Zong-Xian Zhang , Liyuan Chi , Zida Liu , Toochukwu Ozoji , Wuxing Wu , Chen Huang , Xianbo Guan
{"title":"Fragmentation characteristics and energy components of non-cylindrical rock specimens in a novel collision system","authors":"Zong-Xian Zhang , Liyuan Chi , Zida Liu , Toochukwu Ozoji , Wuxing Wu , Chen Huang , Xianbo Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents the results of rock fragmentation by using a new collision method we reported earlier. Since the method has been proved to be successful for cylindrical rock specimens in our earlier papers, this paper presents the results from 28 non-cylindrical rock specimens such as half-cylinders and half-discs. The results show that: (1) all rock specimens were successfully released at a flight velocity of 13.7 – 62.5 m/s, validated the method for non-cylindrical specimens. (2) All specimens were broken into various sizes of fragments (particles). (3) The energy transferred to the transmitted bar was in a range of 0.3 – 3.4 % of input energy. (4) The translational kinetic energy of rock specimen was in a range of 0.1 – 18.9 % of input energy, while the rotational kinetic energy of rock specimen was 3.3 –5.1 % of input energy. (6) The specific input energy (input energy per unit volume of rock) varied from 0.26 to 5.06 MJ/m<sup>3</sup>. (7) The main factors influencing rock fragmentation include specific input energy, rock impedance and foliations. Larger specific input energy or smaller impedance resulted in better fragmentation, and vice versa. Foliations, especially parallel ones, made spalling occurred in most quartzite specimens as well as a few other rock specimens before they collided with the transmitted bar. Assuming that relative energy efficiency is equal to the ratio of the energy absorbed by rock to the input energy, the paper finds that the relative energy efficiency of the rock collision method is much higher than the relative energy efficiencies of dynamic rock compression, dynamic rock fracture, and ore grinding in ball mills, indicating a great potential of applying the collision method to mining industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 111381"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhipeng Yao , Ben Wang , Di Gai , Shengjie Yu , Shiyu Yang
{"title":"Acoustic emission-based identification and interfacial fiber bridging and delamination damage mechanisms in twill/unidirectional composite materials","authors":"Zhipeng Yao , Ben Wang , Di Gai , Shengjie Yu , Shiyu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interlaminar damage in carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates is a common form of damage in engineering applications, with interlaminar fracture toughness commonly used to characterize its ability to resist crack propagation. In double cantilever beam (DCB) tests of CFRP laminates, the intensity of fiber bridging phenomena depends on the structure and orientation of fibers on either side of the delamination. To further elucidate the mechanism of fiber bridging phenomena in delamination crack propagation, DCB specimens with pre-fabricated cracks on either side composed of twill-weave (TW) fiber layers and unidirectional (UD) fiber layers were employed to study the delamination behavior of two fiber orientations. An unsupervised k-means clustering algorithm was employed for identifying damage modes from acoustic emission(AE) signals under different failure modes, and the relationship between the interlaminar fracture toughness of the specimens and interlaminar micro-damage was analyzed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to reveal the micro-mechanisms of damage. The results indicate that the trend of interlaminar fracture toughness of the specimens is positively correlated with the peak amplitude of AE signals. Cluster analysis categorizes AE signals into matrix damage (including matrix cracking, interface debonding, and fiber pull-out) and fiber bridging damage (fiber breakage). Cluster analysis revealed that differences in interlaminar fracture toughness among interfaces stem from varying matrix fracture modes. Acoustic AE technology was used to distinguish the lamination mechanism between specimens from micro and macro perspectives, which provides an important basis for determining the mechanical properties of composite laminates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 111379"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Han-Gyu Kim , Ryan Howe , Richard Wiebe , S. Michael Spottswood , Patrick J. O’Hara , Marco Salviato
{"title":"Experimental characterization of cohesive laws for mode-II interlaminar fracture in geometrically scaled composites using through-thickness deformation analysis","authors":"Han-Gyu Kim , Ryan Howe , Richard Wiebe , S. Michael Spottswood , Patrick J. O’Hara , Marco Salviato","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111361","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work proposes an experimental framework to characterize a cohesive law for mode-II interlaminar fracture and demonstrates its implementation. For a size effect study, geometrically scaled end-notched flexure specimens were tested using microscopic and macroscopic digital image correlation (DIC) systems. The fracture energy was characterized using a compliance calibration method and Bažant’s type-II size effect law for comparison. In the proposed experimental framework, the DIC data were post-processed using three steps: coordinate transformation, curve fitting, and through-thickness deformation analysis. Different magnitudes of separation values were measured from different sizes at fracture loads, implying size effect and partial development of cohesive laws. Modeling and simulations were intended to validate the proposed method and demonstrate the utilization of the experimental data. Additionally, challenges related to finding a single cohesive law for geometrically scaled specimens of a single material were exposed. A single cohesive law for the scaled specimens was developed and proposed as a material property of the specimen material. The fracture energy of the single law was smaller than the energy obtained from the size effect analysis, while the sizes of fracture process zones at fracture loads were smaller than the experimental measurements. However, the global fracture behaviors of the models showed good agreement with the experimental data of the mid-size specimen while showing reasonable agreement with the other sizes. Furthermore, the single law successfully captured local fracture behaviors by showing partial cohesive zone development at the fracture loads and matching the microscopic measurement of the separation values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 111361"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of effectiveness of toroidal ring crack arrestors for running ductile fracture control in CO2 pipelines using fluid-structure interaction analyses","authors":"Jinglue Hu , Wenxing Zhou , Jidong Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing demand for carbon capture, utilization, and storage to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions has led to greater interest in the safe transportation of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) through pipelines. CO<sub>2</sub> is preferably transported in its dense or supercritical phase; however, pipelines operating in these conditions are particularly susceptible to running ductile fracture (RDF). This study aims to assess the effectiveness of toroidal ring crack arrestors for preventing RDF in dense-phase and supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> pipelines by carrying out three-dimensional the fluid–structure interaction analyses to simulate the RDF process. The coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian approach is employed to capture the interaction between crack propagation and CO<sub>2</sub> decompression that is assumed to be isentropic and in homogenous equilibrium conditions. The effects of the temperature drop resulting from the decompression on the fracture toughness of the pipe steel are ignored. Parametric analyses are performed on a hypothetical CO<sub>2</sub> pipeline with representative pipe attributes and operating conditions. To focus on the effects of geometric parameters for the toroidal ring on the crack arrest effectiveness, the rings are modelled as rigid bodies as a reasonable first approximation. The analysis results provide insights into how key design parameters such as the ring spacing and radial clearance influence the effectiveness of toroidal ring arrestors and guidance on optimizing the design of toroidal ring arrestors. This study demonstrates the feasibility and advantages of using advanced fluid–structure interaction model to evaluate and enhance the structural integrity of CO<sub>2</sub> pipelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 111380"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhongman Cai , Yong Li , Jiarui Chen , Yanqiang Xu , Xiaoxing Li , Kailun Zheng
{"title":"Fracture behavior and mechanism of diffusion-bonded Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy under thermal deformation","authors":"Zhongman Cai , Yong Li , Jiarui Chen , Yanqiang Xu , Xiaoxing Li , Kailun Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the high-temperature fracture behavior of diffusion-bonded Ti-6Al-4V is essential for process optimization and improving service performance. This study systematically investigates the fracture behavior of diffusion-bonded Ti-6Al-4V under thermal deformation, and a fracture behavior transition from brittle fractures at low temperature and high strain rate (e.g. 1023 K, 0.1 s<sup>−1</sup>) to ductile fractures at high temperature and low strain rate (e.g. 1123 K, 0.01 s<sup>−1</sup>) has been characterized and analyzed. Microstructural mechanisms are investigated using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Brittle fractures are attributed to the presence of straight grain boundaries (SGBs) and weak joints formed during the diffusion bonding process, which facilitated rapid void nucleation and coalescence along the bonding interface. In contrast, ductile fractures are driven by larger equilibrium subgrain sizes (λ) and enhanced grain boundary sliding (GBS) at higher temperatures and lower strain rates. This combination reduces dislocation pile-up, eliminates SGBs, and promotes continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) within larger grains, thereby coordinating deformation and mitigating crystallographic mismatch, ultimately leading to ductile fracture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 111377"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anisotropic magneto-electro-elastic fracture mechanics in orthotropic materials: Analysis using efficient interpolating modified MLS-based EFGMs and interaction integral","authors":"S.K. Lohit, Amar K. Gaonkar, Tejas P. Gotkhindi","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wendland’s radial basis function-based Interpolating Modified Moving Least Squares (IMMLS) based element-free Galerkin method (EFGM) is an efficient numerical technique which is developed to ameliorate the classical Moving Least Squares Approximation (MLSA) based EFGM. On the other hand, regularized IMMLS-based EFGM (IN-EFGM) is well-explored in tissue deformation and fracture mechanics problems. Anisotropic magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) analysis featuring strong discontinuities is well-established in the finite element method (FEM) and among others. However, MEE analysis has not been explored with in classical MLSA, IN-EFGM, and Wendland’s IMMLS-based EFGM (WiN-EFGM). To address this gap, the present work explores anisotropic MEE fracture mechanics (AMEE-FM) analysis to evaluate the extended stress intensity factors (ESIFs) using interaction integral method using EFGM in general. Benchmark numerical experiments are validated with analytical solutions and amongst the other are performed on simple and complex domains by considering an embedded crack under a steady state condition. The results of field variables in WiN-EFGM and IN-EFGM are corroborated with converged classical MLSA-based EFGM results. The extended stress intensity factors are evaluated using the interaction integral. <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> norm with reference to classical MLSA-based EFGM shows that field variables have an overall better match in WiN-EFGM and IN-EFGM techniques. The field variables in WiN-EFGM have overall nearly same error as compared to IN-EFGM. The potential advantages of efficient WiN-EFGM and IN-EFGM over classical MLSA include ensuring essential boundary conditions, unique solution due to a non-singular moment matrix, and lesser computational time. Thus, interpolating EFGM offers an alternate tool to explore the AMEE fracture mechanics to evaluate the ESIFs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 111350"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chaima Mastouri , Ali Ellouze , Ahmed Frikha , Radhi Abdelmoula
{"title":"Stability and bifurcation analysis in the plane compression test with gradient damage models","authors":"Chaima Mastouri , Ali Ellouze , Ahmed Frikha , Radhi Abdelmoula","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we present an analytical solution for the stability and bifurcation analyses in 2D uniaxial compression tests. We established a relation between the value of the fracture angle resulting from the uniaxial compression test and the stability and bifurcation criteria. Through this study, a minimization of a Rayleigh ratio is introduced. This result serves as a practical tool to identify the stable state of the studied case from its fracture angle. This work is based on the variational approach to fracture, i.e., the phase field models that are characterized by material softening and instabilities. The standard phase-field model without unilateral effects fails to distinguish between tensile and compressive fractures, leading to non-physical patterns. Tension–compression split models can be an alternative, introducing a fracture angle due to the presence of shear modes. Numerical simulations of a 2D beam under compression were conducted using COMSOL Multiphysics. The numerical results are in agreement with the analytical ones, verifying the condition imposed on the fracture angle corresponding to stable states and the possibility of bifurcation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 111356"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144587850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Elastoplastic constitutive modeling for subsea pipeline steels considering hydrogen-induced dislocation pinning and depinning","authors":"Tingsen Zheng , Nian-Zhong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Four-stage elastoplastic constitutive models for subsea pipeline steels in gaseous hydrogen environment are proposed, in which the impact of hydrogen-induced dislocation pinning and depinning on the elastoplastic mechanical behavior of pipeline steel is taken into accounted. The proposed constitutive models are developed in terms of the phenomena observed in nanoindentation experiments. The variation of yield strength of pipeline steel during hydrogen-induced dislocation pinning and depinning, as well as the subsequent strain hardening, are reflected in the proposed constitutive models. Developed constitutive models are then incorporated into a cyclic cohesive zone model (CCZM) for predicting hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack growth (FCG) rate. A comparison between predicted results of the CCZM incorporated with the proposed elastoplastic constitutive models and experimental data of hydrogen-assisted FCG rates of API pipeline steels is conducted and the results show that the predicted FCG rates agree well with the experimental data. In addition, the impact of model parameter for describing the depinning stage on the hydrogen-assisted FCG rate are also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 111373"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roshan Philip Saji , Panos Pantidis , Lampros Svolos , Mostafa E. Mobasher
{"title":"Multi-stage calibration framework for continuum damage mechanics models","authors":"Roshan Philip Saji , Panos Pantidis , Lampros Svolos , Mostafa E. Mobasher","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a multi-stage calibration framework for determining material parameters in continuum damage models. The framework sequentially minimizes loss functions targeting bespoke performance metrics, like peak force and displacement, total work, and <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> norm of experimental vs numerical curves. Incorporating two nonlinear solvers, Unified Arc-Length (UAL) and Newton–Raphson (NR), we examine our approach against several benchmark problems with various damage theories, equivalent strain definitions and evolving length scale regimes. Overall, UAL outperforms NR in computational efficiency and captures snap-backs on the equilibrium path. The proposed framework can be readily expanded to identify material model parameters for other constitutive model classes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 111341"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phase field modeling of rubber-reinforced concrete: A mesoscale finite element approach","authors":"J. Jurado , E.I. Villa , C.G. Rocco , M. Braun","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2025.111357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work implements a phase field model to examine the mesoscale mechanical behavior of rubber-reinforced concrete, using a UELMAT subroutine in Abaqus. The modeling involves discretizing four phases: mortar, aggregate, rubber, and their interfacial transition zones. A Python script generates a random distribution of circular aggregates based on a size distribution curve. The study investigates the effect of replacing varying proportions of coarse aggregate with rubber on concrete’s mechanical behavior. A smeared crack propagation method based on the Concrete Damaged Plasticity Model is incorporated, encompassing both the mortar matrix and transition zones. Uniaxial tensile tests were conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties of rubber-incorporated concrete. Comparative analysis includes results from experimental data, an analytical model, and the Concrete Damaged Plasticity Model. The findings demonstrate the phase field model’s potential as a tool for engineering the design of reinforced concrete structures with rubber as an integral aggregate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11576,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 111357"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}