E-Journal Menara Perkebunan最新文献

{"title":"Aplikasi metabolit sekunder dari tiga isolat Pseudomonas fluorescens untuk mengendalikan penyakit antraknosa pada daun kakao","authors":"Fitrianti Fitrianti, Loekas Soesanto, E. Mugiastuti, Murti Wisnu Ragil Sastyawan, Abdul Manan","doi":"10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v90i1.483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v90i1.483","url":null,"abstract":"Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporoides is an important disease in cocoa. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of secondary metabolites derived from three isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens to control cocoa leaves anthracnose, and their influence on the growth of cocoa plants. The research was conducted at a smallholder cocoa plantation in Putat Village, Patuk District, Gunung Kidul Regency, Yogyakarta for four months. A randomized block design was used with four replicates and seven treatments consisted of control, application of secondary metabolites from P. fluorescens P60, P. fluorescens P20, P. fluorescens P8, combination P. fluorescens P60 + P20, P. fluorescens P60 + P8, and P. fluorescens P20 + P8. Variables observed were disease intensity, infection rate, number of healthy shoots and qualitative phenolic compound. Resultsof the research showed that the secondary metabolites of P. fluorescens P60, P20 and P8 alone or in combination  suppressed the disease intensity by42.01-54.50%. The infection rate caused by metabolite secondary of P. fluorescens P60, P20, P8, P. fluorescens P60+P20, P. fluorescens P60+P8,and P. fluorescens P20+P8 was 0.23; 0.25; 0.26; 0.26; 0.31; and 0.24 units/day, respectively. The secondary metabolites of P. fluorescens P60 increased the number of healthy shoots by 67.44 %. The secondary metabolites of P. fluorescens P60 increased phenolic compounds (tannin, saponin, and glycosides) in cocoa leaves.[Keyword: leaves anthracnose, Colletotrichum gloeosporoides, cocoa, secondary metabolites, Pseudomonas fluorescens] AbstrakAntraknosa yang disebabkan oleh Colletotrichum gloeosporioides merupakan penyakit penting pada tanaman kakao. Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji keefektifan metabolit sekunder dari tiga isolat Pseudomonas fluorescens untuk mengendalikan penyakit antraknosa pada daun kakao, serta pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kakao. Penelitian dilaksanakan di perkebunan kakao rakyat, Desa Putat, Kecamatan Patuk, Kabupaten Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta selama empat bulan. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok untuk menguji 7 perlakuan yang diulang 4 kali, perlakuan yang diuji adalah kontrol, aplikasi metabolit sekunder P. fluorescens P60, P. fluorescens P20, P. fluorescens P8, kombinasi P. fluorescens P60+P20, P. fluorescens P60+P8, dan P. fluorescens P20+P8. Variabel pengamatan meliputi intensitas penyakit, laju infeksi, jumlah tunas sehat, dan kandungan senyawa fenol secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan metabolit sekunder P. fluorescens P60, P20, dan P8 secara tunggal dan gabungan mampu menekan intensitas penyakit berkisar 42,01-54,50%. Laju infeksi perlakuan metabolit sekunder P. fluorescens P60, P. fluorescens P20, P. fluorescens P8, kombinasi P. fluorescens P60+P20, P. fluorescens P60+P8 dan P. fluorescens P20+P8 berturut-turut 0,23; 0,25; 0,26; 0,26; 0,31; dan 0,24 unit/hari. Metabolit sekunder P. fluorescens P60 meningkatkan jumlah tunas sehat sebesar ","PeriodicalId":11660,"journal":{"name":"E-Journal Menara Perkebunan","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89090132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing molasses as a low-cost carbon source for production of poly-hydroxy butyrate (PHB) using Burkholderia sp. B73 bacteria","authors":"D. Ratnaningrum, E. S. Endah, P. Lisdiyanti, S. Priatni, V. Saraswaty","doi":"10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.452","url":null,"abstract":"Burkholderia sp. has been reported as a poly-hydroxy-butyrate (PHB) producer. PHB is a natural polyester class with a wide range of applications in foods, medicines, and biomedicines. However, the high production cost of PHB may limit its potential. Molasses, a by-product of the sugarcane industry available abundantly, may be used as an alternative carbon source of PHB production. In this research, we aimed to evaluate PHB production by Burkholderia sp. B73 in fermentation media using molasses as an alternative carbon source. Small-scale experiments were performed in Erlenmeyer flasks on a shaker at 150 rpm and 30 °C to evaluate the best initial C/N ratio for biomass accumulation and PHB production. A set of parameters including bacterial growth, dry cell weight, yield, and FTIR spectrum of PHB were observed.  The results showed that molasses could be used to grow Burkholderia sp. B73 and the highest PHB production was obtained when a 20:1 C/N ratio of molasses was applied in the fermentation medium. In addition, when the initial pH was adjusted to 7.0, the highest PHB yield was also produced. More importantly, the use of molasses as a carbon source improved the PHB yield by nearly 2-fold compared with our previous report using a synthetic Ramsay’s minimal medium. In conclusion, the experiment results showed that molasses could be used as a low-cost carbon source for PHB production by Burkholderia sp. B73 bacteria.","PeriodicalId":11660,"journal":{"name":"E-Journal Menara Perkebunan","volume":"107 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80985979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sintesis gliserol ester berbasis asam oleat sawit dan karakteristik sifat fisika kimia","authors":"Firda Dimawarnita, Erliza Hambali, Tri Panji, .. Muslich, Yora Faramitha","doi":"10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.464","url":null,"abstract":"Peningkatan kapasitas produksi biodiesel menyebabkan meningkatnya produksi gliserol. Salah satu cara alternatif untuk meningkatkan nilai ekonomi gliserol adalah melalui esterifikasi gliserol menjadi surfaktan, yaitu gliserol ester (GE). Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan sintesis GE berbasis asam oleat sawit dengan waktu reaksi 180 menit menggunakan katalis p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA). Suhu sintesis yang digunakan, yaitu:140, 160, 180, dan 240°C. Hasil uji ANOVA dan Duncan (α = 0,05) menunjukkan bahwa suhu sintesis berpengaruh nyata pada rendemen, angka asam, dan viskositas. Proses sintesis GE optimum diperoleh pada suhu sintesis 160°C dengan nilai rendemen GE sebesar 95,66%, pH 7, nilai angka asam 11,28 mg KOH/g sampel, viskositas kinematis 75,76 cst, dan densitas 0,944 g cm-3. Suhu sintesis 160°C, 180°C, dan 240°C menghasilkan rendemen yang tinggi, berkisar 95,66-97,07% dan tidak berbeda nyata antara ketiganya. Analisis menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP) juga menghasilkan suhu terbaik untuk sintesis GE adalah 160°C. Produk GE yang terbentuk mengandung gugus ester, asam karboksilat, dan alkohol yang muncul pada 1240,41-1739,62 cm-1.[Kata kunci: biodiesel, esterifikasi, katalis PTSA, surfaktan]  ","PeriodicalId":11660,"journal":{"name":"E-Journal Menara Perkebunan","volume":"266 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83664962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inisiasi, pertumbuhan, dan perkembangan kalus embriogenik tanaman stevia (Stevia rebaudiana)","authors":"Masna Maya Sinta, Rizka Tamania Saptari, .. Sumaryono","doi":"10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.458","url":null,"abstract":"The leaves of sweetener plant Stevia rebaudiana contain secondary metabolites of steviol glycosides which are very sweet, with no calorie and zero glycemic index. Propagation of stevia by seeds is ineffective due to its low germination rate and diverse progenies. The tissue culture of stevia can be used to mass propagate rapidly and is commonly conducted by shoot multiplication. Up to now, the technology of somatic embryogenesis (SE) in stevia has not been successful yet. SE is developed to increase the production scale, rejuvenate clonal-propagated plants, and plant genetic transformation. The research objective was to develop protocols for the initiation, proliferation, and development of embryogenic calli of stevia as potential materials for SE. The explants used were young leaves, nodes, and internodes of axenic plantlets of stevia BX clone. The explants were cultured on MS solid media containing different concentrations of auxin and cytokinin for callus initiation. Callus emerged after 2-3 weeks of culture. The calli obtained were proliferated by subculturing several times as material stocks for indirect SE. MS solid media added with 1 µM 3,4-D and 16 mM CaCl2 gave the highest callus multiplication rate (4.7 times in 3 weeks). The selection of embryogenic calli was made continuously to obtain a pure line of embryogenic calli. Three types of calli attained were friable, fast-growing, yellowish calli, shiny nodular calli, and greenish nodular calli. Histological studies revealed that cells of the nodular calli had been differentiated to potentially formed somatic embryos.","PeriodicalId":11660,"journal":{"name":"E-Journal Menara Perkebunan","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84870394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respons tanaman tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) terhadap aplikasi konsorsium biostimulan di tiga tipologi lahan","authors":"Ciptadi Achmad Yusup, Deddy Purwantoro, H. Widiastuti, .. Siswanto, D. Santoso, .. Priyono","doi":"10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.457","url":null,"abstract":"The consortium biostimulant combines several types of biostimulant applied holistically, such as phytohormones to induce physiological processes, humic acid to improve nutrition intake and land fertility, and biofertilizer arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to improve abiotic stress tolerance. The objectives of this research were to analyze the effect of application consortium biostimulant on the growth and productivity of Bululawang sugarcane variety planted in three land typologies, i.e. irrigated heavy soil with good drainage (BPL), irrigated heavy soil with poor drainage (BPJ), and rainfed light soil with good drainage (RHL). The research was conducted on plant cane (PC) sugarcane areal in Lumajang Regency, East Java, from July 2019 to September 2020. The treatment plot area was 1 ha for each land typologies, and the observation were conducted on 10 m plant row with ten times replications. Each treatment was replicated ten times. The results showed that the application of consortium biostimulant could induce faster growth of sugarcane shoots and better roots at one month after planting (MAP). Stalk height and diameter showed significantly different values between treatment and control at the plant age 6 to 12 MAP. In addition, the sugarcane stalk weight per meter row also increases by 13.72 – 28.57%. The growth performance of sugarcane on a commercial scale increased, also sugarcane productivity increased by 11.08 – 20.36%. The potential sugar yield increased by 15.05% in BPL land typology, 4.9% in BPJ land typology, and 9.7% in RHL land typology. The difference in land typologies affected the effectiveness of the consortium biostimulant application in increasing sugarcane productivity.","PeriodicalId":11660,"journal":{"name":"E-Journal Menara Perkebunan","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90788317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization on Na and Ca bentonite activation using response surface method for increasing selectivity of stevioside in stevia extract","authors":"Ayu Saraswati, E. Noor, T. Sunarti","doi":"10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.459","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for stevia extract consumption as an alternative sweetener that contains stevioside with zero-calorie is increasing. However, dark color and high tannin content from stevia leaf extract causes a disturbing aftertaste and reduces interest in consumption. Therefore, the purification process is a mandatory step to be done. Several studies on purification methods show the best approach by adsorption using bentonite. However, natural bentonite has limited adsorption capacity and low selectivity. An activation with acid and high temperature is expected to increase the adsorption capacity of color and its selectivity on maintaining the stevioside at the extract. This study aimed to obtain the optimum acid concentration and temperature for the activation using the Response Surface Method (RSM) experimental design and its application to the purification of stevia leaf extract. Based on the parameter of methylene blue number, the most optimum concentration of H2SO4 used for activation was 0.17 N for both natural bentonite. The heating temperature was 358°C for Na-bentonite and 481°C for Ca bentonite. The maximum adsorption capacities of activated Na and Ca-bentonite were increased from 15.65 and 38.23 mg g-1 to 197.72 and 169.52 mg g-1, respectively. The best adsorbent used for purification is Ca-activated, which increased extract clarification up to 81.37% at 655 nm and 86.64% at 410 nm compared to natural Ca bentonite. It also reduced tannin up to 97.46% and was more selective to recover 50.64% stevia content in the solution, which was higher than other previously reported studies.","PeriodicalId":11660,"journal":{"name":"E-Journal Menara Perkebunan","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85393801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peningkatan kadar capsaicin tanaman Capsicum annuum cv. Lado pada kondisi kekeringan menggunakan kitosan","authors":"M. Aziz, Sri Wahyuni, Fenny Martha Dwivanny, R. R. Esyanti","doi":"10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.423","url":null,"abstract":"AbstrakCabai merah (Capsicum annuum) merupakan jenis sayuran yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi. Saat kekeringan, kemampuan bertahan hidup tanaman tersebut sering kali menurun, sehingga diperlukan upaya untuk meningkatkan ketahanannya. Kitosan dikenal sebagai elisitor ketahanan tanaman terhadap infeksi patogen melalui induksi sintesis metabolit sekunder senyawa golongan fenol seperti capsaicin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi kitosan 1 mg mL-1 terhadap peningkatan kadar capsaicin dan ekspresi gen PAL1 tanaman cabai merah cv. Lado pada kondisi kekeringan. Serial perlakuan terdiri dari kitosan (Chi), kombinasi kitosan dan kekeringan (Chi-D), kekeringan (D) dan kontrol (C) yang diaplikasikan saat tanaman memasuki fase generatif. Parameter yang diamati meliputi analisis ekspresi gen PAL1, aktivitas enzim PAL dan kadar capsaicin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi kitosan 1 mg mL-1 saat kekeringan menurunkan level ekspresi gen PAL1 0,61 kali dan aktivitas enzim PAL 0,94 kali dibanding kontrol. Sebaliknya, kadar capsaicin meningkat 2,46 kali dibandingkan kontrol, sehingga aplikasi kitosan 1 mg mL-1 saat kekeringan diduga dapat meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman tersebut terhadap infeksi patogen.","PeriodicalId":11660,"journal":{"name":"E-Journal Menara Perkebunan","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83728263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of inoculum and glucose addition on polyhydroxyalkanoate production by Brevibacterium sp. B45","authors":"D. Ratnaningrum, E. S. Endah, A. H. Abdullah, V. Saraswaty, P. Lisdiyanti, Eva Frasnawaty, Sri Priatini","doi":"10.22302/IRIBB.JUR.MP.V89I1.387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22302/IRIBB.JUR.MP.V89I1.387","url":null,"abstract":"Petroleum-based plastics are the major cause of environmental pollution because the plastics need years to be degraded. The difficulties in handling waste of petroleum-based plastic have motivated researchers to produce environmentally friendly plastic materials that are biologically degradable; one of them is polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA). Polyhydroxyalkanoate is natural biodegradable biopolymers produced by bacteria as an intracellular carbon  and  energy storage. This polymer is an alternative source of plastics  with similar physical properties to petroleum-based plastic.It can be easily biodegraded aerobically and anaerobically. This study examined the potential of one superior isolate as PHA producers, i.e.,Brevibacterium sp. B45. Brevibacterium sp. B45 was cultivated in Ramsay’s minimal medium with inoculum concentrations were 1, 2, and 3% (v/v)and glucose concentrations were 1, 3, and 5% (w/v). The cultivation of  Brevibacterium sp. B45 was carried out in a 500 mL Erlenmeyer flask on a shaker incubator with 150 rpm and 30 oC for 72 hours. PHA recovery was carried out by chloroform extraction and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) methods. The highest yield of dried biomass (2.92%) was obtained using 3% inoculum and 3% glucose. The melting temperature (Tm), enthalpy (ΔHf), and crystallinity (Xc) of the PHA product were 172.1 °C, 61.04 J g-1, and 41.08%, respectively. Data of SEM show that a porous surface characterized morphological of purified PHA grains. The functional units of purified PHA grains were C=O, CH3, C-O, C-O-C, C-C, C-H, and -OH. The purified PHA grains show a similar spectrum to the standard Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB). Therefore, it could be assumed that PHA produced by Brevibacterium sp. B45 was most likely PHB.","PeriodicalId":11660,"journal":{"name":"E-Journal Menara Perkebunan","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83073713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in chemical constituents and overall acceptability of papaya jam fortified with soya protein during storage","authors":"D. Pinandoyo, Arisadi Masnar","doi":"10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v88i1.361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v88i1.361","url":null,"abstract":"Processed fruit products commonly contain very low protein due to the heat treatment during processing period. This article presents the researchresults concerning the increase of nutrition value of papaya jam fortified with soya protein concentrate. Papaya jam prepared with ratio 40:1, 40:2, 40:3, 40:4, and 40:5 (v/v) of papaya pulp and soya protein concentrate. The treatment of papaya jam and soya protein with the highest acceptability was then analyzed for the changes in chemical constituents and overall acceptability at monthly interval during three months of storage. The parameters that being analyzed were moisture content, total soluble solids (TSS), pH, total and reducing sugars, non-enzymatic browning, acidity, ascorbic acid, total carotenoid, total phenol, crude protein, and total plate count.  The results showed that fortified papaya jams prepared with papaya pulp and soy protein concentrate ratio at 40:1 had the highest acceptability. During storage time it revealed that moisture content, TSS, pH, total and reducing sugars, and non-enzymatic browning increased, while acidity, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, phenols, total antioxidants and crude protein contents of jam decreased. Fortification of papaya jam with soya protein concentrate (40:1 v/v) increased crude protein content on average from 3.15% to 4.16%. Total plate count (TPC) indicated that no microbial contamination during 3 months storage period. It can be concluded that papaya jam fortified with soya protein concentrate remained acceptable during storage although the acceptability decreased over time.","PeriodicalId":11660,"journal":{"name":"E-Journal Menara Perkebunan","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86890544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peningkatan kemurnian selulosa dan karboksimetil selulosa (CMC) hasil konversi limbah TKKS melalui perlakuan NaOH 12%","authors":"Firda Dimawarnita, Tri Panji, Yora Faramitha","doi":"10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v87i2.339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v87i2.339","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractCarboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a versatile additive whose needs are fulfilled by imports. This becomes an opportunity to develop local CMC products. CMC can be synthesized from the cellulose of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB). The use of OPEFB as a mixed ingredient of oyster mushroom growing media (baglog) could help the delignification process of OPEFB. Cellulose purified from baglog OPEFB waste using NaOH 10% treatment only produced α-cellulose 80.2% which then being converted to CMC with the purity of 73.4%. Low purity of this CMC did not meet the standard for food-grade which requires purity above 99.5%. This study aimed to improve the purity of cellulose from baglog OPEFB waste by using NaOH 12% treatment. In this way, the purity of the resulting CMC would be expected higher. The resulting CMC product was observed using SEM, FTIR and XRD. The result showed that α-cellulose obtained increased to 84.54% by using 12% NaOH treatment. The resulting CMC had a higher purity level (95.24%). Efforts to increase the degree of substitution and viscosity are still needed to achieve specifications that meet the quality standards of SNI. FTIR and XRD results showed that the characteristics of CMC produced from baglog OPEFB waste were close to commercial CMC as indicated by their functional groups and degree of crystallinity.[Keywords: FTIR, white oyster mushroom, baglog waste, OPEFB, XRD]AbstrakKarboksimetil selulosa(CMC) merupakan zat aditif serbaguna yang kebutuhannyamasihdipenuhi melalui impor. Hal ini menjadi peluang untuk mengembangkan produk CMC lokal.CMC dapat disintesis dari selulosa tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS).  Penggunaan TKKS sebagai campuran media pertumbuhan (baglog) jamur tiram putih dapat membantu proses delignifikasi TKKS. Selulosa yang dimurnikan dari limbah TKKS baglog menggunakan perlakuan NaOH 10% hanya menghasilkan α-selulosa sebanyak 80,2%, yang kemudian dikonversi menjadi CMC dengan kemurnian 73,4%. Tingkat kemurnian yang tergolong rendah tersebut tidak memenuhi mutu CMC untuk pangan yang mensyaratkan tingkat kemurnian diatas 99,5%.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemurnian selulosa dari limbah TKKS baglog melalui perlakuan menggunakan NaOH 12%. Dengan cara ini, kemurnian CMC yang dihasilkan diharapkan lebih tinggi. Produk CMC yang dihasilkan diamati menggunakan SEM, FTIR dan XRD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa α-selulosa yang diperoleh meningkat menjadi 84,54% pada ekstraksi menggunakan NaOH 12%. CMC yang dihasilkan memiliki tingkat kemurnian yanglebihtinggi, yaitu:95,24%. Upaya untuk meningkatkannilai derajat substitusidan viskositas masih diperlukan untuk mencapai spesifikasi yang memenuhi mutu standar SNI. Hasil FTIR dan XRD menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik CMC yang dihasilkan dari limbah TKKS baglog sudah mendekati CMC komersial ditinjau dari gugus fungsi dan derajat kristalinitasnya.    [Kata kunci: FTIR, jamur tiram putih, limbah  baglog, TKKS, XRD]","PeriodicalId":11660,"journal":{"name":"E-Journal Menara Perkebunan","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73777801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}