Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Associations of serum carotene levels and decline for the ability of attention: a longitudinal study in the Japanese general population.","authors":"Hiroshi Okumiyama, Yoshiki Tsuboi, Ryosuke Fujii, Akihiko Iwahara, Takeshi Hatta, Shuntaro Sato, Hiroya Yamada, Koji Suzuki","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.25-00090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/ehpm.25-00090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although serum carotene may contribute to dementia prevention, there is a lack of longitudinal evidence for early cognitive decline before dementia symptoms. The aim of this study was to examine whether serum carotene levels were associated with annually evaluated cognitive trajectories among the Japanese general population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Among 581 baseline participants, 199 individuals (83 males; mean age [min, max], 62.7 [39, 90] years) who underwent cognitive assessments more than twice after baseline were analyzed. \"Attention\" levels were assessed using one- and three-target Digit Cancellation Tests (D-CAT1 and D-CAT3). \"General cognitive ability\" was assessed by the short version of Mini-Mental State Examination (SMMSE). Serum carotenes (α-carotene, β-carotene and lycopene) were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. After the measurements, we calculated total carotene levels by summing up the levels of all measured carotene. Carotene levels were categorized into three groups for analysis (low: 0%-25%, middle: 25%-75%, and high: 75%-100%). A linear mixed model was used to estimate the slope of the D-CAT score trajectory and to compare it between three categories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the middle carotene group, decline of attention was faster in the D-CAT1 for low β-carotene (β = -3.48, p = 0.035), lycopene (β = -3.10, p = 0.062), and total carotene (β = -4.75, p = 0.003), but not for α-carotene (β = -2.60, p = 0.111). For the D-CAT3, decline of attention was faster in the group of low lycopene (β = -3.17, p = 0.002) and total carotene (β = -2.17, p = 0.037) compared with the middle carotene group, while no clear association for α-carotene (β = -0.67, p = 0.521) and β-carotene (β = -0.64, p = 0.639). There were no clear associations between serum carotene and the SMMSE score.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest low levels of serum lycopene are associated with a decline of attention in the setting of the general population.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"30 ","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of physical activity level and all-cause mortality among stroke survivors: evidence from NHANES 2007-2018.","authors":"Fude Liu, Xiangning Han, Yawen Cheng, Ning Zhu, Shiliang Jiang, Jiahao Li, Jin Zhao, Guogang Luo","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/ehpm.24-00322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-stroke disability diminishes the physical activity (PA) level of survivors, potentially affecting their long-term prognosis. This study endeavors to explore the correlation between daily PA level and the all-cause mortality in patients with a history of stoke in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data of stroke survivors were sourced from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2018. The population was stratified into three groups based on their PA level. Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank tests for significance was used for survival analysis. Weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality. Subgroup analysis was conducted to strengthen the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1395 participants were recruited, comprising 679 males and 716 females, with a median age of 68 years. Based on their PA levels, 779 individuals were classified as inactive, 156 as insufficiently active, and 460 as sufficiently active. Following a median observation period of 59 months, there were 476 recorded deaths, with 349, 47, and 80 cases in the three respective groups. Compared to the inactive group, the HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause mortality in participants who were insufficiently active and sufficiently active were 0.58 (0.40, 0.84) and 0.47 (0.33, 0.67), respectively. The Kaplan-Meier curve revealed a significant difference in overall survival between the three groups, as confirmed by the log-rank test (P < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis further validated our results and demonstrated that the protective impact of PA on stroke prognosis varies according to distinct characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results indicate that increased levels of PA are associated with a protective effect on long-term mortality among stroke survivors. Further prospective longitudinal studies are necessary to elucidate the optional PA level and special exercise guideline targeting this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"30 ","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12041438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between mental health and lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic in a general Japanese population: NIPPON DATA2010.","authors":"Naoki Aono, Aya Higashiyama, Harumitsu Suzuki, Akira Fujiyoshi, Makiko Abe, Atsushi Satoh, Hisatomi Arima, Nobuo Nishi, Aya Kadota, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Tomonori Okamura, Nagako Okuda, Akira Okayama, Katsuyuki Miura","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/ehpm.24-00292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Deterioration in lifestyle associated with poor mental health could be an important concern during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, few studies have investigated the association between mental health status and lifestyle changes during the pandemic in nationwide Japanese general population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted using the data among 1,546 participants of the follow-up study of NIPPON DATA2010 in 2021. Recent mental status, as assessed using the Kessler 6 (K6) scale, and lifestyle changes compared to before the pandemic were determined using self-reported questionnaires. Some lifestyle changes such as decreased physical activity were defined as undesirable, whereas others such as decreased alcohol drinking were defined as desirable. The participants were divided into three groups based on the K6 scores: the K6<5, 5≤K6<9, and K6≥9 groups. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the K6 groups for each lifestyle change compared with that in the K6<5 group were estimated after adjusting for possible confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ORs of the K6≥9 group for all undesirable lifestyle changes were significantly high, especially increased alcohol drinking (OR 4.64; 95% CI, 2.71-7.93), and decreased physical activity (OR 4.63; 95% CI, 3.29-6.52). Among the desirable changes, the OR of the 5≤K6<9 group was significantly high for increased eating home cooking.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Poor mental health showed a significant association with undesirable lifestyle changes, especially increased alcohol drinking and decreased physical activity, in a nationwide general Japanese population during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"30 ","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12041440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detailed hazard assessment of ethylbenzene to establish an indoor air quality guideline in Japan.","authors":"Kaoru Inoue, Yoko Hirabayashi, Kenichi Azuma","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00415","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Indoor air quality (IAQ) is an important determinant of human health. In Japan, IAQ guidelines have been established for 13 chemicals since 1997. Regarding ethylbenzene (EB), a previous guideline value of 3800 µg/m³ was established in 2000. However, the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare decided to revise the value because of the publication of new hazard information after the establishment of the previous guideline value and the establishment of their respective IAQ guidelines by foreign organizations based on the new hazard information. This study conducted a detailed hazard assessment on EB and derived hazard assessment values to provide a toxicologically valid basis for revising the IAQ guideline value.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As it was defined that the IAQ guidelines would not exert adverse health effects on humans even if they inhaled the chemicals from indoor air over a lifetime, we investigated the general toxicity, developmental and reproductive toxicity, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity of EB based on reliable hazard information cited in published assessment documents by domestic, foreign, or international risk assessment organizations. All the collected hazard information was examined, and we originally judged the no-observed adverse effect level and the lowest observed adverse effect level of each toxicity study. We then selected the most appropriate key study, an endpoint, and a point of departure and derived the hazard assessment values for each toxicity category. Finally, we selected a representative hazard assessment value for EB from the minimum hazard assessment value among general toxicity, developmental and reproductive toxicity, and carcinogenicity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the three toxicity categories, the minimum hazard assessment value was obtained from general toxicity, which was 0.0858 ppm (370 µg/m³) based on the loss of the outer hair cells in the organ of Corti in the cochlea observed in a 13-week repeated-dose inhalation toxicity study using rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It would be appropriate to adopt 0.0858 ppm (370 µg/m³) as a representative hazard assessment value to provide a basis for revising the IAQ guideline value for EB.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"30 ","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12086096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental noise perception and risk of poor mental health in a region on the Mediterranean coast of Spain.","authors":"Andreu Nolasco, Jesús Rabasco, Nayara Tamayo-Fonseca, Javier Casillas-Clot, Pamela Pereyra-Zamora","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.25-00015","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.25-00015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exposure to environmental noise may have a negative impact on a population's mental health. We estimated the prevalence of exposure perception to high environmental noise in the Valencian Community, a region on the Mediterranean coast of Spain, and analysed its association with poor mental health risk, adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic and health status variables.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study based on a sample of 5.485 subjects, aged 15 or above, of the 2016 Valencian Community Health Survey. The risk of poor mental health was assessed via Goldberg's questionnaire, a highly standardized self-reported questionnaire designed to screen for general psychological distress in the general population. Noise perception were determined in the home environment based on individuals' responses to the Valencian Survey question about external noise problems. Sociodemographic variables, such as sex, age, level of education, or country of birth, and health variables, such as self-perceived health, or chronic diseases, were also considered. Logistic regression was used to estimate the Odds Ratios and confidence intervals of association between variables according to sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of poor mental health was 26.2% [n = 2665; 95% CI: 24.5-27.9] in men and 33.6% [n = 2820; 95% CI: 31.9-35.3] in women. A total of 7.8% [n = 5485; 95% CI: 6.8-8.8] presented exposure to high noise perception, with no differences according to sex. Being at risk of poor mental health was significantly associated (p < 0.05) with high noise perception after adjusting for the rest of the variables (OR: 2.16 [95% CI: 1.46-3.19] in men; 2.46 [95% CI: 1.72-3.50] in women).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the prevalence of exposure perception to high noise was not very high, population subgroups presenting high values were detected. High noise perception was related to the risk of poor mental health, regardless of other variables. Poor mental health risk was associated with exposure perception to high noise, other socioeconomic determinants, and health status. Improving noise exposure conditions could reduce the risk of poor mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"30 ","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12086095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between brominated flame retardants and obesity: a mediation analysis through markers of oxidative stress and inflammation.","authors":"Yue Fei, Yulan Cheng, Xiangdong Wang, Jialing Ruan, Dongnan Zheng, Haotian Cao, Xuehai Wang, Xiaoke Wang, Xinyuan Zhao, Jinxian Yang","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00328","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent studies have provided compelling evidence that exposure to brominated flame retardants (BFRs) can adversely affect human health. We aim to explore the potential impact of BFRs on adiposity and central obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) cycles conducted between 2009 and 2014 was used to study the connections between variables. After filtering, we analyzed a sample of 4,110 adults aged 20 years and above. Our goal was to examine the potential association between BFRs and consequences and investigate the part played by oxidative stress and inflammatory markers as intermediaries. To achieve this, we used advanced statistical methods such as weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, quantile-based g-computation (QGC), and the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings showed that among the examined chemicals, exposure to PBDE85 (weight: 41%), PBDE100 (24%), and PBB153 (23%) may be the dominant contributors to general obesity risk. Upon controlling for all variables that could impact the results, it was found that the QGC outcomes indicated a positive correlation between exposure to mixtures of brominated flame retardants and the occurrence of abdominal obesity (OR = 1.187, 95% CI: 1.056-1.334, p = 0.004). Significant contributions were made by PBDE85 (52%), PBB153 (27%), and PBDE100 (21%). Mediation analysis shows that lymphatic cells (LC) and albumin (ALB) partially mediate the link between brominated flame retardants and obesity. The results of BKMR are generally consistent with those of WQS and QGC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>At a population level, our research has revealed a noteworthy correlation between BFRs and obesity. However, further investigation is required through prospective cohort studies and in-depth mechanistic exploratory studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"30 ","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12086098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing mask-wearing behavior in the context of COVID-19 severity risks in the post-COVID-19 era: a Japanese Nationwide Epidemiological Survey in 2023.","authors":"Shingo Noguchi, Tomohiro Ishimaru, Kazuhiro Yatera, Yoshihisa Fujino, Masayoshi Zaitsu, Takahiro Tabuchi","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00138","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although the global COVID-19 mortality rate is decreasing, COVID-19 remains an infectious disease with a high mortality rate, especially in older adults and individuals with comorbidities. In Japan, mask-wearing has been left to individual discretion since March 13, 2023, but remains a key protective measure. This study aimed to identify factors influencing individual mask-wearing behavior in post COVID-19 era, with a focus on risk factors for severe COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 33,000 participants, obtained from the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey 2023, were used, which was conducted from September 25 to November 17, 2023. Participants were randomly selected from approximately 2.2 million panelists from a nationwide Japanese Internet research company, with sampling adjusted by age, sex, and living area to match the population distribution in Japan. The association between wearing a mask and risk factors for severe COVID-19 (age, sex, smoking, COVID-19 vaccination, history of COVID-19, body mass index (BMI), and comorbid conditions) was evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 28,481 individuals were included, of whom 18,371 (64.5%) answered that they wore masks. After adjusting for confounders, older age (adjusted relative risk [RR], 1.50; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.45-1.55 for \"75-83\" years), no history of COVID-19 (adjusted RR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.04-1.08), low BMI (adjusted RR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02-1.07), and increased number of comorbid conditions (adjusted RR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.05-1.18 for three or more) were significant positive factors for wearing a mask. In contrast, men (adjusted RR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.87-0.90), no COVID-19 vaccination (adjusted RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.76-0.81), and current smoking history (adjusted RR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.93-0.99) were significant negative factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We demonstrated that mask-wearing behavior differed based on individual risk factors for severe COVID-19, with some risk factors negatively influencing mask use in Japan. It may be necessary to recommend mask-wearing for these individuals, especially during situations such as COVID-19 epidemic season or the onset of epidemics, considering individual mask-wearing behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"30 ","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12127079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 4-year cohort study of the effects of PNPLA3 rs738409 genotypes on liver fat and fibrosis and gut microbiota in a non-fatty liver population.","authors":"Satoshi Sato, Chikara Iino, Takafumi Sasada, Keisuke Furusawa, Kenta Yoshida, Kaori Sawada, Tatsuya Mikami, Shinsaku Fukuda, Shigeyuki Nakaji, Hirotake Sakuraba","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00365","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many factors are associated with the development and progression of liver fat and fibrosis; however, genetics and the gut microbiota are representative factors. Moreover, recent studies have indicated a link between host genes and the gut microbiota. This study investigated the effect of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) rs738409 (C > G), which has been reported to be most involved in the onset and progression of fatty liver, on liver fat and fibrosis in a cohort study related to gut microbiota in a non-fatty liver population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cohort study included 214 participants from the health check-up project in 2018 and 2022 who had non-fatty liver with controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) values <248 dB/m by FibroScan and were non-drinkers. Changes in CAP values and liver stiffness measurement (LSM), liver-related items, and gut microbiota from 2018 to 2022 were investigated separately for PNPLA3 rs738409 CC, CG, and GG genotypes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline values showed no difference among the PNPLA3 rs738409 genotypes for any of the measurement items. From 2018 to 2022, the PNPLA3 rs738409 CG and GG genotype groups showed a significant increase in CAP and body mass index; no significant change was observed in the CC genotype group. LSM increased in all genotypes, but the rate of increase was highest in the GG genotype, followed by the CG and CC genotypes. Fasting blood glucose levels increased in all genotypes; however, HOMA-IR (Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance) increased significantly only in the GG genotype. HDL (high-density lipoprotein) and LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels significantly increased in all genotypes, whereas triglycerides did not show any significant changes in any genotype. As for the gut microbiota, the relative abundance of Feacalibacterium in the PNPLA3 rs738409 GG genotype decreased by 2% over 4 years, more than 2-fold compared to CC and GG genotypes. Blautia increased significantly in the CC group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that PNPLA3 G-allele carriers of non-fatty liver develop liver fat and fibrosis due to not only obesity and insulin resistance but also the deterioration of gut microbiota, which may require a relatively long course of time, even years.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"30 ","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of short-term exposure to ambient air pollutants on outpatient visits for respiratory diseases in children: a time series study in Yichang, China.","authors":"Lu Chen, Zhongcheng Yang, Yingdong Chen, Wenhan Wang, Chen Shao, Lanfang Chen, Xiaoyan Ming, Qiuju Zhang","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00373","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is growing evidence that the occurrence and severity of respiratory diseases in children are related to the concentration of air pollutants. Nonetheless, evidence regarding the association between short-term exposure to air pollution and outpatient visits for respiratory diseases in children remains limited. Outpatients cover a wide range of disease severity, including both severe and mild cases, some of which may need to be transferred to inpatient treatment. This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the impact of short-term ambient air pollution exposure on outpatient visits for respiratory conditions in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed data of the Second People's Hospital of Yichang from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2023, to conduct a time series analysis. The DLNM approach was integrated with a generalized additive model to examine the daily outpatient visits of pediatric patients with respiratory illnesses in hospital, alongside air pollution data obtained from monitoring stations. Adjustments were made for long-term trends, meteorological variables, and other influencing factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A nonlinear association was identified between PM_2.5, PM₁₀, O₃, NO₂, SO₂, CO levels and the daily outpatient visits for respiratory diseases among children. All six pollutants exhibit a hysteresis impact, with varying durations ranging from 4 to 6 days. The risks associated with air pollutants differ across various categories of children's respiratory diseases; notably, O₃ and CO do not show statistical significance concerning the risk of chronic respiratory conditions. Furthermore, the results of infectious respiratory diseases were similar with those of respiratory diseases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results indicated that short-term exposure to air pollutants may contribute to an increased incidence of outpatient visits for respiratory illnesses among children, and controlling air pollution is important to protect children's health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"30 ","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma club cell secretory protein reflects early lung injury: comprehensive epidemiological evidence.","authors":"Jiajun Wei, Jinyu Wu, Hongyue Kong, Liuquan Jiang, Yong Wang, Ying Guo, Quan Feng, Jisheng Nie, Yiwei Shi, Xinri Zhang, Xiaomei Kong, Xiao Yu, Gaisheng Liu, Fan Yang, Jun Dong, Jin Yang","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/ehpm.24-00335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is inaccurate to reflect the level of dust exposure through working years. Furthermore, identifying a predictive indicator for lung function decline is significant for coal miners. The study aimed to explored whether club cell secretory protein (CC16) levels can reflect early lung function changes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cumulative respiratory dust exposure (CDE) levels of 1,461 coal miners were retrospectively assessed by constructed a job-exposure matrix to replace working years. Important factors affecting lung function and CC16 were selected by establishing random forest models. Subsequently, the potential of CC16 to reflect lung injury was explored from multiple perspectives. First, restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were used to compare the trends of changes in lung function indicators and plasma CC16 levels after dust exposure. Then mediating analysis was performed to investigate the role of CC16 in the association between dust exposure and lung function decline. Finally, the association between baseline CC16 levels and follow-up lung function was explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median CDE were 35.13 mg/m³-years. RCS models revealed a rapid decline in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV₁), and their percentages of predicted values when CDE exceeded 25 mg/m³-years. The dust exposure level (<5 mg/m³-years) causing significant changes in CC16 was much lower than the level (25 mg/m³-years) that caused changes in lung function indicators. CC16 mediated 11.1% to 26.0% of dust-related lung function decline. Additionally, workers with low baseline CC16 levels experienced greater reductions in lung function in the future.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CC16 levels are more sensitive than lung indicators in reflecting early lung function injury and plays mediating role in lung function decline induced by dust exposure. Low baseline CC16 levels predict poor future lung function.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"30 ","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}