Dysphagia最新文献

{"title":"Oral Transport, Penetration, and Aspiration in PD: Insights from a RCT on STN + SNr Stimulation.","authors":"Idil Cebi, Lisa Helene Graf, Marion Schütt, Mohammad Hormozi, Philipp Klocke, Moritz Löffler, Marlieke Schneider, Tobias Warnecke, Alireza Gharabaghi, Daniel Weiss","doi":"10.1007/s00455-024-10779-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00455-024-10779-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dysphagia is frequent and detrimental in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) and does not respond to standard treatments. Experimental models suggested that pathological overactivity of the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) may hinder oral contributions to swallowing. Here, we hypothesized that the combined stimulation of subthalamic nucleus (STN) and SNr improves measures of dysphagia after eight weeks of active treatment. We enrolled 20 PD patients with dysphagia and deep brain stimulation (DBS). Patients were assessed in 'medication on' and 'STN' stimulation at baseline (V1) and then were randomized 1:1 to 'STN' or 'STN + SNr' stimulation. In addition, patients of both groups received swallowing therapy as a standard of care. The primary endpoint was the change in Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) at eight-week follow-up (V2) with respect to the baseline (V1) under the hypothesis, that 'STN + SNr' was superior to 'STN'. We obtained further secondary endpoints on oral preparation, transport, pharyngeal phase, penetration, and aspiration. PAS change from V1 to V2 was not significantly different between groups (p = 0.221). When considering all patients for secondary analyses, we found that the entire study cohort showed better PAS scores at V2 compared to V1 irrespective from DBS treatment allocation (p = 0.0156). Both STN and STN + SNr treatments were safe. 'STN + SNr' stimulation was not superior compared to standard 'STN' stimulation both on PAS and the secondary endpoints. We found that the entire study cohort improved dysphagia after eight weeks, which presumably mirrors the effect of continued swallowing therapy and the increased patient attention on swallowing.</p>","PeriodicalId":11508,"journal":{"name":"Dysphagia","volume":" ","pages":"811-822"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Swallowing Exercises in Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Soroush Farsi, Nickolas Alsup, Deanne King, Ozlem E Tulunay-Ugur","doi":"10.1007/s00455-024-10781-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00455-024-10781-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dysphagia, common among older adults, leads to significant morbidity and potential mortality. The role of preventative exercises in healthy, community-dwelling elderly people remains to be understood. In this systematic review, we aimed to understand whether preemptive exercise programs can improve swallowing in healthy older adults. Articles published from 1990 to 2023 were included and identified through searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases by a medical librarian using the keywords \"presbyphagia\" and\" aging\" and \"dysphagia\" and \"management\", as well as \"therapy\" and \"treatment\", \"swallowing therapy\", and the combinations of these keywords. Of 2269 abstracts initially screened, 15 full-text articles were included in this review, consisting of 454 patients. Of the 15 studies included, ten were randomized controlled, three non-randomized clinical trial, one a prospective cohort study, and one an interventional study. The reported age range of the participants was between 60 and 91 years-old. Sixty-two percent of the participants were elderly females. In terms of interventions, nine studies employed tongue strengthening exercises, five utilized swallowing resistance techniques, two involved pronunciation and karaoke practice, two focused on recline and head lift exercises, one utilized high-speed jaw opening exercises, and one employed electrical stimulation of swallowing muscles. Swallowing exercises strengthen targeted muscle groups in healthy older adults and can be utilized to prevent swallowing problems that occur with aging. Further longitudinal studies are needed to understand the benefits of preventative therapy models. Level of Evidence: Level 4.</p>","PeriodicalId":11508,"journal":{"name":"Dysphagia","volume":" ","pages":"833-840"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Paediatric Populations with Increased Risk for Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Acute and Critical Care Settings: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Christie Grunke, Jeanne Marshall, Anna Miles, Bronwyn Carrigg, Elizabeth C Ward","doi":"10.1007/s00455-024-10795-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00455-024-10795-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dysphagia is common in hospitalised children. Clarity regarding its prevalence is required to direct service needs. This review reports oropharyngeal dysphagia prevalence in children admitted to acute and/or critical care, following acute illness, medical or surgical intervention. It also explores patient characteristics significantly associated with oropharyngeal dysphagia in these settings. Five electronic databases (EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus) were searched. Studies identified for inclusion involved children (0-16 years), in acute or critical care settings, where prevalence data for new-onset or worsening oropharyngeal dysphagia was reported. Peer reviewed journal articles, including systematic reviews were included. Data was extracted and synthesised using a purpose designed extraction tool. A total of 7,522 studies were screened and 67 studies met criteria. The most researched populations included congenital heart disease surgeries, posterior fossa tumour resections, stroke and post-extubation dysphagia. Populations with the highest documented dysphagia prevalence were children after posterior fossa tumour resection with a new tracheostomy, children using nasal continuous positive airway pressure, and children following ischemic stroke. Characteristics significantly associated with oropharyngeal dysphagia were younger age, lower weight, longer intubation, upper/middle airway dysfunction (e.g., vocal paresis), and presence of additional comorbidities. This review presents synthesised prevalence data for children in acute and critical care settings with new-onset or worsening oropharyngeal dysphagia. It highlights the broad nature of oropharyngeal dysphagia in hospitalised children and the need for more rigorous research into characteristics associated with increased risk to better support screening and early identification of oropharyngeal dysphagia in these settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11508,"journal":{"name":"Dysphagia","volume":" ","pages":"973-986"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Head and Neck Cancer Survivors' Assessment of Mealtimes: Translation and Validation : Assessment and Rehabilitation of Dysphagia in Head and Neck Cancer Patients.","authors":"Alice Vergauwen, Leen Van den Steen, Margot Baudelet, Gwen Van Nuffelen","doi":"10.1007/s00455-024-10771-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00455-024-10771-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dysphagia is a prevalent complication before, during and after treatment for head and neck cancer (HNC). Besides the medical and societal consequences, dysphagia has a negative impact on functioning, activity, participation and quality of life. These aspects are all affected by the environmental factors (EF). However, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) such as the Head-and-Neck Cancer Survivors' Assessment of Mealtimes (HNSAM), which thoroughly assess participation and EF in addition to function and activity, are rare. Therefore, this study aimed to translate and validate the HNSAM into Dutch (D-HNSAM). The HNSAM was translated according to the standardized procedure of translation & back-translation and according to the international cross-cultural adaptation process. A pilot study was then conducted with 10 HNC patients to assess the linguistic features and comprehensibility of the test items. Finally, the D-HNSAM was completed by 50 participants who were at least 6 months post-treatment for HNC. The Performance Status Scale for Head and Neck cancer patients (PSS-HN)- subscales normalcy of diet and eating in public, the Dysphagia Handicap Index (DHI), the Functional Oral Intake scale (FOIS) and the Utrecht Scale for Evaluation of Rehabilitation-Participation (USER-P) were used to examine the psychometric properties of the D-HNSAM. High correlations with related assessment tools and low correlations with unrelated assessment tools were expected. Internal consistency was found to be weak to good. Test-retest reliability, convergent validity and divergent validity were demonstrated except for the EF subscale. The D-HNSAM can detect differences in impact of dysphagia on daily functioning and quality of life. The D-HNSAM is a reliable and clinically valuable PROM for assessing the impact of dysphagia on daily functioning and quality of life in patients with HNC. The unique aspect of this PROM, the subscale EF, has unfortunately weak psychometric properties and requires further refinement.</p>","PeriodicalId":11508,"journal":{"name":"Dysphagia","volume":" ","pages":"737-746"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12328494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142460665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compressed Sensing-Based Cine-MRI for Location of Dysphagia and Swallowing Function assessment in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: A Comparative Study.","authors":"Xiaobin Guo, Tengfei Ke, Yifan Liu, Chengde Liao, Manzhu Li","doi":"10.1007/s00455-024-10794-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00455-024-10794-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cine magnetic resonance imaging (Cine-MRI) may evaluate the swallowing function and locations of patients with dysphagia, which requires very fast imaging speed. Compressed sensing is a technique that allows for faster MRI imaging by sampling fewer data points and reconstructing the image via optimization techniques, crucial for capturing the rapid movements involved in swallowing. This study aimed to analyze swallowing function and locations in patients with head and neck cancer and healthy individuals using Cine-MRI based on compressed sensing. This comparative study enrolled 36 patients with dysphagia and 10 healthy controls at the Department of Radiology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital between June 2020 and January 2021. Significant correlations were found between primary tumor location and Cine-MRI parameters, and between swallowing function and Cine-MRI parameters. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the combined Cine-MRI-related parameters in predicting mild and severe dysphagia were 0.806 (95% CI: 0.662-0.949). Cine-MRI with compressed sensing may identify swallowing function and abnormal stages of the physiologic swallowing process in patients with dysphagia after treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11508,"journal":{"name":"Dysphagia","volume":" ","pages":"963-972"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12328465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cine-MRI of Deglutition: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Marin Chauvel, Christophe Tessier, Aïna Venkatasamy, Sandrine Estebe, Franck Jégoux","doi":"10.1007/s00455-024-10797-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00455-024-10797-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Videofluoroscopy, recognized as the gold standard for dysphagia exploration, has inherent limitations, including poor soft tissue discrimination, radiation exposure, and aspiration risk. In response to these challenges, cine-MRI of swallowing has evolved over the past three decades, yielding diverse methodologies and results across various studies.This systematic review, conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, meticulously outlines cine-MRI protocols, applications, advantages, and limitations. Our qualitative analysis encompasses 36 studies involving 715 subjects from 2001 to 2023. Cine-MRI, a promising alternative, provides safe application for dysphagic patients, offering insights into the intricacies of deglutition mechanisms and eliminating the necessity for oral contrast material. Notably, this approach is adaptable to both 1.5 and 3T MRI scanners with specific image acceleration protocols.Despite these merits, a crucial gap remains, as no non-inferiority prospective study has yet been conducted to compare cine-MRI with the gold standard. Additionally, the lack of uniform swallowing assessment criteria and the uncertain impact of the supine position underscore the need for further investigation. In conclusion, while cine-MRI of deglutition emerges as a compelling tool for dysphagia exploration, its precise indications and role in the diagnostic approach to swallowing disorders necessitate comprehensive evaluation in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11508,"journal":{"name":"Dysphagia","volume":" ","pages":"700-710"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pilot Study of a Modified Swallowing Screening Tool for Critically Ill Patients in the Intensive Care Unit.","authors":"Byunghoon Lee, Myung Hun Jang, Yong Beom Shin, Myung-Jun Shin, Kwangha Lee, Jae Sik Seo","doi":"10.1007/s00455-024-10784-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00455-024-10784-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The lack of early assessment tools for swallowing function in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) may lead to delays in oral intake. This study assessed the effectiveness of a new bedside swallowing screening tool in detecting dysphagia in patients in the ICU or isolation settings, where isolation settings refer to conditions such as COVID-19, where patient mobility is limited. We assessed swallowing function in 13 patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. To ensure patient safety, a bedside preliminary investigation was performed to assess the patient's alertness level, and ultrasound findings of the vocal cords were obtained. Patients were nasogastric(NG) tube feeding or fasted if they did not meet a certain readiness level. Additionally, patients who passed the preliminary investigation underwent methylene blue dye or citric acid swallowing tests if they had or had not undergone tracheostomy, respectively. The Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS) test was used to determine whether an oral diet was appropriate. Of the 13 patients, 1 failed to meet the criteria during the preliminary examination, and 12 underwent the examination and initiated oral intake. Significant differences were found in the GUSS scores between the tracheostomy and non-tracheostomy groups but not in the examination validity. NG tube was implemented if the examination criteria were not met at each stage. Patients who passed the newly developed dysphagia screening tool exhibited no aspiration symptoms post-oral feeding initiation, enabling their discharge. In conclusion, the proposed screening test can be performed safely and easily, allowing for early dysphagia detection, reduced aspiration risk, and safe oral feeding in patients in the ICU or isolation settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11508,"journal":{"name":"Dysphagia","volume":" ","pages":"861-868"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12328495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142727069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound Evaluatıon of Muscle Movement During Swallowing Maneuvers: Trials on 3 Maneuvers.","authors":"Aysegül Yılmaz, Müge Müzeyyen Çiyiltepe","doi":"10.1007/s00455-025-10863-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00455-025-10863-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultrasound (US), a technology extensively utilized and deemed safe for medical purposes, represents an innovative approach that has recently been applied in the evaluation of swallowing functions as well as in the rehabilitation processes. Therapeutic interventions often prioritize swallowing maneuvers as preferred options. Nevertheless, the current body of literature indicates that the application of ultrasound in the assessment and treatment of swallowing disorders remains limited, with a scarcity of studies investigating muscle activation and laryngeal elevation during these swallowing maneuvers. This research seeks to compare the movements and timing of the floor of the mouth muscles across various age and gender demographics, while also aiming to procure quantitative data on hyoid-laryngeal convergence during the maneuvers, thereby substantiating the implementation of US in conjunction with three commonly employed swallowing maneuvers for the intervention of disorders affiliated with the oropharyngeal phase of swallowing. The results indicate that the duration of swallowing maneuvers tends to increase with advancing age, with the Mendelsohn maneuver emerging as the most efficacious technique for hyoid-larynx convergence. Conversely, it was also observed that the Mendelsohn maneuver posed the greatest challenge for subjects in terms of cooperation. Consequently, this study demonstrates that ultrasound can be effectively utilized during the execution of swallowing maneuvers, while also providing valuable insights into muscle activation associated with these interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11508,"journal":{"name":"Dysphagia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Predictors of Self-Reported Swallowing Difficulties in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Population-Based Study from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS).","authors":"Ashwini Namasivayam-MacDonald, Merle Werbeloff, Samantha Shune","doi":"10.1007/s00455-025-10860-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00455-025-10860-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is well established that dysphagia is common amongst older adults, yet there is a paucity of evidence from population-based studies confirming prevalence and risk factors. The current study aimed to determine prevalence and predictors of self-reported swallowing difficulty in community-dwelling older adults. The National Health and Aging Trends Study is a nationally representative population study that has followed American Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 and older since 2011. Annual, interviews collect detailed information on biological, medical, psychological, social, lifestyle and economic data. The current study analyzed data from the first 11 rounds of interviews to estimate prevalence and the predictors of self-reported swallowing difficulty. Estimates of prevalence were computed per year based on analytic weights and linearized standard errors. Logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of participant-reported swallowing difficulties for a subgroup of adults in Round 5, as well as 1497 community-dwelling older adults who responded to all 11 rounds of interviews, representing a stable cohort across 11 years. For both models, lifestyle and health factors were considered, such as: smoking; requiring help to eat and prepare meals; life satisfaction; social participation; various medical conditions; cognition; fall status; and respiratory status. Prevalence of self-reported swallowing difficulty ranged from 8.7 to 10.2% over 11 years, with many participants experiencing swallowing difficulties intermittently. Cross-sectional analyses (Round 5 data) revealed that the odds of swallowing difficulties increased with less education, those identifying as Hispanic as compared to white, and those with relatively lower incomes. Longitudinal analyses, controlling for the effect of age, suggested the following independent predictors over time: self-reported poor health, higher BMI, reduced peak airflow, needing help to eat, and limited physical activity. This information should be carefully considered by clinicians, researchers, and policymakers to ensure we are able to address the needs of our dysphagia patients as they continue to age. Social determinants of health must also be considered to ensure equitable care across the population.</p>","PeriodicalId":11508,"journal":{"name":"Dysphagia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144658728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normative Reference Values for Pharyngeal Volume and Residue During Swallowing in Healthy Adults: Analysis Using 320-Row Area Detector Computed Tomography.","authors":"Howell Henrian Bayona, Yoko Inamoto, Eiichi Saitoh, Keiko Aihara, Seiko Shibata, Yohei Otaka","doi":"10.1007/s00455-025-10855-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00455-025-10855-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to establish reference values for quantitative measurements of pharyngeal volume and residue during swallowing in healthy individuals and to examine how these measurements are influenced by age, sex, height, and bolus properties. We performed a retrospective analysis of 288 swallows from 135 healthy Japanese adults (median age, 43 years; height, 163 cm) who underwent Swallowing CT. Test boluses included thin or extremely thick liquids in either 3 mL, 10 mL, or 20 mL amounts. Pharyngeal cavity volume at bolus hold (PVHOLD), unobliterated air and bolus volume at maximum pharyngeal constriction (PVMAX), and pharyngeal volume constriction ratio (PVCR), and post-swallow pharyngeal residue were measured on dynamic 3D-CT images using a semi-automated software. We determined the 2.5th, 50th, 97.5th percentile values to obtain normative reference values for each parameter and made generalized linear regression models to determine how these volume measurements are associated with demographic factors and bolus properties. Normative values (median [97.5th percentile]) across all swallows were PVHOLD 20.9 cm³ [38.6 cm³], PVMAX 0.3 cm³ [2.1 cm³], PVCR 98.8% [2.5th percentile 89.1%], and residue 0 cm³ [0.4 cm³]. Males exhibited larger values than females. PVHOLD significantly increased with height (β = 0.465, p < 0.001) and age (β = 0.068, p = 0.001), while PVMAX and PVCR increased with larger bolus volumes (β = 0.293, p = 0.005) and in thicker consistencies (β = 0.376, p = 0.017). Pharyngeal residue was present in 98/288 (34.0%) of swallows and was significantly associated with increasing bolus volume (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.865 [95% confidence interval: 1.275-2.727]), age (aOR = 1.025 [1.010-1.040]), thicker bolus (aOR = 1.806 [1.275-2.727]). Each 1 cm² increase in PVMAX was associated with nearly double the odds of residue (aOR = 1.86 [1.202-2.862]). Similarly, each 1% decrease in PVCR corresponded to a 10.6% increase in the odds of residue (aOR = 1.106 [1.015-1.295]). These normative data provide a bases for comparing individuals with or without pharyngeal impairments.</p>","PeriodicalId":11508,"journal":{"name":"Dysphagia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144642082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}