Engineering Fracture Mechanics最新文献

{"title":"XFEM fracture parameters are not unique for consistent global behavior in tensile, CT, and SENB specimen","authors":"Kishan Dwivedi ,&nbsp;Saher Attia ,&nbsp;Himanshu Pathak ,&nbsp;Samer Adeeb","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates multiple sets of fracture parameters that yield the same global behavior for tensile, Compact Tension (CT) and Single Edge Notch Bending (SENB), using a cohesive zone model within the framework of the Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) in Abaqus software. The cohesive zone model uses fracture energy and maximum principal strain as input parameters to determine damage initiation and crack propagation. By carefully balancing these two fracture parameters across different materials, it is possible to achieve comparable global responses in terms of fracture toughness. Crack Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD) and Crack Mouth Opening Displacement (CMOD) are used to evaluate fracture toughness for tensile, CT, and SENB specimens. Fracture behavior of specimens is presented through Force-CMOD and Force-CTOD curves for various sets of fracture parameters and compared for those sets, showing similar behaviors. The comparison includes an analysis of total crack length, cohesive damage area, and longitudinal strain (LE22) at different locations along the Force-CMOD curves where the CMOD values are identical. Additionally, this study examines the damage initiation location during crack propagation through maximum longitudinal strain perpendicular to the crack surface within region of interest. While the results show that multiple sets of XFEM fracture parameters can produce similar global Force-CMOD/CTOD responses, the local behavior around the crack tip differs significantly. For instance, the crack length varied by 10.46 % (tensile), 6.89 % (CT), and 4.96 % (SENB), and the maximum longitudinal strain near the crack surface changed by 20.80 %, 27.53 %, and 39.69 %, respectively. These findings reveal that global behavior alone is insufficient for selecting accurate XFEM fracture parameters and emphasize the need to also consider local behavior near the crack tip.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 111351"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture characteristic of Mg-Gd-Y alloy in wide stress state: Experiment and modeling","authors":"Pengfei Wu ,&nbsp;Yanshan Lou","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The stress state with the complex loading path substantially impacts the hardening and fracture behaviors of the magnesium-rare earth alloys, creating considerable difficulties for practical engineering implementation. To uncover the complicated deformation behavior from yield to fracture, this research carried out the mechanical experiments of an Mg-Gd-Y alloy under various loading conditions. A constitutive model is established, including the analytical Yoon2014 (A-Yoon2014) yield function, the modified Voce (M-Voce) hardening law and the two-component ductile fracture stress-based (2DFs) fracture criterion. Experimental results indicate that the mechanical strength is with the strain-dependent coupling effect of the anisotropic and strength-differential hardening. The A-Yoon2014+M-Voce model accurately captures the non-proportional evolution characteristic of the anisotropic-asymmetric hardening behavior, and simulates the deformation behavior of all fracture specimens to determine the fracture-related variables. The fracture stress is with a strong sensitivity to the loading path. The loading path-related fracture behavior at wide stress triaxiality is modeled by the 2DFs fracture criterion with a lower prediction error (0.212) than that (0.251) of the DF2016 stress-based fracture criterion. This work proposes a constitutive model from yield to fracture to provide the numerical guidance for the forming and application of magnesium-rare earth alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 111354"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of advanced numerical material models for the simulation of a thermal shock on a ladle shroud","authors":"Zain Ali ,&nbsp;Dietmar Gruber","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates three different numerical models (Localizing Gradient-Enhanced Damage (LGED), Phase-Field Cohesive Zone Model (PF-CZM), and Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP)) for the simulation of the thermo-mechanical behaviour of ladle shroud. Ladle shrouds are essential in steelmaking, ensuring molten steel purity during transfer under extreme conditions. Because creep is a decisive factor, the Norton-Bailey creep model is applied to capture time-dependent high-temperature inelastic deformation. Results reveal that PF-CZM and CDP models excel in localized damage prediction, while LGED produces unphysically wide fracture zones. Creep reduces elastic energy in the system, delaying fracture. These insights enhance understanding of refractory behaviour, guiding optimized ladle shroud design to improve performance and reduce steelmaking costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 111338"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress, strain, or displacement? A novel machine learning based framework to predict mixed mode I/II fracture load and initiation angle","authors":"Amir Mohammad Mirzaei","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate prediction of fracture load and initiation angle under complex loading conditions, like mixed mode I/II, is essential for reliable failure assessment. This paper aims to develop a machine learning framework for predicting fracture load and crack initiation angles by directly utilizing stress, strain, or displacement distributions represented by selected nodes as input features. Validation is conducted using experimental data across various mode mixities and specimen geometries for brittle materials. Among stress, strain, and displacement fields, it is shown that the stress-based features, when paired with Multilayer Perceptron models, achieve high predictive accuracy with R² scores exceeding 0.86 for fracture load predictions and 0.94 for angle predictions. A comparison with the Theory of Critical Distances (Generalized Maximum Tangential Stress) demonstrates the high accuracy of the framework. Furthermore, the impact of input parameter selections is studied, and it is demonstrated that advanced feature selection algorithms enable the framework to handle different ranges and densities of the representative field. The framework’s performance was further validated for datasets with a limited number of data points and restricted mode mixities, where it maintained high accuracy. The proposed framework is computationally efficient and practical, and it operates without any supplementary post-processing steps, such as stress intensity factor calculations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 111349"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A diagnostic model for hydraulic fracture in naturally fractured reservoir utilising water-hammer signal","authors":"Shijie Deng ,&nbsp;Liangping Yi ,&nbsp;Xiaogang Li ,&nbsp;Zhaozhong Yang ,&nbsp;Nanqiao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The diagnostic of hydraulic fractures is vital to the exploitation of subsurface resource. Diagnostic technique for hydraulic fracture based on the water-hammer pressure have been gradually highlighted owing to their cost effectiveness and simplicity. The present diagnostic models overlook the effects of fluid leak-off and natural fracture in hydraulic fractures, and it is limited for application in naturally fractured reservoirs. In this study, the location and number of hydraulic fractures are first obtained through the enhancement and cepstrum processing of a water-hammer signal. Subsequently, the water-hammer pressure within the wellbore is calculated by solving the continuity and momentum equations for the fluid. Wellbore and hydraulic fractures are considered as a hydraulic system. To estimate the fracture dimension, flow boundary conditions are imposed to the fluid leak-off, interactions between natural and hydraulic fractures, and multifracture stress shadows. The results show that the fracturing shut-in method can be appropriately adjusted to avoid large pressure pulsations, which damage well integrity, and to obtain a clear water-hammer signal for fracture diagnosis. Natural fractures reduce the hydraulic fracture dimensions but facilitate the creation of complex fracture networks, while this complexity cannot be increased indefinitely. The minimum horizontal stress decreases the fracture dimension and a greater difference in the horizontal stress renders it easier for hydraulic fractures to cross natural fractures to create larger dimensions. The field study shows the optimisation measures can be recommended based on the diagnostic results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 111347"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of temperature gradient and curing time on shear properties of concrete-rock interfaces in geothermal tunnels: experimental investigations","authors":"Chaojun Jia,&nbsp;Liang Wang,&nbsp;Sheng Zhang,&nbsp;Yanni Zheng,&nbsp;Chenghua Shi,&nbsp;Zhu Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the evolution of concrete-rock interface properties under gradient thermal conditions is critically significant for ensuring the durability of support structures in high geothermal tunnels, where extreme thermal gradients threaten structural integrity. This study aims to investigate the shear behavior and failure mechanisms at this interface under simulated one-sided heating conditions (50 °C, 95 °C) representing tunnel environments. Our innovative methodology employs a custom experimental system, integrating direct shear tests at 3-day and 28-day curing ages with multi-scale characterization (SEM, XRD, CT) to link microstructure to performance. The main conclusions are that curing age dictates temperature effects; at 3 days, moderate heat (50 °C) enhances density/P-wave velocity via accelerated hydration, while 95 °C causes degradation. By 28 days, both temperatures reduce these properties. SEM/XRD/CT identify high-temperature-induced porosity, cracks, and disordered hydration products. Shear strength exhibits four-stage behavior, increasing with normal stress but critically degrading under high temperature/long curing. Two failure modes emerge: Type I (bonding surface failure) and Type II (mixed failure in adjacent concrete). The transition between modes depends on temperature and curing age. Mechanistically, thermal gradients cause uneven hydration and severe drying shrinkage, concentrating stress, initiating micro-cracks, and weakening the interface. Moderate curing temperatures enhance early performance, but strong gradients and high temperatures drastically impair long-term shear strength and structural resilience. The study establishes a novel temperature-dependent failure criterion, providing a theoretical basis for optimizing concrete in geothermal tunnels. Limitations include the simulation of one-dimensional heating and omission of cyclic thermal effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 111323"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144299002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finite element analyses of rail head cracks: Influence of load characteristics on direction and rate of rolling contact fatigue crack growth","authors":"Mohammad Salahi Nezhad ,&nbsp;Elena Kabo ,&nbsp;Anders Ekberg ,&nbsp;Fredrik Larsson","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The influence of operational loads on predicted rolling contact fatigue crack growth rates and directions in a rail head is studied. A 3D finite element based numerical framework is adopted featuring a 60E1 rail with an inclined surface-breaking, semi-circular gauge corner crack. The influence of magnitude and position of (normal) contact load, wheel–rail tractive forces, thermal loads, and rail bending under different support conditions is investigated. An accumulative vector crack tip displacement criterion is employed to predict crack growth direction, whereas growth rates are estimated using Paris-type relations. Results are assessed along the crack front for different crack radii. It is found that the crack growth rate is primarily influenced by the contact load magnitude and position. Additional rail bending and thermal loading will somewhat increase predicted growth rates, especially for larger cracks. Crack growth direction under combined loading generally depends on the ratio between the contact load and the bending/thermal load in that poor track support conditions and/or an increased thermal loading (cooling) promote downward growth. Results are useful for rail maintenance planning as illustrated in the study by quantifying the effects of loading conditions on estimated rail life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 111322"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fiber–matrix interface debonding and transverse cracking in macro fiber composites","authors":"Behrad Koohbor ,&nbsp;Zaynab Hazaveh ,&nbsp;Aurélien Doitrand ,&nbsp;Hugo Girard","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fiber–matrix interface debonding is a precursor to transverse matrix cracking at the mesoscopic scale in fiber composites. The mechanisms controlling fiber–matrix interface debonding and subsequent transverse crack formation have been explored primarily by computational methods with limited experimental verification. This study aims to establish an experimental approach for characterizing fiber–matrix interface debonding in model macro fiber specimens that replicate realistic microstructures. The primary goal is to measure strain fields at individual fiber–matrix interfaces using optical digital image correlation (DIC) and link these measurements to the initiation and propagation of transverse cracks. Macro fiber composite specimens are fabricated by embedding dozens of randomly distributed glass macro fibers (1 mm dia.) in an epoxy matrix. These specimens are then subjected to controlled transverse loading, and their local strain fields are monitored and quantified with high-magnification optical DIC. The experimentally obtained kinematic fields are first used to connect global and local deformation responses and to investigate the mechanisms governing matrix cracking between the fibers. The experimental data are then used to set up and validate a modeling framework created based on cohesive zone and phase field formulations to investigate fiber–matrix interface debond initiation and matrix cracking, respectively. The experimental protocols described here provide a practical approach for characterizing deformation and failure at the fiber–matrix interface and tracking their evolution into larger transverse cracks. Complementary simulation studies highlight the significance of boundary conditions and the uncertainty in the fiber–matrix interface fracture properties in realistic and reliable predictions of debonding kinetics and matrix crack formation. The presented approach is transferable to smaller length scales to enable the quantitative assessment of the effects of geometric and morphological factors, such as inter-fiber distance and angle, on transverse crack formation in fiber composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 111345"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the fracture mechanics validity of small scale tests","authors":"Chuanjie Cui ,&nbsp;Livia Cupertino-Malheiros ,&nbsp;Ziyao Xiong ,&nbsp;Emilio Martínez-Pañeda","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is growing interest in conducting small-scale tests to gain additional insight into the fracture behaviour of components across a wide range of materials. For example, micro-scale mechanical tests inside of a microscope (<em>in situ</em>) enable direct, high-resolution observation of the interplay between crack growth and microstructural phenomena (e.g., dislocation behaviour or the fracture resistance of a particular interface), and sub-size samples are increasingly used when only a limited amount of material is available. However, to obtain quantitative insight and extract relevant fracture parameters, the sample must be sufficiently large for a <span><math><mi>J</mi></math></span>- (HRR) or a <span><math><mi>K</mi></math></span>-field to exist. We conduct numerical and semi-analytical studies to map the conditions (sample geometry, material) that result in a valid, quantitative fracture experiment. Specifically, for a wide range of material properties, crack lengths and sample dimensions, we establish the maximum value of the <span><math><mi>J</mi></math></span>-integral where an HRR field ceases to exist (i.e., the maximum <span><math><mi>J</mi></math></span> value at which fracture must occur for the test to be valid, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>). Maps are generated to establish the maximum valid <span><math><mi>J</mi></math></span> value (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) as a function of yield strength, strain hardening and minimum sample size. These maps are then used to discuss the existing experimental literature and provide guidance on how to conduct quantitative experiments. Finally, our study is particularised to the analysis of metals that have been embrittled due to hydrogen exposure. The response of relevant materials under hydrogen-containing environments are superimposed on the aforementioned maps, determining the conditions that will enable quantitative insight.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 111321"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A buckling model of fiber-reinforced composite lattice cylinders with the cutout imperfections","authors":"Wenyu Wang ,&nbsp;Jian Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lattice load-bearing cylinder structure, with its exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, holds great promise for application in aerospace engineering. To facilitate structural assembly or the embedding of electronic equipment, various types of cutout structures are often designed on the main load-bearing lattice cylinder. The existing theoretical research on the failure mechanism of lattice cylinders primarily focuses on regular structures without cutouts. When the lattice cylinder with cutouts undergoes buckling, the complexity of the ribs’ shape hinders the establishment of the energy function. An analysis of the mechanical performance of lattice cylinders with localized cutouts is undertaken. Based on the buckling patterns derived from simulation analyses, displacement function assumptions are formulated. A multi-failure analysis model is established for lattice cylinders with cutouts, revealing their underlying failure mechanisms. The validity of the theoretical model is confirmed through simulations and experiments. The study’s findings demonstrate the influence of cross-sectional size and helical angle on the type of failure. A three-dimensional failure mechanism diagram is constructed, bridging the gap in the theory of failure modes for this type of structure. The study delves into the correlation between the maximum critical loads and the dimensions of rectangular and circular beams that traverse the interstitial spaces within lattice cylinders characterized by cutouts. The bearing efficiency is also explored in the study, with the optimal geometric point being identified through mapping structural mass contours and following the optimal bearing efficiency trajectory. This approach broadens the design space and provides a theoretical basis for engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 111343"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}