Engineering Fracture Mechanics最新文献

{"title":"The Capriccio method as a versatile tool for quantifying the fracture properties of glassy materials under complex loading conditions with chemical specificity","authors":"Felix Weber ,&nbsp;Maxime Vassaux ,&nbsp;Lukas Laubert ,&nbsp;Sebastian Pfaller","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2026.111841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2026.111841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are widely used to provide insights into fracture mechanisms while maintaining chemical specificity. However, particle-based techniques such as MD are limited in terms of accessible length scales and applicable boundary conditions, which restricts the investigation of fracture phenomena in typical engineering settings. In an attempt to overcome these limitations, we apply the partitioned-domain Capriccio method to couple atomistic MD samples representing silica glass with the finite element (FE) method. With this approach, we perform mode I (rectangular panel under tension, three-, and four-point bending), mode II as well as mode III (rectangular panel under in-plane or out-of-plane shear) simulations. Thereby, we investigate multiple criteria to identify the onset of crack propagation based on the virial stress, the number of pair interactions, the kinetic energy/temperature, the crack velocity, and the crack opening displacement. It becomes apparent that the maximum virial stress can actually serve as an objective and meaningful indicator for the start of crack growth, in contrast to, for example, the temperature evolution The approach presented provides quantitatively plausible results for the critical stress intensity factors <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>Ic</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>IIc</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>, and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>IIIc</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>. This contribution shows that the Capriccio method is a flexible means of performing fracture simulations that take into account boundary conditions typical of experimental test setups with atomistic specificity near the crack tip. While also pointing out the current limitations of the Capriccio method, we demonstrate its potential to integrate atomistic insights into FE models with significantly larger overall dimensions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 111841"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced cellulose paper interfaces with MWCNT/Graphene for improved structural health monitoring and mechanical performance in CARALL","authors":"Tugay Üstün ,&nbsp;Ebru Saraloğlu Güler ,&nbsp;Volkan Eskizeybek","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2026.111857","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2026.111857","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon fiber reinforced aluminum laminates (CARALL) suffer from weak metal–composite interfaces and the lack of built-in damage sensing. Here, cellulose paper interleaves loaded with hybrid multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene (5–9 wt% at 160 or 210 g/m²) are fabricated by conventional papermaking and inserted at the Al/CFRP interface. CARALL panels were produced via hand lay-up and vacuum bagging and evaluated under tensile, three-point flexural, and Mode-I fracture tests, with damage events monitored in situ through piezoresistive electrical resistance measurements (ΔR/R). The 210 g/m² paper with 9 wt% hybrid nanofiller maintains baseline tensile strength and yields up to ∼ 20 % higher flexural strength versus unreinforced CARALL, while interlaminar fracture toughness increases during both initiation and propagation. Microscopic observations reveal fiber bridging/pull-out and crack deflection within the paper interlayer, while the formation of a percolated CNT/graphene network enables clear piezoresistive responses. Abrupt ΔR/R jumps were observed at final failure under tensile loading (approximately twofold), whereas event-correlated ΔR/R fluctuations were recorded during flexural and Mode-I fracture tests (typically in the range of ∼ 0.25–2 during flexure and − 0.5 to + 0.5 during double cantilever beam tests). The results demonstrate that lightweight, low-cost cellulose-nanocarbon interleaves simultaneously toughen CARALL and provide integrated structural health monitoring capability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 111857"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the fracture properties of Martian rocks based on microscale rock mechanical experiments and probability model","authors":"Shuohui Yin ,&nbsp;Yingjie Wang ,&nbsp;Yiheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Linling Li ,&nbsp;Jinggang Liu ,&nbsp;Shuitao Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2026.111850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2026.111850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The human space exploration activities on Mars, such as space observation stations and scientific research, etc., need the support of planetary geotechnical theory. Due to the rarity and arbitrary shapes of Martian rock samples, it is difficult to obtain their probability distribution of mechanical properties through the macroscale rock mechanics experiments (macro-RME) with standard samples. In this work, a novel and effective probabilistic method was proposed to estimate the probability distribution of mechanical and fracture properties of Martian rocks through the microscale rock mechanical experiments (micro-RME), probability model and energy-based method combined with the mechanical property correlation. Firstly, the minerals of the NWA12564 Martian meteorite were analyzed through the TESCAN Integrated Mineral Analyzer (TIMA) and grid nanoindentation tests. The optimal probability distribution of fracture toughness (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>K</mi><mi>C</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) was obtained through the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test and an energy method. Secondly, the probability distribution of macroscale fracture toughness (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>K</mi><mrow><mi>IC</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>) was derived by an upscaling method and Monte Carlo simulations (MCS). Thirdly, the probability distributions of tensile strength (<span><math><mrow><mi>TS</mi></mrow></math></span>) and unconfined compressive strength (<span><math><mrow><mi>UCS</mi></mrow></math></span>) were estimated by the mechanical property correlations with the macroscale fracture toughness <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>K</mi><mrow><mi>IC</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>. The research also indicated that, while the macroscale mechanical and fracture properties of Martian rocks follow a lognormal distribution, the microscopic fracture toughness of the five minerals may follow distinct probability distributions. The proposed method enables the estimation of the probability distribution of mechanical and fracture properties with arbitrarily shaped and sized Martian rocks, and the obtained properties provide support to the future Mars exploration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 111850"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A fusion framework of improved YOLOv8 and lightweight DeepLabv3 + for concrete bridge surface defect identification","authors":"Daihai Chen ,&nbsp;Xichao Ma ,&nbsp;Yunsen Zhang ,&nbsp;Shizhan Xu ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2026.111864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2026.111864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the increasing prevalence of bridge aging and overloading, traditional manual inspection methods suffer from low efficiency and strong subjectivity, making it difficult to achieve accurate and efficient damage recognition. In recent years, deep learning techniques have provided new solutions for the intelligent detection of bridge surface defects. This study investigates typical defects in concrete bridges, including cracks, exposed reinforcement, and spalling. To address the challenges of small-defect recognition in complex backgrounds and high computational complexity, an improved YOLOv8-based model integrating the Triplet Attention mechanism and a dynamic detection head (DyHead) is proposed for defect detection, while an enhanced semantic segmentation approach for concrete bridge surface defects is developed based on the DeepLabV3 + architecture. First, defect images of bridges in Henan Province were collected and annotated at the pixel level using the Labelme software, which were then converted into mask images. Data augmentation strategies, such as rotation and flipping, expanded the dataset to 5,155 images, followed by systematic labeling and partitioning. In the object detection task, the proposed YOLOv8 model with Triplet Attention and DyHead effectively enhanced defect feature extraction and multi-scale localization, achieving an [email protected] of 80.5 %, a 4.9 % improvement over the baseline. In the semantic segmentation task, a lightweight DeepLabV3 + model with MobileNetV3 as the backbone was constructed, incorporating the CBAM attention mechanism and a joint loss function. This design achieved an mIoU of 80.47 % while maintaining a relatively low parameter count (7.8 M), with an 8.2 % improvement in crack segmentation accuracy. The results demonstrate that the proposed methods outperform mainstream models in both accuracy and efficiency, providing a reliable solution for the intelligent recognition of concrete bridge surface defects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 111864"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase-field modelling of quasi-static and dynamic brittle fracture: A FreeFEM++ implementation","authors":"Andres F. Galvis","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2026.111846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2026.111846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents a robust phase-field formulation for brittle fracture, combining a quasi-monolithic solution strategy with a frozen history field, Houbolt time integration for dynamic/transient regimes, and adaptive remeshing in <span>FreeFEM++</span>. This approach enhances numerical robustness, simplifies parameter calibration, and facilitates extensions to multi-physics fracture problems. Despite widespread interest, building on this framework, a key contribution is the first open serial implementation of this framework in <span>FreeFEM++</span>, offering advantages in mesh adaptivity, solver flexibility, and concise variational syntax. The mesh adaptivity feature concentrates resolution near evolving crack tips to efficiently capture fracture evolution. The implementation is validated on standard benchmarks, showing close agreement with reference crack paths, load–displacement, and dissipated energy responses. By releasing a concise, well-documented <span>FreeFEM++</span> code, this work bridges a reproducibility gap and establishes a methodological foundation for future developments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 111846"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design strategy of overlapped composite joint integrating strength, flexibility and toughness","authors":"Tong Cui,&nbsp;Xiaofang Zhang,&nbsp;Yanan Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The variable wing requires a flexible skin composite that combines high strength, high toughness, and flexibility. Inspired by the layered arrangements found in biological structures such as fish scales, a novel gradient overlapped structural design strategy based on the span direction using thin ply has been proposed. Under three-point bending tests, experimental results demonstrate that the gradient overlapped laminates with thin ply can effectively mitigates the inherent brittle fracture of continuous fiber composite. Compared to continuous fiber designs, the bio-inspired overlapped design exhibits superior structural performance in terms of flexibility and damage tolerance. Particularly, the four-gradient overlap structure achieves an excellent balance between strength and toughness by integrating the advantages of continuous and short overlap configurations. Finite element simulations further reveal the significant advantages of “S-C type” special joints designs in enhancing the comprehensive mechanical performance of composites. The optimized special joint configurations demonstrate exceptional superiority in terms of toughness and flexibility. This study provides new insights and methodologies for the structural design of composite laminates, offering important guidance for engineering applications such as aircraft skin structures that require a balance between high strength and high toughness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 111836"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145882175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meso-scale simulation method for dynamic propagation behavior of concrete cracks around or through aggregates","authors":"Dong Li,&nbsp;Yan Liu,&nbsp;Liu Jin,&nbsp;Xiuli Du","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes an automated <em>meso</em>-scale numerical simulation method based on the extended self-consistent finite stress principle and the “static-dynamic unified” <em>meso</em>-fracture criterion, aiming to investigate the propagation behavior of concrete cracks either around or through aggregates under dynamic loads. This study mainly includes the following contributions. First, a strain rate-dependent elastic modulus subroutine is developed using Fortran, which overcomes the limitation of the Concrete Damaged Plasticity (CDP) model in characterizing the elastic modulus strengthening effect under dynamic uniaxial tension. Second, a dynamic propagation criterion for concrete cracks undergoing through-aggregate failure is established. Integrating <em>meso</em>-mechanical parameters and strain rate effects, this criterion can quantitatively predict whether cracks propagate through aggregates or along interfaces under dynamic loads. Further, two key improved technologies are proposed to enhance the authenticity of <em>meso</em>-scale simulations. One is defective aggregate modeling, i.e., presetting initial geometric defects at the aggregate-interfacial transition zone (ITZ) interface; the other is graded material property division, i.e., constructing a gradient transition layer of material properties in the mortar surrounding the ITZ to characterize the stress concentration caused by aggregate inclusions. Validation results in the single-aggregate model show that the ITZ crack length exhibits significant mesh sensitivity but is insensitive to strain rate. The constructed automated analysis framework can effectively simulate the dynamic propagation path of cracks around or through aggregates in single-aggregate systems, which is consistent with theoretical predictions. For multi-graded concrete, aggregate defects are located via image recognition technology, and the <em>meso</em>-scale dynamic propagation process of cracks around or through aggregates considering the stress interference effects between aggregates is successfully simulated. This study provides a theoretical framework and technical support for the multiscale predictive model of concrete dynamic fracture behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 111827"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145882173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the mixed mode crack propagation using a 2D BEM formulation combined with a Newton-Raphson/Arc-length iterative method: discussion about material bifurcation","authors":"Gabriela R. Fernandes ,&nbsp;Eduardo A. de Souza Neto ,&nbsp;José J.C. Pituba","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2026.111858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2026.111858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Numerical modeling of mixed mode cracks propagation is discussed by using a 2D Boundary Element formulation with Quadratic convergence applied to Strong Discontinuities (BEMQ-SD). This model is based on strong discontinuity technique embedded into a continuum medium. The criterion for material bifurcation is the singularity of the acoustic tensor, being the normal direction to the crack surface defined by its eigenvalue. Usually only one direction is related to this singularity, but we discuss examples where we can have two different directions associated with the material bifurcation. Thus, we propose an efficient criterion to identify the correct solution. The Arc-length method combined with the Newton-Raphson method is adopted to obtain the solution of the iterative procedure required to solve the equilibrium problem. This force control procedure is efficient and has low computational cost, achieving the solution with a small number of iterations. As numerical examples, we consider a plate with a fragile sub-domain subjected to pure shear and to a combination of loads, a single-edge notched shear test and two experimentally tested examples, which present a mixed-mode fracture configuration with multiple cracks. We show that the proposed model can find the correct solution, and it is accurate, stable and efficient, showing itself to be an alternative tool to FEM or XFEM models. An important advantage of BEM models is that is not necessary to discretize the domain that remains with elastic behavior, what reduces the computational effort.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 111858"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probabilistic parameter estimation and uncertainty quantification of mode I fracture in wood","authors":"Johannes Jonasson ,&nbsp;Johan Lindström ,&nbsp;Henrik Danielsson ,&nbsp;Erik Serrano","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The characterisation of wood’s fracture behaviour is a challenging task due to its inherently complex microstructure and natural variability. Consequently, to accurately model wood for engineering applications, deterministic input parameters are rarely sufficient in, for example, finite element models; the stochastic nature of the material must be considered. In the present work, we aim to quantify the variability in the fracture behaviour of two wood species: Norway spruce, which is commonly used for structural purposes in Europe, and birch, which could be an advantageous complement to Norway spruce, mainly thanks to its stiffer and stronger mechanical properties. The fracture behaviour is characterised through the three parameters that govern a material’s brittleness: the stiffness, the strength and the specific fracture energy. By formulating a parameter estimation problem based in probability theory, we use Bayesian optimisation to estimate statistical distributions of the fracture parameters of interest. These distributions are multi-variate distributions and thus contain information about the mean values, variability and dependence among the parameters. It is shown that by using random samples from the acquired distributions as input parameters to finite element models, variability observed in experimental testing is recovered well.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 111820"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical simulation of sulfate-eroded concrete structure based on a coupled chemical-transport-mechanical phase-field model","authors":"Jie Luo ,&nbsp;Qiao Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Chang ,&nbsp;Qiang Yue ,&nbsp;Zhangzhen Peng ,&nbsp;Chuqiao Feng ,&nbsp;Anli Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2026.111843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2026.111843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sulfate-induced cracking shortens the service life of concrete structures. Numerical modeling is a valuable tool for investigating the degradation process. Most previous models can assess the damage extent, but struggle to predict cracking induced by erosion. This study proposes a coupled chemical-transport-mechanical phase-field model to effectively simulate the cracking process of sulfate-eroded concrete. The diffusion–reaction process is modeled based on transport law and reaction kinetics. A simplified kinetic equation is employed to describe the calcium leaching phenomenon. By employing the phase-field model, discrete erosion cracks are converted into regularized cracks, enabling easy coupling of the cracking process with the diffusion–reaction process. The cracking driving force in the phase-field model is calculated by the expansion strain, which is derived by solving the diffusion–reaction model. A new piecewise function is used to describe the influence of cracks and pores on ion transport, achieving bidirectional coupling between the cracking and transport processes. By solving the phase-field equations, complex erosion cracks can be automatically predicted. The calculation results align well with experimental data and can reproduce the transverse cracks observed in the erosion-expansion experiment. Compared to other models, the proposed model achieves more accurate results with a larger residual error. Furthermore, the deterioration of concrete column corners under various factors is simulated, and the significance of different factors and their interactions is analyzed, providing new insights for enhancing the durability of concrete structures in sulfate environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 111843"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}