectivity and yield nationally representative estimates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2023, the prevalence of current use was 12.4% (HTPs), 18.9% (cigarettes), 3.6% (non-cigarette combustible tobacco), and 7.4% (dual use). Among current users of any tobacco (N = 5,818), 49.8% reported daily tobacco usage within their homes, and 67.1% reported monthly or more frequent home usage. Compared to exclusive combustible tobacco smokers, exclusive HTP users exhibited higher prevalence of daily home usage (APR = 1.54; 95% CI = 1.43-1.67), as did dual users (APR = 1.10; 95% CI = 1.01-1.20). Daily home usage prevalence was notably higher for those without complete tobacco-free rules at home or workplaces, older individuals, and those with lower education levels. Those living with adult or child household member and current drinkers showed significantly lower daily home usage prevalence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Home usage was more common among HTP users than among combustible tobacco smokers. Ongoing efforts to assess and address the impact of indoor tobacco product use, including HTPs, on health are warranted. Regulatory and educational strategies should be considered to discourage tobacco consumption in both public and private spaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"29 ","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10937248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140049070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three in four smokers want to quit tobacco (reference to reassessing the smoking target in Japan): findings from the JASTIS2021 study.","authors":"Masayuki Sugihara, Takahiro Tabuchi","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.23-00285","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.23-00285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To enhance tobacco control in Japan, the government set a future smoking rate target (smoking prevalence = 12% by 2022) arguing that the \"smoking rate target is expected if only smokers who want to quit smoking now, actually quit\". However, ideally both those wanting to quit now and those who wanted to in the past will succeed in the future. We aimed to re-define smokers who intend to quit and estimate their number. We also examined determinants of intention to quit, including daily tobacco consumption and tobacco use categories (exclusive combustible cigarette users, exclusive heated tobacco product (HTP) users, and dual (combustible cigarette and HTP)) users.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the 2021 Japan 'Society and New Tobacco' Internet Survey, we analyzed 5,072 current smokers (had used combustible cigarettes or HTPs in the past 30 days) aged 20-80 years. Smokers who intend to quit were defined as total smokers who want to quit now, have previously attempted or previously wanted to quit. Log-Poisson regression models were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for intention to quit (current or current/past), adjusting for potential covariates such as tobacco use categories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among current smokers, 40.6% want to quit now, 27.0% have previously attempted and 9.0% have previously wanted to quit. Smokers of over 20 tobacco sticks/day are less likely to want to quit now than 1-10 /day (aOR = 0.79, 95%CI = 0.71-0.87) and less likely to intend to quit (both current and past) (aOR = 0.93, 95%CI = 0.88-0.98). Exclusive HTP and dual users were more likely to intend to quit (both current and past) than exclusive combustible cigarette users (aOR = 1.09, 95%CI = 1.04-1.14) and (aOR = 1.07, 95%CI = 1.03-1.12).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In total, 76.6% of current smokers, were defined as having intention to quit (both current and past). Applying this percentage to the target calculation, Japan's smoking rate target would be 3.9%, considerably lower than the current target of 12%. The Japanese government may have to revise the smoking rate target. Additionally, we found that the usage of HTPs reduces intention to quit smoking. These insights have implications for setting of smoking rate targets and regulating HTPs in different countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"29 ","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11157245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140944529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of life and neurological symptoms in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2: a national database study in Japan.","authors":"Takashi Yamauchi, Machi Suka","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00158","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study examined the association between neurological symptoms and quality of life (QoL) in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) using a national database of all patients who newly claimed for medical expense subsidies in Japan from 2015 to 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare provided access to the \"National Database of Designated Intractable Diseases of Japan\" containing the \"Medical Certificates of Designated Intractable Diseases\" of all patients with NF2. The database included information on five items of QoL: \"mobility,\" \"self-care,\" \"usual activities,\" \"pain/discomfort,\" and \"anxiety/depression.\" To examine the association between the presence/absence of neurological symptoms and QoL, multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed, adjusted for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 187 patients (97 females and 90 males; mean (standard deviation) age, 43.1 (17.9) years) were analyzed. Overall, 31% to 55% of patients were recorded as having moderate/severe impairment of QoL. Spinal dysfunction was significantly associated with deterioration of all components of QoL, whereas speech dysfunction and hemiparesis were specifically associated with physical health-related components of QoL. Spinal dysfunction, facial nerve palsy, and age 25-64 years were significantly associated with \"anxiety/depression.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the present epidemiological study using a national database of NF2 in Japan, spinal dysfunction was significantly associated with deterioration of all components of QoL, including subjective and mental health-related components of QoL, whereas speech dysfunction and hemiparesis were specifically associated with physical health-related components of QoL.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"29 ","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11362668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142092537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}