Engineering Fracture Mechanics最新文献

{"title":"Full-range fatigue life prediction model for corroded steel rebars: 3D pit-cracks coupling mechanism and validation","authors":"Jiebin Wu ,&nbsp;Shanhua Xu ,&nbsp;Anbang Li ,&nbsp;Youde Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the influence of the coupled effect of three-dimensional pitting-cracking on the fatigue life of corroded rebars. By introducing the concept of crack propagation ratios (<em>γ</em>_a, <em>γ</em>_c), the extent of crack propagation is quantitatively characterized. Through finite element calculations and analysis, a formula for the stress intensity factor (<em>K</em>) of the pitting-crack model is established, and the mechanism by which pitting significantly reduces the <em>K</em> value when <em>γ</em>_a &lt; 0.3 is revealed (<em>γ</em>_a, ranging from 0 to 1). Based on this, a predictive model for long crack propagation life (<em>N</em>_pl) is constructed using the Forman formula, and the calculation methods for crack initiation life (<em>N</em>_n) and short crack propagation life (<em>N</em>_ps) are modified using the surface defect size (<em>a</em>_s) corrected by pitting characteristics and the critical sizes for short/long cracks (<em>a</em>_sc). The results indicate that when <em>γ</em>_a is less than 0.3, the <em>K</em> value is significantly smaller than the <em>K</em>_EIFS corresponding to the equivalent surface crack method (EIFS), and fatigue failure primarily occurs within this range. This suggests that corrosion pits have a significant impact on <em>N</em>_n, <em>N</em>_ps, and <em>N</em>_pl. Based on experimental data, it has been proven that life is primarily composed of <em>N</em>_ps and <em>N</em>_pl, accounting for 60 %–88 % of the total life. The prediction error of the established model for the total life is generally within 15 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 111558"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of mode Ⅱ cohesive law obtained using the direct method with short-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic adhesively bonded end-notched flexure joints","authors":"Masaki Omiya ,&nbsp;Makoto Imanaka","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we utilized end-notched flexure (ENF) specimens constructed from short-glass-fiber-reinforced plastic bonded with epoxy adhesive to conduct ENF tests aimed at estimating cohesive zone model (CZM) parameters under mode II loading using a direct method. Two distinct types of <em>J</em>-integral values were evaluated during the analysis. The first treated the joint as an elastic body, corresponding to the energy release rate. The second accounted for the plastic deformation of the joint. Subsequently, we derived two sets of traction-separation laws (TSLs) by differentiating the two types of <em>J</em>-integral values with respect to the shear displacement of the crack tip. Finally, we performed finite element analysis on the ENF specimens using the two sets of CZM parameters obtained from the two identified TSLs. The resulting load–displacement curves were compared with experimentally acquired curves. The comparison revealed that the curve estimated using the CZM parameters based on the energy release rates was closely aligned more with the experimental curve than with that based on the <em>J</em>-integral values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 111560"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mode I crack propagation in hybrid unidirectional woven composite thin laminates","authors":"Christopher Sutcu,&nbsp;Zafer Kazancı","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thin composite laminates (&lt; 2 mm) with standard ply thicknesses (&gt; 100 µm) often exhibit unfavourable damage characteristics under impact loading, such as significant matrix deformations and delamination’s. Conversely, thin laminates composed of thin plies (&lt; 100 µm) demonstrate quasi-brittle properties, leading to failure modes dominated by fibre breakage. Approaches like Hybrid Unidirectional Woven Composite Laminates (HUWCL) and Selective Ply Level Hybridization (SPLH) have been explored in thicker laminates to strike a balance between matrix and fibre failure. This experimental study investigates the Mode I delamination behaviour at hybrid unidirectional and woven interfaces within thin laminates. Specifically, non-spread tow 150  g/m2 unidirectional (UD) layers are hybridised with spread tow (ST) UD, spread tow fabric (STF), and plain weave (PW) thin plies, interleaved at the mid-plane to assess the impact of fibre architecture on Mode I fracture toughness and the corresponding bridging laws. The study also examines the effect of relative angle change of the interleaves at the crack plane. Eight laminate configurations are evaluated: four with co-linear architectures (0°//0°) and four with angled orientations (45°//0°). Results indicate that hybridisation generally enhances Mode I fracture toughness, with ST UD plies at the crack plane showing the most significant improvement of 189 % compared to the non-hybridised control. Relative angle change of the interleaf at the crack plane largely had a positive effect on Mode I fracture toughness. This research provides insight into delamination behaviour between different architectures and ply orientations in thin laminates, which is currently lacking in the literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 111561"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strain monitoring and depth estimation for multiple surface cracks in steel structures using smart CFRP embedded with distributed fiber sensors","authors":"Huawen Ye ,&nbsp;Shuailong Hou ,&nbsp;Zhijun Luo ,&nbsp;Kangqian Xiong ,&nbsp;Xuan Yang ,&nbsp;Chaofan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The in-service strain monitoring and damage assessment of CFRP-reinforced steel structures exhibiting closely spaced cracks present a major challenge due to the large-range detection requirements and complex crack interactions. To address these challenges and broaden the practical application of smart CFRP systems—which integrate advanced CFRP materials with Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing (DOFS) technologies—this study proposes a two-phase framework for strain monitoring and crack depth estimation in steel structures with multiple surface cracks. A theoretical model incorporating Crack Opening Displacement (COD) and crack spacing was developed to quantify strain fields induced by multiple parallel cracks, including their interaction coefficients. Elasto-plastic adhesive behaviour was considered in deriving inverse explicit formulations to determine COD from distributed strain measurements. A COD-based inverse model was subsequently established to track crack depth evolution. Pre-cracked steel frame specimens bonded with smart CFRP (equipped with high-resolution PPP-BOTDA sensors) were subjected to experimental and numerical analyses. The results demonstrate that, multiple closely spaced cracks increase CFRP stress by up to 30 % compared to single-crack predictions. Crack interaction effects become non-negligible when spacing distances are within 5 times the crack depth. The proposed multi-crack model was experimentally validated for strain monitor and crack depth estimation under small-scale yielding conditions, with a discrepancy between theoretical predictions and experimental measurements of less than 8 %, demonstrating good agreement. The proposed smart CFRP embedded with distributed optical fibers will be well-suited for long-term strain monitoring and quantitative crack estimation in strengthened structures with multiple surface cracks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 111557"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acoustic emission-driven fractal analysis for damage warning in FRP-strengthened corroded RC beams","authors":"Tanbo Pan ,&nbsp;Xubing Xu ,&nbsp;Yonglai Zheng ,&nbsp;Liangqin Wu ,&nbsp;Chao Yang ,&nbsp;Beyazit Bestami Aydin ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Yubao Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel approach that integrates Acoustic Emission monitoring with fractal analysis to assess and predict damage progression in FRP-strengthened reinforced concrete beams subjected to corrosion-induced deterioration. By combining AE signals with fractal measures, specifically the correlation dimension, the research provides an effective tool for tracking internal damage evolution and offering early-warning indicators for structural health. The developed damage model identifies three distinct stages of damage: initial damage, damage evolution, and sustained growth. The study reveals that corrosion accelerates both the accumulation and rate of damage, with AE ring counts significantly increasing in moderately to severely corroded beams, indicating heightened crack activity and reduced structural capacity. The correlation dimension shows a strong relationship with the degree of damage, with higher values corresponding to more disordered internal damage. The correlation dimension evolves from an initial increase to a decrease as damage progresses, marking the transition from early to advanced degradation. These findings highlight that corrosion not only accelerates damage but also lowers the detection threshold for significant structural damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 111563"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction notice to “Dynamic tensile behavior and multi-scale failure mechanisms of NPR-bolted rock specimens” [Eng. Fract. Mech. 326 (2025) 111408]","authors":"Jun Yang ,&nbsp;Kexue Wang ,&nbsp;Yi Fang ,&nbsp;Wenhui Bian ,&nbsp;Qiang Fu ,&nbsp;Xiaohui He ,&nbsp;Qingshuo Hao ,&nbsp;Yihao Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111545","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 111545"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing the hole geometry of 2D plates for maximum tensile toughness","authors":"Matthias Rettl ,&nbsp;Martin Pletz ,&nbsp;Christoph Waly ,&nbsp;Clara Schuecker","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A tough material response is important in many fields and can be achieved for brittle materials by adding holes. In this work, a FEM approach is presented to maximize the tensile toughness of pre-cracked 2D plates by adding arbitrarily shaped holes. The initial crack is stopped by a hole and a new crack must initiate at a higher load. This fracture process is predicted using Taylor’s Point Method and Griffith’s criterion, which is estimated by Configurational Forces. The toughest plate, optimized in a level-set like approach, achieves a tensile toughness 4.5 times higher than a solid plate in all load directions. For comparison, experiments were conducted with selected designs that were laser cut into PMMA sheets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 111531"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic shear behavior and fracture characteristics of corrugated multi-interface Q245R/TA1/1060Al composite plate by explosive welding","authors":"Jianan Zhou ,&nbsp;Ning Luo ,&nbsp;Yabo Chai ,&nbsp;Yucheng Wei ,&nbsp;Hanliang Liang ,&nbsp;Jinhua Chen ,&nbsp;Zhibing Liu ,&nbsp;Yong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dynamic shear fracture is a typical failure mode under high-velocity impact, and the performance of explosively welded multilayer composite plates largely depends on the strength of the bonding interfaces. Therefore, elucidating the differences and anisotropy behaviors of the interfaces within Q245R/TA1/1060Al composite plate is crucial for structural optimization. An optimized S-shaped specimen was prepared, and based on previous studies, the dynamic shear stress intensity factor (DSSIF) calculation formula for the specimen was revised. It was assumed that secondary cracks were initiated from the notch tip of the S-shaped specimen. The DSSIF for these secondary cracks were determined using the finite element contour integral method. Subsequently, as the secondary crack length approached zero, the DSSIF for the S-shaped specimen was obtained. Combining digital image correlation (DIC) with Split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) systems to study the dynamic shear properties and failure mechanisms of multi-interface under varying orientations. Fracture macroscopic morphology and microstructural characteristics were characterized using 3D surface profiling and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The results demonstrated that the S-shaped specimens exhibited shear strain concentration and fracture failure at the predetermined interfaces, which confirmed that it was suitable for dynamic shear experiments. Although the dynamic shear fracture toughness (DSFT) of TA1/1060Al interface was substantially lower than that of TA1/Q245R interface, both interfaces showed significant positive strain-rate dependence. The distinctive wavy interfacial morphology formed by explosive welding resulted in anisotropic dynamic shear properties of the bonding interface. Specifically, the mechanically interlocked structure along the 0° sampling orientation contributes to significantly enhanced DSFT than 90° orientation. Additionally, the fracture surfaces morphology revealed an inverse correlation between impact velocity and fractal dimension values. Concurrently, the fracture surfaces identified by FESEM analysis exhibited mixed ductile–brittle failure modes. These findings offer insights for optimizing structural design in composite plate applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 111554"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An experimental and analytical study of the fatigue and fracture behaviour of ER70S-6 steel wire arc additively manufactured material","authors":"Jason Jun Seo Lee ,&nbsp;Mahirah Rohail ,&nbsp;Tam Nguyen ,&nbsp;Jim Galloway ,&nbsp;Eduardo Martins Fontes do Rêgo ,&nbsp;Mohamad T. Araji ,&nbsp;Scott Walbridge","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) offers promising potential for fabricating complex steel components in structural applications, yet the mechanical performance of materials fabricated using WAAM remains relatively underexplored. This study evaluates the static and cyclic behaviour of ER70S-6 steel WAAM-fabricated specimens with the loading direction oriented both parallel and perpendicular to the weld path. While tensile strength is seen to be comparable to mild steel, fatigue behaviour is seen to depend largely on surface roughness and vary significantly with print direction. Fatigue life is analyzed using International Institute of Welding (IIW) statistical methods to generate S-N curves, incorporating area corrections from 3D scans. Using this approach, detail categories are established according to the IIW recommendations and North American standards. Following this, a strain-based fracture mechanics (SBFM) model is used to evaluate fatigue performance, with notch factors obtained through a process of 3D scanning and finite element analysis. The findings underscore the influence of anisotropy and surface roughness on fatigue behaviour and demonstrate the applicability of fracture mechanics methods such as SBFM for evaluating WAAM materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 111552"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deterioration mechanisms of cantilever anti-slip pile rusting and swelling under acid rain erosion environment","authors":"Qingyang Ren ,&nbsp;Senlin Gao ,&nbsp;Honghua Jin ,&nbsp;Songqiang Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study utilized a self-developed “thrust load-acid rain erosion-dry-wet cycle” coupled experimental system. It analyzed the crack distribution patterns of pile bodies and clarified the distribution characteristics of steel reinforcement corrosion. Microscopic testing methods, such as XRD and SEM, were used to reveal the deterioration mechanism of cantilever anti-slide piles under acid rain erosion. A time-dependent model for the bearing performance of anti-slide piles was subsequently established. The results indicate that the horizontal thrust is positively correlated with the initial crack parameters (distribution width and quantity) of cantilever anti-slide piles, with crack spatial differentiation significantly concentrated on the tensile side. Moreover, an increase in load stress levels accelerates the process of concrete corrosion-induced cracking. The corrosion of steel reinforcement in cantilever anti-slide piles exhibits a longitudinal gradient distribution, intensifying from the pile top to the pile bottom, and shows a nonlinear positive correlation with load stress levels. The corrosion rate of stirrups (short limbs &gt; long limbs) is significantly higher than that of longitudinal tensile reinforcement, while high loads reduce the critical corrosion rate at the onset of initial corrosion cracking. By establishing a quantitative relationship model between steel reinforcement corrosion rate and corrosion-induced crack width, it was found that crack width is approximately linearly correlated with the corrosion rate. Acid rain erosion, through chemical dissolution, expansion-induced cracking, and stress synergy, accelerates the failure of the concrete protective layer and the corrosion of steel reinforcement in cantilever anti-slide piles. The findings provide a theoretical basis for evaluating the durability of pile foundations in acid rain environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 111550"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}