4区工程技术

Energies Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.3390/en19010211

Jie Li, Peng He, Wuchao Xie, Yujie Xie, Yongquan Fu, Shutian Huang, Guojuan Lai, Zhen Wang, Fujun Zhang, Xixiang Zhu

{"title":"Multifunctional Benzene-Based Solid Additive for Synergistically Boosting Efficiency and Stability in Layer-by-Layer Organic Photovoltaics","authors":"Jie Li, Peng He, Wuchao Xie, Yujie Xie, Yongquan Fu, Shutian Huang, Guojuan Lai, Zhen Wang, Fujun Zhang, Xixiang Zhu","doi":"10.3390/en19010211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19010211","url":null,"abstract":"The realization of desirable vertical phase separation, enabled by sequential processing that allows for the separate deposition and targeted regulation of donor and acceptor components to construct a well-defined donor–acceptor (D-A) interface, serves as a pivotal factor governing the performance of layer-by-layer organic photovoltaics (LOPVs). This study explores the utility of 4-trifluoromethyl benzoic anhydride (4-TBA), a multifunctional benzene-based solid additive, in the PM6/L8-BO LOPV system, focusing on its role in regulating the vertical phase separation of donor-PM6 and acceptor-L8-BO components to form a well-structured D-A interface. To this end, 4-TBA is doped into the donor-PM6 layer, acceptor-L8-BO layer, or both layers, and its effects on device performance are systematically characterized. The results show that simultaneous doping of 0.05 wt% 4-TBA in both PM6 and L8-BO layers yields the optimal performance, with the power conversion efficiency reaching 18.49% compared to the pristine device with a PCE of 17.05%, and this is accompanied by a significant increase in short-circuit current density from 24.71 mA/cm2 to 26.65 mA/cm2. Additionally, the optimal devices exhibit better stability, as unencapsulated devices retain 76% of their initial PCE after 175 h under ambient conditions compared to 73% for the devices without 4-TBA doping. Essentially, solid additive 4-TBA modulates molecular packing via its interaction between the donor and acceptor molecules and enhances molecular aggregation and hydrophobicity, thereby suppressing bimolecular and trap-assisted recombination, reducing trap density of states, and forming favorable interpenetrating networks. This work validates 4-TBA, which contains benzene rings and other functional groups, as a versatile additive suitable for the LOPV system and offers a generalizable strategy for optimizing LOPV performance by leveraging multifunctional solid additives.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":"19 1","pages":"211-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147914466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Design and Experimental Validation of an Asymmetric Four-Chamber Redox Flow Desalination Cell for Energy-Efficient Ion Removal 非对称四室氧化还原流动脱盐电池的设计与实验验证

4区工程技术

Energies Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.3390/en18246529

Aung Ko Ko, J. W. Bae, Jae Young Lee

{"title":"Design and Experimental Validation of an Asymmetric Four-Chamber Redox Flow Desalination Cell for Energy-Efficient Ion Removal","authors":"Aung Ko Ko, J. W. Bae, Jae Young Lee","doi":"10.3390/en18246529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18246529","url":null,"abstract":"An asymmetric four-chamber redox flow desalination cell was developed to enhance ion transport and energy efficiency by controlling chamber geometry, applied voltage, and electrolyte flow rate. The design integrates thick outer redox chambers with thin desalination chambers to promote uniform redox reactions and stable mass transfer. The system operated stably for 12 h and achieved a high salt removal rate of approximately 1226 mmol·m−2·h−1 at 1.0 V with low specific energy consumption of about 99.74 kJ·mol−1, demonstrating both durable operation and highly promising desalination performance. Electrochemical impedance analysis further confirmed that increased electrolyte flow reduces charge-transfer and diffusion resistances, enabling faster ionic transport. These findings highlight the originality of the chamber-asymmetric design and its promise for compact, low-voltage redox flow systems. This work provides design guidelines for next-generation flow-based desalination systems and suggests future research directions in scaling the architecture, optimizing flow-channel geometry, and integrating higher-stability redox electrolytes for long-term practical operation.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":"18 24","pages":"6529-6529"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/24/6529/pdf?version=1765555703","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147907246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Directional Transformation of Native Holocellulose into Long-Chain Ether Fuel Precursors over Metal Oxides 天然全纤维素在金属氧化物上定向转化为长链醚燃料前驱体

4区工程技术

Energies Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.3390/en18246425

Yuan Liu, Jialong Chen, Li Yang, Fang Liu, Feiqiang Guo

引用次数: 0

Development and Characterization of Clean Fracturing Fluid Based on Gemini Surfactant for Coalbed Methane Extraction 基于Gemini表面活性剂的煤层气清洁压裂液的研制与表征

4区工程技术

Energies Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.3390/en18236094

Jun Liu, Chao Yuan, Rongjie Du, Yueming Qu

{"title":"Development and Characterization of Clean Fracturing Fluid Based on Gemini Surfactant for Coalbed Methane Extraction","authors":"Jun Liu, Chao Yuan, Rongjie Du, Yueming Qu","doi":"10.3390/en18236094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18236094","url":null,"abstract":"Addressing the issues of low permeability, stress sensitivity in CBM reservoirs, and severe reservoir damage from traditional fracturing fluids, we prepared a Gemini surfactant (designated GEM-CBM) for CBM development using ethanolamine, epichlorohydrin, and alkylamidopropyl dimethylamine as feedstocks. On this basis, we further developed a clean fracturing fluid system. The synthesis process of GEM-CBM was optimized via single-factor and orthogonal experiments. The surface activity of GEM-CBM was assessed through surface tension measurements, whereas the sand-carrying capacity, the rheological properties, gel-breaking performance, and reservoir compatibility were comprehensively examined. The optimal conditions for GEM-CBM are listed as follows: the molar ratio of intermediate to alkylamidopropyl dimethylamine being 1:2.2, reacted at 80 °C for 20 h, with a conversion rate of 96.5%. FTIR verified the existence of characteristic functional groups, and EA results matched the theoretical molecular composition. GEM-CBM has good performance, with a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 19.0 μmol/L and a surface tension at CMC (γCMC) of 37.44 mN/m. The optimized clean fracturing fluid (formulation: 2.3% GEM-CBM + 0.3% Tween-80 + simulated formation water with 150,000 mg/L mineralization) exhibited a viscosity of 82 mPa·s (66.7% viscosity retention rate) after being subjected to 100 min of shearing at 90 °C and 170 s−1. At 90 °C, the proppant settlement velocity was less than 0.15 mm/s, and complete gel breaking was achieved within 30 min without residues. For coal cores from the Qinshui Basin, the permeability recovery rate reached 78.6%. The permeability recovery rate of coal cores from the Qinshui Basin reached 78.6%. This fracturing fluid realizes viscosity enhancement and sand carrying via the worm-like micellar network formed by GEM-CBM, inducing minimal damage to CBM reservoirs and offering technical support for efficient CBM extraction.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":"18 23","pages":"6094-6094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/23/6094/pdf?version=1763728700","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Investigation of Gas Evolution on Nickel Wire Electrodes During Alkaline Water Electrolysis 碱水电解过程中镍丝电极上气体析出的研究

4区工程技术

Energies Pub Date : 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.3390/en18225888

Junxu Liu, Jingxin Zeng, Y. An, Yuanyuan Duan, Qiang Song

{"title":"Investigation of Gas Evolution on Nickel Wire Electrodes During Alkaline Water Electrolysis","authors":"Junxu Liu, Jingxin Zeng, Y. An, Yuanyuan Duan, Qiang Song","doi":"10.3390/en18225888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18225888","url":null,"abstract":"The pursuit of higher current densities and device miniaturization intensifies gas evolution in alkaline water electrolysis, thereby reducing catalyst utilization and degrading system performance. In this work, a visualized alkaline electrolysis system was developed to investigate bubble dynamics on vertically oriented nickel wire electrodes. High-speed imaging coupled with a Yolov8 deep learning model enabled quantitative analysis of oxygen evolution behavior, revealing distinct bubble evolution modes such as isolated growth and coalescence. Systematic experiments demonstrated that current density, electrode diameter, and KOH concentration exert significant influences on bubble size distribution. Further correlation with electrochemical performance showed that increases in bubble population and size result in higher overpotentials, while bubble volume exhibits a strong linear relationship with the system’s ohmic resistance. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the coupling between bubble evolution and electrochemical performance, offering guidance for the design of efficient alkaline electrolyzers.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":"18 22","pages":"5888-5888"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/22/5888/pdf?version=1762604135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147331122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decentralized Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Control of Residential Battery Storage for Demand Response 住宅电池储能需求响应的分散多智能体强化学习控制

4区工程技术

Energies Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.3390/en18215712

Suhaib Sajid, Bin Li, Badia Berehman, Qi Guo, Yi Kang, Muhammad Athar, Ali Muqtadir

{"title":"Decentralized Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Control of Residential Battery Storage for Demand Response","authors":"Suhaib Sajid, Bin Li, Badia Berehman, Qi Guo, Yi Kang, Muhammad Athar, Ali Muqtadir","doi":"10.3390/en18215712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18215712","url":null,"abstract":"Automated demand response in residential sectors is critical for grid stability, but centralized control strategies fail to address the unique energy profiles of individual households. This paper introduces a decentralized control framework using multi-agent deep reinforcement learning. We assign an independent Soft Actor–Critic (SAC) agent to each building’s battery energy storage system (BESS), enabling it to learn a control policy tailored to local conditions while responding to shared grid signals. Evaluated in a high-fidelity simulation environment of CityLearn using real-world data, our multi-agent system demonstrated a reduction of approximately 50% in both electricity costs and carbon emissions. Crucially, this decentralized approach considerably outperformed all benchmarks, including a rule-based controller, tabular Q-learning, and even a centralized single-agent SAC controller. At the district level, learned policies flatten the net load profile, lowering daily peaks by 16% and ramping by 26%, and improve the load factor. The resulting dispatch patterns are interpretable and consistent with operator objectives such as peak shaving and valley filling. These findings indicate that decentralized reinforcement learning can translate local optimization into system-level benefits and offers a scalable pathway for aggregators and utilities to operationalize the flexibility of residential storage at scale.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":"18 21","pages":"5712-5712"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/21/5712/pdf?version=1761905015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147910053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fluorocarbon Interfacial Modifier: Wettability Alteration in Reservoir Rocks for Enhanced Oil Recovery and Field Application 氟碳界面改进剂：改变储层岩石润湿性提高采收率及现场应用

4区工程技术

Energies Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.3390/en18205463

Rui-Yang Liu, Huabin Li, Yiran Li, Xudong Yu, Li He, Xutong Guo, Feng Zhao, Huaqiang Shi, Wenzhao Sun

{"title":"Fluorocarbon Interfacial Modifier: Wettability Alteration in Reservoir Rocks for Enhanced Oil Recovery and Field Application","authors":"Rui-Yang Liu, Huabin Li, Yiran Li, Xudong Yu, Li He, Xutong Guo, Feng Zhao, Huaqiang Shi, Wenzhao Sun","doi":"10.3390/en18205463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18205463","url":null,"abstract":"The peripheral reservoirs of the Daqing Oilfield exhibit low permeability and partial heterogeneity, resulting in a rapid injection pressure increase, limited sweep efficiency, and significant residual oil retention. To enhance recovery, this study synthesized a fluorocarbon siloxane (FHB) via free radical addition for rock surface wettability modification. At a concentration of 0.1 wt%, FHB increased water and oil contact angles to 136° and 117°, respectively, at 60 °C. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and aging tests confirmed stable hydrophobic/oleophobic properties through chemical bonding to the rock. Furthermore, the low surface energy FHB significantly reduced adhesion work and decreased oil-water interfacial tension from 27 mN/m to 0.55 mN/m, thereby improving fluid transport in pore throats and promoting residual oil mobilization. Core flooding experiments resulted in an increase in total recovery by 11%, with low-field NMR analysis confirming reduced oil saturation across various pore sizes. A field trial in a production well in Daqing Oilfield successfully increased output from 3.1 t/d to 4.9 t/d, validating the efficacy of this strategy under real reservoir conditions—representing the first successful field application of a fluorocarbon-based modifier for wettability alteration and oil production enhancement in China. This study provides valuable experimental data and a practical framework for implementing chemical-enhanced recovery.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":"18 20","pages":"5463-5463"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Development and Characterization of CO2-Responsive Surfactants for Coalbed Methane Fracturing 煤层气压裂用co2响应表面活性剂的研制与表征

4区工程技术

Energies Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.3390/en18195084

Zhiheng Li, Tengfei Xu, Qinghua Zhang, Fujin Lin

{"title":"Development and Characterization of CO2-Responsive Surfactants for Coalbed Methane Fracturing","authors":"Zhiheng Li, Tengfei Xu, Qinghua Zhang, Fujin Lin","doi":"10.3390/en18195084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18195084","url":null,"abstract":"To address issues of traditional coalbed methane (CBM) fracturing fluids (high displacement, weak sand-carrying, poor stability, severe coal seam damage), this study synthesized CO2-responsive erucamide propyl dimethylamine surfactant (C22ZEA, yield 99%), with molecular structure verified by 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) matching the target. Molecular simulation showed CO2 protonates C22ZEA into EA+: 1 wt% forms a simple micelle network, while 3 wt% enhances entanglement into a dense 3D network. Experiments indicated: 3 wt% solution reaches 160 mPa·s viscosity in 200 s under CO2 (0.2 L·min−1); 1.5–4.5 wt% solutions are pseudoplastic (n = 0.14–0.18), with G′ > G″ when concentration > 2 wt%; viscosity recovery rate > 95% after alternating shear (170 s−1/10 s−1); viscosity remains > 160 mPa·s after 1 h shear (170 s−1) at 70 °C; gel breaks to 0.01–0.02 Pa·s in 15 min with N2 at 45 °C; 1.0–3.0 wt% solutions meet non-toxic standards via EC50/96 h LC50. This study supports high-efficiency low-damage smart fracturing fluids, boosting CBM extraction efficiency.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":"18 19","pages":"5084-5084"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/19/5084/pdf?version=1758721476","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147918385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Research on Hydrogen Production by Electrochemical Decomposition of HIx Solution 电化学分解HIx溶液制氢的研究

4区工程技术

Energies Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.3390/en18184878

Y. An, Xiaofei Li, Jingxin Zeng, Sun Xue, Yuanyuan Duan, Qiang Song

{"title":"Research on Hydrogen Production by Electrochemical Decomposition of HIx Solution","authors":"Y. An, Xiaofei Li, Jingxin Zeng, Sun Xue, Yuanyuan Duan, Qiang Song","doi":"10.3390/en18184878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18184878","url":null,"abstract":"The electrochemical decomposition of HIx solution presents a promising alternative to overcome the challenges associated with HI thermal decomposition in the sulfur–iodine (S-I) cycle. In this study, constant current electrolysis and LSV tests were carried out for HIx solution using an H-type electrolyzer at different current densities and anode solution compositions. The results showed that during the process of HI electrolysis, the dominant factor of voltage variation gradually changed from electrochemical polarization to ohmic polarization as the current density increased. When the I2 concentration in the HI solution approached saturation, a voltage step occurred in the constant current electrolysis, reaching a maximum amplitude of 127.69%. The analysis indicated that the voltage step was related to the I2 deposition on the electrode and PEM, which led to the simultaneous increase in activation polarization and ohmic polarization overpotential. The increase in I2 concentration decreased the limiting diffusion current density; I2 supersaturation led to the formation of an insoluble iodine film on the electrode surface, ultimately terminating the electrochemical reaction. This study provides guidance for the development of HIx solution electrolysis technology for hydrogen production.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":"18 18","pages":"4878-4878"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/18/4878/pdf?version=1757759150","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and Characterization of High-Strength Coalbed Fracturing Proppant Based on Activated Carbon Skeleton 基于活性炭骨架的高强度煤层压裂支撑剂的研制与表征

4区工程技术

Energies Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.3390/en18184854

Kai Wang, Chenye Guo, Qisen Gong, Gen Li, Xiaoyue Zhuo, Zhuo Peng, Chaoxian Chen

{"title":"Development and Characterization of High-Strength Coalbed Fracturing Proppant Based on Activated Carbon Skeleton","authors":"Kai Wang, Chenye Guo, Qisen Gong, Gen Li, Xiaoyue Zhuo, Zhuo Peng, Chaoxian Chen","doi":"10.3390/en18184854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18184854","url":null,"abstract":"To address the challenges of low permeability, high gas adsorption, and a fragile structure in coalbed methane reservoirs, this study developed a high-strength composite proppant with an activated carbon skeleton via nitric acid pretreatment, silica–alumina sol coating, and calcination. Orthogonal experiments optimized the preparation conditions: 30–40 mesh activated carbon, Si/Al molar ratio of 4:1, calcination at 650 °C for 2 h. The resulting proppant exhibited an excellent performance: a single-particle compressive strength of 55.5 N, porosity of 33.2%, crushing rate of only 2.3% under 50 MPa closure pressure, and permeability 48.5% higher than quartz sand. In simulated acidic coalbed environments (pH 3–5), its acid corrosion rate was <2.8%, and it enhanced methane desorption by 16.2% compared to pure coal. Additionally, the proppant showed a superior transport performance in fracturing fluids, with better distribution uniformity in fractures than ceramsite, and its hydrophobic surface (contact angle 115.32°) improved fracturing fluid flowback efficiency. This proppant integrates high strength, good conductivity, gas desorption promotion, and corrosion resistance, offering a novel material solution for efficient coalbed methane extraction.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":"18 18","pages":"4854-4854"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/18/4854/pdf?version=1757673631","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147912262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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