Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Association between ambient temperatures and injuries: a time series analysis using emergency ambulance dispatches in Chongqing, China.","authors":"Zhi-Yi Chen,&nbsp;Hui Hu,&nbsp;Jun Yang,&nbsp;Dian-Guo Xing,&nbsp;Xin-Yi Deng,&nbsp;Yang Zou,&nbsp;Ying He,&nbsp;Sai-Juan Chen,&nbsp;Qiu-Ting Wang,&nbsp;Yun-Yi An,&nbsp;Ying Chen,&nbsp;Hua Liu,&nbsp;Wei-Jie Tan,&nbsp;Xin-Yun Zhou,&nbsp;Yan Zhang","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.22-00224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/ehpm.22-00224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Global warming and increasing extreme weather have become a severe problem in recent years, posing a significant threat to human health worldwide. Research exploring the link between injury as one of the leading causes of death globally and ambient temperature was lacking. Based on the hourly injury emergency ambulance dispatch (IEAD) records from 2019-2021 in the main urban area of Chongqing, this study explored the role of temperature extremes on the pathogenesis of injury by different mechanisms and identified sensitive populations for different mechanisms of injury.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we collected hourly injury emergency ambulance dispatch (IEAD) records from Chongqing Emergency Dispatch Center in the main urban area of Chongqing from 2019 to 2021, and used a distributed lagged nonlinear model (DLNM) with quasi-Poisson distribution to evaluate the association between ambient temperature and IEADs. And the stratified analysis was performed by gender, age and different injury mechanisms to identify susceptible groups. Finally, the attributable burden of ambient extreme temperatures was also investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The risk for total IEADs increased significantly at high temperature (32 °C) compared with optimal temperature (9 °C) (CRR: 1.210; 95%CI[1.127,1.300]). The risks of traffic accident injury (CRR: 1.346; 95%CI[1.167,1.552]), beating injury (CRR: 1.508; 95%CI[1.165,1.952]), fall-height injury (CRR: 1.871; 95%CI[1.196-2.926]) and injury of sharp penetration (CRR: 2.112; 95%CI[1.388-3.213]) were significantly increased. At low temperature (7 °C), the risk of fall injury (CRR: 1.220; 95% CI [1.063,1.400]) increased significantly. Lag for 24 hours at extreme low temperature (5 °C), the risk of 18-45 years (RR: 1.016; 95%CI[1.009,1.024]) and over 60 years of age (RR: 1.019; 95%CI[1.011,1.025]) increased significantly. The effect of 0 h delay in extreme high temperature (36 °C) on males aged 18-45 years (RR: 1.115; 95%CI[1.071,1.162]) and 46-59 years (RR: 1.069; 95%CI[1.023,1.115]) had significant impact on injury risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed that ambient temperature was significantly related to the risk of injury, and different mechanisms of injury were affected differently by extreme temperature. The increasing risk of traffic accident injury, beating injury, fall-height injury and sharp penetrating injury was associated with extreme heat, while fall injury was associated with extreme cold. The risk of injury in high temperature environment was mainly concentrated in males and young adults. The results of this study can help to identify the sensitive population with different injury mechanisms in extreme temperature environment, and provide reference for public health emergency departments to respond to relevant strategies in extreme temperature environment to minimize the potential risk to the public.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"28 ","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10188285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9477581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic, cognitive, and social paths of education to health-related behaviors: evidence from a population-based study in Japan.","authors":"Keiko Murakami,&nbsp;Shinichi Kuriyama,&nbsp;Hideki Hashimoto","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.22-00178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/ehpm.22-00178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is substantial evidence on the association between lower education and unhealthy behaviors. However, the mechanism underlying this association remains unclear. This study aimed to examine whether income, health literacy, and social support mediate the association between education and health-related behaviors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A questionnaire survey was conducted in metropolitan areas in Japan from 2010 to 2011 among residents aged 25-50 years. Data from 3663 participants were used in this study. Health literacy was measured using the Communicative and Critical Health Literacy scale. Health-related behaviors were current smoking, poor dietary habits, hazardous drinking, and lack of exercise. Poisson regression analyses with robust variance estimators were conducted to examine the associations between education and these health-related behaviors. Multiple mediation analyses were conducted to estimate the magnitudes of the mediating effects of income, health literacy, and social support on these associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Less educated participants had higher risks of all unhealthy behaviors. Income mediated the associations of education with smoking (6.4%) and exercise (20.0%). Health literacy mediated the associations of education with dietary habits (15.4%) and exercise (16.1%). Social support mediated the associations of education with dietary habits (6.4%) and exercise (7.6%). The education-drinking association was mediated by income in the opposite direction (-10.0%). The proportions of the total effects mediated by income, health literacy, and social support were 9.8% for smoking, 24.0% for dietary habits, -3.0% for drinking, and 43.7% for exercise.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings may provide clues for designing effective interventions to reduce educational inequalities in health-related behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"28 ","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9884565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10597081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventive role of community-level social capital in the need for long-term care and impairment in instrumental activities of daily living: a multilevel analysis.","authors":"Hitomi Matsuura, Yoko Hatono, Isao Saito","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.22-00126","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.22-00126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individual-level social capital is an important determinant of older adults' long-term care needs; however, there is scant evidence regarding community-level social capital. Therefore, we investigated the association between community-level social capital and the prevalence of the need for long-term care among older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between January and February 2018, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among all older adults (n = 13,558) aged 65 to 74 years in a rural municipality in Japan (total population, n = 72,833). A self-reported questionnaire was used to identify community-level social capital, comprising civic participation, social cohesion, and reciprocity. A multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the odds ratios of the need for long-term care and a decline in social activity competence as assessed by instrumental activities of daily living. For the analysis, the community levels were divided into 76 voting districts and adjusted for daily life, lifestyle, socioeconomic status, health conditions, and the three social capital subscale scores at the individual level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for the covariates, we observed a tendency that a higher community level of reciprocity was associated with a lower prevalence of long-term care needs (OR: 0.86, 95% confidence interval: 0.75-1.00), whereas a high community level of social cohesion was associated with a significantly reduced decline in instrumental activities of daily living (OR per standard deviation increase: 0.87, 95% confidence interval: 0.79-0.96). No significant association was found with civic participation. Similarly, individual-level social capital was associated with the need for long-term care and decline in instrumental activities of daily living.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that good community-level reciprocity or social cohesion as well as good individual social capital status may help prevent the need for long-term care among older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"28 ","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9922590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10725971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial characteristics pattern correlated with HIV-related risky sexual behavior among HIV-negative men who have sex with men: a latent profile analysis.","authors":"Mengxi Zhai,&nbsp;Zhizhou Duan,&nbsp;Jiawei Tian,&nbsp;Qingqing Jiang,&nbsp;Biao Zhu,&nbsp;Chenchang Xiao,&nbsp;Bin Yu,&nbsp;Hong Yan","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.22-00157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/ehpm.22-00157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Men who have sex with men (MSM) have become a high risk population of HIV infection due to their risky sexual behaviors. The latent pattern of psychosocial characteristics plays an important effect in HIV-related risky behaviors among HIV-negative MSM.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants were recruited from Wuhan, Nanchang, and Changsha city from September 2017 to January 2018. Social support was assessed by the multidimensional scale of social support, Connor-Davidson Resilience scale-10 items for reliance, the assessment of Stigma towards Homosexuality for sexual minority stigma, the Likert subscale of nondisclosure for identity concealment, the ACE questionnaire-Kaiser-CDC for adverse childhood experience, the Centers for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for depression. Latent profile analysis (LPA) and multivariate regression were used to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three psychosocial characteristic patterns were revealed by the LPA. \"Social support and resilience group\" (SR group), \"Identity concealment group\" (IC group) and \"Adverse childhood experience\" (ACE group) were identified, respectively. In comparison with \"SR group\", \"IC group\" have a higher likelihood of one-night male partners (AOR = 2.74, 95%CI = [1.54, 4.90]), both fixed and one-night male partners (AOR = 2.01, 95%CI = [1.34, 3.01]) and HIV-unsure male partner (AOR = 2.12, 95%CI = [1.44, 3.13]). Similarly, \"ACE group\" were more likely having inconsistent condom use (AOR = 2.58, 95%CI = [1.41, 4.73]), and having sex with HIV-positive male partner (AOR = 4.90, 95%CI = [1.95, 12.30]) with comparison of \"SR group\". In addition, we further revealed that \"ACE group\" had a higher ratio (90.0%) of inconsistent condom use among MSM whose male partners were HIV-positive.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Six important psychosocial factors were divided into three latent pattern classes. Compared with \"SR group\", \"IC group\" and \"ACE group\" were more likely to engage in HIV-related risky sexual behaviors. Further research may pay more attention to \"IC group\" and \"ACE group\" for targeted intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"28 ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9845062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10740524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total protein intake and subsequent risk of chronic kidney disease: the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study.","authors":"Sachimi Kubo,&nbsp;Hironori Imano,&nbsp;Isao Muraki,&nbsp;Akihiko Kitamura,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Noda,&nbsp;Renzhe Cui,&nbsp;Koutatsu Maruyama,&nbsp;Kazumasa Yamagishi,&nbsp;Mitsumasa Umesawa,&nbsp;Yuji Shimizu,&nbsp;Mina Hayama-Terada,&nbsp;Masahiko Kiyama,&nbsp;Takeo Okada,&nbsp;Hiroyasu Iso","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.22-00247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/ehpm.22-00247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Whether dietary protein intake worsens renal function in the general population has been discussed but not yet determined. We aimed to examine the longitudinal association between dietary protein intake and risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a 12-year follow-up study with 3,277 Japanese adults (1,150 men and 2,127 women) aged 40-74 years, initially free from CKD, who participated in cardiovascular risk surveys from two Japanese communities under the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study. The development of CKD was defined by the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) during the follow-up period. Protein intake was measured at baseline by using the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. We estimated sex-, age-, community- and multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for incident CKD were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards regression models according to quartiles of percentage of energy (%energy) from protein intake.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During 26,422 person-years of follow-up, 300 participants developed CKD (137 men and 163 women). The sex-, age-, and community-adjusted HR (95% confidence interval, CI) for the highest (≥16.9%energy) versus lowest (≤13.4%energy) quartiles of total protein intake was 0.66 (0.48-0.90), p for trend = 0.007. The multivariable HR (95%CI) was 0.72 (0.52-0.99), p for trend = 0.016 after further adjustment for body mass index, smoking status, alcohol drinking status, diastolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication use, diabetes mellitus, serum total cholesterol levels, cholesterol-lowering medication use, total energy intake, and baseline eGFR. The association did not vary by sex, age, and baseline eGFR. When examining animal and vegetable protein intake separately, the respective multivariable HRs (95%CIs) were 0.77 (0.56-1.08), p for trend = 0.036, and 1.24 (0.89-1.75), p for trend = 0.270.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher protein intake, more specifically animal protein intake was associated with a lower risk of CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"28 ","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10233334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9564224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between maternal fish consumption during pregnancy and preterm births: the Japan Environment and Children's Study.","authors":"Kazue Ishitsuka, Mayumi Tsuji, Megumi Yamamoto, Rie Tanaka, Reiko Suga, Mami Kuwamura, Toshihide Sakuragi, Masayuki Shimono, Koichi Kusuhara","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.23-00084","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.23-00084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fish are a rich source of essential nutrients that protect against preterm birth. However, as fish can absorb environmental pollutants, their consumption can also increase the risk of preterm birth. This study aimed to assess whether maternal fish consumption during pregnancy is associated with preterm birth in a nationwide large Japanese cohort that consumed relatively high amounts and many types of fish.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 81,428 mother-child pairs enrolled in a nationwide prospective Japanese birth cohort study. Fish consumption was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the association of total consumption of fish, fatty fish and lean fish, fish paste, and seafood and clams with preterm birth, adjusted for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no association between overall fish consumption and preterm births. However, the highest quintile of fish paste consumption was significantly associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (odds ratio [OR]: 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI: 1.04, 1.17]). The consumption of baked fish paste at least three times per week was significantly associated with preterm birth (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.40). Consumption of other types of fish, except fish paste, was not significantly associated with preterm birth risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fish paste consumption may increase the risk of preterm birth. Further studies are required to confirm this association.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"28 ","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10480610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10180207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of quick simple exercise on non-specific low back pain in Japanese workers: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Fuminari Asada,&nbsp;Takuo Nomura,&nbsp;Kenichiro Takano,&nbsp;Masashi Kubota,&nbsp;Motoki Iwasaki,&nbsp;Takayuki Oka,&nbsp;Ko Matsudaira","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.22-00203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/ehpm.22-00203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We designed a quick simple exercise program that can be performed in a short period of time in real-world occupational health settings and investigated the effects of three months of program implementation on non-specific low back pain (NSLBP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 136 individuals working in the manufacturing industry. The quick simple exercise program was designed to be doable in three minutes and consisted of two exercises: a hamstring stretch and a lumbar spine rotation with forward, backward, and lateral flexion. This was a randomized controlled trial incorporating an intervention group to whom the exercises were recommended within a leaflet, and a control group to whom the exercises were not recommended. NSLBP was evaluated at baseline and after three months using numerical rating scale (NRS) scores, ranging from 0 points (no pain at all) to 10 points (worst pain imaginable). The percentages of cases that improved by a minimal clinically important difference (two points or above) were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 76.1% of the intervention group participants performed the quick simple exercises at least once every one or two days. Three months after baseline, a significantly higher percentage of participants in the intervention group (17 participants: 25%) had NSLBP improvement of two or more points on the NRS compared to that in the control group (8 participants, 12%) (P = 0.047). The average NRS score decreased significantly from 1.87 ± 1.86 to 1.33 ± 1.60 in the intervention group but showed no significant change in the control group, transitioning from 1.46 ± 1.73 to 1.52 ± 1.83. A significant interaction was also observed between the intervention and control groups (F = 6.550, P = 0.012).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Three months of a quick simple exercise program among workers in the manufacturing industry increased the percentage of workers with improvement in the NRS scores. This suggests that the program is effective in managing NSLBP in workers in the manufacturing industry.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>UMIN-CTR UMIN000024117.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"28 ","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10287985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9710982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of double product: a cross-sectional study of urban residents in Japan.","authors":"Natsuko Nakagoshi,&nbsp;Sachimi Kubo,&nbsp;Yoko Nishida,&nbsp;Kazuyo Kuwabara,&nbsp;Aya Hirata,&nbsp;Mizuki Sata,&nbsp;Aya Higashiyama,&nbsp;Yoshimi Kubota,&nbsp;Takumi Hirata,&nbsp;Yukako Tatsumi,&nbsp;Kuniko Kawamura,&nbsp;Junji Miyazaki,&nbsp;Naomi Miyamatsu,&nbsp;Daisuke Sugiyama,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Miyamoto,&nbsp;Tomonori Okamura","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.23-00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/ehpm.23-00002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The current study aimed to investigate the determinants of high double product (DP) by evaluating the association between resting DP, which is calculated as systolic blood pressure (SBP) multiplied by heart rate (HR), and blood test results and lifestyle factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research included 973 participants in the baseline survey of the KOBE study, which included a cohort of urban residents. The possible DP determinants were identified by examining the association between lifestyle factors and laboratory findings and DP by analyzing covariance adjusted for sex and age. Logistic regression analysis was performed with high DP (SBP × HR ≥ 9145 mmHg beats/min or quintile according to sex) as outcome and DP determinants as independent variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age, hematocrit, and gamma-glutamyl transferase (log) level were positively associated with a high DP in both men and women. In addition, a high DP was positively associated with Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance score in women alone. Meanwhile, the amount of exercise was negatively associated with a high DP in men alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High DP values at rest were associated with insulin resistance, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and the amount of exercise in participants without underlying disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"28 ","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10287984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9713571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of new scores for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease using specific medical examination items: the Suita Study.","authors":"Ahmed Arafa,&nbsp;Rena Kashima,&nbsp;Yuka Yasui,&nbsp;Haruna Kawachi,&nbsp;Chisa Matsumoto,&nbsp;Saya Nosaka,&nbsp;Masayuki Teramoto,&nbsp;Miki Matsuo,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Kokubo","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.23-00099","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.23-00099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We previously developed risk models predicting stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) among Japanese people from the Suita Study. Yet, applying these models at the national level was challenging because some of the included risk factors differed from those collected in the Japanese governmental health check-ups, such as Tokutei-Kenshin. We, therefore, conducted this study to develop new risk models for stroke, CHD, and atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD), based on data from the Suita Study. The new models used traditional cardiovascular risk factors similar to those in the Japanese governmental health check-ups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 7,413 participants, aged 30-84 years, initially free from stroke and CHD. All participants received baseline health examinations, including a questionnaire assessing their lifestyle and medical history, medical examination, and blood and urine analysis. The risk factors of stroke, CHD, and ASCVD (cerebral infarction or CHD) were determined using the multivariable-adjusted Cox regression. The models' performance was assessed using the C-statistics for discrimination and the Hosmer-Lemeshow for calibration. We also developed three simple scores (zero to 100) that could predict the 10-year incidence of stroke, CHD, and ASCVD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within 110,428 person-years (median follow-up = 16.6 years), 410 stroke events, 288 CHD events, and 527 ASCVD events were diagnosed. Age, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes were associated with stroke, CHD, and ASCVD risk. Men and those with decreased high-density lipoproteins or increased low-density lipoproteins showed a higher risk of CHD and ASCVD. Urinary proteins were associated with an increased risk of stroke and ASCVD. The C-statistic values of the risk models were >0.750 and the p-values of goodness-of-fit were >0.30. The 10-year incidence of stroke, CVD, and ASCVD events was 3.8%, 3.5%, and 5.7% for scores 45-54, 10.3%, 11.8%, and 19.6% for scores 65-74, and 27.7%, 23.5%, and 60.5% for scores ≥85, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We developed new Suita risk models for stroke, CHD, and ASCVD using variables similar to those in the Japanese governmental health check-ups. We also developed new risk scores to predict incident stroke, CHD, and ASCVD within 10 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"28 ","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10613553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71411093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life satisfaction and the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in the general Japanese population: the Suita Study.","authors":"Ahmed Arafa, Rena Kashima, Yoshihiro Kokubo","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.23-00125","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.23-00125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Life satisfaction is a measure of mental health with a potential cardioprotective role. This study aimed to investigate the association between life satisfaction and ASCVD risk in the general Japanese population.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used data from 6,877 people (30-84 years) registered in the Suita Study, a Japanese population-based prospective cohort study. All participants were free from stroke and coronary heart disease (CHD) at baseline. Then, participants were followed up for incident ASCVD, including cerebral infarction and CHD. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of incident ASCVD according to life satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within 102,545 person-years (median follow-up = 16.6 years), 482 incident ASCVD events were identified. In the age- and sex-adjusted model, being very satisfied, rather satisfied, or not sure, compared to being dissatisfied with life, showed a lower risk of ASCVD: HR (95% CI) = 0.55 (0.41, 0.74), 0.67 (0.50, 0.89), and 0.57 (0.36, 0.88), respectively (p-trend < 0.001). The associations remained consistent after adjusting for stress and unfortunate events: HR (95% CI) = 0.57 (0.42, 0.77), 0.68 (0.50, 0.91), and 0.54 (0.35, 0.84), respectively (p-trend < 0.001). The results did not vary between cerebral infarction and CHD: HR (95% CI) for being very satisfied with life = 0.58 (0.37, 0.91) and 0.55 (0.36, 0.84), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Life satisfaction was inversely associated with the risk of ASCVD in the investigated general Japanese population.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"28 ","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10613556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71411176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}