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Attribution of Salmonella enterica to Food Sources by Using Whole-Genome Sequencing Data
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.3201/eid3104.241172
Erica Billig Rose, Molly K. Steele, Beth Tolar, James Pettengill, Michael Batz, Michael Bazaco, Berhanu Tameru, Zhaohui Cui, Rebecca L. Lindsey, Mustafa Simmons, Jess Chen, Drew Posny, Heather Carleton, Beau B. Bruce
{"title":"Attribution of Salmonella enterica to Food Sources by Using Whole-Genome Sequencing Data","authors":"Erica Billig Rose, Molly K. Steele, Beth Tolar, James Pettengill, Michael Batz, Michael Bazaco, Berhanu Tameru, Zhaohui Cui, Rebecca L. Lindsey, Mustafa Simmons, Jess Chen, Drew Posny, Heather Carleton, Beau B. Bruce","doi":"10.3201/eid3104.241172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3104.241172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><em>Salmonella enterica</em> bacteria are a leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States; however, most <em>Salmonella</em> illnesses are not associated with known outbreaks, and predicting the source of sporadic illnesses remains a challenge. We used a supervised random forest model to determine the most likely sources responsible for human salmonellosis cases in the United States. We trained the model by using whole-genome multilocus sequence typing data from 18,661 <em>Salmonella</em> isolates from collected single food sources and used feature selection to determine the subset of loci most influential for prediction. The overall out-of-bag accuracy of the trained model was 91%; the highest prediction accuracy was for chicken (97%). We applied the trained model to 6,470 isolates from humans with unknown exposure to predict the source of infection. Our model predicted that &gt;33% of the human-derived <em>Salmonella</em> isolates originated from chicken and 27% were from vegetables.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Onset of Alpha-Gal Syndrome after Tick Bite, Washington, USA
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.3201/eid3104.240577
William K. Butler, Hanna N. Oltean, Elizabeth A. Dykstra, Eleanor Saunders, Johanna S. Salzer, Scott P. Commins
{"title":"Onset of Alpha-Gal Syndrome after Tick Bite, Washington, USA","authors":"William K. Butler, Hanna N. Oltean, Elizabeth A. Dykstra, Eleanor Saunders, Johanna S. Salzer, Scott P. Commins","doi":"10.3201/eid3104.240577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3104.240577","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We describe a case of alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) in a resident of Washington, USA, after local <em>Ixodes pacificus</em> tick bites, which were associated with IgE increases after diagnosis. AGS should be considered a potential cause of anaphylactic and allergic reactions in persons with tick exposures, regardless of geographic residence.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Predictive Model for Estimating Annual Ebolavirus Spillover Potential
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.3201/eid3104.241193
Carson T. Telford, Brian R. Amman, Jonathan S. Towner, Joel M. Montgomery, Justin Lessler, Trevor Shoemaker
{"title":"Predictive Model for Estimating Annual Ebolavirus Spillover Potential","authors":"Carson T. Telford, Brian R. Amman, Jonathan S. Towner, Joel M. Montgomery, Justin Lessler, Trevor Shoemaker","doi":"10.3201/eid3104.241193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3104.241193","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Forest changes, human population dynamics, and meteorologic conditions have been associated with zoonotic <em>Ebolavirus</em> spillover into humans. High-resolution spatial data for those variables can be used to produce estimates of spillover potential and assess possible annual changes. We developed a model of <em>Ebolavirus</em> spillover during 2001–2021, accounting for variables measured across multiple spatial and temporal scales. We estimated the annual relative odds of <em>Ebolavirus</em> spillover during 2021 and 2022. The highest relative spillover odds estimates occurred in patches that closely followed spatial distribution of forest loss and fragmentation. Regions throughout equatorial Africa had increased spillover estimates related to changes in forests and human populations. Spillover events in 2022 occurred in locations in the top 0.1% of overall spillover odds estimates or where estimates increased from 2021 to 2022. This model can be used to preemptively target surveillance to identify outbreaks and mitigate disease spread and educate the public on risk factors for infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Foodborne Illness Acquired in the United States—Major Pathogens, 2019
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.3201/eid3104.240913
Elaine J. Scallan Walter, Zhaohui Cui, Reese Tierney, Patricia M. Griffin, Robert M. Hoekstra, Daniel C. Payne, Erica B. Rose, Carey Devine, Angella Sandra Namwase, Sara A. Mirza, Anita K. Kambhampati, Anne Straily, Beau B. Bruce
{"title":"Foodborne Illness Acquired in the United States—Major Pathogens, 2019","authors":"Elaine J. Scallan Walter, Zhaohui Cui, Reese Tierney, Patricia M. Griffin, Robert M. Hoekstra, Daniel C. Payne, Erica B. Rose, Carey Devine, Angella Sandra Namwase, Sara A. Mirza, Anita K. Kambhampati, Anne Straily, Beau B. Bruce","doi":"10.3201/eid3104.240913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3104.240913","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Estimating the number of illnesses caused by foodborne pathogens is critical for allocating resources and prioritizing interventions. We estimated the number of illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths in the United States caused by 7 major foodborne pathogens by using surveillance data and other sources, adjusted for underreporting and underdiagnosis. <em>Campylobacter</em> spp., <em>Clostridium perfringens</em>, invasive <em>Listeria monocytogenes</em>, norovirus, nontyphoidal <em>Salmonella</em> serotypes, and Shiga toxin–producing <em>Escherichia coli</em> caused ≈9.9 million (90% credible interval [CrI] 5.9–15.4 million) domestically acquired foodborne illnesses in 2019. Together with <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em>, those pathogens caused 53,300 (90% CrI 35,700–74,500) hospitalizations and 931 (90% CrI 530‒1,460) deaths. Norovirus caused most illnesses (≈5.5 million illnesses, 22,400 hospitalizations), followed by <em>Campylobacter</em> spp. (1.9 million illnesses, 13,000 hospitalizations) and nontyphoidal <em>Salmonella</em> serotypes (1.3 million illnesses, 12,500 hospitalizations). <em>Salmonella</em> infection was the leading cause of death (n = 238). Foodborne illness estimates can inform policy and direct food safety interventions that reduce those illnesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alpha-Gal Syndrome after Ixodes scapularis Tick Bite and Statewide Surveillance, Maine, USA, 2014–2023
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.3201/eid3104.241265
Eleanor F. Saunders, Haris Sohail, Devin J. Myles, Dawn Charnetzky, Bryan N. Ayres, William L. Nicholson, Scott P. Commins, Johanna S. Salzer
{"title":"Alpha-Gal Syndrome after Ixodes scapularis Tick Bite and Statewide Surveillance, Maine, USA, 2014–2023","authors":"Eleanor F. Saunders, Haris Sohail, Devin J. Myles, Dawn Charnetzky, Bryan N. Ayres, William L. Nicholson, Scott P. Commins, Johanna S. Salzer","doi":"10.3201/eid3104.241265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3104.241265","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the United States, alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) is primarily associated with lone star tick (<em>Amblyomma americanum</em>) bites. We describe AGS onset after an <em>I. scapularis</em> tick bite and present AGS surveillance in Maine, 2014–2023. US health and public health professionals should be aware of AGS outside the established lone star tick range.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"191 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recent and Forecasted Increases in Coccidioidomycosis Incidence Linked to Hydroclimatic Swings, California, USA
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.3201/eid3105.241338
Simon K. Camponuri, Alexandra K. Heaney, Gail Sondermeyer Cooksey, Duc J. Vugia, Seema Jain, Daniel L. Swain, John Balmes, Justin V. Remais, Jennifer R. Head
{"title":"Recent and Forecasted Increases in Coccidioidomycosis Incidence Linked to Hydroclimatic Swings, California, USA","authors":"Simon K. Camponuri, Alexandra K. Heaney, Gail Sondermeyer Cooksey, Duc J. Vugia, Seema Jain, Daniel L. Swain, John Balmes, Justin V. Remais, Jennifer R. Head","doi":"10.3201/eid3105.241338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3105.241338","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 2023, California reported near–record high coccidioidomycosis cases after a dramatic transition from drought to heavy precipitation. Using an ensemble model, we forecasted 12,244 cases statewide during April 1, 2024–March 31, 2025, a 62% increase over cases reported 2 years before and on par with case counts for 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143640813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Leveraging a Strategic Public–Private Partnership to Launch an Airport-Based Pathogen Monitoring Program to Detect Emerging Health Threats
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.3201/eid3113.241407
Cindy R. Friedman, Robert C. Morfino, Ezra T. Ernst
{"title":"Leveraging a Strategic Public–Private Partnership to Launch an Airport-Based Pathogen Monitoring Program to Detect Emerging Health Threats","authors":"Cindy R. Friedman, Robert C. Morfino, Ezra T. Ernst","doi":"10.3201/eid3113.241407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3113.241407","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Airport-based pathogen monitoring is a critical tool that can contribute to early detection and characterization of existing and new pathogen threats. A novel public–private partnership between an airport spa group, a biotech company, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was instrumental in establishing a multimodal pathogen genomic surveillance program at US international airports. That public–private partnership addressed critical challenges that neither party could overcome independently, resulting in the development and deployment of a scalable, flexible early warning system for pathogen detection and public health monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"125 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143640814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clinical and Epidemiologic Characteristics of Mpox Cases, Dominican Republic, July 2022–February 2023
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.3201/eid3105.241299
Robert Paulino-Ramirez, Wilfredo Rafael Matias, Hector Lora-Rodríguez, Grey Benoît, Joel Ureña, Monica Thormann, Ronald Skewes-Ramm
{"title":"Clinical and Epidemiologic Characteristics of Mpox Cases, Dominican Republic, July 2022–February 2023","authors":"Robert Paulino-Ramirez, Wilfredo Rafael Matias, Hector Lora-Rodríguez, Grey Benoît, Joel Ureña, Monica Thormann, Ronald Skewes-Ramm","doi":"10.3201/eid3105.241299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3105.241299","url":null,"abstract":"<p>During July 2022–February 2023, mpox was confirmed in 71 of 283 suspected cases in the Dominican Republic; 32.4% of patients were women, and 22.5% children &lt;10 years of age. We found differences in transmission compared with global trends, emphasizing the need for continued surveillance, diagnostics, and public health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143640811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Yellow Fever Virus in Mosquitoes from Rainforest Bordering Manaus, Brazil, 2022 2022 年巴西马瑙斯周边雨林蚊子体内的黄热病病毒
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.3201/eid3104.240108
Victória Bernardi, Lívia Sacchetto, Adam Hendy, Nelson F. Fé, Igor Teixeira, Beatriz de C. Marques, Kathryn A. Hanley, Maria P.G. Mourão, Marcus V.G. Lacerda, Nikos Vasilakis, Maurício L. Nogueira
{"title":"Yellow Fever Virus in Mosquitoes from Rainforest Bordering Manaus, Brazil, 2022","authors":"Victória Bernardi, Lívia Sacchetto, Adam Hendy, Nelson F. Fé, Igor Teixeira, Beatriz de C. Marques, Kathryn A. Hanley, Maria P.G. Mourão, Marcus V.G. Lacerda, Nikos Vasilakis, Maurício L. Nogueira","doi":"10.3201/eid3104.240108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3104.240108","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We detected yellow fever virus in <em>Haemagogus</em> mosquitoes collected in 2022 in an Amazon rainforest bordering Manaus, Brazil. The viral genome sequence occupied a basal position within the South American I genotype 1E lineage. Our findings reinforce the Amazon Basin as a source for yellow fever virus re-emergence.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143635688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nipah Virus Detection in Pteropus hypomelanus Bats, Central Java, Indonesia
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.3201/eid3104.241872
Dimas Bagus Wicaksono Putro, Arief Mulyono, Esti Rahardianingtyas, Aryo Ardanto, Arum Sih Joharina, Muhammad Choirul Hidajat, Yusnita Mirna Anggraeni, Ristiyanto Ristiyanto, Tika Viona Sari, N.L.P. Indi Dharmayanti, Triwibowo Ambar Garjito, R. Tedjo Sasmono
{"title":"Nipah Virus Detection in Pteropus hypomelanus Bats, Central Java, Indonesia","authors":"Dimas Bagus Wicaksono Putro, Arief Mulyono, Esti Rahardianingtyas, Aryo Ardanto, Arum Sih Joharina, Muhammad Choirul Hidajat, Yusnita Mirna Anggraeni, Ristiyanto Ristiyanto, Tika Viona Sari, N.L.P. Indi Dharmayanti, Triwibowo Ambar Garjito, R. Tedjo Sasmono","doi":"10.3201/eid3104.241872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3104.241872","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nipah virus, a zoonotic virus with a high mortality rate, threatens people from Indonesia because of its proximity to affected regions and the presence of bat reservoirs. Molecular screening of 64 <em>Pteropus hypomelanus</em> bats in Central Java detected 2 positive bats. Public health authorities should increase surveillance to help prevent human transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143635750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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