{"title":"Creep deformation and continuous damage mechanics parameters prediction based on a meta-learning framework","authors":"Song Wu , Yawei Ding , Dongxu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing operational temperatures in aerospace applications present significant challenges in predicting the long-term creep behavior of high-temperature alloys. Accurate prediction of creep deformation is crucial for ensuring the reliability and safety of engine components. This study proposes a novel continuous damage mechanics (CDM) parameter prediction framework for accurately predicting the long-term creep deformation of superalloys. The framework combines a fully connected neural network (FCNN) and a long short-term memory network (LSTM) to predict long-term creep performance by learning from short-term creep data. The key innovations of this research include the development of a <em>meta</em>-learning framework based on FCNN weight parameter evolution, the proposal of a hybrid loss function that combines mean square error (MSE) and total variation (TV) regularization, and the verification of the method’s effectiveness through multiple case studies. The experimental results show that the framework can accurately predict the creep deformation of various high-temperature alloys at different temperatures and stresses based on short-term creep data. The method can extrapolate the creep deformation to 2–5 times the short-term creep data, and compared with the traditional Larson-Miller method, it can control the life prediction error within ± 10 %, which shows excellent prediction performance. At the same time, it can be fitted to obtain the creep curve under the corresponding conditions, and the fitting accuracy is within 10 % of the time error.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 111232"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu Wang , Cheng Zhai , Ting Liu , Yong Sun , Wei Tang , Jiwei Wang , Hexiang Xu , Ting Huang
{"title":"3D multifractal analysis of explosion-induced fractures in bedding shale using μ-CT imaging","authors":"Yu Wang , Cheng Zhai , Ting Liu , Yong Sun , Wei Tang , Jiwei Wang , Hexiang Xu , Ting Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To systematically evaluate the spatial anisotropy of fracture propagation in bedding shales under different explosive loads, this study conducted 6 groups of explosion experiments on bedding shales with central drilling. CH<sub>4</sub>-O<sub>2</sub> mixed gas with varying initial pressure (P<sub>0</sub>, 0.3–2.1 MPa) was used to generate explosive loads at different energy levels. The explosive loads of the combustible gases were quantitatively assessed using the TNT equivalence method. μ-CT images of explosion-induced fractures were acquired to reconstruct the 3D fracture morphology. A multifractal calculation algorithm for fractures was developed to perform spatial heterogeneity evaluation of both binary fracture images and 3D fracture data. To thoroughly investigate the influence of spatial location on 3D fracture propagation, 32 representative elementary volumes (REVs) were extracted under different explosive loads and positions. 3D multifractal analysis was used to quantify the complexity of fractures across various heterogeneities. In addition, the fracture characteristics and absolute permeability of the REVs were subjected to statistical analysis. The results show that varying <em>P</em><sub>0</sub> of the CH<sub>4</sub>-O<sub>2</sub> mixed gas generate explosive loads with TNT equivalence factors ranging from 1.352 kg/m<sup>3</sup> to 8.072 kg/m<sup>3</sup>. As the explosive load increases, the fracture morphology transitions from a bi-wing fracture to multi-radial fractures. The multifractal analysis of the 3D fractures reveals that the generalized dimension spectrum (<em>D</em>(<em>q</em>)-<em>q</em> spectrum) displays an inverse S-shaped monotonic decrease, while the multifractal singularity spectrum (<em>α</em>-<em>f</em>(<em>α</em>) spectrum) exhibits a left-hook shape. These features suggest that explosion-generated fractures in dense areas have smaller heterogeneity and dominate over sparser fracture regions. The fractal dimension of the binary fracture images first increases and then decreases with the slice number. The multifractal results also show that the complexity of fractures in different fracture density increases first and then decreases with the slice number. The statistical results of the fracture characteristic parameters for the 32 REVs indicate that the 3D volume and surface area increase with the explosive load. Under the same explosive load, fracture complexity is highest at the bottom of the wellbore. The multifractal analysis reveals that the more complex the 3D fracture morphology, the more the <em>D</em>(<em>q</em>)-<em>q</em> spectrums shift upwards, and the <em>α</em>-<em>f</em>(<em>α</em>) spectrum shift upwards and to the right. Permeability first increases and then decreases with explosive load, with the highest permeability observed at the center and bottom of the wellbore. Correlation analysis reveals relationships between fracture characteristic parameters and the <em>D</em>(<em>q</em>)-<em>q","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 111268"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chengbei He , Yongsheng Liu , Haoran Xu , Jianxin Xia
{"title":"The characteristic width assignment method for anisotropy-interface phase field model: Proposed and validation","authors":"Chengbei He , Yongsheng Liu , Haoran Xu , Jianxin Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the complex mechanical behavior of interface debonding in anisotropic materials by proposing a novel phase field model that integrates cohesive zone model with anisotropy theory. The core innovation lies in developing a characteristic width allocation strategy based on interface softening laws. By establishing a functional relationship between characteristic width and interfacial mechanical strength, this model overcomes the limitations of characteristic width selection in conventional phase field methods, enabling precise characterization of interfacial mechanical properties. Experimental validation demonstrates that the phase field simulation results using the proposed characteristic width optimization criteria exhibit excellent agreement with bimaterial plate tensile experiments. In single circular reinforced concrete tensile simulations, the model achieves results consistent with theoretical solutions (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>α</mi><mrow><mi>kink</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>68.8829</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span>) and exceeds the accuracy of the extended finite element method by approximately <span><math><mrow><mn>4.3</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span>. The numerical predictions of mechanical behavior in anisotropic multiphase materials align with physical expectations. This approach elucidates interface damage evolution mechanisms under varying softening laws and matrix anisotropy characteristics, providing a high-precision computational framework for interfacial failure analysis in anisotropic multiphase materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 111265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Highly-stressed excavation instability nearby the fault: An experimental study","authors":"Yi-Jie Zhou , Jia-Yue Chen , Ting Zhang , Guan-Sen Cao , Wen-Fu Wen , Xue-Zhen Wu , Jian-Zhi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In underground engineering, faults significantly influence the excavation stability, yet the interactive effects of fault structure and stress state on rockburst and failure mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study constructs sandstone specimens with prefabricated straight, serrated, and wavy faults, aiming to clarify how these structures govern surrounding rock mechanics under biaxial and true triaxial compression. By employing synchronized acoustic emission (AE) and digital image correlation (DIC) monitoring, the study characterizes damage evolutions and energy dissipation processes. It is revealed that fault structure and stress state synergistically dictate failure behaviors; concretely, under biaxial stress, straight faults mitigate rockburst by inhibiting the coalescence of opening-orientated tensile cracks, whereas serrated/wavy faults induce complex crack networks that facilitate gradual energy dissipation, reducing abrupt strain release. In contrast, true triaxial compression enhances shear failure mechanism, intensifying rockburst severity and shifting failure from unilateral particle ejection (biaxial) to bilateral, high-frequency debris ejection associated with extensive local instability zones formed by crack coalescence. Acousto-optical data further show that biaxial compression generates tensile-dominated failure, while true triaxial compression shifts the RA-AF distribution towards higher RA values, signaling a transition to shear-enhanced mechanisms. These results highlight the critical roles of fault-stress interactions in controlling energy dissipation and crack development, providing important insights into fault-related instability mechanisms around the excavations under high in-situ stresses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 111262"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuai Heng , Duanwei Cao , Xianzhong Li , Hongyu Liu , Zhuo Dong
{"title":"Experimental study on the anisotropic fracture characteristics of shale under different loading modes","authors":"Shuai Heng , Duanwei Cao , Xianzhong Li , Hongyu Liu , Zhuo Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To gain a deeper understanding of the anisotropic fracture characteristics of shale under various loading modes, semi-circular bend (SCB) tests were conducted on samples with varying notch angles across three principal orientations of crack. The anisotropic fracture toughness and the deflection of cracks at the bedding planes under various loading conditions were investigated. The conditions under which cracks deflect into the bedding planes were determined through a crack deflection criterion. The results showed that significant anisotropy is exhibited in the fracture toughness of Longmaxi shale. The highest fracture toughness of mode-I (<em>K</em><sub>IC</sub>, 1.253 MPa⋅m<sup>1/2</sup>) was observed in the Divider, while the lowest (0.605 MPa⋅m<sup>1/2</sup>) was identified in the Short-Transverse. Bedding planes are planes of weakness in shale, exhibiting reduced resistance to crack growth. Cracks oriented normal or inclined to the bedding may deflect into the bedding plane under various loading modes. The tortuous fracture path is primarily attributed to crack deflection at the bedding planes. The crack deflection is mainly determined by the incident angle, the loading conditions, and the anisotropy in <em>K</em><sub>IC</sub>. An increase in the incident angle will result in a heightened probability of cracks deflecting into the bedding planes. The deflection range increases as the <em>K</em><sub>IC</sub> of the bedding planes decreases. Cracks are more readily diverted into weaker bedding planes, and a critical <em>K</em><sub>IC</sub> of the bedding planes exists below which all cracks will be diverted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 111270"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Macro-micro failures of shear creep and creep damage model of deep hard rocks induced by initial disturbances","authors":"Jihe Zhao , Jiaxu Jin , Yanfeng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In deep rock engineering, rock masses under high in-situ stress and mining disturbances typically incur a certain extent of initial damage, which significantly challenges the project’s long-term stability. To study the influence of initial local impact disturbances on the shear creep characteristics of deep hard rocks, shear creep tests on gneiss with different initial disturbance frequencies and impact areas were carried out by using the independently developed rock local impact disturbance − shear creep coupling test device, SEM, and NMR system. Based on the Kachanov creep damage theory, the creep damage variable was defined by the T2 spectral and shear modulus, and a rock shear creep damage constitutive model considering the influences of initial disturbance damage and accelerated creep damage was established. The results demonstrate that the initial local impact disturbances cause obvious changes in the T2 spectrum, leading to the enhancement of the connectivity of the original pores and the deterioration of the internal structure. The microscopic morphology becomes complex, and the strength of the crystal binders is reduced, resulting in a sharp decline in the mechanical properties of the rocks. The factors of disturbance frequency and impact area have weakened the shear strength of gneiss by 3.3% to 12.9% and 5.1% to 18.3% respectively. Therefore, the initial local impact disturbances can accelerate the induction of rock failures and have an important impact on the duration of failures. The shear creep model established herein accounts for the initial disturbance damage of the rocks. The test data exhibits a high level of congruence with the theoretical curve of the model, which is capable of effectively reflecting the creep characteristics of deep gneiss. This model can furnish a theoretical foundation for the establishment of an early warning system in practical deep rock engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 111269"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A peridynamic strainburst model for evaluating the strainburst and its dependency on the loading and unloading","authors":"Zhang Jian-Zhi, Zhang Ting, Wang Xin-Min","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The strainburst observed in laboratory model test, where a cubic rock sample with an opening is compressed until a strainburst is induced, is generally triggered by the loading stress. In contrast, in real-world engineering contexts, such strainbursts are triggered by tunnel excavation, which corresponds to the effect of unloading stress. This paper aims to study the similar and different strainburst mechanisms triggered by loading and unloading effects. Firstly, the PD method incorporating the in-situ stress into the its constitutive relationship is proposed for computational efficiency. Secondly, the PD strainburst model, which can distinguish the crack propagation from strainburst, is proposed by introducing the energy-based strain strainburst criterion. Thirdly, the proposed model is verified by simulation of tunnel excavation process and mine-by experimental tunnels. Finally, the comprehensive analysis of influence of loading and unloading on the strainburst mechanisms are conducted. The results demonstrate that the variation of energy over time for loading and unloading cases are significantly different and the trend in the intensity of strainbursts around the chamber can be referenced from the results of the laboratory model test.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 111267"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hong Jialin , Xu Jisong , Wang Ting , Han Zedong , Chizirui , Pavel Talalay , Gong Da , Fan Xiaopeng
{"title":"Strength and deformation behavior of snow-sintered ice under coupled cyclic-monotonic loading","authors":"Hong Jialin , Xu Jisong , Wang Ting , Han Zedong , Chizirui , Pavel Talalay , Gong Da , Fan Xiaopeng","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complex failure behavior of ice under cyclic loading holds significant relevance for understanding the behavior of nearshore sea ice cover, ice shelves, and ice pavements or runways. Experimental evidence demonstrates that the strength of freshwater ice, whether in compression or flexure, can either increase or decrease after cyclic loading. To explore this further, new cyclic-monotonic loading experiments were conducted on snow-sintered ice using four-point bending and unconfined compression tests subjected to various temperatures, monotonic strain rates, and cycling conditions. The results show that the average non-cycled flexural and compressive strength of snow-sintered ice at −10 °C is higher than that of water-frozen freshwater ice. The cycled flexural and compressive strength of snow-sintered ice under cyclic loading is highly sensitive to strain rate and accumulated strain. Notably, brittle failure was delayed under cyclic compressive loading at strain rates as high as 10<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>. However, as the number of cycles increases, accumulated strain leads to a decrease in strength. Cyclic loading altered the ductile-to-brittle transition rate and secant modulus, shedding light on the mechanisms behind high-strain-rate, low-cycle strengthening effects in ice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 111266"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bing-Lei Li , Jia-Yao Jiang , Jian-Zhi Zhang , Lu Zheng , Yi Long
{"title":"Influences of initial damage on the saturated granite failure characteristics under true triaxial stress with a free face: Insights into the rockburst prevention and control","authors":"Bing-Lei Li , Jia-Yao Jiang , Jian-Zhi Zhang , Lu Zheng , Yi Long","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The moisture content and damage conditions significantly influenced the mechanical properties of hard rock, which are closely associated with rockburst tendency. However, there was limited prior knowledge of this issue due to the scarcity of physical experiments. In this study, a true triaxial experiment with a free face was conducted on granite specimens to investigate the influence of the initial damage and moisture content on rockburst control, utilizing AE monitoring, rock NMR imaging, and photography techniques. Experimental results showed that with the increase of the initial damage factor <em>k</em> and moisture content <em>ω</em>, the rock strength and AE activity decreased. The static crack extension concentrated around the initial damage zone, and the dynamic ejection decreased, leading to an increase in the fracture surface fracture index. When<!--> <em>k</em> and <em>ω</em> <!-->increased to a certain extent, the tensile mechanism was significantly reduced, and then the rockburst was efficiently prevented. The failure mechanism lay the initial damage zone weakened the strength of the granite matrix, inducing the FPZ nucleation and crack extension. Furthermore, the rockburst envelope of the granite was altered, with the reduced envelope area indicating a decrease in stored energy, resulting in the granite having insufficient energy to trigger a rockburst upon failure. In addition, due to the “water wedge” effect, the moisture content further enhanced the weakening effect of the initial damage factor on rockburst tendency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 111263"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lun-Yang Zhao , Ling-Hui Liu , Lu Ren , Qi-Zhi Zhu , Jian-Fu Shao
{"title":"A micromechanics-based anisotropic friction–damage model for quasi-brittle rocks in monotonic compression considering dominant cracking process","authors":"Lun-Yang Zhao , Ling-Hui Liu , Lu Ren , Qi-Zhi Zhu , Jian-Fu Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a new micromechanics-based model is developed for describing the anisotropic mechanical behavior of quasi-brittle rocks in monotonic compression. The material is conceptualized as an isotropic elastic matrix embedded with randomly distributed initial microcracks. Based on experimental evidences and as an innovative approach, the stress-induced coupled anisotropic damage and plastic distortion are assumed related to the propagation and sliding of the dominant microcracks in the most unstable orientations under given loading state, instead of related to microcracks in all orientations as done in the previous studies. In this frame, by combining the thermodynamics framework and linear homogenization scheme, an energy-release-rate based damage law is developed for describing the induced anisotropic evolution of dominant microcracks. The plastic distortion is related to frictional sliding along the rough dominant microcracks and described by a damage-dependent friction law. The direction of dominant microcracks is identified by using Mohr maximization postulate. Further, the macroscopic failure strength is predicted from the coupled friction–damage analysis. The process for calibration of the microscopic parameters from macroscopic strength is developed. As another novelty of the present work, an enhanced semi-implicit return mapping (ESRM) algorithm is proposed to more efficiently dealing with two dissipation processes of plastic deformation and damage evolution. The effectiveness of the proposed model and the robustness of the ESRM algorithm are finally evaluated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 111180"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}